saqme `zelinski, pradali da gonzalesi safrangeTis winaaRmdeg~

CASE OF ZELINSKI AND PRADAL AND GONZALEZ AND OTHERS v. FRANCE

(# 24846/94 da 34165/96-34173/96 gaerTianebuli ganacxadebi)

ganCineba

strasburgi G

1999 wlis 28 oqtomberi

saqmeSi `zelinski, pradali da gonzalesi safrangeTis winaaRmdeg~

adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlom, Seikriba ra didi palatis saxiT

adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa dacvis konvenciis (SemdgomSi

`konvencia~) 27-e muxlis (romelic Sesworebulia #11 oqmiT¹) da sasamarTlos

reglamentis²Sesabamisi debulebebis safuZvelze Semdegi SemadgenlobiT:

b-ni l. vildhaberi, prezidenti

b-ni l. ferari bravo

b-ni l. kafliSi

b-ni j. makarCiki

b-ni u. furmani

b-ni k. iungvierti

b-ni m. fiSbaxi

b-ni b. zupanCiCi

q-ni n. vajiCi

b-ni j. hedigani

q-ni u. Tomaseni

q-ni m. caca-nikolovska

b-ni t. pantiru

b-ni e. levici

b-ni k. traja

q-ni s. botuCarova

b-ni a. bake _ ad hoc mosamarTle

da aseve registratoris moadgile, b-ni boer-bukikio,

imsjela ra ganmartoebiT 1999 wlis 26 maissa da 29 seqtembers,

1999 wlis 29 seqtembers gamoitana Semdegi ganCineba:

procedura

1. saqme `zelinski da pradali safrangeTis winaaRmdeg~ gadaeca sasamarTlos

konvenciis³adre moqmedi me-19 muxlis Sesabamisad adamianis uflebaTa komisiis

(SemdgomSi `komisia~) mier 1997 wlis 25 oqtombers da safrangeTis mTavrobis mier

(SemdgomSi `mTavroba~) 1997 wlis 11 dekembers. saqme `gonzalesi da sxvebi

safrangeTis winaaRmdeg~ sasamarTlos gadaeca 1998 wlis 9 dekembers komisiis mier

konvenciis Sesworebuli me-19 muxlis Sesabamisad. orive saqme ganxiluli iqna

konvenciis adre moqmedi 32-e muxlis pirveli punqtisa da 47-e muxlis Sesabamisad.

am ori saqmis safuZveli iyo safrangeTis 11 moqalaqis 11 ganacxadi (# 24846/94 da

# 34165/96-dan 34173/96-mde, es ukanasknelni komisiam SeaerTa 1997 wlis 9 aprils)

safrangeTis winaaRmdeg konvenciis adre moqmedi 25-e muxlis Sesabamisad. pirveli

ganacxadi Seitanes b-nma benua zelinskim da b-nma martin pradalma 1994 wlis 5

ivliss, meore ganacxadi – q-nma Janin gonzalesma 1996 wlis 19 agvistos, xolo

danarCeni 8 ganacxadi – q-nma martin marim, q-nma anita delakeriem, b-nma gi

Sreiberma, q-nma monika kernma, b-nma paskal gontiem, q-nma nikol Sreiberma, q-nma

Josian memetom da b-nma klod kosutam 1996 wlis 9 seqtembers.

komisiis Txovna Seexeboda adre moqmed 44-e da 48-e muxlebs da safrangeTis

deklaracias, romelSic man aRiara sasamarTlos savaldebulo iurisdiqcia (adre

moqmedi muxli 46). mTavrobis ganacxadi exeboda adre moqmed 48-e muxls. Txovnisa

da ganacxadis mizani iyo, miRebuliyo gadawyvetileba imis Taobaze, warmoadgenda

Tu ara saqmeSi gamoaSkaravebuli faqtebi mopasuxe saxelmwifos mier misTvis

konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli punqtiTa da me-13 muxliT dakisrebuli

valdebulebebis darRvevas.

2. sasamarTlos adre moqmedi A wesebis⁴33-e wesis me-3 punqtis `d~ qvepunqtis

Sesabamisad Catarebuli gamokvlevis pasuxad b-nma zelinskim da b-nma pradalma

ganacxades, rom surdaT procesSi monawileoba da daniSnes iuristi, romelic maT

warmoadgenda (adre moqmedi 30-e wesi).

3. pirveli saqmis, ganaskuTrebiT ki me-11 oqmis ZalaSi Sesvlamde wamoWrili

proceduruli sakiTxebis gansaxilvelad Seqmnili palatis (konvenciis adre

moqmedi 43-e muxli da adre moqmedi 21-e wesi) Tavmjdomarem b-nma bernardtma

registratoris

meSveobiT

werilobiTi

proceduris

Catarebis

Sesaxeb

konsultaciebi gamarTa mTavrobis warmomadgenelTan, b-ni zelinskisa da b-ni

pradalis advokatTan da komisiis delegatTan. amis Sedegad miRebuli

gadawyvetilebis Sesabamisad registratorma miiRo ganmcxadebelTa memorandumi da

mTavrobis memorandumi 1998 wlis 27 aprils.

4. 1998 wlis 1 noembers me-11 oqmis ZalaSi Sesvlis Semdeg da misi me-5 muxlis me-5

punqtis debulebebis Sesabamisad saqme gadaeca sasamarTlos did palatas. did

palataSi ex officio Sedioda b-ni j.p. kosta, safrangeTis sasargeblod arCeuli

mosamarTle (konvenciis 27-e muxlis me-2 punqti da sasamarTlos wesebis 24-e wesis

me-2 wesi), b-ni vildhaberi, sasamarTlos Tavmjdomare, q-ni e. palmi, sasamarTlos

Tavmjdomaris moadgile, da b-ni m. fiSbaxi, seqciis Tavmjdomaris moadgile

(konvenciis 27-e muxlis me-3 punqti da 24-e wesis me-3 da 5(a) punqtebi). didi

palatis danarCen wevrebad dainiSnen b-ni l. ferari bravo, b-ni gaukur

iorundsoni, b-ni l. kafliSi, b-ni l. furmani, b-ni k. iungvierti, b-ni b. zupanCiCi,

q-ni n. vajiCi, b-ni j. hedigani, q-ni u. Tomaseni, q-ni m. caca-nikolovska, b-ni t.

pantiru, b-ni e. levici da b-ni k. traJa (24-e wesis me-3 punqti da me-100 wesis me-4

punqti).

Semdeg b-ni kosta gadaayenes didi palatis wevrobidan (wesi 28). Sesabamisad,

mTavrobam ad hoc mosamarTled airCia b-ni a. bake (konvenciis 27-e muxli da 29-e

wesis pirveli punqti). mogvianebiT b-nma makarJikma da q-nma botuCarovam Secvales

q-ni palmi da b-ni gaukur iorundsoni, romelTac aRar SeeZloT monawileoba

saqmis Semdgom ganxilvaSi (24-e wesis me-5 (b) punqti).

