meore seqcia

fadime da turan karabulutebi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg

CASE OF FADİME AND TURAN KARABULUT v. TURKEY

(ganacxadino. 23872/04)

gadawyvetileba

strasburgi

27 maisi 2010

saboloo versia

27/08/2010

G

gadawyvetileba saboloo gaxda konvenciis 44-e muxlis me-2 punqtis

Sesabamisad. is SesaZloa daeqvemdebaros redaqciuli xasiaTis gadasinjvas

1

FADİME AND TURAN KARABULUT v. TURKEY JUDGMENT

saqmezeFadime and Turan Karabulut v. Turkey,

adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos palatam (meore seqcia), Semdeg

mosamarTleTa SemadgenlobiT:

fransuaza tulkensi, Tavmjdomare,

ireneu kabral boreto,

danute Josieni,

dragolub popoviCi,

nona woworia,

isil karakasi,

kristina pardalosi, mosamarTleebi,

da sali dole, seqciis registratori,

imsjela ganmartoebiT 2010 wlis 4 maiss,

da amave dRes gamoitana winamdebare gadawyvetileba

procedura

1. saqme momdinareobs TurqeTis moqalaqeebis q-ni fadime karabulutisa da

turan karabulutis (SemdgomSi “ganmcxadeblebi”) mier adamianis uflebaTa

evropul sasamarTloSi adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa

evropuli konvenciis (“konvencia”) 34-e muxlis Tanaxmad, 2004 wlis 5 ivniss

TurqeTis respublikis winaaRmdeg Setanili ganacxadidan (#23872/04).

2. ganmcxadeblebis interesebs warmoadgenda q-ni fatma karakas dogani,

stambolSi moRvawe advokati. TurqeTis mTavrobis interesebs (“mTavroba”)

warmoadgenda mTavrobis agenti.

3. kerZod ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom Jandarmeriis jariskacebis mier

maTi qaliSvilis mokvla ganxorcielda konvenciis me-2 muxlis moTxovnaTa

darRveviT.

4.

2008

wlis

21

ianvars

meore

seqciis

Tavmjdomarem

gadawyvita

mTavrobisaTvis ecnobebina Setanili ganacxadis Sesaxeb. aseve miRebul iqna

gadawyvetileba Tanadroulad yofiliyo ganxiluli ganacxadis daSvebadobis

sakiTxi da arsebiTi mxare (29-e muxlis me-3 punqti).

1

FADİME AND TURAN KARABULUT v. TURKEY JUDGMENT

2

faqtebi

saqmis garemoebebi

5. ganmcxadeblebi daibadnen 1963 da 1950 wlebSi Sesabamisad da cxovroben

sivasSi. maT yavT ori qaliSvili, nermin karabuluti da Serap karabuluti.

6. ganmcxadeblebis Tanaxmad, 1998 wlis 29 ivliss daaxloebiT dRis 1-e

saaTze orive gogona avtostopis meSveobiT gadaadgildeboda sivasSi,

rodesac samxedro manqanam gaaCera isini da dauwyes srola. nermin

karabuluti, romelic 14 wlis iyo sasikvdilod daiWra da imave dRes

mogvianebiT saavadmyofoSi gardaicvala. serap karabuluti, romelic 16 wlis

iyo, scemes jariskacebma Jandarmeriis ganyofilebaSi gadayvanamde. igi imave

saRamos gaaTavisufles.

7. imave dRes Jandarmeriis oficrebma Seadgines SemTxvevis adgilis

daTvalierebis oqmi. xsenebuli oqmis Tanaxmad, piri, romelsac surda

anonimurad darCena, telefoniT daukavSirda Jandarmerias da ganacxada, rom

man saeWvod miiCnia gogonebis qceva. Jandarmeriis oficrebi da jariskacebi

SemTxvevis adgilas mividnen daaxloebiT dRis 2 saaTisaTvis. rodesac

gogonam dainaxa jariskacebi is gaiqca. jariskacebma uSedegod scades misi

SeCereba ZaxiliT da amis Semdgom gaisroles TxuTmetidan oc vaznamde

gamafrTxilebeli

gasrola

haerSi.

gogonam

sapasuxod

maT

esrola

xelyumbara, magram jariskacebi mainc agrZelebdnen gamafrTxilebel

gasrolebs. maSin, rodesac gogona Seecada jariskacebisaTvis esrola meore

xelyumbara, jariskacebma esroles mas. rodesac maT gaCxrikes igi, maT ipoves

xelketi, ori dana, saxraxnisi, ori metris sigrZis eleqtro sadeni, yviTeli

siTxiT savse Sprici da xelyumbara. incidentis dros jariskacebidan aravin

daWrila. nermin karabuluti gadaiyvanes sivasSi mdebare saavadmyofoSi,

sadac igi gardaicvala imave dRes.

8. 1998 wlis 30 ivliss meore ganmcxadebelma da misma gadarCenilma

qaliSvilma

serap

karabulutma,

Cveneba

misces

prokurors.

meore

ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom misi ori qaliSvili cdilobda manqanis

gaCerebas, raTa gamgzavrebuliyvnen sivasSi mdebare saavadmyofoSi, sadac maT

adre CautardaT operacia. rodesac arc erTma manqanam ar gauCera, maT

gadawyvites fexiT misuliyvnen TavianTi biZis saxlSi, magram amis Semdgom

movidnen jariskacebi da ubrZanes maT gaCereba. serap karabulutma awia

xelebi da gaCerda, magram nerman karabuluti gaiqca radganac mas SeeSinda

jariskacebis. amis Semdgom jariskacebma esroles mas. meore ganmcxadebelma

mosTxova

prokurors

moeZebna

da

saqme

aReZra

misi

qaliSvilis

mkvlelobisaTvis pasuxismgebeli pirebis winaaRmdeg.

2

3

FADİME AND TURAN KARABULUT v. TURKEY JUDGMENT

9. serap karabulutma daadastura misi mamis mier movlenebis aRwera da

daamata, rom mzad iyo amoecno is jariskaci, romelmac esrola mis das. man

aseve ganacxada, rom jariskacebma scemes igi.

