hudi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg

HOODV. THE UNITEDKINGDOM

I. saqmis faqtobrivi mxare

7. momCivani, devid hudi, aris britaneTis moqalaqe, dabadebuli 1970 wels. igi cxovrobs

gaerTianebul samefoSi. qvemoT aRwerili movlenebis dros, igi msaxurobda rigiTad

britaneTis armiis regularul jarSi.

8. saqmisTvis mniSvnelovani movlenebis ganviTarebamde, momCivanma germaniaSi samjer

TviTneburad datova Tavisi samxedro nawili. mesame SemTxvevamde, mas samxedro sasamarTlom

winaswari patimroba Seufarda SeuracxyofisaTvis (SemdgomSi brali moexsna). mesamed

gamgzavrebis Semdeg, igi nawilSi ar gamocxadda TiTqmis ornaxevari wlis ganmavlobaSi,

xolo, 1993 wlis dekemberSi igi Cabarda samoqalaqo policias.

A.

momCivanis dakaveba da gasamarTleba samxedro sasamarTlos mier

9. 1994 wlis 11 maiss momCivani orkviriani Svebulebis Semdeg nawilSi ar dabrunda

(meoTxejer unebarTvod nawilis datoveba). 1994 wlis 27 noembers igi sakuTar saxlTan

daakava samoqalaqo policiam. 1994 wlis 28 noembers samxedro eskortis TanxlebiT igi

miiyvanes bromptonis yazarmaSi. evropis sasamarTlos winaSe mxareebma sadavod miiCnies is

faqti, warudgines Tu ara momCivani meTaurs 1994 wlis 29 noembers, rogorc amas

iTvaliswinebda 1972 wlis samxedro Sinaganawesis me-4 wesi (ix. punqti 29 qvemoT).

10. momCivani Caketil patimrobaSi imyofeboda samxedro sasamarTlos mier misi saqmis

ganxilvamde. igi moTavsebuli iyo sakanSi guSagis meTvalyureobis qveS, im SemTxvevebis

garda, rodesac igi ramdenjerme gadaiyvanes saavadmyofoSi fsiqiatriuli daxmarebis

aRmosaCenad.

11. 1994 wlis dekemberSi an miaxloebiT am periodSi momCivans ecnoba, rom Sobis

dResaswaulis Semdeg mas waradgendnen samxedro nawilis adiutantis winaSe. man Sobis

dResaswaulamde daiqirava advokati, romelic momsaxurebas uwevda 1995 wlis 17 ianvramde.

1995 wlis 4 ianvars momCivani wardga nawilis adiutantis winaSe. mas zogadad gaacnes

mtkicebulebaTa CamonaTvali, uTxres waekiTxa es dokumenti da Seemowmebina, iyo Tu ara igi

swori. momCivans misces gafrTxileba samxedro Sinaganawesis me-10 wesis Sesabamisad (ix.

punqti 32 qvemoT).

12. Tavdapirveli advokatis rCevisamebr, momCivanma moamzada Tavisi Cveneba da misi megobari

gogonasganac moipova igi. es Cvenebebi Sedgenil iqna Sesabamisad 1995 wlis 4 da 19 ianvars.

amis Semdeg samxedro sasamarTlom, romelsac Tavmjdomareobda misi meTauri, momCivans

Seufarda winaswari patimroba. momCivanma samxedro xelisuflebis organoebs sTxova

iuridiuli daxmarebis gaweva. sabraldebo daskvna, daTariRebuli 1995 wlis 25 ianvriT da

xelmowerili meTauris mier, romelic Sedgenili iyo sasamarTlos momwvevi samxedro

moxelis saxeliT, iTvaliswinebda or braldebas nawilis unebarTvod datovebasTan

dakavSirebiT da or dezertirobis faqts, samxedro Zalebis Sesaxeb 1955 wlis kanonis

Sesabamisad.

13. miuxedavad imisa, rom momCivani mis axal damcvels Tebervlis dasawyisSi daukavSirda, am

ukanasknelma momCivanis sasargeblod muSaoba daiwyo mxolod 1995 wlis 14 Tebervlis

Semdgom, rodesac gamoica Tavdacvis saministros brZaneba momCivanisTvis iuridiuli

daxmarebis gawevis Sesaxeb.

1

14. 1995 wlis 17 martiT daTariRebuli uwyebiT, mowveul iqna saolqo samxedro

sasamarTlo, romelsac unda ganexila momCivanis winaaRmdeg wayenebuli brali. sxdoma

Catarda 1995 wlis 3 da 4 aprils. sxdomaze samxedro prokuroris TanaSemwed gamovida

nawilis adiutanti. momCivanma, romelic sxdomaSi monawileobda damcvelTan erTad, Tavi

damnaSaved ar cno.

