kurti TurqeTis winaaRmdeg

KURT V. TURKEY

saqmis faqtobrivi mxare

8. momCivani, q-ni koCeri kurti, aris TurqeTis moqalaqe, dabadebuli 1927 wels da

dResdReobiT cxovrobs q. bismilSi, samxreT-aRmosavleT TurqeTSi. im movlenebis dros,

romlebmac gamoc man komisias saCivriT mimarTa, is cxovrobda axlomdebare sofel agiliSi.

misi saCivari komisiisadmi wardgenil iqna misi da misi Svilis, uzeir kurtis saxeliT,

romelic, rogorc momCivani varaudobs, ugzo-ukvlod gauCinarda garemoebebSi, romlebic

mopasuxe saxelmwifos akisrebs pasuxismgeblobas.

9. momCivanis Svilis gauCinarebasTan dakavSirebuli faqtebi sadavoa.

10. komisiaSi saqmis ganxilvis dros misi saCivris arsebiTi nawilis Taobaze momCivanis mier

warmodgenili faqtebi moyvanilia qvemoT, nawilSi A. faqtebis es CamonaTvali aseve moicavs

momCivanis mtkicebas, rom is da misi advokati xelisuflebis organoebma daaSines

komisiisadmi saCivriT mimarTvis gadawyvetilebis gamo.

11. mTavrobis mier wardgenili faqtebi moyvanilia nawilSi B.

13. komisiam, momCivanis Svilis gauCinarebis garemoebasTan dakavSirebuli faqtebis

dasadgenad, Caatara sakuTari gamoZieba konvenciis 28-e muxlis 1(a) punqtis Sesabamisad.

komisiam Seiswavla momCivanisa da mTavrobis mier maTi Sesabamisi argumentebis mxardasaWerad

wardgenili dokumentebi da daniSna sami warmomadgeneli ankaraSi 8 da 9 Tebervals

Catarebul sxdomaze mowmeTa Cvenebebis mosasmenad. komisiis mier mtkicebulebis Sefaseba da

daskvnebi Sejamebulia nawilSiE.

A. momCivanis mier wardgenili faqtebi

1. momCivanis Svilis gauCinarebasTan dakavSirebiT

14. 1993 wlis 23-25 noembers, uSiSroebis Zalebma, Jandarmeriisa da soflis gvardiis

ramdenime wevris SemadgenlobiT, Caatares operacia sofel agiliSi. 1993 wlis 23 noembers,

dazvervisagan sofelSi sami teroristis yofnis Sesaxeb informaciis miRebis Semdeg

uSiSroebis Zalebma daikaves poziciebi soflis irgvliv. amas mohyva ori Setakeba. sofelSi

gatarebuli ori dRis ganmavlobaSi maT yvela saxli gaCxrikes. operaciis ganmavlobaSi

aTidan Tormetamde saxli daiwva, maT Soris momCivanisa da ali da mevlud kurtebis,

momCivanis Svilis mamidis, saxlebi.

15. momCivanis TqmiT, 1994 wlis 24 noembers, daaxloebiT SuadRis 12 saaTze jariskacebma

skolis ezoSi Sekribes soflis macxovreblebi, isini eZebdnen momCivanis Svils, uzeir

kurts, romelic SekrebilTa Soris ar imyofeboda. is imaleboda Tavisi deidis, mevludis

saxlSi. rodesac jariskacebma hkiTxes ainur kurts, uzeir kurtis Svils, Tu sad

imyofeboda mamamisi, ainurma upasuxa, rom is Tavisi deidis saxlSi imyofeboda. jariskacebi

mividnen mevludis saxlSi davut kurtis, momCivanis vaJiSvilis TanxlebiT da uzeiri

saxlidan gamoiyvanes. uzeirma Rame gaatara hasan kiliCis saxlSi jariskacebTan erTad. 1993

wlis 25 noembris diliT, momCivans bavSvma Seatyobina, rom uzeiri iTxovda misTvis

sigaretis mitanas. momCivanma wamoiRo sigareti da naxa uzeiri hasan kiliCis saxlis win,

daaxloebiT aTi jariskacisa da oTxi Tu eqvsi soflis guSagis garemocvaSi. mas saxe

gasiebuli da WrilobebiT savse hqonda, TiTqos nacemi yofiliyo. uzeirma momCivans uTxra,

1

rom scioda. momCivanma moitana misi qurTuki da windebi. jariskacebma mas darCenis neba ar

darTes, ris Semdegac momCivani ukan dabrunda. es iyo ukanaskneli SemTxveva, rodesac man

uzeiri naxa. momCivani amtkicebs, rom misi Svili amis Semdeg arsad unaxavT.

17. 1993 wlis 24 dekembers momCivanma mimarTa diarbakiris adamianis uflebaTa asociacias

daxmarebisaTvis da gaakeTa gancxadeba misi Svilis gauCinarebasTan dakavSirebul

garemoebebze.

2. daSinebasTan da saCivriT mimarTvis uflebiT sargeblobisTvis xelis SeSlasTan

dakavSirebiT

(a) momCivanis mimarT

19. momCivani amtkicebs, rom 1994 wlis 11 maiss saCivriT komisiisadmi mimarTvis Semdeg,

saxelmwifo xelisuflebis organoebis mier mis mimarT xorcieldeboda

mizani iyo momCivanis iZuleba uari eTqva saCivarze.

kampania, romlis

20. 1994 wlis 19 noembers momCivani gamoiZaxes Cvenebis misacemad bismilis prokurorTan,

diarbakiris mTavari prokuroris instruqciiT. am Cvenebis dros is daikiTxa 1993 wlis 24

dekembers diarbakiris adamianis uflebaTa asociaciisaTvis micemuli gancxadebisa (ix. zemoT,

punqti 17) da komisiisadmi wardgenili saCivris Taobaze. prokurorisadmi micemul CvenebaSi

momCivanma uaryo uSiSroebis Zalebis mier soflis macxovrebelTa wameba, rasac Seicavda

diarbakiris adamianis uflebaTa asociaciisadmi gakeTebuli gancxadeba, aseve uaryo am

ukanasknelSi gakeTebuli miTiTeba misi Svilis wamebis Sesaxeb. man adamianis uflebaTa

asociacias ubralod ganucxada, rom misi Svilis saxe gamoiyureboda imgvarad, TiTqosda is

SeSupebuli iyo.