10. imave dRes serap karabuluti gadaiyvanes sivasis numunes saxelobis

saavadmyofoSi, sadac igi gasinja eqimma. samedicino daskvnaSi miTiTebuli

iyo, rom mas aReniSneboda 4X5 sm sisxlCaqceva marjvena idayvze da 3X4 sm

nakawri narcxena idayvze.

11. imave dRes ganxorcielda nermin karabulutis gvamis gakveTa kumhurietis

universitetis samedicino departamentSi. xsenebuls eswreboda prokuroric.

gakveTis win dedam formalurad amoicno gardacvlili qaliSvili. man

ganucxada saavadmyofoSi myof pirebs, rom misi qaliSvili nermin

karabuluti atarebda danebsa da saxraxniss, raTa daecva sakuTari Tavi

saqonlis mwyemsvis dros. man aseve daamata, rom siTxiT savse Sprici aseve

mis qaliSvils ekuTvnoda da maSi Casxmuli iyo trankvilizatori, romelic

mas gamouwera eqimma. dedam ar icoda Tu ratom waiRo saxlidan Sprici misma

qaliSvilma. igi moiTxovda misi qaliSvilis mkvlelobisaTvis pasuxismgebeli

pirebis winaaRmdeg gamoZiebis aRZvrasa da dasjas.

12. imave dRes Sedgenili gakveTis oqmis Tanaxmad, nermin karabuluti

gardaicvala Sida sisxlCaqcevis gamo, rac gamoiwvia erTaderTma tyviam,

romelic mis sxeulSi Sevida ukana mxridan meTerTmete neknis doneze da

gamovida winidan me-9 neknis doneze. prokurorma, romelic eswreboda

gakveTas, daadgina, rom xelyumbara, romelic savaraudod aRmouCines nermin

karabuluts (ix. me-7 punqti) ar iyo im sagnebs Soris, romlebic

prokuraturaSi iqna warmodgenili.

13. Jandarmeriis laboratoriaSi imave dRes Sedgenili daskvnis Tanaxmad,

yviTeli siTxe, romelic SpricSi iqna aRmoCenili, miCneul iqna heroinad.

14. 1998 wlis

5

agvistos prokurorma Seadgina SemTxvevis adgilis

daTvalierebis oqmi mas Semdgom, rac man moinaxula is adgili, sadac nermin

karabuluti mokles. prokurors Tan axldnen hafikis raionis Jandarmeriis

xelZRvaneli Mehmet elagozi, ganmcxadeblis gadarCenili qaliSvili serap

karabuluti, ganmcxadeblis warmomadgeneli, soflis Tavkaci (muhtari) da

asafeTqebeli

nivTierebebis

eqsperti.

xsenebul

midamoebSi

Catarda

daTvaliereba, romlis drosac napovni iqna gasrolili tyviis masra da

xelyumbaris detonatori. aseve aRmoCenil iqna 25-30 sm radiusis da 8-10 sm

siRrmis ormo. eqspertis Tanaxmad ormos gaCena SeeZlo gamoewvia

xelyumbaras, iseve rogorc mraval sxva faqtors. SemTxvevis adgilas ver

iqna aRmoCenili im xelyumbaris namsxvrevebi, romelic savaraudod esrola

jariskacebs nermin karabulutma. hafikis raionis Jandarmeriis ufrosma

3

FADİME AND TURAN KARABULUT v. TURKEY JUDGMENT

4

elagozma ganucxada prokurors, rom meore xelyumbara, romelic aRmouCines

nermin karabuluts, gaanadgures jariskacebma incidentis Semdgom.

15. agvistoSi sxvadasxva dRes, prokurorma Cvenebebi CamoarTva Jandarmeriis

oficrebs,

romlebic

monawilebdnen

xsenebul

incidentSi.

oficrebi

acxadebdnen, rom isini moqmedebdnen im rwmeniT, rom nermin karabuluti iyo

teroristi, radganac man esrola maT xelyumbara da aseve imitom, rom isini

fiqrobdnen, rom mosasxamis qveS damaluli xis xelketi, Tofi iyo. maT

ganaxorcieles gamafrTxilebeli gasrolebi da maSin rodesac gogonas unda

esrola meore xelyumbara jariskacebisaTvis, maT esroles mas, Tumca

umiznebdnen wels qvemoT da im xelSi, romelSic mas eWira xelyumbara. maT

mizans ar warmoadgenda gogonas mokvla, aramed mxolod misi daWra imgvarad,

rom Semdgom daekavebinaT igi.

16. 1998 wlis 12 agvistos ganmcxadebelma saCivriT mimarTa sivasis prokurors

da acnoba mas, rom misi qaliSvilis mkvelobisaTvis pasuxismgebeli

Jandarmebis mier gavrcelda pres relizi, romelSic naTqvami iyo, rom

“TviTmkvleli bombis amfeTqebeli gogona, heroins moixmarda”.

17. 1998 wlis 31 agvistos policiis laboratoriam gamosca daskvna aRmoCenil

detonatorTan dakavSirebiT, iseve rogorc, SemTxvevis adgilze aRmoCenili

ormodan aRebul miwasTan mimarTebaSi. daskvnis Tanaxmad detonatori iyo

nato-s standartebis Sesabamisi xelyumbaris nawili, romlis warmomavlobis

identificirebac ver moxerxda. aseve dadgenil iqna, rom miwis nimuSi

Seicavda trinitronulenis niSnebs.

18. 1998 wlis 29 seqtembers, sasamarTlo samedicino institutma gamoaqveyna

daskvna nermin karabulutis sxeulidan aRebul sisxlis analizTan, iseve

rogorc, mis jibeSi aRmoCenil SpricSi arsebul yviTel siTxesTan

dakavSirebiT. daskvnis Tanaxmad nermin karabulutis sisxlSi ar iqna

aRmoCenili narkotikebi. dadginda, rom SpricSi arsebuli siTxe iyo

qloropromazini, garkveuli trankvilizatoris tipi.