5. me-100 wesis pirvel punqtTan da 24-e wesis me-6 punqtTan erTobliobaSi me-11

oqmis me-5 muxlis me-4 punqtis debulebebis Sesabamisad, didi palatis kolegiam

1999 wlis 14 ianvars gadawyvita, rom gonzalesisa da sxvebis saqme ganexila imave

did palatas, romelic Seikriba zelinskisa da pradalis saqmis gansaxilvelad.

mogvianebiT mTavrobis ganacxadis safuZvelze didma palatam gadawvita ori saqmis

SeerTeba (43-e wesis pirveli punqti).

6. registratoris meSveobiT b-nma vildhaberma gamarTa konsultaciebi werilobiTi

proceduris organizebis Sesaxeb mTavrobis warmomadgenelTan, ganmcxadeblebis

advokatTan da komisiis delegatTan. amis Sedegad miRebuli gadawyvetilebis

Sesabamisad registratorma miiRo ganmcxadebelTa memorandumi 1999 wlis 23 marts

da mTavrobis memorandumi 1999 wlis 25 marts.

7. sasamarTlos miwveviT (99-e wesi) komisiam wargzavna Tavisi erT-erTi wevri b-ni

noviki didi palatis winaSe procesSi monawileobis misaRebad.

8. Tavmjdomaris gadawyvetilebis Sesabamisad, sajaro sxdoma Catarda adamianis

uflebaTa SenobaSi, strasburgSi, 1999 wlis 26 maiss.

sasamarTlos winaSe gamocxaddnen:

(a) mTavrobis saxeliT

b-ni abrahami, sagareo saqmeTa saministros

samarTlebrivi sakiTxebis direqtori, warmomadgeneli,

b-ni busaroki, saagreo saqmeTa saministros

samarTlebrivi sakiTxebis departamentis

adamianis uflebaTa seqcia,

q-ni e. dukosi, iusticiis saministros

evropuli da saerTaSoriso saqmeebis departamentis

adamianis uflebaTa ofisi, mrCevlebi.

(b) ganmcxadebelTa saxeliT

q-ni h. mas-deseni, evropis sabWosa da sakasacio

sasamarTlos advokatura, advokati;

(c) komisiis saxeliT

b-ni m. noviki, delegati

q-ni m.t. Seferi, komisiis mdivani.

sasamarTlom mousmina b-ni novikis, q-ni mas-desenis da b-ni abrahamis gamosvlebs.

faqtebi

9. b-ni zelinski, b-ni pradali, q-ni gonzalesi, q-ni meri, q-ni delakerie, b-ni

Sreiberi, q-ni kerni, b-ni gontie, q-ni Sreiberi da b-ni kosuta arian safrangeTis

moqalaqeni, romlebic daibadnen Sesabamisad 1954, 1955, 1956, 1953, 1955, 1948, 1949, 1957,

1950, 1954 da 1957 wels. isini cxovroben merte-e-mozelis (b-ni zelinski), mozelis

(b-ni pradali), da ot-rinis (yvela danarCeni ganmcxadebeli) departamentebSi da

muSaoben socialuri uzrunvelyofis samsaxurSi elzas-mozelSi.

I. saqmis garemoebebi

A. saqmis winmswrebi movlenebi

1. Sesavali

10. 1953 wlis 28 marts strasburgis regionis socialuri uzrunvelyofis

samsaxurebma

xeli

moaweres

xelSekrulebas

profkavSiris

regionul

warmomadgenlebTan. xelSekrulebis Sesabamisad SemoRebuli iqna `specialuri

danamati sirTulisaTvis~ (indemnité de difficultés particulières – “IDP”) (SemdgomSi

`specialuri danamati~) socialuri uzrunvelyofis sistemis TanamSromelTaTvis,

vinaidan ot-rinis, ba-rinisa da mozelis departamentebis adgilobrivi samarTlis

gamoyeneba gansakuTrebiT rTuli samuSao iyo. SeTanxmebis Tanaxmad, danamati

iqneboda 12-jer meti, vidre socialuri uzrunvelyofis muSakTaTvis erovnul

xelSekrulebaSi gaTvaliswinebuli xelfasis `erTeuli~.

dasaqmebisa da socialuri uzrunvelyofis ministrma SeTanxmeba daamtkica 1953

wlis 2 ivniss. SeTanxmebis ganxorcieleba molodinisamebr moxda.

11. 1963 wlis 10 ivnisisa da 1974 wlis 17 aprilis cvlilebebis Sesabamisad,

romlebic Seexeboda xelfasis gamoTvlis meTodsa da samuSaoebis klasifikacias

da gavlena moaxdina erTeulis Rirebulebaze, socialuri uzrunvelyofis

samsaxurebis sabWoebma Seamcires specialuri danamati, romelic 1963 wels

warmoadgenda 6 erTeuls, xolo 1974 wels – 3,95 erTeuls 1953 wlis SeTanxmebiT

gaTvaliswinebuli 12 erTeulis nacvlad. amasTan, specialur danamats ar

iTvaliswinebdnen saSobao premiis gamoTvlis mizniT, romlis gadaxdac xdeboda

erovnuli koleqtiuri SeTanxmebis Sesabamisad.

12. 1998 wels ramdenime socialuri uzrunvelyofis samsaxurma gadawyvita,

gaeTvaliswinebina specialuri danamati wliuri premiis gamoangariSebisas da am

gadawyvetilebas misca 5 wlis ukuqceviTi Zala. janmrTelobisa da socialuri

sakiTxebis regionulma departamentma, romelic zedamxedvelobda am sajaro

organoebs, gaauqma gadawyvetileba TanamSromelTaTvis aRniSnuli Tanxebis

gadaricxvis Sesaxeb.

2. socialuri uzrunvelyofis samsaxurebis TanamSromlebis – ganmcxadeblebis

garda – mier Setanili sarCelebi

(a)

forbaxis,

sareburgisa

da

saregemines

samewarmeo

tribunalebis

gadawyvetilebebi

13. socialuri uzrunvelyofis samsaxurebis 136 TanamSromelma Seitana sarCeli

xuT samewarmeo tribunalSi. es TanamSromlebi moiTxovdnen 1953 wlis SeTanxmebis

zustad Sesrulebas da saTanado xelfasis gadaxdas 1983 wlis 1 dekembridan

moyolebuli (kanonis Tanxmad, gadaxdasTan dakavSirebiT sarCelebis Setanis

xandazmulobis vadaa 5 weli).

14. 1989 wlis 22 dekembris da 1990 wlis 26 aprilis (sareburgis samewarmeo

tribunali, sxvadasxva saqmianobis danayofi), 1989 wlis 20 dekembris (sareburgis

samewarmeo tribunali, aRmasrulebeli TanamSromlebis danayofi) da 1990 wlis 10

aprilisa da 12 ivnisis (forbaxis samewarmeo tribunali, aRmasrulebeli

TanamSromlebis danayofi) gadawyvetilebebis Tanaxmad, TanamSromelTa sarCelebi

erTeulze 12-jer didi specialuri danamatis ukuqceviTi ZaliT gadaxdis Sesaxeb

ar dakmayofilda.