15. samxedro sasamarTlos sxdomaze momCivanis advokatma gaasaCivra is faqti, rom

momCivanisa da misi megobari gogonas Cvenebebi gamoyenebuli iyo mtkicebulebad (policiisa

da sisxlissamarTlebrivi mtkicebulebebis Sesaxeb 1984 wlis kanonis 78-e muxlis

safuZvelze). mosamarTlem (moismina ra samxedro nawilis adiutantisa da momCivanis

advokatis sityva) daadgina, rom 1972 wlis samxedro Sinaganawesis me-10 muxli ar

darRveula.

momCivanis

iuridiuli

warmomadgenlobisa

da

daculi

procedurebis

gaTvaliswinebiT, mosamarTlem aRniSna, rom is ver xedavda “SesaZlebeli iyo Tu ara kidev

ufro samarTliani mopyroba” da amitom man uari Tqva momCivanis moTxovnis dakmayofilebaze.

mosamarTlem sxdomis msvlelobisas, aseve ganmarta, rom “SegviZlia dadasturebul faqtad

miviCnioT, rom adiutanti an adiutantis TanaSemwe uflebamosilia gamovides prokurorisa

an prokuroris TanaSemwis rolSi nebismier samxedro sasamarTloSi”. momCivani damnaSaved

iqna cnobili nawilis TviTneburi datovebis or braldebasa da dezertirobis erT

braldebaSi, dezertirobis darCenili erTi braldeba miCneul iqna erT-erTi “TviTneburi

datovebis” SemTxvevis nawilad. mas miusajes 8 TviT Tavisuflebis aRkveTa da samxedro

samsaxuridan gaTavisufleba. Caketil patimrobaSi yofnis periodi CaiTvala sasjelis vadaSi.

16. msjavrdebis dadasturebisa da gamamtyunebeli ganaCenis gamoqveynebis Semdeg, momCivanma

saCivriT mimarTa samxedro kolegias. 1995 wlis 13 ivlisis weriliT samxedro kolegiam

mas acnoba, rom saCivari ar dakmayofilda. amis Semdgom momCivanma droebiT gaTavisuflebis

Sesaxeb gancxadebiT mimarTa samxedro saapelacio sasamarTlos mosamarTles, romelmac 1995

wlis 13 seqtembers gancxadeba ar daakmayofila. es gadawyvetileba 1996 wlis 18 marts

ZalaSi datova samxedro saapelacio sasamarTlom.

B.

warmoeba habeas corpus-is safuZvelze

17. momCivanis patimrobaSi yofnis 72-e dRe miaxloebiT daemTxva 1995 wlis 7 Tebervals.

amitom, 1972 wlis samxedro Sinaganawesis me-6 wesisa da dedoflis dadgenilebis 6.045(c)

punqtis Tanaxmad (ix. punqtebi 31 da 38 qvemoT), sxdomis momwvevma sasamarTlo moxelem

1995 wlis

3

Tebervals gamoitana dadgenileba, romelsac Tan erTvoda umaRlesi

mTavarsardlis Tanxmoba, momCivanis patimrobis gaxangrZlivebis Sesaxeb, raTa “Tavidan

yofiliyo acilebuli misi gaqceva” sasamarTlo sxdomamde (e.w. “dayovnebis pataki”).

18. moiTxova ra patakis asli da xelisuflebis organoebs ganucxada habeas corpus-is

safuZvelze saCivris Setanis survilis Taobaze, momCivanis advokatma saCivari aRZra 1995

wlis 17 Tebervals, romelSic igi ZiriTadad asaCivrebda patakis Sedgenis kanonierebas.

momCivanis advokatma patakis asli miiRo 1995 wlis 20 Tebervals, ris Semdegac umaRles

sasamarTloSi aRZrul saqmes axali gancxadebebi daurTo.

19. 1995 wlis 21 Tebervals umaRlesma sasamarTlom saCivari ar daakmayofila. sasamarTlom

daadgina, inter alia, rom pataki droulad da moTxovnaTa dacviT iyo Sedgenili.

II.

Sesabamisi Sida kanonmdebloba da praqtika

20. zemoT aRweril movlenaTa ganviTarebis momentSi, samxedro mosamsaxureTa dakavebisa da

maT mimarT samarTalwarmoebis Sesaxeb normebi mocemuli iyo 1995 wlis kanonSi

SeiaraRebuli Zalebis Sesaxeb (SemdgomSi “1955 wlis kanoni”), 1972 wlis samxedro

2

SinaganawesSi (SemdgomSi “1972 wlis Sinaganawesi”) da 1975 wlis dedoflis samxedro

dadgenilebaSi (SemdgomSi “dedoflis dadgenileba”).

21.samxedro sasamarTlos mier . momCivanis gasamarTlebis Semdeg kanonmdebloba Seicvala.

A.

dakaveba

22. samxedro samarTlis qvemdebare piris dakavebis Taobaze brZanebas, romelsac brali edeba

dezertirobaSi an samxedro nawilis unebarTvod datovebaSi, gamoscems am piris uSualo

meTauri. brZaneba egzavneba samoqalaqo policias. brZanebis Sesabamisad dakavebuli piri

SeZlebisdagvarad swrafad unda gadaeces samxedro xelisuflebas (1955 wlis kanonis 190A

muxli).

B.

braldebaTa gamoZieba da dapatimreba

23. amasTan dakavSirebuli wesebi gansxvavdeba imis mixedviT, braldebuli piri serJanti,

rigiTia Tu oficeri. pirvel SemTxvevaSi, (romelic qvemoT aris aRwerili), uSualo

meTauris uflebamosileba gamoZiebisa da braldebis mxardaWeris saqmeSi ufro farToa.

1.

1955 wlis kanoni

24. dezertiroba da nawilis TviTneburad datoveba danaSauladaa aRiarebuli 1955 wlis

kanoniT. dezertiroba isjeba ganusazRvreli vadiT, (rac damokidebulia saqmis ganmxilveli

samxedro

sasamarTlos

uflebamosilebaze),

xolo,

TviTneburi

datovebisTvis

gaTvaliswinebuli maqsimaluri sasjeli aris ori wliT Tavisuflebis aRkveTa.