19. 1998 wlis 22 oqtombers Jandarmeriis vice polkovniki sabri semeni

dainiSna saqmis gamomZieblad da man daiwyo im Jandarmebis dakiTxva,

romlebic monawileobdnen incidentSi. 1998 wlis 25 oqtombers vice

polkovnikma daasrula gamoZieba da rekomendacia gasca, rom gamoZieba ar

aRZruliyo Jandarmeriis

6

warmomadgenlis winaaRmdeg. moxseneba aseve

Seicavs Jandarmeriis oficrebis Cvenebebis, ganmcxadeblebis Cvenebebisa da

serap karabulutis Cvenebis mokle aRweras. vice polkovnikma miiCnia, rom

Jandarmeriis oficrebs gaaCndaT sakmarisi safuZveli imis dasajereblad, rom

nerman karabuluti, romelic ar SeCerda jariskacebis mier micemuli

gafrTxilebis Semdgom da esrola xelyumbara jariskacebs, teroristi iyo.

4

5

FADİME AND TURAN KARABULUT v. TURKEY JUDGMENT

arsebuli kanonmdeblobidan gamomdinare, romlis Tanaxmadac Jandarmeriis

oficrebs gaaCndaT ufleba gamoeyenebinaT cecxlsasroli iaraRi maT

winaaRmdeg gamoyenebuli proporciuli Zalis SemTxvevaSi, moxsenebaSi

gakeTebuli iyo daskvna, rom jariskacebs ar surdaT gogonas mokvla da

Sesabamisad ar unda aRZruliyo gamoZieba Jandarmeriis eqvsi oficris

winaaRmdeg, romlebic monawileobdnen incidentSi.

20. 1998 wlis 10 noembers, sajaro xelisuflebis warmomadgenelTa winaaRmdeg

gamoZiebis warmmarTvelma komisiam (“CPCS”) daadgina, rom gamomZieblis mier

momzadebuli moxseneba koncentrirebas axdenda mxolod mkvlelobis

sakiTxze da masSi ar iyo ganxiluli is sakiTxi gadaaWarbes Tu ara

jariskacebma TavianT uflebamosilebas. CPCS–m aseve daadgina, rom

moxsenebaSi ar iyo asaxuli ramodenime mniSvnelovani sakiTxi. magaliTad,

masSi ar iyo mocemuli Jandarmeriis im oficris vinaoba, romelmac esrola

nermin karabuluts iseve rogorc ar iyo identificirebuli im piris vinaoba,

romelmac Seatyobina Jandarmerias “saeWvo gogonas Sesaxeb”. aseve saeWvod

iqna miCneuli jariskacebis mier meore savaraudo xelyumbaris ar Senaxva da

xsenebulis

sanacvlod

misi

ganadgureba.

ar

ganxorcielebula

Tanasoflelebis dakiTxva nermin karabulutis pirovnebasTan dakavSirebiT,

Cabmuli iyo Tu ara igi teroristul saqmianobaSi da SeeZlo Tu ara mas

xelyumbaris mopoveba.

21. 1998 wlis 8 dekembers, gamomZiebelma CamoarTva damatebiTi Cvenebebi

Jandarmeriis oTx oficers, romlebic amtkicebdnen, rom maT yvelam erTad

esroles nermin karabuluts da ar ician Tu vis mier gasrolili tyvia

moxvda mas. isini gogonas umiznebdnen wels qvemoT, raTa Tavidan

aecilebinaT misi sikvdili. miuxedavad xsenebulisa, imis gamo, rom miwis

grunti ar iyo swori, samwuxarod gogona sasikvdilod daiWra. xelyumbara,

romelic mis gverdiT aRmoaCines nawilobriv detonirebuli iyo mis mierve da

amitomac misi, rogorc mtkicebulebis Senaxva, sarisko iyo.

22. imave dRes vice polkovnikma Cveneba CamoarTva gardacvlili gogonas sam

Tanasoflels, romlebmac ganacxades, rom nermin karabuluti yovelTvis

xangrZlivad mogzaurobda xolme qveynis SigniT, zogjer mamasTan erTad,

romelic mwyemsi iyo, zogjer ki marto. maT ar icodnen imis Sesaxeb Cabmuli

iyo Tu ara gogona teroristul aqtivobebSi da arc imis Sesaxeb icodnen Tu

saidan SeiZleba moepovebina gogonas xelyumbara. Jandarmeriis oficerma,

romelic muSaobda operatorad satelefono pultTan, ganucxada gamomZiebel

vice polkovniks, rom pirma, romelmac Jandarmerias acnoba “saeWvo gogonas

Sesaxeb” ar dausaxelebia sakuTari vinaoba.

23. 1998 wlis 9 dekembers, vice polkovnikma Seadgina damatebiTi moxseneba.

CPCS-ma 1998 wlis 22 dekembers gadawyvita uareyo nebarTvis gacema

5

FADİME AND TURAN KARABULUT v. TURKEY JUDGMENT

6

Jandarmeriis im personalis winaaRmdeg gamoZiebis aRZvrasTan dakavSirebiT,

romlebmac mokles nermin karabuluti. CPCS-is xsenebuli gadawyvetileba

gaauqma saxelmwifo sabWom 2002 wlis 26 ivniss.

24. 2002 wlis 22 agvistos, sivasis prokurorma waradgina sabraldebo daskvna

sivasis saolqo sasamarTloSi da brali wauyena Jandarmeriis 6 oficers

TurqeTis

gaufrTxilebeli

sisxlis

samarTlis

kodeqsis

CadenaSi.

452-e

2002

muxlis

wlis 16

darRveviT

oqtombers

mkvlelobis

ganmcxadeblebi mxared CaerTvnen sisxlis samarTalwarmoebaSi.

25. 2004 wlis 28 ianvars sivasis saolqo sasamarTlom gamoitana

gadawyvetileba saqmis ganxilvis iurisdiqciis arqonasTan dakavSirebiT, im

motiviT, rom braldebulebi jariskacebi iyvnen da gasaCivrebuli qmedeba maT

ganaxorcieles samxedro movaleobis Sesrulebisas. saqme gadaegzavna sivasis

samxedro sasamarTlos.