24. 1995 wlis 10 agvistos momCivanma kidev erTi gancxadeba gaakeTa bismilis notariusis

winaSe, romlis mizani iyo komisiisadmi saCivarze uaris Tqma. miuxedavad imisa, rom

momCivans ar aiZules notariusisTvis raimes Tqma da man ganacxada is, rac surda

Caweriliyo, is amtkicebs, rom gancxadebebi ar gamoxatavda mis nebas da rom mas ar hqonda

maTi Sinaarsis gadamowmebis saSualeba.

B. mTavrobis mier warmodgenili faqtebi

1. momCivanis Svilis gauCinarebis Taobaze

27. imisda miuxedavad, rom operacia udavod sofelSi Catarda da moxda ramdenime Setakeba

uSiSroebis Zalebsa da teroristebs Soris, uzeir kurti uSiSroebis Zalebs ar

daukavebiaT. is warsulSi arasodes yofila dakavebuli, arc raime problemebi hqonia

xelisuflebis organoebTan da arc misi dakavebis raime mizezi arsebobda.

28. mTavrobis mtkicebiT, arsebobs safuZveli varaudisa, rom uzeir kurti SeuerTda

qurTistanis muSaTa partias (PKK) an motacebul iqna am ukanasknelis mier. soflis

macxovreblebmac ganacxades, rom is savaraudod PKK-m moitaca.

29. mehmet karabulutma ankraSi Catarebul sxdomaze komisiis delegatebis winaSe misca

Cveneba imis Taobaze, rom pirveli Setakebis momdevno Rames uzeirs mevludis saxlSi (ix.

zemoT, punqti 15) eZina, magram diliT, rodesac man gaiRviZa, uzeiri iq aRar iyo. mTavroba

xazgasmiT aRniSnavs, rom mehmet karabulutma misca Cveneba, rom mas ar daunaxavs

jariskacebi mevludis saxlSi da arc maTi xmebi gaugia, rac adasturebs im faqts, rom

uzeiri sakuTari nebiT wavida.

2

30. erTaderTi piri, romelic amtkicebs, rom naxa uzeiri aRniSnuli movlenebis Semdeg,

aris momCivani, romlis Cvenebebi Seusabamo, urTierTgamomricxveli da dausabuTebelia.

31. mTavroba gansakuTrebiT xazs usvams imas, rom hasan kiliCma JandarmebisTvis 1994 wlis

7 dekembers micemul CvenebaSi daadastura is faqti, rom momCivani mivida mis saxlSi,

daelaparaka Tavis Svils, romelmac wina Rame iq gaatara da Semdeg wavida masTan erTad.

jariskacebi uzeirTan erTad ar wasulan.

32. momCivanis mier movlenebis aRweraSi arsebuli Seusabamobisa da urTierTgamomricxavi

faqtebis damatebiT dadasturebis mizniT, mTavroba miuTiTebs im braldebebze, romlebic

momCivanma Tavdapirvelad moiyvana komisiisadmi wardgenil saCivarSi da romelTa mixedviTac

jariskacebma amowyvites saqoneli, gaZarcves da scemes soflis macxovreblebi.

delegatebisadmi Cvenebis micemisas momCivanma aRiara, rom es braldebebi araswori iyo.

2. daSinebasTan da saCivriT mimarTvis uflebiT sargeblobisTvis xelis SeSlasTan

dakavSirebiT

33. mTavroba amtkicebs, rom momCivans ar ganucdia zewola, romlis mizani iqneboda ar mieca

Cvenebebi delegatebisadmi.

34. mTavroba acxadebs, rom momCivanma garkveviT aRniSna, rom mas ar surda saxelmwifos

winaaRmdeg Civili. mas mxolod Svilis moZebna surda da swored am mizniT mimarTa

diarbakiris adamianis uflebaTa asociacias.

35. mTavrobis mtkicebiT, momCivans manipulirebas uwevdnen diarbakiris adamianis uflebaTa

asociaciis warmomadgenlebi, romelTac daamaxinjes momCivanis mier micemuli informacia

misi Svilis gauCinarebis Taobaze da wamoayenes dausabuTebeli braldebebi, rom

jariskacebma, inter alia, daxoces da gaanadgures soflis macxovrebelTa saqoneli iq

Catarebuli operaciis ganmavlobaSi, gaZarcves isini da awames skolis ezoSi Tavmoyrili

pirebi (ix. zemoT, punqti 32).

D. samarTalwarmoeba erovnuli xelisuflebis organoebSi

39. 1993 wlis 30 noembers momCivanma saCivriT mimarTa bismilis prokurors, rivdan

ildirims. saCivarSi aRniSnuli iyo, rom momCivanis Svili mis sofelSi Jandarmebsa da PKK-

s Soris momxdari Setakebis Semdeg daakaves da rom is Svilis bedze wuxda. momCivani

iTxovda Svilis adgilsamyofelisa da mdgomareobis Sesaxeb informaciis miRebas. imave dRes

prokurorma saCivari olqis Jandarmeriis xelmZRvanelobas gadasca da werilobiT mosTxova

maT Sesabamisi informaciis miwodeba.

40. 1993 wlis 4 dekembriT daTariRebuli weriliT kapitanma quralma, olqis Jandarmeriis

meTaurma, bismilis saolqo Jandarmeriis xelmZRvanelobis saxeliT acnoba bismilis

prokuraturas imis Taobaze, rom uzeir kurti ar daukavebiaT da varaudobdnen, rom is

gatacebul iqna teroristebis mier.