25. 1955 wlis kanonis 75-e muxli adgens, rom dakavebuli samxedro samarTlis qvemdebare

piris mimarT arsebuli eWvi gamoZiebul unda iqnes usafuZvlo dayovnebis gareSe da rac

SeiZleba swrafad unda daiwyos samarTalwarmoeba mis dasasjelad an is unda

gaTavisufldes. amasTan, Tu dakavebis periodi grZeldeba 8 dReze meti xnis ganmavlobaSi

samxedro sasamarTlos mier saqmis ganxilvis gareSe, am piris uSualo meTauri adgens

pataks (“dayovnebis pataki”) patimrobis gagrZelebis aucileblobis Taobaze da ugzavnis

kanoniT gansazRvrul uwyebas. aseTi pataki unda gaigzavnos yovel 8 dReSi igive wesiT da

igive uwyebas, sanam ar gaimarTeba samxedro sasamarTlos sxdoma, saqme ganxiluli ar iqneba

gamartivebuli wesiT an braldebuli ar gaTavisufldeba.

26. yvela mtkiceba, rom samxedro samarTlis qvemdebare pirma Caidina 1955 wlis kanoniT

gaTvaliswinebuli danaSauli, braldebis saxiT unda ecnobos am piris uSualo meTaurs.

samarTalwarmoebis dawyebamde, meTaurma unda gamoiZios isini (76-e muxli).

27. gamoZiebis Semdgom, braldeba, (romlis ganxilvac gamartivebuli wesiT dauSvebelia),

SeiZleba moixsnas, Tu meTauri Tvlis, rom samarTalwarmoebis gagrZeleba saWiro ar aris.

2.

1972 wlis Sinaganawesi

29. 1972 wlis Sinaganawesis me-4 wesi adgens, rom rodesac piri dakavebulia samxedro

uwyebis mier, misma meTaurma, garda im SemTxvevisa, rodesac es mizanSewonili ar aris, 48

saaTSi im momentidan, rodesac man Seityo piris dakavebis Sesaxeb, unda uzrunvelyos, rom

es piri waradginon mis winaSe, gaacnos mis mimarT wayenebuli brali da daiwyos saqmis

gamoZieba. Tu gamoZieba ar daiwyo 48 saaTis ganmavlobaSi, meTaurma saqmis mdgomareobis

Sesaxeb unda moaxsenos zemdgom pirs, aseve unda moaxsenos gamoZiebis dayovnebis mizezebi

(me-4 wesis me-2 punqti).

31. dauSvebelia braldebuli piris dapatimreba zedized, 72 dReze meti xnis ganmavlobaSi

samxedro sasamarTlos mier misi saqmis ganuxilvelad, garda im SemTxvevisa, Tu sxdomis

3

momwvevi sasamarTlo moxele gamoitans motivirebul werilobiT dadgenilebas braldebulis

patimrobis vadis gagrZelebis Sesaxeb (me-6 wesi).

32. me-10 wesis pirveli punqti adgens, rom mtkicebulebebis CamonaTvals adgens dakavebulis

meTauri an meTauris mier daniSnuli sxva oficeri.

33. braldebulis Cveneba, (maT Soris, dacvis mxaris mier gamoZaxebuli mowmeebis Cvenebebi)

unda daerTos mtkicebulebebis CamonaTvals, rogorc misi ganuyofeli nawili (me-10 wesis

me-4 punqti).

34. sasamarTlo ganxilvisTvis saqmis gadagzavnamde meTaurma, sxva RonisZiebaTa Soris, me-13

wesis Tanaxmad, zemdgom organos unda gaugzavnos mis mier xelmowerili sabraldebo

daskvnis proeqti, mtkicebulebebis CamonaTvali, braldebulis daxasiaTeba, informacia misi

yofaqcevis Sesaxeb samxedro samsaxuris periodSi da rekomendacia imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu

rogor unda ganxorcieldes samarTalwarmoeba (magaliTad, raionul samxedro, Tu saerTo

samxedro sasamarTloSi). braldebaTa mxardaWeris sakiTxze saboloo gadawyvetilebas iRebs

sxdomis momwvevi sasamarTlo moxele. is xelmoweriT adasturebs meTauris mier

warmodgenil sabraldebo daskvnis proeqts.

3.

dedoflis dadgenileba

35. dedoflis dadgenilebis 6.005 punqtis Tanaxmad, piri unda moTavsdes Caketil

patimrobaSi, Tu es RonisZieba aucilebelia dakavebis periodSi am piris usafrTxoebisa an

disciplinis SenarCunebis uzrunvelsayofad.

37. punqti 6.007 adgens, (inter alia, im zogadi pirobis dacviT, rom piri tyuilubralod ar

unda daakavon), rom meTauri valdebulia uzrunvelyos, rom piris patimrobis periodSi,

patimrobis

formis

gaTvaliswinebiT,

patimrobis

sakiTxi

mudmivad

gadaxedvas

eqvemdebarebodes. saWiroebis mixedviT, patimrobis forma SeiZleba Seicvalos an

braldebuli SeiZleba gaTavisufldes.

38. 6.045(c) punqtis Tanaxmad, pirma, romlis zedamxedvelobis qveS imyofeba braldebuli,

braldebuls unda acnobos im piris samxedro wodeba, saxeli da samsaxuris nawili,

romelic mas brals uyenebs, agreTve braldebis Sinaarsi da xasiaTi. punqti6.047 adgens, rom

oficris an rigiTis mimarT wayenebuli braldeba ganxilul unda iqnes dauyovnebliv.