15. 1990 wlis 23 aprilisa da 14 maisis gadawyvetilebebSi (forbaxis samewarmeo

tribunali,

sxvadasxva

saqmianobis

danayofi)

da

1990

wlis

19

martis

gadawyvetilebaSi

(saregemines

samewarmeo

tribunali,

aRmasrulebeli

TanamSromlebis danayofi) saregemines janmrTelobis dazRvevis samsaxurs (Caisse

primaire d’assurance maladie – “CPAM”) daevala, gadaexada TanamSromelTaTvis (officials)

specialuri danamatis 12-jer gazrdili Tanxa ukuqceviTi ZaliT.

(b) mecis saapelacio sasamarTlos 1991 wlis 26 Tebervlis gadawyvetileba

16. 1991 wlis 26 Tebervals mecis saapelacio sasamarTlom 25 saqme gadawyvita 136

TanamSromlis sasargeblod. saxelmwifos warmomadgenelma – regionis prefeqtma

da janmrTelobisa da socialuri saqmeebis regionulma direqtorma – gaasaCivra

gadawyvetileba samarTlebriv sakiTxebze dayrdnobiT.

(c) ministris 1991 wlis 30 ivlisis da 1992 wlis 8 ivlisis gadawyvetilebebi

ministris mier damtkicebasTan dakavSirebiT

17. 1991 wlis 30 ivliss socialur saqmeTa ministrma gaauqma 1953 wlis 2 ivnisis

ministris Tanxmoba. es gadawyvetileba ministrma gaauqma 1992 wlis 8 ivliss.

(d) sakasacio sasamarTlos 1992 wlis 22 aprilis gadawyvetileba

18. 1992 wlis 22 aprilis sami gadawyvetilebiT sakasacio sasamarTlom nawilobriv

gaauqma mecis saapelacio sasamarTlos 1991 wlis 26 Tebervlis 25 gadawyvetileba

136 TanamSromlis sarCelTan dakavSirebiT. sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom 1963 wels

ganxorcielebuli klasifikaciis cvlilebis Sedegad aRar arsebobda 1953 wlis

SeTanxmebaSi gaTvaliswinebuli indeqsis gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba. sasamarTlom

saqme daabruna qveda instanciaSi, raTa am ukanasknels Seeswavla, damkvidrda Tu

ara praqtika da Tu ar damkvidrebula, ganesazRvra, Tu ras miaRwevda indeqsis

Rirebuleba, Tu igi ar gauqmdeboda.

19. sakasacio sasamarTlom gadawyvita, rom saqme xelaxla unda moesmina bezansonis

saapelacio sasamarTlos.

(e) kolmaris saapelacio sasamarTlos 1993 wlis 23 seqtembris gadawyvetilebebi

20. kolmaris saapelacio sasamarTlom, romelSic aseve gaasaCivres specialur

danamatTan dakavSirebuli gadawyvetilebebi, 1993 wlis 23 seqtembers gamoitana

gadawyvetilebebi da, daeyrdno ra sakasacio sasamarTlos 1992 wlis 22 aprilis

gadawyvetilebebs, ganacxada, rom indeqsi aRar arsebobda da 1974 wlis 17 aprilis

cvlilebebis Semdeg damkvidrebuli praqtikis Tanaxmad specialuri danamatis

gadaxda xdeboda 3,95-jeradi erTeulis odenobiT.

(f) 1993 wlis 13 oqtombers bezansonis saapelacio sasamarTlos mier gamotanili

gadawyvetileba sakasacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis Sesabamisad saqmis

xelaxali mosmenis Semdeg

21. 1993 wlis 13 oqtombers bezansonis saapelacio sasamarTlom sakasacio

sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis Sesabamisad saqmis xelaxali mosmenis Semdeg

daadgina, rom 1953 wlis 28 martis SeTanxmeba kanonieri iyo, rom mas Zala ar

daukargavs da sxva praqtika ar damkvidrebula. Sesabamisad, man ganacxada, rom

specialuri danamati gamoangariSebuli unda iqnes minimaluri xelfasis 6,1055%-is

safuZvelze, vinaidan es procenti Seesabameboda specialur danamats, romelic 1953

wels gamoiangariSeboda Tormetjer erTeulis formuliT, kerZod, bezansonis

saapelacio sasamarTlom ganacxada:

`vinaidan 1953 wlis SeTanxmeba ar gauqmebula da specialuri danamatis gadaxda

kvlav unda gagrZeldes, mecis saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebebis

nawilobriv gauqmebis Semdeg erTaderTi Sesaswavli sakiTxia premiis gamoTvlis

meTodi 1963 wels; es SesaZlebelia praqtikis safuZvelze, xolo aseTi meTodis

gamoyenebis SeuZleblobis SemTxvevaSi indeqsis im Rirebulebis gansazRvriT,

rasac igi miaRwevda konkretuli TariRebisTvis.

... 1963 wels specialuri danamatis gamoangariSebis meTodis calmxriv Secvlas ar

SeiZleboda mohyoloda iseTi praqtikis Camoyalibeba, romelic, Tavis mxriv, kvlav

Seicvleboda 1974 wels arsebuli wesebis darRveviT ...

Tu indeqsi gaqreba, unda Seiqmnas damakavSirebeli indeqsi xelSemkvreli mxareebis

nebis Sesabamisad.

1963 da 1974 wlebSi miiCnies, rom specialuri danamati fiqsirebuli iyo da igi

gaiyo erTeulis axal Rirebulebaze, raTa mieRoT erTeulebis raodenoba,

romelic saWiro iyo specialuri danamatis gamosaTvlelad. aseTi meTodi ar

iTvaliswinebs xelfasebis saerTo zrdas da misi Sedegi iyo specialuri danamatis

progresuli Semcireba, rasac adasturebs specialuri danamatis progresis

ZiriTad xelfasTan Sedarebis Taobaze Catarebuli gamokvleva da rac

mosarCeleebma mtkicebulebad moiyvanes.

mxareTa ganzraxvis Sesasruleblad danamati sam departamentSi unda iyos

erTnairi, miuxedavad TanamSromelTa kategoriisa, da daqiravebulTa mier

mopovebuli SeRavaTebi unda SenarCundes.

specialuri danamatis Sedareba minimalur xelfasTan yvelafers naTels hfens...

magaliTad, 1990 wlis ianvarSi specialuri danamati gamoiangariSeboda 3,96

erTeulis safuZvelze, erTeulis Rirebuleba iyo 38,652 franki, specialuri

danamatis Rirebuleba ki 152,67 franki, xolo Tu misi gamoTvla moxdeboda kanoniT

gaTvaliswinebuli xelfasis 6,1055%-is safuZvelze, rac im dros warmoadgenda 5,596

franks, specialuri danamati iqneboda 341,66 franki.