42. 1993 wlis 14 dekembers momCivanma saCivriT mimarTa diarbakiris erovnuli uSiSroebis

sasamarTlos mTavar prokurors. masSi naTqvami iyo, rom misi Svili, uzeiri Jandarmebma

daakaves oci dRis win da vinaidan amis Semdeg ar miuRia masze cnobebi, is Svilis bedze

wuxda. momCivanma iTxova miwodeboda informacia misi vaJis adgilsamyofelis Sesaxeb. imave

dRes mTavarma prokurorma saCivris qvemoT miawera, rom saxeli - uzeir kurti, ar

moipoveboda dakavebulTa siebSi.

43. 1993 wlis 15 dekembers momCivanma bismilis

prokurors meore saCivriT mimarTa,

romelic misi 14 dekembris saCivris identuri iyo. prokurorma masze miawera Txovna

3

Jandarmeriis raionuli xelmZRvanelobisaTvis miewodebinaT momCivanisaTvis moTxovnili

informacia.

44. 1994 wlis 21 marts bismilis prokurorma saqmis aRZvraze uari ganacxada.

gadawyvetilebaSi momCivani moxseniebulia ganmcxadeblad da uzeir kurti - dazaralebulad.

danaSauli kvalificirebulia akrZaluli organizaciis wevrobad da piris gatacebad, xolo

eWvi mis CadenaSi mitanil iqna PKK-ze. gadawyvetilebis teqstis Tanaxmad, PKK-sa da

uSiSroebis Zalebs Soris momxdari Setakebis Semdeg PKK-s wevrebma datoves sofeli da

gaitaces aRniSnuli dazaralebuli. vinaidan es danaSauli eqvemdebareba erovnuli

uSiSroebis sasamarTloTa iurisdiqcias, saqme ar iqna miRebuli da gadaegzavna diarbakiris

erovnuli uSiSroebis sasamarTlos sxva masalebTan erTad.

E. komisiis mier mtkicebulebaTa Sefaseba da dadgenili faqtebi

45. komisiam ganixila momCivanisa da mTavrobis mier maTi Sesabamisi argumentebis

mxardasaWerad miwodebuli dokumenturi mtkicebulebebi (ix. zemoT, punqtebi 37 da 38).

amis garda, ankaraSi 1996 wlis 8 da 9 dekembers Catarebul sxdomaze komisiis delegatebma

moismines mowmeTa zepiri Cvenebebi.

3. komisiis mier dadgenili faqtebi

47. komisiam daadgina, rom samxedro operaciis msvlelobasTan dakavSirebuli werilobiTi

da zepiri mtkicebulebebi ZiriTadad Tanmimdevruli iyo. dadgenil iqna, rom 24 noembris

diliT soflis macxovreblebs Tavi mouyares skolis ezoSi da Semdeg Catarda maTi

saxlebis Cxreka. uSiSroebis Zalebsa da wina saRamos sofelSi Semosul teroristebs Soris

Setakebebis Sedegad daiwva ramdenime saxli, maT Soris momCivanisa da misi Svilis saxlebi.

25 noembers soflis macxovreblebi kvlav Sekribes skolis ezoSi. operaciis dros momxdar

SetakebebSi daiRupa sami teroristi da uSiSroebis Zalebis erTi TanamSromeli. soflis

Tormeti macxovrebeli daakaves 24 noembers da gaaTavisufles 26 noembers. uSiSroebis

Zalebma sofeli 25 noembers datoves.

48. komisiam daadgina, rom uzeir kurti imyofeboda sofel agiliSi 1993 wlis 23 noembris

saRamos da rom man biZisa da mamidis, ali da mevlud kurtis saxlSi gaatara Rame PKK-sa

da uSiSroebis Zalebs Soris momxdari Setakebis gamo.

49. aseve dadginda, rom 1993 wlis 24 noembris diliT, rodesac uSiSroebis Zalebma Tavi

mouyares soflis macxovreblebs skolis ezoSi, uzeir kurti maT Soris am imyofeboda.

50. hasan kiliCi amtkicebs, rom uzeir kurtma datova misi saxli dedamisTan erTad 1993

wlis 25 noembris diliT iq Ramis gatarebis Semdeg, xolo momCivani aRniSnavs, rom misi

Svili jariskacebTan erTad iyo soflis macxovreblebis skolis ezoSi dRisiT TavSeyris

dros. momCivanma is ukanasknelad naxa, rodesac sigareti da tansacmeli hasan kiliCis

saxlSi, sadac uzeiri uSiSroebis Zalebis patimrobaSi imyofeboda. momCivanis Cveneba,

ZiriTadad, Seesabameboda mis Tavdapirvel gancxadebas, romelic miRebul iqna diarbakiris

adamianis uflebaTa asociaciis mier 1993 wlis 24 dekembers, aseve mis Semdgom

gancxadebebsa da mtkicebulebebs... komisia sinanuliT aRniSnavs, rom hasan kiliCi ar

gamocxadda sxdomaze Cvenebis misacemad. im nawilebSi, sadac misi werilobiTi Cveneba

ewinaaRmdegeba momCivanisas, romelmac zepiri Cveneba misca delegatebis winaSe, komisiam

upiratesoba momCivans mianiWa, romelic, delegatebis TvalsazrisiT, sando da damajerebeli

iyo.

4

51. komisiam ar CaTvala, rom mTavrobis mier momCivanis Cvenebis kritika sakmarisi iyo mis

sandoobaSi eWvis Sesatanad.

53. komisiam daadgina, rom momCivani namdvilad darwmunebuli iyo, rom misi Svili

uSiSroebis Zalebma daakaves, ris Semdegac is ”gauCinarda”, da rom ar arsebobda imis

varaudis safuZveli, rom momCivanis Cveneba ganpirobebuli iyo misi surviliT, ar daedo

brali PKK-Tvis an ar eRiarebina maTi monawileoba. misdami wardgenili mtkicebulebis

Sefasebis Sedegad, komisiam irwmuna momCivanis Cveneba, rom man Svili 1993 wlis 25

noembris dilas hasan kiliCis saxlis gareT jariskacTa da soflis gvardiis wevrTa alyaSi

naxa. komisiam daadgina, rom es iyo ukanaskneli SemTxveva, rodesac is misi ojaxis romelime

wevrma an soflis romelime macxovrebelma naxa.

II. Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi kanonmdebloba da praqtika

A. sakonstitucio debulebebi administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis Sesaxeb

56. TurqeTis konstituciis 125-e muxli iTvaliswinebs:

”administraciuli xelisuflebis yvela qmedeba an gadawyvetileba eqvemdebareba sasamarTlo

gadasinjvas ... administraciuli xelisufleba valdebulia aanazRauros misi qmedebebiTa da

miRebuli zomebiT gamowveuli ziani.”

57. es debuleba ar eqvemdebareba raime SezRudvebs sagangebo mdgomareobis an omis

SemTxvevaSic ki.

B. sisxlis samarTali da procesi

58. TurqeTis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi danaSaulad acxadebs Semdeg qmedebebs:

- piris Tavisuflebis ukanonod aRkveTa (zogadad 179-e muxli, 181-e muxlis moxeleebTan

dakavSirebiT),

- damuqreba (muxli 191),

- piris wameba an misdami arasaTanado mopyroba (muxlebi 243 da 245).

yvela am danaSaulis mimarT saCivari SeiZleba waredginos, sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 151-

e da 153-e muxlebis Tanaxmad, prokurors an adgilobrivi administraciuli xelisuflebis

organoebs. prokurorsa da policias gaaCniaT maTTvis Setyobinebul danaSaulTa gamoZiebis

valdebuleba; prokurori wyvets saqmis aRZvris sakiTxs, sisxlis samarTlis saproceso

kodeqsis 148-e muxlis Tanaxmad. momCivans SeuZlia gaasaCivros prokuroris gadawyvetileba

saqmis aRZvraze uaris Taobaze.

saqmis ganxilva komisiaSi

73. 1995 wlis 22 maiss komisiam saCivari misaRebad miiCnia. 1996 wlis 5 dekembris

angariSSi komisiam gamoTqva mosazreba, rom adgili hqonda me-5 muxlis darRvevas momCivanis

Svilis gauCinarebasTan dakavSirebiT (erTsulovnad); rom adgili hqonda me-3 muxlis

darRvevas momCivanis mimarT (cxrameti xmiT xuTis winaaRmdeg); rom ar iyo aucilebeli

momCivanis Svilis mimarT konvenciis me-2 da me-3 muxlebis Tanaxmad gakeTebuli saCivrebis

cal-calke ganxilva (erTsulovnad); rom adgili hqonda me-13 muxlis darRvevas momCivanis

mimarT (erTsulovnad); rom adgili ar hqonia konvenciis me-14 da me-18 muxlebis darRvevas

5

(erTsulovnad); da rom TurqeTma ar Seasrula Tavisi valdebulebebi konvenciis 25-e

muxlis pirveli punqtis Tanaxmad (erTsulovnad).

samarTlebrivi mxare

II. mTavrobis meore winaswari protesti

79. miuxedavad imisa, rom mTavrobam es sakiTxi ar aRniSna Tavis werilobiT SesagebelSi,

man, saqmis ganxilvis dros, iseve rogorc komisiaSi saqmis miRebis stadiaze, gamoTqva

mosazreba, rom momCivans ar amouwuravs erovnuli kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli

xelmisawvdomi da efeqturi saSualebebi. am safuZvliT, misi saqmis miRebaze uari unda

iTqvas konvenciis 26-e muxlis moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT.

80. mTavrobis TqmiT, momCivans ar gausaCivrebia xelisuflebis organoebis is

gadawyvetilebebi, romlebiTac, pirvel rigSi, dadginda, rom misi Svili ar daukavebiaT

sofelSi da meore, rom is amJamadac ar iyo dakavebuli. momCivanma Tavad aRiara, rom saqmis

arc erT stadiaze masze ar mouxdeniaT zewola erovnul sasamarTloTa iurisdiqciis

gamoyenebaze uaris saTqmelad. TurqeTis samarTali iTvaliswinebda araerT samarTlebriv

saSualebas, Tu is darwmunebuli iyo, rom misi Svilis gauCinarebaze saxelmwifo iyo

pasuxismgebeli.

81. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom mTavrobam winaswari protesti waradgina ara SesagebelSi,

aramed mxolod sxdomaze da, maSasadame, sasamarTlos wesebis (A) 48-e wesis pirveli

punqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli vadis darRveviT; es debuleba iTvaliswinebs:

”mxarem, romelsac surs gamoTqvas winaswari protesti, unda waradginos gancxadeba, romelSic

moyvanilia protesti da misi mizezebi araugvianes im droisa, rodesac mxare Tavmjdomares

Seatyobinebs Tavis ganzraxvas ar waradginos werilobiTi Sesagebeli an, alternativis saxiT,

araugvianes 37-e wesis pirveli punqtiT pirveli werilobiTi Sesagebelis wardgenisaTvis dadgenili

saboloo vadisa.”

82. Sesabamisad, wardgenili protesti uaryofil unda iqnes (ix. 1998 wlis 24 martis

gadawyvetileba saqmeSi - olsoni SvedeTis winaaRmdeg (#1), seria A # 130, gv. 28, punqti

56).

83. garda amisa, amasTan dakavSirebiT sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom q-ma kurtma gaakeTa

yvelaferi, risi gakeTebac SeiZleboda qveynis SigniT saCivris dakmayofilebisaTvis. man

orjer mimarTa bismilis prokurors: pirvelad 1993 wlis 30 noembers da meored 1993

wlis 15 dekembers (ix. zemoT, punqti 39-43). xelisuflebis organoebs saqmis arc erT

stadiaze auRiaT misgan Cveneba, miuxedavad imisa, rom momCivani daJinebiT amtkicebda misi

Svilis dakavebis faqts sofelSi jariskacebsa da PKK-s Soris momxdari Setakebebis

Semdeg... xelisuflebis organoebis mier misi saCivris Taobaze raime efeqturi gamoZiebis

Cautareblobis gamo, momCivanis mxridan azri ar hqonda mTavrobis mier maT argumentebSi

aRwerili

samarTlebrivi

saSualebebidan

romelimesTvis

mimarTvas.

sasamarTlos

TvalsazrisiT, es mizezebi TavisTavad sakmarisi iqneboda imisaTvis, rom precedentuli

samarTlis gaTvaliswinebiT (ix., sxva wyaroebs Soris, 1996 wlis 16 seqtemberis

gadawyvetileba saqmeSi - akdivari da sxvebi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, gadawyvetilebebisa da

dadgenilebebis angariSi 1996-IV, gv. 1210-11, punqtebi 65-69) sasamarTlos daedgina, rom

arsebobda gansakuTrebuli garemoebebi, romlebic momCivans aTavisuflebdnen Sidasaxelmwifo

saSualebebis amowurvis valdebulebisagan da abaTilebdnen mTavrobis protests am mxriv.