Sesabamisad, dadgenilia, inter alia, rom sxdomis momwvevi sasamarTlo moxele sasamarTlo

ganxilvis dayovnebis Sesaxeb yoveli patakis miRebisas unda darwmundes (Tu piri

dapatimrebulia), rom patimrobis gagrZeleba mizanSewonilia (qvepunqtebi a da b). meoTxe

patakis miRebisas sxdomis momwvevi moxele Tavis zemdgom samxedro mosamsaxures ugzavnis

specialur pataks, romelSic miTiTebulia sasamarTlo ganxilvis dayovnebis mizezebi,

sasamarTlo sxdomis Catarebis TariRi da patimrobis vadis gagrZelebis saWiroebis mizezebi

(qvepunqti c). Tu braldebulis saqmis ganxilva ar moxdeba 72-e dRemde, es zemdgomi

samxedro mosamsaxure, Tavis mxriv, specialur pataks ugzavnis umaRles mTavarsardals

(qvepunqti d). aseTi patakis miRebis Semdeg aRniSnuli zemdgomi samxedro mosamsaxure da

umaRlesi mTavarsardali iReben yvela SesaZlo zomas sasamarTlo ganxilvis dasaCqareblad

(qvepunqti e).

39. Tu braldebuli patimrobaSi imyofeba zedized 72 dRis ganmavlobaSi sasamarTlo

ganxilvis Catarebis gareSe, maSin, 1972 wlis Sinaganawesis me-5 wesis Tanaxmad, dadgenileba

patimrobis vadis gagrZelebis Sesaxeb SeiZleba gamotanil iqnes mxolod umaRlesi

mTavarsardlis winaswari TanxmobiT. patakSi miTiTebuli unda iyos sasamarTlo ganxilvis

dayovnebis mizezebi, sasamarTlo sxdomis Catarebis TariRi da patimrobis vadis gagrZelebis

saWiroebis mizezebi (punqti 6.047(f)). dayovnebis pataki, rogorc wesi, braldebuls an mis

wamomadgenels ar egzavneba.

4

C.

Habeas corpus

40. Habeas corpus aris procedura, romlis safuZvelzec dakavebuls SeuZlia moiTxovos

dauyovnebliv gaTavisufleba im motiviT, rom igi ukanonod aris dakavebuli. rogorc wesi,

am SemTxvevaSi saqme umaRlesi sasamarTlos gansjadia. habeas corpus-is safuZvelze saqmis

aRZvris ufleba aqvs samxedro mosamsaxuresac.

D.

iuridiuli daxmareba

42. samxedro xelisufleba iuridiuli daxmarebiT ar uzrunvelyofs pirebs, romlebic

gancxadebiT mimarTaven samoqalaqo sasamarTlos, agreTve maT, vinc warmoebas aRZravs habeas

corpus-is safuZvelze. Tumca, aseTi warmoebis SemTxvevaSi, samarTlebrivi daxmarebis miReba

SesaZlebelia samoqalaqo struqturebidan.

E.

samxedro sasamarTloebi

43. 1955 wlis kanonis mixedviT, samxedro sasamarTloebis sistemaSi mTavari roli eniWeba

“sasamarTlo sxdomis momwvev moxeles”. es moxele, (romelsac unda hqondes kanoniT

dadgenili wodeba da meTaurobdes regularuli Zalebis qvedanayofs an qvedanayofs,

romelSic msaxurobs braldebuli), pasuxismgebelia samxedro sasamarTlos yovel saqmeze.

igi iRebs saboloo gadawyvetilebas braldebis Sinaarssa da xasiaTze da imis Sesaxeb, Tu

romelma samxedro sasamarTlom unda ganixilos saqme. igive moxele pasuxismgebelia

samxedro sasamarTlos sxdomis mowvevazec.

sxdomis dawyebamde sxdomis momwvevma moxelem prokurorsa da mosamarTles unda gaugzavnos

mtkicebulebebis CamonaTvali da SeuZlia miuTiTos, romeli mtkicebuleba SeiZleba iyos

dauSvebeli. sxdomis momwvevi moxele uzrunvelyofs braldebis mxaris mowmeTa daswrebas

sasamarTlo sxdomaze. igive moxeles gaaCnia damtkicebis uflebamosilebac. kerZod, samxedro

sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba ZalaSi Sedis mxolod sxdomis momwvevi moxelis mier

gadawyvetilebis damtkicebis Semdeg. sxdomis momwvev moxeles, moqmedebs ra damtkicebis

uflebamosilebiT, SeuZlia aseve uari Tqvas damtkicebaze, gaauqmos an mTlianad an

nawilobriv Secvalos Sefardebuli sasjeli.

saqmis warmoeba komisiaSi

47. 1997 wlis 1 dekembers komisiam miuReblad miiCnia momCivanis saCivari 1994 wlis 27

noembramde mis patimrobaSi yofnasTan dakavSirebiT, xolo, saCivris danarCeni nawili

misaRebad miiCnia. 1998 wlis 28 maisis moxsenebaSi, komisiam gamoTqva erTsulovani

mosazreba, rom darRveulia me-5 muxlis me-3 da me-5, magram ara me-4 punqti, agreTve is,

rom saWiro ar iyo saCivris ganxilva 13-e muxlTan mimarTebaSi. komisiam gamoTqva, aseve

erTsulovani mosazreba imis Sesaxeb, rom darRveulia me-6 muxlis pirveli punqti

samarTlianobis, damoukideblobisa da miukerZoeblobis moTxovnebis TvalsazrisiT, magram

darRvevas adgili ar hqonia warmoebis sajaroobasTan dakavSirebiT da, rom saWiro ar iyo

momCivanis moTxovnebis ganxilva me-6 muxlis pirvel da mesame punqtebTan mimarTebaSi.