26. 2005 wlis 14 aprils, sivasis samxedro sasamarTlom aseve gamoitana saqmis

ganxilvis iurisdiqciis arqonasTan dakavSirebuli gadawyvetileba. xsenebuli

gadawyvetileba ZalaSi datoves samxedro sakasacio sasamarTlom 2005 wlis

18

oqtombers,

da

iurisdiqciis

sakiTxebTan

dakavSirebuli

davebis

ganmxilvelma sasamarTlom (Uyuşmazlık Mahkemesi) 2006 wlis 6 marts. am

ukanasknelma daadgina, rom saqmis ganxilvis iurisdiqcia gaaCnda sivasis

saolqo sasamarTlos, radganac Jandarmebma danaSauli Caidines maT mier

administraciuli da samoqalaqo uflebamosilebebis ganxorcielebisas.

27. sivasis saolqo sasamarTloSi axali samarTalwarmoeba gaimarTa, romlis

drosac sisxlis samarTlis sxvadasxva sasamarTlom braldebulebi dakiTxa

sivasis saolqo sasamarTlos mier gacemuli miTiTebis safuZvelze.

28. 2007 wlis 7 dekembers, sivasis saolqo sasamarTlom daadgina, rom

Jandarmebma gadaaWarbes maT uflebamosilebebs iaraRis gamoyenebasTan

dakavSirebiT im kuTxiT, rom zurgSi esroles nerman karabuluts da ara

sxva adgilebSi, sadac srola saSiSi ar iqneboda sicocxlisaTvis. saolqo

sasamarTlom aseve miiCnia, rom Jandarmebis mxridan SesaZlebeli iyo

alternatiuli da sicocxlisaTvis usafrTxo meTodebis gamoyeneba, nermin

karabulutis Sesapyrobad. saolqo sasamarTlom msjavri dasdo Jandarmebs

gaufrTxilebel mkvlelobaSi da sasjelis saxiT Seufarda maT weliwadiT

da rva TviT patimroba. Tumca, mogvianebiT Jandarmebs sasjeli gadauvaddaT

sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 51-e muxlis Sesabamisad, romelic sisxlis

samarTlis sasamarTleobs aZlevda 2 welze naklebi sasjelis gadavadebis

diskrecias.

6

7

FADİME AND TURAN KARABULUT v. TURKEY JUDGMENT

29. ganmcxadeblebma da braldebulebma gaasaCivres xsenebuli ganaCeni. 2009

wlis 22 dekembers, sakasacio sasamarTlom ZalaSi datova sivasis saolqo

sasamarTlos mier 2007 wlis 7 dekembers gamotanili ganaCeni im nawilSi,

romelic exeboda Jandarmebis braleulad cnobas. sakasacio sasamarTlom

gaauqma ganaCenis is nawili, romelic exeboda eqvsidan xuTi JandarmisaTvis

sasjelis dakisrebas da saqme gansaxilvelad daubruna sivasis saolqo

sasamarTlos da miuTiTa mas, rom gamoeyenebina im droisaTvis ZalaSi axlad

Sesuli kanoni (2008 wlis 23 ianvris #5728 kanoni), romlis Tanaxmadac

gansxvavebuli sasjelebis gamotana iyo SesaZlebeli Jandarmebis winaaRmdeg.

radganac meeqvse Jandarmi ukve nasamarTlevi iyo sxva danaSaulTan

dakavSirebiT, sakasacio sasamarTlom daadgina, rom mas ar SeeZlo esargebla

axali kanonis ufro xelsayreli debulebebiT da am JandarmTan mimarTebiT

ZalaSi datova sivasis saolqo sasamarTlos 2007 wlis

daTariRebuli gadavadebuli sasjeli.

7

dekembriT

30.

sivasis

saolqo

sasamarTloSi

warimarTa

axali

sasamarTlo

samarTalwarmoeba, romlis Sedegadac sasamarTlom 2009 wlis 17 dekembers

daadgina igive rac 2007 wlis 7 dekembers da 5 Jandarmi braleulad cno

gaufrTxilebeli mkvlelobis CadenaSi. Jandarmebs sasjelis saxiT SeefardaT

erTi wliTa da rva TviT patimroba, magram sasjelis aRsruleba

gadauvaddaT. sivasis saolqo sasamarTlom daadgina, rom msjavrdebulebi ar

iyvnen adre nasamarTlevni da CaTvala, rom isini aRar Caidendnen analogiur

danaSauls momavalSi. ganmcxadeblebma gaasaCivres xsenebuli gadawyvetileba,

magram strasburgis sasamarTlosaTvis ucnobia xsenebuli gasaCivrebis

Sedegi.

samarTali

I. konvenciis me-2, me-6, me-13 da me-14 muxlebis savaraudo darRveva

31. ganmcxadeblebi Ciodnen, rom Jandarmeriis oficrebis mier maTi

qaliSvilis winaaRmdeg gamoyenebuli Zala, ar iyo absoluturad aucilebeli,

xolo gamoyenebuli Zalis gadaWarbebuli xasiaTi ki adasturebda, rom

oficrebi faqtiurad cdilobdnen mis mokvlas. ganmcxadeblebi aseve

amtkicebdnen, rom maTi qaliSvilis mkvlelobasTan dakavSirebiT warmarTuli

gamoZieba arc miukerZoebeli iyo da arc adeqvaturi konvenciis me-2 muxlis

miznebidan da moTxovnebidan gamomdinare.

32. konvenciis me-13 muxlze dayrdnobiT, ganmcxadeblebi Ciodnen, rom

erovnuli samarTalwarmoebisas maTTvis ar yofila uzrunvelyofili

samarTliani dacvis Sida saxelmwifoebrivi saSualeba, romelsac SeeZlo

darRveul uflebebSi maTi aRdgena. konvenciis me-6 muxlis Tanaxmad,

7

FADİME AND TURAN KARABULUT v. TURKEY JUDGMENT

8

ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom Jandarmebis winaaRmdeg warmoebuli

sisxlis samarTalwarmoeba gadaWarbebulad xangrZlivi iyo. isini

amtkicebdnen, rom maT ar miscemiaT SesaZlebloba dapirispirebodnen

braldebulebs, romlebic ar gamocxadebulan piradad saqmis ganmxilveli

sasamarTlos winaSe da xsenebulis sanacvlod Cvenebebi misces sisxlis

samarTlis sxva sasamarTloebs saolqo sasamarTlos werilobiTi miTiTebis

safuZvelze. ganmcxadeblebis azriT, xsenebulma maT waarTva sajaro mosmenis

gamarTvis ufleba. ganmcxadeblebi aseve amtkicebdnen, rom maT mimarT

ganxorcielda diskriminacia, radganac aucilebeli iyo administraciuli

organosagan nebarTvis miReba, imisaTvis, raTa gamoZieba aRZruliyo

jariskacebis winaaRmdeg. ganmcxadeblebis azriT xsenebuli arRvevda

konvenciis me-14 muxls me-6 muxlTan kavSirSi.

33. sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom ganmcxadeblebis saCivris arsi ZiriTadad exeba

maTi qaliSvilisaTvis sicocxlis uflebis warTmevasa da mkvlelobasTan

dakavSirebuli gamoZiebis savaraudo araefeqtianobas. amgvarad sasamarTlo

Sesaferisad miiCnevs yvela zemoxsenebuli saCivari ganixilos mxolod

konvenciis me-2 muxlis WrilSi, romlis Tanaxmadac:

“ 1. yoveli adamianis sicocxlis ufleba kanoniT aris daculi. aravis SeiZleba waerTvas

sicocxle ganzrax. sic. ocxlis warTmeva dasaSvebia mxolod sikvdilis sasjelis

aRsrulebis Sedegad, rac sasamarTlos ganaCeniT Seefarda mocemul pirs iseTi danaSaulis

CadenisaTvis, romlisTvisac kanoni iTvaliswinebs am sasjels.

2. sicocxlis warTmeva ar CaiTvleba am muxlis sawinaaRmdegod Cadenil qmedebad, Tu is

Sedegad mohyva Zalis gamoyenebis absolutur aucileblobas:

a) nebismieri piris dasacavad aramarTlzomieri Zaladobisagan;

b) kanonieri dakavebis an kanonierad dapatimrebuli piris gaqcevis aRsakveTad;

c) kanonier RonisZiebaTa ganxorcielebisas ajanyebis an amboxebis CasaxSobad.”

34. mTavroba ar daeTanxma ganmcxadeblis argumentebs.

a. daSvebadoba

35. mTavrobis azriT ganmcxadebels ar hqonda amowuruli samarTlebrivi

dacvis Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi saSualebebi, radganac ganmcxadeblebs ar

warudgeniaT

TavianTi

pretenziebi

erovnuli

sasamarTloebis

winaSe

(konvenciis 35-e muxlis 1-li da me-4 punqtebi). saqmeze Uca v. Turkey (no. 3743/06, 29

April 2008) dayrdnobiT, mTavroba acxadebda, rom ganmcxadeblebs SeeZloT

8

9

FADİME AND TURAN KARABULUT v. TURKEY JUDGMENT

aReZraT administarciuli samarTalwarmoeba da moeTxovaT saxelmwifosagan

kompensacia maTi qaliSvilis mkvlelobisaTvis.

36. ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom maT Seasrules maTze dakisrebuli

valdebuleba da amowures samarTlebrivi dacvis saSualebebi imiT, rom

oficialurad warudgines saCivari prokurors, CaerTvnen mxared sasamarTlo

samarTalwarmoebaSi

gadawyvetilebebi.

da

gaasaCivres

erovnuli

sasamarTloebis

37. sasamarTlo uaryofs mTavrobis pretenziis pirvel nawils, radganac

ganmcxadeblebma marTlac warudgines oficialuri saCivrebi xelisuflebis

kompetentur organoebs maTi qaliSvilis mkvlelobasTan dakavSirebiT (ix. me-

8 da me-11 punqtebi), CaerTvnen mxared sasamarTlo samarTalwarmoebaSi (ix. 24-

e

punqti) da gaasaCivres erovnuli sasamarTloebis mier gamotanili

gadawyvetilebebi (ix. me-9 da 30-e punqtebi).

38. mTavrobis pretenziasTan mimarTebiT, romelic exeba kompensaciasTan

dakavSirebuli proceduris ar gamoyenebas ganmcxadeblis mier, sasamarTlo

aRniSnavs, rom man ukve ganixila da uaryo mTavrobis analogiuri pretenzia

zemoxsenebul Uca–s gadawyvetilebaSi, romelic aseve exeboda sicocxlis

uflebas (ix. mutatis mutandis, Gasyak and Others v. Turkey, no. 7872/03, §§ 66-72, 2009 wlis

13 oqtomberi).

39. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTlo imeorebs, rom im saqmeebSi, romlebic

exeba sicocxlis warTmevas, xelisuflebis organoebs konvenciis me-2 muxlis

Tanaxmad ekisrebaT valdebuleba warmarTon efeqtiani gamoZieba, romlis

Sedegadac SesaZlebeli iqneba qmedebis Camden pirTa identificireba da

dasja. sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom valdebuleba iluziuri iqneba, Tuki

konvenciis me-2 muxlTan dakavSirebuli saCivrebis ganxilvis Semdgom,

ganmcxadebels mieniWeba mxolod gancdili zianis anazRaureba da amiT

moxdeba misi msxverplis statusis samarTlebrivi dakmayofileba (ix. mutatis

mutandis, Yaşa v. Turkey, 1998 wlis 2 seqtemberi, § 74, Reports of Judgments and Decisions

1998-VI; ix. aseve SedarebiT axali gadawyvetileba, Nikolova and Velichkova

v. Bulgaria, no. 7888/03, § 55, 2007 wlis 20 dekemberi da saqmeSi arsebuli

gadawyvetilebebi).

Tuki

aseTi

saxis

incidentebTan

dakavSirebiT

xelisuflebis

organoebis

reaqcia

mxolod

kompensaciis

gadaxdiT

Semoifargleba, es SesaZlebels gaxdis, rom garkveul SemTxvevebSi

xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebma daarRvion maTi kontrolis qveS myof pirTa

uflebebi virtualuri dausjelobiT, xolo mkvlelobasTan dakavSirebuli

zogadi samarTlebrivi valdebuleba ki, miuxedavad misi fundamenturi

mniSvnelobisa, araefeqtianad iqneba miCneuli praqtikaSi (Leonidis v. Greece, no.