6

III. konvenciis me-2, me-3 da me-5 muxlebis savaraudo darRveva momCivanis Svilis mimarT

A. faqtebis dadgena

2. sasamarTlos Sefaseba

94. sasamarTlo dasawyisSive aRniSnavs, rom komisiis 31-e muxlis Tanaxmad wardgenili

moxsenebidan aSkarad Cans, rom komisiam dawvrilebiT Seiswavla Seusabamobebi rogorc

momCivanis CvenebebSi, ise mTavrobis sapasuxo gancxadebebSi.

95. rogorc faqtebis damdgeni damoukidebeli organo, romelsac unda ganexila ZiriTadad

momCivanis,

rogorc

TviTmxilvelis

Cvenebebze

dafuZnebuli

braldeba,

komisiam

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba miaqcia momCivanis sandoobas da imas, Tu ramdenad sworad

axsovda mas 1993 wlis 25 noembris movlenebi. mxedvelobaSi unda iqnes miRebuli is faqti,

rom ankaraSi Catarebul sxdomaze momCivani safuZvlianad daikiTxa delegatebisa da

mTavrobis warmomadgeneli iuristebis mier. miuxedavad imisa, rom arsebobda garkveuli

Seusabamoba diarbakiris adamianis uflebaTa asociaciisadmi gakeTebul gancxadebasa (ix.

zemoT, punqti 50) da delegatebisaTvis micemul zepir Cvenebas Soris, momCivani

xelisuflebis organoebTan yoveli kontaqtis dros uryevad amtkicebda, rom man dainaxa

Tavisi Svili jariskacebisa da soflis gvardielTa garemocvaSi.

96. sasamarTlos azriT, komisiam saTanadod Seafasa mis winaSe wardgenili yvela

mtkicebuleba da awon-dawona elementebi, romlebic, erTi mxriv, mxars uWerdnen momCivanis

Cvenebas da, meore mxriv, eWvis qveS ayenebdnen mis sandoobas an damajereblobas. miuxedavad

imisa, rom hasan kiliCi ar gamocxadda komisiis delegatebTan Cvenebis misacemad, misi

werilobiTi Cveneba, romelsac ZiriTadad eyrdnoboda mTavroba am saqmeSi, komisiam

gansakuTrebuli sifrTxiliT Seiswavla momCivanis CvenebasTan erTad (ix. zemoT, punqti 50).

mniSvnelovania, rom b-n kiliCis Cveneba arsebiTad arasworad iqna miCneuli da misi

gamoucxadebloba, momCivanisgan gansxvavebiT, niSnavda imas, rom arc misi sandooba, rogorc

mowmisa, da arc misgan Jandarmebis mier aRebuli Cvenebis mtkicebulebiTi faseuloba ar

SeiZleba Semowmebuliyo SejibrebiTobis safuZvelze.

97. amis garda, mTavrobis mosazreba imis Taobaze, rom momCivanis Svili gaitaca PKK-m an

datova sofeli teroristebis jgufSi Sesvlis mizniT, yuradRebiT iqna Seswavlili

komisiis mier. es mosazreba ZiriTadad efuZneboda soflis macxovreblebisgan swored im

Jandarmebis mier aRebul Cvenebas, romelTa winaaRmdegac Cioda momCivani (ix. zemoT, punqti

38) da es Cvenebebi komisiam, savsebiT marTebulad, minimaluri mtkicebulebiTi safasuris

mqoned miiCnia.

98. sasamarTlo mxareebs Seaxsenebs, rom, misi precedentuli samarTlis Tanaxmad, faqtebis

dadgena da damowmeba warmoadgens, upirveles yovlisa, komisiis saqmes (konvenciis 28-e

muxlis pirveli punqti da 31-e muxli). imisda miuxedavad, rom komisiis mier dadgenili

faqtebi ar aris savaldebulo sasamarTlosTvis da mas SeuZlia Tavad Seafasos saqmis mis

xelT arsebuli masalebi, is Tavis uflebamosilebas am sferoSi mxolod gansakuTrebul

SemTxvevebSi iyenebs (ix., magaliTad, 1995 wlis 27 seqtembris gadawyvetileba saqmeSi mak-

kani da sxvebi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg, seriaA # 324, gv. 50, punqti 169).

99. sasamarTlos azriT, arsebobs sakmarisi faqtobrivi da mtkicebulebiTi safuZveli,

komisias eWvgareSe daeskvna, rom momCivanma namdvilad naxa Tavisi Svili kiliCis saxlTan

1993 wlis 25 noembris diliT, rom is garSemortymuli iyo jariskacebisa da soflis

gvardielebiT da rom mas Semdeg is aravis unaxavs.

B. muxli 2

7

100. momCivanis mtkicebiT, arsebobda araerTi faqtori, romlebic miuTiTebda imaze, rom misi

Svili konvenciis me-2 muxlis darRvevis msxverpli gaxda; es muxli iTvaliswinebs:

”1. yoveli piris sicocxlis ufleba daculi unda iyos kanoniT. aravis SeiZleba ganzrax waerTvas

sicocxle, garda im SemTxvevebisa, roca sruldeba sasamarTlos ganaCeni, romliTac pirs msjavri

dades danaSaulisaTvis, romlisTvisac kanoniT aseTi sasjelia gaTvaliswinebuli.