samarTlebrivi mxare

I.

konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-3 punqti savaraudo darRveva

5

50. momCivanis gancxadebiT, misi winaswari patimroba ar Seesabameboda me-5 muxlis me-3

punqtis moTxovnebs, romlis Tanaxmad:

“…”

A.

gamoiyeneba Tu ara me-5 muxlis me-3 punqti

51. mxareebs sadavod ar gauxdiaT me-5 muxlis me-3 punqtis gamoyenebis sakiTxi, xolo,

sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom aSkaraa, rom es debuleba mocemul saqmeze gamoiyeneba. braldebebis

xasiaTisa da Sefardebuli sasjelis gaTvaliswinebiT, momCivani daakaves safuZvliani eWvis

safuZvelze, rom man Caidina “danaSauli”, razec saubaria me-5 muxlis pirveli punqtis (c)

qvepunqtSi (ix. magaliTad, 1984 wlis 22 maisis gadawyvetileba saqmeze De Jong, Baljet and

Van den Brink v. the Netherlands, Series A no. 77, gv. 21-22, §§ 42-44). garda amisa, momCivanis

Caketil patimrobaSi yofna, rodesac igi imyofeboda sakanSi guSagis zedamxedvelobis qveS,

uTanabrdeba dakavebas konvenciis miznebs (ix. 1976 wlis 8 ivnisis gadawyvetileba saqmeze

Engel and Others v. the Netherlands, Series A no. 22, gv. 26, § 63).

B.

Sesrulda Tu ara me-5 muxlis me-3 punqti moTxovnebi

52. momCivanma sasamarTlos ganucxada, rom igi meTaurTan ar miuyvaniaT 1994 wlis 29

noembers, rogorc amas moiTxovda 1972 wlis Sinaganawesis me-4 wesi (ix. punqti 29 zemoT),

radgan igi ver ixsenebda aseT faqts da mis dRiurSic an sxva werilobiT dokumentSi amis

Sesaxeb aRniSnuli ar iyo. meore mxriv, momCivani acxadebda, rom meTaurs misTvis romc

moesmina, 1972 wlis Sinaganawesis me-4 wesis mixedviT, is ver CaiTvleboda miukerZoebel

pirad, radgan meTaurs garkveuli damatebiTi funqciebi hqonda sisxlissamarTlebrivi devnis

stadiebze da TviTonve iyo pasuxismgebeli disciplinisa da wesrigis SenarCunebaze. amave

konteqstSi momCivanma miuTiTa meTauris mier iuridiuli ganaTlebis arqonaze.

53. dabolos momCivani amtkicebda, rom Sinaganawesis me-4 wesi ar iyo srulyofili sxva

mizezTa gamoc, magaliTad, is ar iTvaliswinebs faqtebis werilobiT aRricxvas, imas, rom

braldebuls Seatyobinon winaswar patimrobaSi moTavsebis mizezebi da, rom braldebuls

SeeZlos winaswari patimrobis RonisZiebis gasaCivreba.

54. komisiam Tavis moxsenebaSi aRniSna, rom momCivani sadavod ar xdida, rom igi meTaurs

warudgines 1994 wlis 29 noembers, Tanaxmad 1972 wlis Sinaganawesis me-4 wesisa. magram

daeTanxma ra momCivans, rom meTauris miukerZoebloba SeiZleba saeWvo yofiliyo misi

uflebamosilebisa da valdebulebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, komisiam daaskvna, rom darRveulia

me-5 muxlis me-3 punqti. am daskvnis gaTvaliswinebiT, komisiam saWirod aRar miiCnia me-5

muxlis me-3 punqtTan dakavSirebiT momCivanis sxva moTxovnebis ganxilva.

55. mTavrobam ganacxada, rom momCivans me-4 wesis Sesabamisad namdvilad mousmines 1994

wlis 29 noembers da aRniSna, rom momCivans komisiis winaSe arc es faqti gauxdia sadavod

da arc umaRles sasamarTloSi mis mier habeas corpus-is safuZvelze Setanil gancxadebaSi

gaumaxvilebia amaze yuradReba. mTavrobam gaiziara komisiis daskvna me-5 muxlis me-3 punqtis

darRvevis Sesaxeb da gamoTqva mosazreba, rom saWiro aRar iyo am muxlTan dakavSirebiT

momCivanis sxva moTxovnebis ganxilva.

56. rac Seexeba mxareTa faqtobriv davas imis Taobaze, 1994 wlis 29 noembers warudgines

Tu ara momCivani meTaurs 1972 wlis Sinaganawesis Sesabamisad, sasamarTlos mTavrobis

gancxadeba damajereblad miaCnia. momCivans SeeZlo am sakiTxis dayeneba komisiaSi mas Semdeg,

rac komisiam gamoitana gadawyvetileba saqmis dasaSvebobis Sesaxeb, magram is ase ar

moqceula. garda amisa, 1972 wlis Sinaganawesis me-4 wesis darRveva eqceoda habeas corpus-is

safuZvelze samarTalwarmoebis sferoSi. momCivans araferi uTqvams am darRvevis Sesaxeb,

rodesac man Seitana saCivari habeas corpus-is safuZvelze, romlis drosac asaCivrebda Sida

6

kanonmdeblobis darRvevis faqtebs da romlis drosac mas igive warmomadgeneli hyavda,

romelic axla am sasamarTloSi (ix. punqti 18 zemoT). am garemoebebSi, sasamarTlo me-5

muxlis me-3 punqtTan dakavSirebul moTxovnas ganixilavs im varaudiT, rom momCivani

meTaurs warudgines 1994 wlis 29 noembers 1972 wlis Sinaganawesis me-4 wesis Sesabamisad.