. . .~

22. Sesabamisad, saapelacio sasamarTlom daadgina, rom unda Catarebuliyo

xelaxali

mosmenebi,

rac

saSualebas

miscemda

TiToeul

mosarCeles,

daeangariSebina misTvis kuTvnili gadasaxdeli Tanxa.

(g) 1994 wlis 18 ianvris kanoni #94-43

23.

sazogadoebis

janmrTelobisa

da

socialuri

keTildReobis

Sesaxeb

kanonproeqti parlamentSi 1993 wlis 26 oqtombers Seitanes; safrangeTis mTavroba

gaxda 85-e muxlSi cvlilebebis sakiTxis ganxilvis inciatori. ZiriTadi debatebi

amis Taobaze gaimarTa 1993 wlis 30 noembers erovnul asambleaSi da 1993 wlis 13

dekembers senatSi. kanonproeqtis 85-e muxli miRebuli iqna.

24. 85-e muxlis mixedviT, sawinaaRmdegos Sesaxeb sasamarTlos nebismieri saboloo

arsebiTi gadawyvetilebis ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi, 1953 wlis 28 martis

SeTanxmebiT ba-rinis, ot-rinisa da mozelis departamentebis socialuri

uzrunvelyofis samsaxurebis TanamSromelTaTvis SemoRebuli specialuri danamati

1983 wlis 1 dekembridan iqneboda 3,95-jer erTeulis Rirebuleba, rogorc es

ganisazRvra gadaxdis xelSekrulebebiT, da gadaixdeba weliwadSi 12-jer. es

debuleba gamoiyeneba miuxedavad nebismieri sawinaaRmdego individualuri an

koleqtiuri xelSekrulebisa, romelic ZalaSi iyo 85-e muxlis amoqmedebis

droisaTvis.

25. parlamentis wevrebis nawilma sarCeli Seitana sakonstitucio sabWoSi, vinaidan

miiCnia, rom kanonis miRebiT dairRva xelisuflebis danawilebis principi, radgan

sasamarTlos am sakiTxze gadawyvetileba gamohqonda; garda amisa, aRniSnuli

muxli aregulirebda Sromis samarTalurTierTobebs, rac aranairad ar iyo

dakavSirebuli Tavad kanonis mizanTan.

26. 1994 wlis 13 ianvris gadawyvetilebiT sakonstitucio sabWom daadgina, rom

gasaCivrebuli debulebebi ar iyo arakonstituciuri, vinaidan:

`daawesa ra `sirTuleebisTvis specialuri danamatis~ odenoba 3,95-jer erTeulis

Rirebulebad, rac gansazRvruli iyo 1957 wlis

xelSekrulebebiT da 1983 wlis 1 dekembridan ukuqceviTi moqmedebiT, kanonmdebels

miznad hqonda, SeeCerebina Semdgomi winaaRmdegobrivi gadawyvetilebebi

8

Tebervlis gadaxdis

sasamarTlos mier da, amgvarad, Tavidan aecilebina axali davebi, romelTa

arsebobac arasasurvel gavlenas moaxdenda socialuri uzrunvelyofis sqemebis

stabilurobaze.

kanonmdebelma aSkarad daicva im moqalaqeTa inetresebi, romelTa sasargeblodac

sasamarTlos mier gamotanili gadawyvetileba arsebiTad Sevida ZalaSi. ar

arsebobs imis mtkicebis safuZveli, rom kanonmdebels surda sisxlis samarTlis

debulebebisaTvis ukuqceviTi Zalis micema. zemoxsenebli principebis dacvis

mizniT kanonmdebeli uflebamosili iyo, gamoeyenebina Tavisi Zalaufleba da

debulebebisaTvis ukuqceviTi Zala mieca, vinaidan mxolod mas gaaCnda es

Zalaufleba

da

aRniSnuli

xels

Seuwyobda

sasamarTloebis

mier

araTanmimdevruli gadawyvetilebebis miRebiT Seqmnili situaciis gadaWras.

Sesabamisad, gasaCivrebuli debulebebi ar ewinaaRmdegeba da arc ugulebelyofs

konstituciur principebs...~

27. Sesabamisad, aqtis (#94-43 kanonis) 85-e muxli konstituciurad CaiTvala.

promulgireba moxda 1994 wlis 18 ianvars.

(h) sakasacio sasamarTlos 1995 wlis 15 Tebervlis da 2 martis gadawyvetilebebi

28. 1995 wlis 15 Tebervals sakasacio sasamarTlom Sarreguemines CPAM-is, loranis

regionis prefeqtis da elzasis socialuri da janmrTelobis saqmeebis regionuli

direqtoris

mier

bezansonis

saapelacio

sasamarTlos

gadawyvetilebis

gasaCivrebis Sesaxeb sakasacio saCivris ganxilvisas nawilobriv gaauqma

gadawyvetileba da ar daudgenia, rom saqme xelaxla unda moesmina romelime

saapelacio sasasamrTlos:

`... 1994 wlis 18 ianvris aqtis 85-e muxli awesebs specialuri danamatis odenobas

gadaxdis TiToeuli periodisaTvis 3,95-jer erTeulis RirebulebiT, rac

gamomdinareobs gadaxdis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebidan, romelic, Tavis mxriv,

dadebulia 1957 wlis 8 Tebervlis koleqtiuri SeTanxmebis Sesabamisad da Seexeba

socialuri uzrunvelyofis organoebis TanamSromlebs. vinaidan gasaCivrebuli

gadawyvetileba awesebs aRniSnuli debulebisagan gansxvavebul gamoTvlis

meTodebs, igi unda gauqmdes.

samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis 627-e muxlis me-2 punqtis Tanaxmad saqme unda

gadawydes Sesabamisi samarTlis gamoyenebis safuZvelze.

am mizezebis gamo . . .:

auqmebs bezansonis saapelacio sasamarTlos mier 1993 wlis 13 oqtombers

gamotanil gadawyvetilebas, magram mxolod im nawilSi, sadac sasamarTlom

daadgina, rom specialuri danamatis gamoangariSeba unda moxdes kanoniT

gaTvaliswinebuli minimaluri xelfasis 6,1055%-iT;

miiCnevs, rom ar aris aucilebeli saqmis xelaxali mosmena;

miiCnevs, rom specialuri danamatis Rirebuleba nebismieri gadaxdis momentisaTvis

unda ganisazRvros 3,95-jer erTeulis RirebulebiT, rogorc es gansazRvrulia

socialuri uzrunvelyofis organoebis TanamSromelTa 1957 wlis 8 Tebervlis

koleqtiuri dasaqmebis xelSekrulebaSi;

. . .~

29. 1995 wlis 2 martis gadawyvetilebiT sakasacio sasamarTlom analogiurad uari

ganacxada

kolmaris

saapelacio

saasmarTlos

1993

wlis

23

seqtembris

gadawyvetilebebis Sesaxeb sakasacio saCivris dakmayofilebaze imave safuZvliT.