43326/05, § 46, 2009 wlis 8 ianvari).

9

FADİME AND TURAN KARABULUT v. TURKEY JUDGMENT

10

40. zemoxsenebulis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlo uaryofs mTavrobis

pretenzias xsenebuli saCivris daSvebadobis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT.

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom saCivari ar aris aSkarad dausabuTebeli

konvenciis 35-e muxlis me-3 punqtis mniSvnelobiT. sasamarTlo aseve

aRniSnavs, rom ganacxadi ar SeiZleba dauSveblad gamocxaddes raime sxva

safuZvliT. Sesabamisad sasamarTlo arsebiT ganxilvaze daSvebulad

acxadebs ganacxads.

b. saqmis arsebiTi mxare

41. ganmcxadeblebi Ciodnen, rom maTi qaliSvili nermin karabulutis

sicocxlis ufleba dairRva. gamoZieba da sasamarTlo samarTalwarmoeba

sxvas arafers emsaxureboda Tu ara Jandarmebis gamarTlebas. ufro metic, ar

aRZrula

raime

saxis

sisxlis

samarTalwarmoeba

Jandarmebis

xelmZRvanelebTan mimarTebaSi, romlebmac faqtobrivad dagegmes es operacia.

42.

sasamarTlo

miiCnevs,

rom

sakasacio

sasamarTlos

winaSe

ganxorcielebuli samarTalwarmoeba, im nawilSi, romelic exeboda

6

Jandarmidan erT erTs, dasrulda 2008 wlis 22 dekembers, rodesac sakasacio

sasamarTlom ZalaSi datova gaufrTxilebel mkvlelobaSi msjavrdebis

gadawyvetileba (ix. 29-e punqti). darCenil 5 ganmcxadebels aseve daedoT

msjavri

imave

danaSaulis

CadenaSi,

saxeldobr

ki

gaufrTxilebel

mkvlelobaSi da sasjelis saxiT ganesazRvraT weliwadi da rva TviT

patimroba. eqvsive JandarmTan mimarTebiT sasjelis aRsruleba gadavadda (ix.

28-e da 30-e punqtebi).

43. sasamarTlo aseve dadgenilad miiCnevs im faqts, rom sivasis saolqo

sasamarTlom orjer daadgina, rom Jandarmebma gadaaWarbes TavianT

uflebamosilebas da ukanonod xelyves nermin karabulutis sicocxle. imis

nacvlad,

rom

sicocxlisaTvis

arasaxifaTo

sxeulis

nawilSi

ganexorcielebinaT srola, raTa Tavidan aecilebinaT sicocxlisaTvis

safrTxis Seqmna, Jandarmebma uknidan esroles nermin karabuluts. ufro

metic, Jandarmebma ar mimarTes alternatiul meTodebs, raTa daekavebinaT

gogona. xsenebuli daskvna sasamarTlosaTvis niSnavs imis arsebiTad

dadasturebas, rom nermin karabulutis mkvleloba ganxorcielda konvenciis

me-2 muxlis moTxovnaTa sawinaaRmdegod. xsenebuli daskvna aucilebels aRar

xdis, raTa sasamarTlom imsjelos imasTan dakavSirebiT, Jandarmebis mier

gamoyenebuli Zala absoluturad aucilebeli da gamarTlebuli iyo

konvenciis me-2 muxlis me-2 punqtis Sesabamisad, Tu ara. Sesabamisad,

sasamarTlos mier ganmcxadeblis pretenziis ganxilva Semoifargleba imis

gamokvleviT, xelisuflebis erovnulma organoebma jerovani misagebeli

RonisZiebebi ganaxorcieles Tu ara xsenebul darRvevasTan mimarTebaSi.

10

11

FADİME AND TURAN KARABULUT v. TURKEY JUDGMENT

amasTan dakavSirebiT, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom miuxedavad imisa, rom is

jariskacebi, romlebmac mokles nermin karabuluti, braleulad iqnen

cnobilni kanoniT dadgenili uflebamosilebebis gadaWarbebaSi, ramac

gamoiwvia gaumarTlebeli sikvdili, maT miesajaT erTi wliT da rva TviT

patimroba, romlis aRsrulebac, sxva rom aRaraferi vTqvaT, gadavadda.

44. xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT sasamarTlo imeorebs, rom me-2 muxli

saxelmwifos akisrebs valdebulebas daicvas sicocxlis ufleba efeqtiani

sisxlis samarTlebrivi debulebebis SemoRebiT, romlebic krZalaven

pirovnebis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli danaSaulis Cadenas, rasac unda amyarebdes

samarTaldamcveli organoebis sistema, romelmac unda moaxdinos am

danaSaulis Cadenis prevencia, Sekaveba da am debulebebis damrRvev pirTa

dasja (Osman v. the United Kingdom, 1998 wlis 28 oqtomberi, § 115, Reports 1998-VIII;

Mastromatteo v. Italy [GC], no. 37703/97, §§ 67 and 89, ECHR 2002-VIII; da Menson v. the United

Kingdom (dec.), no. 47916/99, ECHR 2003-V). me-2 muxliT dadgenili saxelmwifos

pozitiuri valdebuleba moiTxovs, rom erovnulma samarTlebrivma sistemam

gamoavlinos Tavisi SesaZlebloba, praqtikaSi ganaxorcielos sisxlis

samarTlis kanonmdebloba im pirTa winaaRmdeg, romelTac arakanonierad

waarTves sxvas sicocxle (Nachova and Others v. Bulgaria [GC], nos. 43577/98 da

43579/98, § 160, ECHR 2005-VII).