57. rac Seexeba momCivanis gancxadebas meTauris miukerZoeblobis Sesaxeb me-4 wesiT

gaTvaliswinebuli mosmenis konteqstSi, konvenciis organoebis precedentuli samarTlis

Tanaxmad, Tu winaswari patimrobis Sefardebis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebis miRebisas Cans, rom

“kanoniT uflebamosili sasamarTlo xelisuflebis sxva warmomadgeneli” valdebuli iqneba

warmoebis Semdgom etapze monawileoba miiRos prokuraturis warmomadgenlis saxiT, maSin

is winaswari warmoebis etapze ar CaiTvleba mxareebisagan damoukidebel pirad, radgan

Semdgom SeiZleba TviTon gaxdes samarTalwarmoebis mxare (ix. 1990 wlis 23 oqtombris

gadawyvetileba saqmeze Huber v. Switzerland, Series A no. 188, gv. 18, §§ 42-43, da 1992 wlis

26 noembris gadawyvetileba saqmeze Brincat v. Italy, Series A no. 249-A, gv. 11-12, §§ 20-21).

sasamarTlom mxedvelobaSi miiRo meTauris uflebebi da movaleobebi, romlebic aRniSnulia

23-e, 27-e, 28-e, 32-e da 34-e punqtebSi zemoT, romlebic amoqmeddeboda 1972 wlis

Sinaganawesis me-4 wesis Sesabamisad momCivanis mosmenis Semdeg. aqedan gamomdinare, meTaurs

sisxlissamarTlebrivi devnis Semdgom etapze arsebiTi roli unda Seesrulebina. marTalia,

nawilis adiutanti xSirad asrulebs meTauris zogierT funqcias, (da am konkretul saqmeze

asec moxda), aSkaraa, rom adiutanti am funqciebs asrulebs meTauris saxeliT, romelsac

igi pirdapir eqvemdebareba wodebrivad. garda amisa, samxedro sasamarTlos sxdomaze

mosamarTlem daadastura, rom nawilis adiutanti, rogorc wesi, saxeldeba rogorc

prokurorisa an misi TanaSemwis funqciebis Semsrulebeli. am konkretul saqmezec man es

funqciebi ganaxorciela.

am garemoebebSi, sasamarTlo askvnis, rom momCivanis eWvi misi meTauris miukerZoeblobasTan

dakavSirebiT, obieqturad gamarTlebulia.

58. sasamarTlos,

iseve

rogorc,

komisias,

miaCnia,

rom

meTauris

imavdrouli

pasuxismgebloba disciplinisa da wesrigis SenarCunebaze warmoadgens kidev erT safuZvels

braldebulisTvis, eWvi Seeparos mis miukerZoeblobaSi mis daqvemdebarebaSi myofi

braldebulis winaswari patimrobis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebis miRebisas. am mosazrebas

aZlierebs dedoflis dadgenilebis punqti # 6.005 (ix. punqti 36 zemoT), romelic meTaurs

uflebas aniWebs, uari Tqvas droebiT gaTavisuflebaze, Tu igi Tvlis, rom braldebulis

gaTavisufleba zogadad an misi urTierToba sxva samxedro mosamsaxureebTan arasasurvelia

“disciplinis interesebisTvis”.

59. aRniSnuli daskvna aucilebels aRar xdis, gamokvleul iqnes momCivanis gancxadeba

imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom meTaurs ar gaaCnia saTanado iuridiuli kvalifikacia.

60. dabolos, me-4 wesis sxva aradamakmayofilebeli aspeqtebis Sesaxeb momCivanis

gancxadebasTan dakavSirebiT, mTavrobam ganacxada, rom me-4 wesiT gaTvaliswinebuli

procedura momCivans aZlevda “SesaZleblobas”, misTvis moesminaT da meTaurs ecnobebina misi

dapatimrebis mizezebis Sesaxeb. amasTan dakavSirebiT, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs konvenciis me-5

muxlis me-3 punqtiT gaTvaliswinebul saproceso da materialur moTxovnebs, romlebic

“sasamarTlo xelisuflebis warmomadgenels” avalebs, piradad mousminos braldebuls,

gamoikvlios winaswari patimrobis Sefardebis mxardamWeri da sawinaaRmdego yvela garemoeba

da winaswari patimrobis Sefardebis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebaSi miuTiTos is garemoebebi,

romlebsac igi daeyrdno am gadawyvetilebis miRebisas (ix. 1979 wlis 4 dekembris

gadawyvetileba saqmeze Schiesser v. Switzerland, Series A no. 34, gv. 13-14, § 31, da 1991 wlis

26 ivnisis gadawyvetileba saqmeze Letellier v. France, Series A no. 207, gv. 18, § 35). imis

dadgenisas,

pirovnebis

Tavisuflebis

aRkveTis

Sesaxeb

gadawyvetilebis

miRebis

7

SidasamarTlebrivi procedurebi akmayofilebs Tu ara me-5 muxlis me-3 punqtis moTxovnebs,

sasamarTlom, Tavis gadawyvetilebaSi saqmeze - Duinhof and Duijf v. the Netherlands - aRniSna

gavrcelebul praqtikasTan SedarebiT “kanoniT dadgenili formaluri, aSkara moTxovnebis”

upiratesi mniSvneloba (1984 wlis 22 maisis gadawyvetileba, Series A no. 79, gv. 15, § 34).

magram zemoT, 57-e da 58-e punqtebSi aRniSnuli daskvnis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlo

Tvlis, rom saWiro aRar aris am damatebiTi sasarCelo moTxovnis ganxilva.