B. b-n zelinskisTan da b-n pradalTan dakavSirebuli procesi

1. mecis samewarmeo tribunalis 1991 wlis 4 dekembris da 1992 wlis 21 oqtombris

gadawyvetilebebi

30. 1991 wlis 15 da 17 aprils b-nma zelinskim 47 pirTan erTad, romelTac

warmoadgenda

safrangeTis

demokratiuli

Sromis

konfederaciis

oficeri

(Confédération française démocratique du travail – “CFDT”), mimarTa tribunals specialuri

danamatis (romelic TiToeul mosarCeleze 31 131,11 frankad iyo Sefasebuli)

davalianebis

gadaxdis

da

momavalSi

specialuri

danamatis 1953

wlis

xelSekrulebis safuZvelze gamoTvlis TxovniT.

31. mecis samewarmeo tribunalis winaSe regionis prefeqtma da janmrTelobisa da

socialuri saqmeebis direqtorma iTxoves procesis Catareba mas Semdeg, rac

sakasacio

sasamarTlo

gamoitanda

gadawyvetilebas

identuri

saqmeebis

gadawyvetilebebze sakasacio saCivarTan dakavSirebiT, romlebic gamoitana mecis

saapelacio sasamarTlom 1991 wlis 26 Tebervals.

32. 1991 wlis 28 ivnissa da 12 ivliss meore ganmcxadebelma da 48 sxva

TanamSromelma, romelTac warmoadgendaT CFDT-is oficeri, Seitanes analogiuri

sarCeli mecis samewarmeo tribunalSi.

33. 1991 wlis 4 dekembris (b-ni zelinski) da 21 oqtombris (b-ni pradali)

gadawyvetilebebiT mecis samewarmeo tribunalma dakmayofila mosarCeleebis

moTxovna gadaxdaze da daadgina, rom specialuri danamati unda gamoiTvlebodes

Tormet Tviur erTeulad 1953 wlis xelSekrulebis Sesabamisad. man ganacxada, inter

alia:

`SeTanxmeba iTvaliswinebs, rom premia udris Tormetjer im erTeulis

Rirebulebas, romelic gansazRvrulia socialuri uzrunvelyofis TanamSromelTa

Sesaxeb erovnuli SeTanxmebiT.

xelfasis gamoTvlis meTodisa da samsaxurebis klasifikaciis Sesaxeb 1963 wlis 10

ivnisis da 1974 wlis 17 aprilis cvlilebebis da am cvlilebebis Sedegad

erTeulis Rirebulebis Secvlis gaTvaliswinebiT 1953 wels xelSekrulebis

xelmomwerma sabWoebma gadawyvites, SeenarCunebinaT specialuri danamatis mudmivi

Rirebuleba koreqtirebis saSualebiT.

dadgenilia, rom aRniSnuli koreqtirebis mixedviT specialuri danamati Semcirda

Sesabamisad 6 da Semdeg 3,95 erTeulamde.

1953 wlis SeTanxmebis debulebebi zustad aris formulirebuli da 12 erTeulis

odenobis safuZvlis calmxrivi Secvla ar SeiZleboda.

socialuri uzrunvelyofis samsaxurebs unda gaeuqmebinaT SeTanxmeba, Tu miaCndaT,

rom 1963 da 1974 wlebis koreqtireba gadametebuli tvirTi iyo.

aseTi cvlileba ar unda iqnes gaTvaliswinebuli, Tu mxareebi winaswar ar

daTanxmdnen amaze da erTi xelSemkvreli mxaris dumili ar unda CaiTvalos

Tanxmobis niSnad (muxli L. 134-4, Sromis kodeqsi) ...~ (1991 wlis 4 dekembris

gadawyvetilebis amonaridi).

34. regionis prefeqtis saxeliT moqmedma janmrTelobisa da socialuri saqmeebis

direqtorma gaasaCivra es gadawyvetilebebi.

2. mecis saapelacio sasamarTlos 1993 wlis 19 da 20 aprilis gadawyvetilebebi

35. 1993 wlis 19 aprilis (b-ni pradali) da 20 aprilis (b-ni zelinski)

gadawyvetilebebSi mecis saapelacio sasamarTlom ZalaSi datova samewarmeo

tribunalis gadawyvetilebebi da miiCnia, rom premia Seicvala calmxrivad, riTac

dairRva koleqtiuri SeTanxmebebis Sesaxeb 1950 wlis kanoni, kerZod, Semdegi

mizezebis gamo:

`premiis gamoTvla unda efuZnebodes erTeulis Rirebulebas, rogorc is

gansazRvrulia 1963 wlis 10 ivnisis da 1974 wlis 17 aprilis da sxva Zalis mqone

SeTanxmebebiT yovel konkretul SemTxvevaSi.

samoqalaqo

xelSekruleba savaldebuloa maTTvis, vinc isini dado. isini SesaZlebelia

gauqmdes saerTo TanxmobiT an kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul safuZvlebze.

kodeqsis

1134-e

muxlis

Sesabamisad,

kanonierad

dadebuli

analogiurad, Sromis kodeqsis 135-1 muxliT koleqtiuri dasaqmebis xelSekruleba

savaldebuloa yvelasaTvis, vinc mas xeli moawera.

. . .

ar SeiZleba imis uaryofa, rom 1953 wlis 28 martis xelSekruleba ar yofila

denonsirebuli romelime mxaris mier. Sesabamisad, unda gagrZeldes misi

Sesruleba. mamravlis Semcirebis mizniT ganxorcielebuli ori cvlileba

ewinaaRmdegeboda samoqalaqo kodeqsis 1134-e muxls da koleqtiuri dasaqmebis

Sesaxeb xelSekrulebebs.

Sesabamisad, danamatis gadaxda unda xdebodes 12-jeradi erTeulis safuZvelze,

rogorc is dadgenilia zemoaRniSnuli xelSekrulebiT.

. . .~

3. sakasacio sasamarTlos 1995 wlis 2 martis gadawyvetileba

36. 1995 wlis 2 marts sakasacio sasamarTlom gadawyvetileba gamoitana mecis

saapelacio sasamarTlos 1993 wlis 19 da 20 aprilis gadawyvetilebebis (b-n

pradalTan da b-n zelinskisTan mimarTebiT) Sesaxeb sakasacio saCivris

safuZvelze, romelic Seitanes regionis prefeqtma da janmrTelobisa da

socialuri saqmeebis direqtorma, aseve 1993 wlis 21 aprilisa da 6 seqtembris

gadawyvetilebebTan

TanamSromels.

dakavSirebiT,

romlebic

exeboda

mTlianobaSi

150

`sazogadoebis janmrTelobisa da socialuri keTildReobis Sesaxeb 1994 wlis 18

ianvris aqtis (kanoni #94-34) 85-e muxlis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb:

. . .