45. marTalia ar arsebobs imis absoluturi valdebuleba, rom yvela

gamoZieba damTavrdes msjavrdebiT an garkveuli sasjelis SefardebiT, magram

xelisuflebis erovnulma organoebma arcerT SemTxvevaSi ar unda dauSvan,

rom sicocxlis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli danaSaulebi dausjeli darCes.

xsenebuli mniSvnelovania sazogadoebis ndobis SesanarCuneblad, kanonis

uzenaesobis principis pativiscemisa da arakanonieri qmedebebis Sewynarebis

an miCqmalvis aRsakveTad (ix. mutatis mutandis, Öneryıldız v. Turkey [GC], no. 48939/99, §

96, ECHR 2004-XII; Okkalı v. Turkey, no. 52067/99, § 65, ECHR 2006-XII (amonaridebi); da

Türkmen v. Turkey, no. 43124/98, § 51, 2006 wlis 19 dekemberi).

46. marTalia strasburgis sasamarTlo ar ereva erovnuli sasamarTloebis

mier arasaTanado mopyrobisa da mkvlelobis SemTxvevebSi gamosatani

sasjeli SerCevaSi, magram sasamarTlom garkveulwilad unda Seafasos da

Caerios iseT saqmeebSi, rodesac Cadenil qmedebasa da dakisrebul sasjels

Soris aSkara Seusabamobaa (ix. Nikolova and Velichkova, zemoxsenebuli saqmeebi §

61).

47. winamdebare saqmeSi, marTalia erovnuli kanonmdebloba uflebas aZlevda

saqmis ganmxilvel sasamarTlos, rom mas Seefardebina ufro maRali sanqcia

– 6 wlamde patimroba – sasamarTlom Jandarmebs Seufarda minimaluri

sanqcia, romelic gaTvaliswinebuli iyo sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT

11

FADİME AND TURAN KARABULUT v. TURKEY JUDGMENT

12

gaufrTxilebeli mkvlelobisaTvis, xolo SemdgomSi ki SeaCera yvela

JanmdarmTan mimarTebaSi sasjelis aRsruleba. aSkarad araproporciuli

sasjelis dakisrebiT, rasac kidev ufro auaresebda samarTalwarmoebis

xangrZlivoba,

saqmis

ganmxilvelma

sasamarTlom

gamoiyena

Tavisi

uflebamosileba da diskrecia raTa Seemcirebina mZime danaSauliT

gamowveuli Sedegebi, imis magivrad, rom warmoeCina, rom aseTi saxis

qmedebebi arcerT SemTxvevaSi ar SeiZleboda yofiliyo Sewynarebuli

(zemoxsenebuli Okkalı –s saqme §75).

48. daskvnis saxiT sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom sisxlis samarTlis sistema,

romelic gamoyenebul iqna narmin karabulutis mkvlelobis saqmesTan

dakavSirebiT, ar iyo adeqvaturi da mas Zalian mcire Semakavebeli efeqti

gaaCnda, romelsac SeeZlo uzrunveleyo iseT arakanonier qmedebaTa efeqtiani

aRkveTa, romlebsac asaCivrebdnen ganmcxadeblebi.

Sesabamisad dairRva konvenciis me-2 muxli.

II. konvenciis me-3 muxlis savaraudo darRveva

49. ganmcxadeblebi Ciodnen, rom Jandarmebis mier maTi qaliSvilis

mkvlelobam isini dauqvemdebara araadamianur da Rirsebis Semlaxvel

mopyrobas, rac akrZalulia konvenciis me-3 muxliT da romlis Tanaxmadac:

“aravin SeiZleba daeqvemdebaros wamebas an araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxvel mopyrobas an

sasjels”

50. sasamarTlos winaSe wardgenil komentarebSi mTavroba ar Sexebia

xsenebul pretenzias.

51. miuxedavad imisa, rom sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom ganmcxadeblebis

qaliSvilis mkvlelobam, ganmcxadeblebs mniSvnelovani tanjva miayena, igi

mainc miiCnevs, rom am konteqstSi ar arsebobs me-3 muxlis darRvevis

dadgenis safuZveli (ix. gauCinarebis saqmeSi sawinaaRmdego gadawyvetileba

Tanlı v. Turkey, no. 26129/95, § 159, ECHR 2001-III (amonaridebi)).

52. Sesabamisad sasamarTlo adgens, rom es pretenzia aSkarad dausabuTebelia

da uaryofil unda iqnes konvenciis 35-e muxlis me-3 da me-4 punqtebis

Sesabamisad.

12

13

FADİME AND TURAN KARABULUT v. TURKEY JUDGMENT

konvenciis 41-e muxlis gamoyeneba

53. konvenciis 41-e muxlis Tanaxmad:

“Tu sasamarTlo daadgens, rom dairRva konvencia da misi oqmebi, xolo Sesabamisi maRali

xelSemkvreli mxaris Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi samarTali darRvevis mxolod nawilobrivi

gamosworebis SesaZleblobas iZleva, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTlo dazaralebul

mxares samarTlian dakmayofilebas miakuTvnebs.”

a. ziani

54. ganmcxadeblebi acxadebdnen, rom sivasis saolqo sasamarTlos winaSe

daswrebisaTvis, maT mouxdaT xarjebis gaReba, romelic utoldeboda 30 000

evros. ganmcxadeblebi iTxovdnen xsenebul Tanxas gancdili materialuri

zianis asanazRaureblad.

55. mTavrobis azriT xsenebuli pretenzia safuZvels iyo moklebuli.

56. ganmcxadeblebi aseve moiTxovdnen 100 000 evros gancdili moraluri

zianis asanazRaureblad.

57. mTavroba Tvlida, rom moTxovnili Tanxa dauSveblad maRali iyo da

amtkicebda, rom xsenebuli Tanxis mikuTvneba gamoiwvevda ganmcxadeblebis

usamarTlo gamdidrebas.