2. sicocxlis warTmeva ar CaiTvleba am muxlis darRveviT ganxorcielebulad, rodesac is

warmoadgens Zalis gamoyenebis Sedegs, romelic absoluturad aucilebelia:

(a) nebismieri piris dasacavad ukanono Zaladobisagan;

(b) kanonieri dakavebis gansaxorcieleblad an kanonierad dakavebuli piris gaqcevis Tavidan

asacileblad;

(c) amboxebis an ajanyebis CasaxSobad kanonierad miRebuli zomebis dros.”

106. sasamarTlo Tavidanve amaxvilebs yuradRebas imaze, rom man komisiis mier dadgenilad

aRiara faqti 1993 wlis 25 noembers momCivanis Svilis jariskacTa da soflis gvardiis

wevrTa mier dakavebis Taobaze. mas Semdeg, misi adgilsamyofelis an bedis Sesaxeb raime

informaciis miRebis gareSe, TiTqmis oTxnaxevari weliwadi gavida. am garemoebebSi, momCivani

safuZvlianad SiSobs, rom misi Svili SeiZleba gardacvliliyo misi damkaveblebis xelSi

patimrobis dros, romelsac mTavroba ar aRiarebs. misi mtkicebiT, arsebobs damajerebeli

mizezebi im daskvnis gamosatanad, rom is marTlac mokles.

107. amasTanave, komisiis msgavsad, sasamarTlomac gansakuTrebuli sifrTxiliT unda

Seiswavlos, arsebobs Tu ara konkretuli mtkicebulebebi, romelTa safuZvelze SeiZleba

eWvgareSe davaskvnaT, rom momCivanis Svili xelisuflebis organoebma mokles misi sofelSi

dakavebis dros an Semdgom. sasamarTlo aseve aRniSnavs, rom im saqmeebSi, romlebSic man

daadgina, rom me-2 muxlis Tanaxmad monawile saxelmwifos gaaCnda pozitiuri valdebuleba

Caetarebina am saxelmwifos warmomadgenlebis mier Cadenili, savaraudod, ukanono

mkvlelobis efeqturi gamoZieba, arsebobda cecxlsasroli iaraRiT fataluri Wrilobis

miyenebis konkretuli mtkicebuleba, rasac SeeZlo am valdebulebis dakisreba (ix.,

zemoaRniSnuli gadawyvetileba saqmeSi - mak-kani da sxvebi; aseve 1998 wlis 19 Tebervlis

gadawyvetileba saqmeSi - kaia TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, angariSi 1998-I).

108. am mxriv unda aRiniSnos, rom momCivanis mtkicebuleba mTlianad efuZneba misi Svilis

Tavdapirveli dakavebidan gamomdinare varaudebs, rasac mxars uWers

mopasuxe

saxelmwifoSi, misi mtkicebiT, farTod gavrcelebuli gauCinarebis, dakavebulTa mimarT

arasaTanado mopyrobisa da sasamarTlo ganxilvis gareSe mkvlelobebis praqtikis zogadi

analizi. sasamarTlo, Tavis mxriv, miiCnevs, rom es argumentebi TavisTavad ver aanazRaurebs

ufro damajerebeli mtkicebulebebis ararsebobas, romlebic daamtkicebda, rom momCivanis

Svili marTlac gardaicvala patimrobaSi. rac Seexeba momCivanis arguments imis Taobaze,

rom farTodaa gavrcelebuli, inter alia, me-2 muxlis darRvevebi, sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom

momCivanis mtkicebulebebi ar aris sakmarisi am varaudis dasadastureblad.

109. zemoaRniSnuli mosazrebebidan gamomdinare sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom momCivanis

mtkiceba, rom mopasuxe saxelmwifom ver Seasrula misi Svilis sicocxlis dacvis

valdebuleba aseT garemoebebSi, unda Sefasdes konvenciis me-5 muxlis TvalTaxedviT.

C. me-3 muxli momCivanis Svilis mimarT

110. momCivani, me-2 muxlisadmi misi midgomis msgavsad, amtkicebs, rom misi Svili aris

mopasuxe saxelmwifos mier me-3 muxlis darRvevis msxverpli, romelic iTvaliswinebs:

8

”aravin unda daeqvemdebaros wamebas an araadamianur an damamcirebel mopyrobas an sasjels.”

116. sasamarTlo eTanxmeba komisiis daskvnas da miuTiTebs im mizezebze, romelTa gamoc man

uaryo me-2 muxlis darRvevis Taobaze momCivanis argumentebi (ix. zemoT, punqtebi 107-09).

kerZod, momCivans ar warudgenia raime konkretuli mtkicebuleba imisa, rom misi Svili

udavod iyo arasaTanado mopyrobis msxverpli me-3 muxlis darRveviT; mas aseve ar daurTavs

raime mtkicebuleba Tavisi varaudis gasamarTleblad, rom mopasuxe saxelmwifoSi arsebobs

oficialurad miRebuli gauCinarebisa da dakavebulTa mimarT arasaTanado mopyrobis

praqtika.

117. sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom momCivanis saCivari mopasuxe saxelmwifos mier misi Svilis

mimarT Cadenili me-3 muxlis savaraudo darRvevebis Taobaze, me-2 muxlis analogiurad,

ganxilul unda iqnes me-5 muxlis TvalTaxedviT.

D. me-5 muxli

118. momCivani miiCnevs, rom misi Svilis gauCinarebas Sedegad mohyva konvenciis me-5 muxlis

ramdenime darRveva; am muxlis Sesabamisi debulebebi ase ikiTxeba:

”...”

119. momCivani amtkicebs, rom misi Svilis dakavebis faqtis araRiareba niSnavs imas, rom mas

Tavisufleba aRekveTa TviTneburad, me-5 muxlis pirveli punqtis darRveviT. is amtkicebs,

rom xelisuflebis mier misi Svilis adgilsamyofelis da bedis damalvam moaqcies is

kanonis farglebs gareT da mas, Sesabamisad, ar hqonda me-5 muxlis me-2, me-3, me-4 da me-5

punqtebiT gaTvaliswinebuli dacvis garantiebiT sargeblobis SesaZlebloba.