1994 wlis 18 ianvris aqtis (kanoni #94-34) 85-e muxlis (romelic gamoiyeneba

SeCerebul saqmeebTan, maT Soris sakasacio sasamarTlos mier gansaxilvel

saqmeebTan mimarTebiT) mizania, mxareTa Soris uTanxmoebisas gamoasworos indeqsis

ararseboba da amgvarad SesaZlebeli gaxados premiis odenobis gamoTvla. es

sakanonmdeblo

debuleba,

romlis

gamoyenebis

Sesaxeb

mxareebs

SeeZloT

warmoedginaT mtkicebuleba, ar niSnavs saxelmwifos Carevas saxelmwifosa da

individebs Soris procesis msvlelobisas. igi ar ayenebs kiTxvis niSnis qveS

sasamarTloTa saboloo gadawyvetilebebs da sakonstitucio sabWom igi

konstituciurad gamoacxada. aqedan gamomdinareobs, rom igi ar ewinaaRmdegeba

adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa dacvis konvenciis me-6 muxlis

pirvel punqts an me-13 muxls.

sasamarTlos mier sakuTari iniciativiT wamoWrili safuZvlis Sesaxeb mxareebs

Seatyobines:

sazogadoebis janmrTelobisa da socialuri keTildReobis Sesaxeb 1994 wlis 18

ianvris aqtis (kanoni #94-43) 85-e muxlis gaTvaliswinebiT,

sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom e.w. specialuri danamati sirTulisaTvis unda

gamoiTvlebodes Tormetjer erTeulis safuZvelze, rogorc es gaTvaliswinebulia

1953 wlis SeTanxmebiT, da erTeulis Rirebuleba unda iyos is, rac miRebulia

moqmedi

koleqtiuri

SeTanxmebis

gadaxdebis

dasaTvlelad.

saapelacio

sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom xelSekrulebaSi ar iyo debuleba, romlis Tanaxmadac

arCeuli indeqsis moqmedeba damokidebuli iyo xelSekrulebis dadebisas arsebuli

klasifikaciis

moqmedebaze

da

sxvagvari

gadawyvetilebis

miReba

niSnavs

xelSekrulebisaTvis, romelic sakmarisad naTeli da zusti iyo, axali

debulebebis damatebas da Tavad xelSekrulebis bunebis Secvlas. man aseve

aRniSna, rom SeTanxmeba ar gamoricxavda erTeulis Rirebulebis cvlilebaTa

gaTvaliswinebas rangirebis reorganizaciis Sedegad da rom Sesabamisad erTeulis

Rirebuleba, romelic damtkicda 1963 wlis 10 ivnisisa da 1974 wlis 17 aprilis

xelSekrulebebiT, unda gamoiyenebodes specialuri danamatis Rirebulebis

gamosaTvlelad. man aseve aRniSna, rom specialuri danamatis gamoangariSebis

axali meTodi, romelic miiRes 1963 da 1974 wlebSi ganxorcielebuli

klasifikaciis cvlilebebis Semdeg, ar iyo SeTanxmebuli 1953 wlis 28 martis

SeTanxmebis

yvela

xelmomwerTan

da

vinaidan

arsebuli

indeqsi

kvlav

gamoiyeneboda, ar iyo aucilebeli imis dadgena, arsebobda Tu ara sxva praqtika.

da bolos, sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom 1953 wlis 28 martis SeTanxmeba

koleqtiuri xelSekruleba iyo, romlis kiTxvis niSnis qveS dayeneba SesaZlebeli

iqneboda mxolod misi gadasinjvis an gauqmebis SemTxvevaSi, rac ar momxdara.

1994 wlis 18 ianvris aqtis (kanoni #94-43) 58-e punqti awesebs e.w. sirTulisaTvis

specialuri danamatis odenobas yoveli gadaxdis periodisaTvis 3,95-jer erTeulis

RirebulebiT, rogorc es gansazRvrulia 1957 wlis 8 Tebervlis socialuri

uzrunvelyofis organoebis Sesaxeb erovnuli koleqtiuri xelSekrulebis

safuZvelze

dadebuli

gadaxdis

xelSekrulebebis

Sesabamisad.

vinaidan

gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebebi awesebs zemoaRniSnuli aqtisgan gansxvavebul

gamoTvlis meTods, es gadawyvetilebebi unda gauqmdes.

axali samoqalaqo kodeqsis 627-e muxlis me-2 punqtis Sesabamisad saqme unda

gadawydes Sesabamisi kanonis wesebis safuZvelze.

am mizezTa gamo:

sakasacio sasamarTlo auqmebs mecis saapelacio sasamarTlos mier am saqmeebze

1993 wlis 19, 20 da 21 aprils da 6 seqtembers gamotanil gaadwyvetilebebs, magram

mxolod im nawilSi, sadac saapelacio sasamarTlo acxadebda, rom e.w.

sirTulisaTvis specialuri danamati unda gamoiTvlebodes 12-jer erTeulis

safuZvelze da erTeulis Rirebuleba Seesabameba amJamad moqmedi koleqtiuri

SeTanxmebebiT gansazRvruls;

adgens, rom ar aris aucilebeli saqmis xelaxla mosmena;

adgens, rom specialuri danamatis Rirebuleba unda ganisazRvros yoveli

gadaxdis

periodisaTvis

3,95-jer

erTeulis

RirebulebiT,

rogorc

is

ganisazRvreba im periodisaTvis moqmedi socialuri uzrunvelyofis organoebis

Sesaxeb 1957 wlis 8 Tebervlis koleqtiuri dasaqmebis xelSekrulebis Sesabamisad

dadebuli gadaxdis xelSekrulebebiT;

...~

C. q-n gonzalesTan da sxvebTan dakavSirebuli gadawyvetilebebi

1. kolmaris samewarmeo tribunalis 1991 wlis 2 ivlisis gadawyvetilebebi

37. ganmcxadeblebma 1990 wlis 17 agvistos (q-nma gonzalesma, q-nma marim, q-nma

delakeriem, b-nma Sreiberma, q-nma kernma, b-nma gontiem, q-nma Sreiberma da b-nma

kosutam) da 1990 wlis 28 agvistos (q-nma memetom) mimarTes samewarmeo tribunals

1953 wlis SeTanxmebis safuZvelze da iTxovdnen specialuri danamatis

davalianebis gadaxdas da danamatis gamoTvlas 12-jer erTeulis safuZvelze

momavalSic. 1990 wlis 18 dekembers gamarTul samomrigeblo sxdomaze morigeba

ver moxerxda da 1991 wlis 9 aprils saqme gansaxilvelad gadaeca Sesabamis

kolegias.

38. 1991 wlis 2 ivlisis cxra gadawyvetilebaSi kolmaris samewarmeo tribunalma

daakmayofila mosarCeleebis moTxovna Semdeg safuZvelze:

`... 1953 wlis 28 marts xelmowerili xelSekruleba ..., romelmac SemoiRo 12-jer

erTeulis odenobis specialuri danamati sirTulisTvis, kvlav ZalaSia da SeiZina

kanonis Zala.