61. amitom, sasamarTlo adgens, rom darRveulia konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-3 punqti, radgan

aseT garemoebebSi meTauri ar SeiZleboda miCneuliyo mxareebisagan damoukideblad.

II.

konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-4 punqtis darRveva

2. momCivanma ganacxada, rom habeas corpus-is safuZvelze samarTalwarmoebis SemTxvevaSi

samxedro xelisufleba ar uzrunvelyofda iuridiul daxmarebas da, radgan mas ar hyavda

mis kmayofaze myofi pirebi, verc samoqalaqo xelisuflebis organoebidan miiRebda

daxmarebas. amitom, momCivanis TqmiT, dairRva me-5 muxlis me-4 punqti, romlis Tanaxmad:

“….”

63. komisiam Tavis moxsenebaSi aRniSna, rom samxedro mosamsaxureebs hqondaT aseTi saxis

samarTalwarmoebisas samoqalaqo xelisuflebis organoebidan iuridiuli daxmarebis miRebis

ufleba (maT Soris, saswrafo iuridiuli daxmarebisa), da momCivans faqtobrivad hyavda

warmomadgeneli 1994 wlis Sobis dResaswaulamde periodidan 1995 wlis ianvris Sua

ricxvebamde da Semdgom, meore warmomadgeneli aiyvana 1995 wlis Tebervlis dasawyisidan da

amJamadac am sasamarTloSic igi icavs mis interesebs. amitom komisiam daaskvna, rom

konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-4 punqti ar darRveula.

64. mTavroba daeTanxma komisiis daskvnas da sasamarTloSi saqmis mosmenisas daadastura,

rom momCivans SeeZlo miemarTa samoqalaqo xelisuflebis organoebisTvis samarTlebrivi

daxmarebis TxovniT, magram is ase ar moqceula.

65. sasamarTlom miuTiTa, rom momCivanma ar gamoiyena samoqalaqo xelisuflebis

organoebidan samarTlebrivi daxmarebis moTxovnis SesaZlebloba (ix. punqtebi 42 da 43

zemoT) da aRniSna, rom momCivani winaswari patimrobis periodis udides nawilSi

faqtobrivad ori advokatiT iyo warmodgenili, maT Soris, habeas corpus-is safuZvelze,

samarTalwarmoebis drosac. am garemoebebSi, momCivanma ver daasabuTa, rom mas xeli ar

miuwvdeboda iseT garantiebze, romlebic proporciuli iyo misi Tavisuflebis aRkveTis

xasiaTisa (ix., magaliTad, 1992 wlis 12 maisis gadawyvetileba saqmeze Megyeri v. Germany,

Series A no. 237-A, gv. 11-12, § 22).

66. aqedan gamomdinare, sasamarTlo adgens, rom ar darRveula me-5 muxlis me-4 punqti.

III.

konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-5 punqtis savaraudo darRveva

68. Tavad momCivans, konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-5 punqtze sasamarTlos winaSe saqmis

ganxilvisas ar miuTiTebia. komisiam gamoTqva mosazreba, rom darRveulia me-5 muxlis me-5

punqti, rac mTavrobas sasamarTlos winaSe ar gauprotestebia.

3. radgan sasamarTlom daadgina me-5 muxlis me-3 punqtis darRveva (ix. punqti 61 zemoT) da

mTavrobam daadastura, rom momCivans realurad ar hqonda sasamarTlos ZaliT aRsrulebadi

ufleba darRvevis gamo zianis anazRaurebis moTxovnisa, sasamarTlos sxva araferi darCenia

garda imisa, rom daadginos, rom darRveulia me-5 muxlis me-5 punqti (ix. magaliTad 1988

8

wlis 29 noembris gadawyvetileba saqmeze Brogan and Others v. the United Kingdom, Series A no.

145-B, gv. 35, § 67).

IV.

konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli da mesame punqtebis savaraudo darRveva

73. momCivanma ganacxada, rom samxedro sasamarTlos mier misi saqmis ganxilva ar

akmayofilebda konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli da mesame punqtebiT dadgenil moTxovnebs,

kerZod:

“…”

74. sasamarTloSi momCivanma ZiriTadad gaasaCivra samxedro sasamarTlos damoukideblobisa

da miukerZoeblobis sakiTxi.

komisiam miiCnia, rom momCivanis saqme ar ganxilula damoukidebeli da miukerZoebeli

sasamarTlos mier.

gaiTvaliswina ra sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba zemoxsenebul Findlay-is saqmeze (gv. 279-83,

§§ 68-80) da saqmeze Coyne v. the United Kingdom (1997 wlis 24 seqtemberi, Reports of

Judgments and Decisions 1997-V, gv. 1854-55, §§ 54-58), mTavrobam ar gaaprotesta komisiis

daskvna.