120. mTavroba amtkicebs, rom momCivanis mtkiceba misi Svilis gauCinarebis Taobaze ar

efuZneba mtkicebulebas da ar dadasturda xelisuflebis organoebis mier Catarebuli

gamoZiebiT. Sesabamisad, me-5 muxlis safuZelze saqmis ganxilva saWiro ar iyo.

121. komisiam miiCnia, rom imis gaTvaliswinebiT, Tu ra didi mniSvneloba eniWeba me-5 muxlis

debulebebiT gaTvaliswinebul garantiebs me-2 da me-3 muxliT garantirebuli uflebebis

pativiscemis uzrunvelsayofad, momCivanis Svilis gauCinarebam wamoayena me-5 muxlTan

dakavSirebuli fundamenturi xasiaTis da seriozuli sakiTxebi. daadgina ra, rom uzeir

kurti uSiSroebis Zalebma

daakaves 1993 wlis 25 noembers, komisiam miiCnia, rom

savaraudod, xelisuflebis organoebi pasuxismgebelni iyvnen mis Semdgom bedze. maT SeeZloT

am varaudis gabaTileba mxolod momCivanis Svilis gauCinarebis sando da dasabuTebuli

axsna-ganmartebis wardgeniT da imis CvenebiT, rom maT miiRes efeqturi zomebi misi

gauCinarebis gamosaZieblad da misi bedis dasadgenad. komisiam daaskvna, rom am moTxovnebidan

arc erTi ar iqna dakmayofilebuli saqmis garemoebebSi. swored am mizeziT komisiam

daadgina, rom uzeir kurtis aRiarebis gareSe dakaveba da Semdgomi gauCinareba warmoadgenda

me-5 muxlis garantiebis uxeS ignorirebas.

122. sasamarTlo Tavidanve aRniSnavs me-5 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli garantiebis

mniSvnelobas demokratiul sazogadoebaSi piris uflebis uzrunvelsayofad, iyos

Tavisufali xelisuflebis organoebis mxridan TviTneburi dakavebisgan. swored amis gamo

sasamarTlom Tavis precedentul samarTalSi bevrjer gausva xazi imas, rom Tavisuflebis

nebismieri aRkveTa ara mxolod unda ganxorcieldes erovnuli kanonmdeblobis materialuri

da saproceso normebis Sesabamisad, aramed unda Seesabamebodes me-5 muxlis mizansac daicvas

piri TviTnebobisgan (ix., inter alia, 1996 wlis 15 noembris gadawyvetileba saqmeze - Cahali

gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg, angariSi 1996-V, gv. 1864, punqti 118). uflebamosilebiT

9

borotad sargeblobisgan piris dacvis did mniSvnelobas adasturebs is, rom me-5 muxlis

pirveli punqti zRudavs garemoebebs, romelTa arsebobis drosac pirs SeiZleba kanonierad

aRekveTos Tavisufleba. aRsaniSnavia, aseve, rom imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom isini piradi

Tavisuflebis yvelaze fundamenturi garantiidan gamonakliss warmoadgens, isini viwrod

unda iyos ganmartebuli (ix, mutatis mutandis, 1995 wlis 22 martis gadawyvetileba saqmeSi

- quini safrangeTis winaaRmdeg seria A #311, gv. 17, punqti 42).

123. aseve yuradsaRebia, rom konvenciis avtorebma ganamtkices piris dacva Tavisuflebis

TviTneburi aRkveTisagan materialur uflebaTa garantirebiT, romlebic gamiznulia

TviTneburobis safrTxis SemcirebisaTvis, Tavisuflebis aRkveTis aqtis moqceviT

damoukidebeli sasamarTlo kontrolis qveS da am aqtisTvis xelisuflebis organoTa

pasuxismgeblobis uzrunvelyofiT. me-5 muxlis me-3 da me-4 punqtebis moTxovnebs, romlebic

proceduris siCqares da sasamarTlo kontrols moicavs, am konteqstSi gansakuTrebuli

mniSvneloba gaaCnia. sasamarTlos dauyovneblivma Carevam saqmeSi SeiZleba daadginos da

aRkveTos sicocxlisaTvis safrTxis Semqmneli zomebis an arasaTanado mopyrobis SemTxvevebi,

romlebic arRvevs konvenciis me-2 da me-3 muxliT gaTvaliswinebul fundamentur garantiebs

(ix., mutatis mutandis, zemoaRniSnuli gadawyvetileba aqsois saqmeSi, gv. 2282, punqti 76). aq

sasworze devs rogorc piris fizikuri Tavisufleba, ise misi piradi usafrTxoebis dacva

iseT garemoebebSi, romlebSic, Sesabamisi garantiebis arsebobis gareSe, SeiZleba Sedegad

kanonis uzenaesobis xelyofa da dakavebulTa yovelgvari samarTlebrivi dacvis gareSe

datoveba mohyves.

124. sasamarTlo xazs usvams im faqts, rom dakaveba da dapatimreba amis aRiarebis gareSe

warmoadgens am garantiebis srul uaryofas da me-5 muxlis yvelaze uxeS darRvevas. pirze

kontrolis damyarebis Semdeg xelisuflebis organoebi pasuxismgebelni arian mis bedsa da

adgilsamyofelze. am mizezis gamo SeiZleba miviCnioT, rom me-5 muxli xelisuflebis

organoebisgan moiTxovs efeqturi zomebis miRebas gauCinarebis safrTxis aRsakveTad da

swrafi da efeqturi gamoZiebis Catarebas, rodesac vinme amtkicebs, rom piri daakaves da

mas Semdeg is aravis unaxavs.

125. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom man gaiziara komisiis daskvna, rom uzeir kurti daakaves

jariskacebma da soflis gvardielebma 1993 wlis 25 noembris diliT. misi dakaveba ar

aRuricxavT da oficialurad aravin icis misi Semdgomi adgilsamyoflis an bedis Sesaxeb.