1953 wlis 2 ivniss saministrom daamtkica xelSekruleba.

socialuri

uzrunvelyofis

organoebis

TanamSromelTa

klasifikaciaSi

cvlilebebis Semdeg 1963 da 1974 wlebSi es danamati Seamcira socialuri

uzrunvelyofis samsaxurebis saerTo interesebisa da koordinaciis departamentma.

es departamenti aris sazedamxedvelo organo da igi ar warmoadgenda 1953 wlis

xelSekrulebis

mxares;

man

miiRo

calmxrivi

gadawyvetileba,

romelic

daamtkicebina socialuri uzrunvelyofis regionul ofissa da adgilobrivi

ofisebis sabWoebs.

Sesabamisad,

es

cvlilebebi

ar

aris

savaldebulo

[mosarCeleebisaTvis],

gansakuTrebiT imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom 1989 wlis 11 Tebervlis weriliT

solidarobis,

janmrTelobisa

da

socialuri

keTildReobis

saministrom

cvlilebisa,

ganacxada, rom xelSekruleba srulad unda Sesruldes.

garda

erTeulis

RirebulebaSi

ganxorcielebuli

calmxrivi

xelmomwer mxareebs ar SeutaniaT cvlilebebi 1953 wlis xelSekrulebaSi.

erovnuli koleqtiuri xelSekrulebis 63-e muxli – me-7 cxrili – iTvaliswinebs:

es xelSekruleba arc erT SemTxvevaSi ar SeiZleba warmoadgendes TanamSromelTa

mier xelmoweris dRisaTvis miRebuli SeRavaTebis Semcirebis safuZvels.~

Sesabamisad, 1953 wlis xelSekruleba gamoiyeneba mTlianad.

...~

2. kolmaris saapelacio sasamarTlos 1995 wlis 18 maisis gadawyvetileba

39. kolmaris CPAM-ma da elzasis regionis prefeqtma, romelTac warmoadgenda

elzasis regionis janmrTelobisa da socialuri saqmeebis direqtori, gaasaCivres

es gadawyvetilebebi 1991 wlis 10 seqtembers.

40. 1994 wlis 12 ivliss kolmaris saapelacio sasamarTlom saqmis ganxilvis

TariRad CaniSna 1994 wlis 18 oqtomberi. 1994 wlis 30 seqtembers, mas Semdeg, rac

apelantebma Seitanes ganacxadi 1994 wlis 18 ianvris aqtis safuZvelze,

mosarCeleebma Seitanes Sepasuxeba.

41. 1995 wlis 18 maisis xuT gadawyvetilebaSi kolmaris saapelacio sasamarTlom

gamoitana gadawyvetileba mosarCeleTa winaaRmdeg Semdeg safuZvelze:

`... [1994 wlis 18 ianvris aqtis (kanoni #94-43) 85-e muxlis] Sesabamisad

gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetileba unda gauqmdes, vinaidan sarCeli exeba periods 1983

wlis Semdeg. ...~

3. sakasacio sasamarTlos 1996 wlis 18 ivnisis gadawyvetileba

42. 1995 wlis 13 da 17 ivliss mosarCeleebma sakasacio saCivari Seitanes sakasacio

sasamarTloSi. maT sruli saCivari Seitanes 1995 wlis 13 oqtombers da damatebiTi

saCivari 1996 wlis 10 Tebervals. Sepasuxeba Seitanes 1995 wlis 22 dekembers. 1996

wlis 1 Tebervals arCeulma momxsenebelma mosamarTlem angariSi waradgina 1996

wlis 16 Tebervals.

43. 1996 wlis 6 maisis mosmenis Semdeg 1996 wlis 18 ivniss sakasacio sasamarTlom

mosarCeleebis sakasacio saCivari miuReblad gamoacxada:

`... im saqmeebSi, romlebSic ar aris aucilebeli, rom mxareebi warmodgenilni

iyvnen saxelmwifo sabWos (Conseil d’Etat) wevris mier da sakasacio sasamarTlos

kolegiis mier, samarTlebriv sakiTxebze saCivari unda waradginos da gadasces

TviT mxarem an misma warmomadgenelma, visac gaaCnia saTanado uflebamosileba.

mxareebis mier Setanili sakasacio saCivari ar Seicavs saCivris safuZvelze

miTiTebas; amgvar informacias Seicavs gancxadeba, romelic daigzavna axali

samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis 983-e muxlis Sesabamisad samTvian periodSi, Tumca

igi Seadgina warmomadgenelma, romelsac ar gaaCnda uflebamosilebis

damadasturebeli dokumenti.

Sesabamisad, sakasacio saCivari miuRebelia.~

II. Sesabamisi Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi kanonmdebloba

A. socuzrunvelyofis organoebis maregulirebeli zogadi principebi

44. janmrTelobis dazRvevis erovnul, regionul da adgilobriv ofisebs akisriaT

sazogadoebis momsaxurebis funqcia (sakonstitucio sabWos gadawyvetileba # 82-

148 DC, 1982 wlis 14 dekemberi) da swored amitom aqvT miniWebuli specialuri

samTavrobo uflebamosilebebi da amave mizezis gamo zedamxedvelobs maT

socuzrunvelyofaze pasuxismgebeli ministri. isini marTaven savaldebulo

socuzrunvelyofis sqemas, gaaCniaT saxelmwifo biujetidan gamocalkevebuli

sakuTari biujeti.

socuzrunvelyofaze pasuxismgebel ministrs akisria maTi zedamxedvelobis

funqcia, raSic mas exmarebian saministros departamentebi, kerZod, centraluri

departamenti da janmrTelobisa da socuzrunvelyofis adgilobrivi regionuli

departamentebi, aseve socialuri saqmeebis erovnuli inspeqtorati. ministrs aseve

warmoadgenen departamentis an regionis prefeqtebi, rogorc pirebi, romlebic

warmoadgenen saxelmwifo xelisuflebas, da mTavrobis delegatebis saxiT premier-

ministris da yoveli ministris uSualo warmomadgenlebi.

zedamxedvelobis funqcia vrceldeba upirveles yovlisa pirebze, iTvaliswinebs

garkveul SemTxvevebSi socuzrunvelyofis ofisebis sabWos daSlas an saqmianobis

SeCerebas, aseTi sabWoebis nebismieri wevris moxsnas an misi gadayenebis moTxovnas,

menejmentis TanamSromelTa daniSvnaze Tanxmobis gamoxatvas an uaris Tqmas, aseve

Sesaferisi kandidatebis siis Sedgenas. zedamxedvelobis funqcia aseve moicavs

gadawyvetilebebsac. saministros departamentebs aqvT uflebamosileba, gaauqmon an

SeaCeron garkveul garemoebebSi adgilobrivi socuzrunvelyofis sabWoebis an

direqtorebis gadawyvetilebebi da winaaRmdegoba gauwion erovnuli organoebis

gadawyvetilebebs. maT unda daamtkicon socuzrunvelyofis ofisebis zogierTi

gadawyvetileba, kerZod, sakonstitucio da saproceduro wesebi da koleqtiuri

xelSekrulebebi TanamSromelTa saqmianobis reglamentirebisa da pensiaze gasvlis

wesebis Sesaxeb.

da bolos, socuzrunvelyofis organoebi arian ekonomikur saqmeTa da finansTa

ministris zedamxedvelobis qveS da maTi monitoringi SeiZleba Caataron

regionulma saxazino oficrebma da saaudito sasamarTlom, aseve sajaro

finansebis inspeqtoratis auditorebma.