75. garda amisa, momCivanma ganacxada, rom samxedro sasamarTlo ar iyo “kanonis safuZvelze

Seqmnili” sasamarTlo. Semdeg, man me-6 muxlis pirveli da me-3(c) punqtebis safuZvelze

gaaprotesta samxedro xelisuflebis sistemaSi iuridiuli daxmarebis ukmarisoba da

aRniSna, rom is ar warudgenda Tavis da Tavisi megobari gogonas Cvenebebs nawilis

adiutants, SesaZlebeli rom yofiliyo, iuridiuli warmomadgenlobis mopoveba.

komisiam saWirod ar CaTvala am saCivrebis ganxilva.

mTavrobam aRniSna, rom momCivanma miiRo iuridiuli daxmareba samxedro xelisuflebis

organoebidan da samxedro sasamarTlom uari Tqva CvenebebTan dakavSirebiT momCivanis mier

gamoTqmuli protestis dakmayofilebaze. amitom mTavrobam ganacxada, rom sasamarTlo unda

daTanxmeboda komisias.

76. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom Findlay-is saqmeze man daaskvna, rom samxedro Zalebis Sesaxeb

1955 wlis kanonis safuZvelze mowveuli saerTo samxedro sasamarTlo ar akmayofilebs

konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli punqtis moTxovnebs, ZiriTadad imis gamo, rom sxdomis

momwvevi moxele asrulebs mTavar rols sisxlissamarTlebriv devnaSi, is mWidrod aris

dakavSirebuli prokuraturis organoebTan, samxedro sasamarTlos sxva wevrebTan SedarebiT

aqvs maRali wodeba da uflebamosilia, garkveul SemTxvevebSi, daSalos samxedro

sasamarTlo da uari Tqvas samxedro sasamarTlos mier gamotanili gadawyvetilebis

damtkicebaze (ix. zemoxsenebuli gadawyvetileba Findlay-is saqmeze, gv. 279-83, §§ 68-80,

agreTve punqti 45 zemoT). zemoxsenebul Coyne-s saqmeze sasamarTlo igive daskvnamde mivida

saolqo samxedro sasamarTlosTan mimarTebaSi, romelic mowveuli iyo samxedro Zalebis

Sesaxeb 1955 wlis kanonis safuZvelze.

77. sasamarTlo ver xedavs raime gansxvavebas winamdebare saqmesa da zemoxsenebul Findlay-sa

da Coyne-s saqmeebs Soris im nawilSi, rac exeba samxedro sasamarTlos organizaciaSi

sxdomis momwvevi moxelis rols. aqedan gamomdinare, rogorc zemoT iqna aRniSnuli Findlay-

is saqmeze, momCivanis saqmis ganmxilveli samxedro sasamarTlo ar iyo “damoukidebeli da

miukerZoebeli” me-6 muxlis pirveli punqtis gagebiT.

78. iseve rogorc, Findlay-is saqmeze (gv. 283, punqti 80), sasamarTlo saWirod ar miiCnevs

me-6 muxlis pirvel punqtTan dakavSirebiT momCivanis saCivris calke ganxilvas, rom

samxedro

sasamarTlo

ar

iyo

“kanonis

safuZvelze

Seqmnili”.

zemoxsenebuli

9

gadawyvetilebebisa da am saqmis garemoebebidan gamomdinare, kerZod, rom momCivanma Cvenebebi

warmoadgina iuridiuli rCevidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlo igive daskvnamde midis momCivanis

im moTxovnasTan mimarTebaSi, rom samxedro xelisuflebis sistema ar uzrunvelyofda

sakmaris iuridiul daxmarebas.

79. amitom, sasamarTlo adgens, rom darRveulia me-6 muxlis pirveli punqti, radgan

samxedro sasamarTlo ar akmayofilebda damoukideblobisa da miukerZoeblobis moTxovnebs.

aRniSnuli garemoebebis safuZvelze, sasamarTlo

1.

2.

3.

4.

erTsulovnad acxadebs, rom darRveulia konvenciis me-5 muxlis me-3 punqti;

erTsulovnad acxadebs, rom ar aris darRveuli me-5 muxlis me-4 punqti;

erTsulovnad acxadebs, rom darRveulia me-5 muxlis me-5 punqti;

erTsulovnad acxadebs, rom saWiro ar aris saqmis ganxilva konvenciis me-13 muxlTan

mimarTebaSi;

5.

6.

erTsulovnad acxadebs, rom darRveulia konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli punqti;

Teqvsmeti xmiT erTis winaaRmdeg, acxadebs, rom es gadawyvetileba TavisTavad

warmoadgens momCivanisTvis miyenebuli aramaterialuri zianis anazRaurebas;

7.

erTsulovnad acxadebs, rom

(a)

mopasuxe saxelmwifom momCivans sami Tvis vadaSi gaweuli xarjebis asanazRaureblad

unda gadauxados 10 500 funti sterlingi, maT Soris damatebiTi Rirebulebis Tu sxva

gadasaxadi, romelic SeiZleba daericxos aRniSnul Tanxas;

(b)

zemoaRniSnuli samTviani vadis gadacilebis SemTxvevaSi Tanxa gaizrdeba wliuri 7.5

procentiT angariSis saboloo gasworebamde;

8.

erTsulovnad ar akmayofilebs sxva moTxovnebs zianis anazRaurebasTan dakavSirebiT.

10