Tavad es faqti yvelaze seriozul darRvevad unda miviCnioT, vinaidan is Tavisuflebis

aRkveTaze pasuxismgebel pirebs aZlevs maTi danaSaulSi monawileobisa da kvalis damalvis,

aseve dakavebulis bedze pasuxismgeblobis Tavidan acilebis saSualebas. sasamarTlos azriT,

aRricxvis ararseboba iseT sakiTxebze, rogoricaa dakavebis TariRi, dro da adgili,

dakavebulis saxeli, dakavebis mizezebi da misi ganmaxorcielebeli piris saxeli, konvenciis

me-5 muxlis uSualo mizanTan Seusabamod unda CaiTvalos.

126. metic, sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom momCivanis mier misi Svilis sofelSi dakavebis

Taobaze daJinebuli mtkicebis gaTvaliswinebiT, prokurors meti yuradReba unda mieqcia

momCivanis gancxadebis ufro safuZvlianad gamoZiebis saWiroebisTvis. sisxlis samarTlis

saproceso kodeqsis Tanaxmad, mas gaaCnda amis uflebamosileba (ix. zemoT, punqti 58).

amasTan, man ar mosTxova momCivans aexsna, Tu ratom iyo is ase darwmunebuli imaSi, rom

misi Svili dakavebuli iyo. mas arc werilobiTi gancxadebis wardgena mosTxoves da arc

zepiri Cvenebis micema. arada, es saSualebas miscemda prokurors daepirispirebina sofelSi

Catarebul operaciaSi monawile samxedro mosamsaxureTa Cvenebebi momCivanis, rogorc

TviTmxilvelis, CvenebasTan. Tumca amgvari gamoZieba arasodes Catarebula da sofelSi

operaciis ganxorcielebisas myof jariskacebs an soflis gvardiis wevrebs Cvenebebi ar

CamoerTvaT. prokurors ar surda ukeT gamoekvlia Jandarmeriis mtkiceba, rom dakavebis

10

CanawerebSi araferi iyo naTqvami uzeir kurtis sofelSi dakavebaze da arc mis patimrobaze.

man yovelgvari eWvis gareSe gaiziara Sexeduleba, rom uzeir kurti savaraudod gaitaca

PKK-m samxedro operaciis dros. aman gansazRvra misi Semdgomi damokidebuleba gamoZiebis

mimarT, rac safuZvlad daedo gadawyvetilebas iurisdiqciis arqonis Taobaze.

127. sasamarTlo, komisiis msgavsad miiCnevs, rom varaudi PKK-s monawileobis Taobaze

momCivanis Svilis gauCinarebaSi moklebulia raime myar da damajerebel safuZvels. es

varaudi zedmetad swrafad iqna wardgenili Jandarmeriis mier raime Tanmxlebi

mtkicebulebis gareSe; aseve ar SeiZleba miviCnioT, rom 1994 wlis 28 Tebervals

JandarmebisTvis soflis sami macxovreblis micemulma Cvenebam daadastura is, rac,

sinamdvileSi, iyo ubralo varaudi uzeir kurtis bedis Sesaxeb. soflis macxovreblebisadmi

dasmuli SekiTxvebi imgvarad iyo formulirebuli, rom maTze gacemul pasuxebs PKK-s mier

gatacebis varaudisTvis sandooba SeematebinaT (ix. zemoT, punqti 18). amas garda, rogorc

ukve aRiniSna (ix. zemoT, punqti 97), mTavrobis mtkiceba, rom momCivanis Svilma datova

sofeli im mizniT, rom PKK-s wevri gamxdariyo, aseve moklebulia raime myar

mtkicebulebiT safuZvels.

128. am mosazrebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlo askvnis, rom xelisuflebis organoebma

sarwmunod da dasabuTebulad ver axsnes momCivanis Svilis adgilsamyofeli da bedi misi

sofelSi dakavebis Semdeg da arc

gamouZiebiaT momCivanis mtkiceba, rom misi Svili

dakavebuli iyo da rom is SiSobda mis bedze. saxelmwifom, romelic pasuxismgebeli iyo

momCivanis Svilis bedze, ver Seasrula es valdebuleba, ase rom unda miviCnioT, rom is

dakavebuli iyo dakavebis faqtis aRiarebis gareSe me-5 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli

garantiebis sruli ararsebobis pirobebSi.

129. aqedan gamomdinare, sasamarTlo, komisiis msgavsad adgens, rom adgili hqonda me-5

muxliT garantirebuli piris Tavisuflebisa da usafrTxoebis uflebis gansakuTrebiT uxeS

darRvevas, rac uzeir kurtis bedze seriozuli SeSfoTebis safuZvels qmnis.

aRniSnuli mizezebis safuZvelze sasamarTlo:

1. uaryofs, erTsulovnad, mTavrobis winaswar protests, romelic exeba momCivanis saCivris

kanonierebas;

2. uaryofs, erTsulovnad, mTavrobis winaswar protests imis Taobaze, rom ar

amowurula

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli saSualebebi;

3. adgens, erTsulovnad, rom ar aris saWiro momCivanis mier me-2 muxlis safuZvelze

wardgenili saCivris ganxilva;

4. adgens, erTsulovnad, rom ar aris saWiro momCivanis mier me-3 muxlis safuZvelze

wardgenili saCivris ganxilva;

5. adgens, eqvsi xmiT samis winaaRmdeg, rom adgili hqonda konvenciis me-5 muxlis darRvevas;

6. adgens, eqvsi xmiT samis winaaRmdeg, rom adgili hqonda konvenciis me-3 muxlis darRvevas

Tavad momCivanis mimarT;

7. adgens, Svidi xmiT oris winaaRmdeg, rom adgili hqonda konvenciis me-13 muxlis

darRvevas;

8. adgens, erTsulovnad, rom adgili ar hqonia konvenciis me-14 muxlis darRvevas me-2, me-3

da me-5 muxlebTan kavSirSi;

9. adgens, erTsulovnad, rom adgili ar hqonia konvenciis me-18 muxlis darRvevas;

10. adgens, eqvsi xmiT samis winaaRmdeg, rom mopasuxe saxelmwifom ar Seasrula Tavisi

valdebulebebi 25-e muxlis pirveli punqtis Tanaxmad;

11