58. sasamarTlo ver xedavs raime saxis mizezobriv kavSirs ganxorcielebul

darRvevasa da moTxovnil materialur zians Soris; amitom sasamarTlo

uaryofs xsenebul pretenzias. Tumca imsjela ra Tanasworobis safuZvelze,

sasamarTlo akuTvnebs ganmcxadeblebs 60 000 evros moraluri zianis

asanazRaureblad.

b. xarjebi da gaweuli danaxarjebi

59. ganmcxadeblebi aseve iTxovdnen 22 000 evros xarjebisa da gaweuli

danaxarjebis asanazRaureblad, romelTa gaRebac maT mouxdaT erovnuli

sasamarTloebis,

iseve

rogorc,

strasburgis

sasamarTlos

winaSe

ganxorcielebuli samarTalwarmoebisas. TavianTi pretenziis gasamyareblad

ganmcxadeblebma advokatebTan dadebuli ori xelSekruleba warmoadgines

romlis saerTo Tanxac iyo 30 000 Turquli lira (daaxloebiT 17 000 evro).

darCenil 5000 evros ganmcxadeblebi iTxovdnen sxvadasxva gaweuli xarjis

dasafarad, rogoric aris erovnuli sasamarTloebis winaSe wardgomis

mizniT samarTlebrivi warmomadgenlis mgzavrobis xarjebi, safosto xarjebi,

sakancelario, aslebis gadaRebis, faqsisa da TargmanTan dakavSirebuli

xarjebi. rac Seexeba pretenziis am ukanasknel nawils, ganmcxadeblebma

13

FADİME AND TURAN KARABULUT v. TURKEY JUDGMENT

14

warudgines sasamarTlos qviTari daaxloebiT 1700 Turqul liraze

(daaxloebiT 1000 evro).

60. mTavroba Tvlida, rom Tanxis miniWeba ar unda momxdariyo erovnul

doneze ganxorcielebul samarTalwarmoebasTan dakavSirebuli xarjebisa da

gaweuli danaxarjebisaTvis. mTavrobis azriT yvela xarji da gaweuli

danaxarji, romlis anazRaurebasac ganmcxadeblebis moiTxovdnen, ar iyo

Sesabamisi dokumentebiT gamyarebuli.

61. sasamarTlos precedentuli samarTlis Tanaxmad, ganmcxadebels ufleba

aqvs miiRos anazRaureba xarjebisa da gaweuli danaxarjebisaTvis mxolod im

moculobiT, ra moculobiTac mas SeuZlia daadasturos, rom maTi gaReba

moxda realurad da aucileblobidan gamomdinare da es xarjebi gonivruli

iyo

Tavisi

moculobiT.

erovnul

doneze

ganxorcielebul

samarTalwarmoebasTan dakavSirebul xarjebsa da gaweul danaxarjebTan

dakavSirebuli argumentis sapasuxod, sasamarTlo imeorebs, rom im

SemTxvevaSi Tuki igi daadgens, rom adgili hqonda konvenciis darRvevas, mas

SeuZlia

miakuTvnos

ganmcxadebels

Tanxebi

xarjebisa

da

gaweuli

danaxarjebis asanazRaureblad, romelTa gaRebac mas mouxda erovnuli

sasamarTloebis winaSe, raTa aRkveTiliyo konvenciiT garantirebuli

uflebis darRveva an misagebeli mieRo ganxorcielebul darRvevasTan

mimarTebiT (ix. Société Colas Est and Others v. France, no. 37971/97, § 56, ECHR 2002-III, da

masSi moxseniebuli saqmeebi). winamdebare saqmeSi ganmcxadeblebma konvenciiT

uzrunvelyofili uflebis darRvevasTan dakavSirebuli arsebiTi saCivriT

mimarTes, rogorc pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos, aseve saapelacio

instanciis sasamarTlos (ix. me-8, me-11 da 29-e punqtebi). zemoxsenebulidan

gamomdinare, sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom ganmcxadeblebs gaaCndaT safuZvliani

pretenzia xarjebisa da gaweuli danaxarjebis kuTxiT, romelTa gaRebac maT

mouxdaT erovnul doneze.

62. sasamarTlom mxedvelobaSi miiRo mis winaSe warmodgenili nawilobrivi

dokumentacia da zemoxsenebuli kriteriumebi, da gadawyvita miekuTvnebina

ganmcxadeblebisaTvis 4000 evro xarjebisa da gaweuli danaxarjebis

dasafarad.

g. sauravi

63. sasamarTlo Sesaferisad Tvlis, rom sauravi ganisazRvros evropis

centraluri bankis mier dadgenili minimaluri nixriT, rasac unda daematos

Tanxis sami procenti.

14

15

FADİME AND TURAN KARABULUT v. TURKEY JUDGMENT

xsenebuli mizezebidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlom erTxmad

1. gamoacxada konvenciis me-2 muxlTan dakavSirebuli pretenziebi arsebiT

ganxilvaze daSvebulad da arsebiT ganxilvaze dauSveblad gamoacxada

ganacxadis darCenili nawili;

2. daagina, rom dairRva konvenciis me-2 muxli;

3. daadgina

(a) rom mopasuxe saxelmwifom konvenciis 44-e muxlis me-2 punqtis

Sesabamisad gadawyvetilebis ZalaSi Sesvlidan 3 TveSi ganmcxadeblebs

erToblivad unda gadauxados 60000 (samoci aTasi evro) plius

nebismieri gadasaxadi, romliTac SeiZleba es Tanxa daibegros,

moraluri zianis asanazRaureblad da 4000 evro (oTxi aTasi evro)

xarjebisa da gaweuli danaxarjebis asanazRaureblad, plius nebismieri

gadasaxadi, romliTac SeiZleba daibegros ganmcxadebeli. xsenebuli

Tanxebi gadayvanil unda iqnes Turqul lirebSi gadaxdis dRisaTvis

arsebuli oficialuri kursiT.

(b) rom zemoxsenebuli 3 Tviani vadis gasvlis Semdgom gadaxdis dRemde

sauravi unda iqnes gadaxdili im moculobiT, rac utoldeba evropuli

bankis sesxisaTvis gankuTvnil minimalur procents, romelsac unda

daematos sam procentiani ganakveTi

4. uaryofs ganmcxadeblis sxva pretenziebs samarTlian dakmayofilebasTan

dakavSirebiT.

Sesrulebulia inglisur da frangul enebze, da gacxadebulia werilobiTi

saxiT 2010 wlis 27 maiss sasamarTlos reglamentis 77-e muxlis me-2 da me-3

punqtebis Sesabamisad

sali dole

registratori

fransuaza tulkensi

Tavmjdomare

15