B. 1994 wlis 18 ianvris #94-43 kanoni

45. kanonis Sesabamisi debulebis Tanaxmad:

muxli 85

`sawinaaRmdegos Sesaxeb sasamarTlos saboloo arsebiTi gadawyvetilebis

ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi, 1953 wlis 28 martis SeTanxmebiT ba-rinis, ot-rinisa da

mozelis

departamentebis

socialuri

uzrunvelyofis

organoebis

TanamSromelTaTvis SemoRebuli specialuri danamati 1983 wlis 1 dekembridan

dawesdeba 3,95-jer erTeulis RirebulebiT, rogorc is ganisazRvreba gadaxdis

xelSekrulebebiT, da gadaixdeba weliwadSi 12-jer. es debuleba gamoiyeneba

miuxedavad

nebismieri

sawinaaRmdego

individualuri

Tu

koleqtiuri

xelSekrulebisa, romelic 85-e muxlis amoqmedebisaTvis kvlav ZalaSia. amave

periodidan wliuri saSobao premia gaizrdeba imgvarad, rom aisaxos dekembris

Tvis specialuri danamati.~

procedura komisiis winaSe

46. b-nma zelinskim da b-nma pradalma komisias mimarTes 1995 wlis 5 ivliss; q-nma

gonzalesma – 1996 wlis 16 agvistos; q-nma marim, q-nma delakeriem, b-nma Sreiberma,

q-nma kernma, b-nma gontiem, q-nma Sreiberma, q-nma memetom da b-nma kosutam – 1996

wlis 9 seqtembers. ganmcxadeblebi asaCivrebdnen konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli

punqtis da me-13 muxlis darRvevas.

47. 1996 wlis 26 noembers komisiam b-ni zelinskisa da b-ni pradalis ganacxadi

(#24846/94) dasaSvebad miiCnia. 1997 wlis 22 oqtombers komisiam q-ni gonzalesisa da

sxvebis

ganacxadebic

(##34165/96-34173/96)

dasaSvebad

miiCnia

procesis

samarTlianobasa da xangrZlivobasTan mimarTebiT, xolo sxva nawilebTan

mimarTebiT – dauSveblad. 1997 wlis 3 seqtembris da 1998 wlis 21 oqtombris

angariSebSi (konvenciis adre moqmedi 31-e muxli) komisiam erTxmad miiCnia, rom

dairRva konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli punqti procesis samarTlianobasTan

dakavSirebiT da ar iyo aucilebeli saqmis ganxilva konvenciis me-13 muxlTan

mimarTebiT; q-ni gonzalesis, q-ni maris, q-ni delakeries, b-ni Sreiberis, q-ni

kernis, b-ni gonties, q-ni Sreiberis, q-ni memetosa da b-ni kosutas SemTxvevaSi aseve

dairRva konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli punqti procesis xangrZlivobasTan

mimarTebiT. komisiis mosazrebis sruli teqsti am gadawyvetilebas Tan aqvs

darTuli⁵.

sasamarTlosaTvis wardgenili saboloo poziciebi

48. sasamarTlosaTvis wardgenil memorandumSi (axsna-ganmartebaSi) mTavrobam

sTxova sasamarTlos, daedgina, rom axali aqtis debulebebis gamoyeneba

ganmcxadebelTa mieré Setanil saqmeze, romelTa ganxilvac im momentisaTvis

droebiT SeCerebuli iyo, ar warmoadgenda konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli punqtis

da me-13 muxlis darRvevas.

49. ganmcxadeblebi sTxovdnen sasamarTlos, daedgina, rom dairRva konvenciis me-6

muxlis pirveli punqti da maTTvis konvenciis 41-e muxlis Sesabamisad mieniWebina

samarTliani dakmayofileba.

samarTali

I. konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli punqtis savaraudo darRveva procesis

samarTlianobasTan dakavSirebiT

50. ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom 1994 wlis 18 ianvris aqtis (kanoni #94-43)

miRebam gamoiwvia konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli punqtis darRveva. am muxlis

Tanaxmad:

`samoqalaqo uflebaTa da movaleobaTa gansazRvrisas ... yvelas aqvs... gonivrul

vadaSi misi saqmis samarTliani ... ganxilvis ufleba ... sasamarTlos mier.

51. ganmcxadeblebma aRniSnes, rom mas Semdeg, rac sakasacio sasamarTlo ar

daeTanxma msgavs saqmeebze gamotanil gadawyvetilebebs, bezansonis saapelacio

sasamarTlo, xelaxla ixilavda ra am saqmeebs sakasacio sasamarTlos

gadawyvetilebaSi miTiTebul sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT, daadgina, rom specialuri

danamatis gamoangariSeba unda momxdariyo minimaluri xelfasis 6,1055%-is

safuZvelze; amasTan, saapelacio sasamarTlom daniSna damatebiTi mosmena, raTa

ganxorcielebuliyo saTanado gaangariSeba (ix. punqtebi 21-22). am gadawyvetilebis

gamotanamde b-ni zelinskisa da b-ni pradalis sasargeblod ukve gamotanili iyo

kidev ufro xelsayreli gadawyvetileba, vinaidan mecis saapelacio sasamarTlom

specialuri danamatis Rirebulebad daadgina 12-jer erTeuli (ix. punqti 33).

ganmcxadebelTa sasargeblo gadawyvetilebebi gamoitanes gansaxilveli aqtis

miRebamde. ganmcxadeblebs miaCniaT, rom aqtis miRebas Sedegad mohyva, sul mcire,

saqmis Sedegebis Secvla saxelmwifos sasargeblod.

ganmcxadeblebi ar daeTanxmnen mosazrebas, rom aqtis miRebis mizani iyo

momavalSi winaaRmdegobrivi gadawyvetilebebis miRebis Tavidan acileba. pirvel

rigSi maT aRniSnes, rom franguli samarTlis Tanaxmad, saqmis faqtobriv mxares

swavlobs pirveli instanciisa da saapelacio sasamarTlo, xolo sakasacio

sasamarTlo ixilavs mxolod samarTlebriv sakiTxebs. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo

sistemis damaxasiaTebeli niSani iyo is, rom erTi da imave saqmis ganxilvisas

sxvadasxva sasamarTlos SeiZleboda gansxvavebulad Seefasebina `faqtobrivi

garemoebebi~. aseTi gansxvavebebi TavisTavad ar amarTlebs kanonmdeblis mxridan

Carevas. meore, mocemul saqmeze ar arsebobda aseTi riski. saqme Seexeboda

eqskluziur danamats sami departamentis TanamSromlebisaTvis; Sesabamisad,

mxolod bezansonisa da mecis saapelacio sasamarTloebs gaaCndaT Cveulebrivi

iurisdiqcia saqmeebis gansaxilvelad. 1992 wlis 22 aprilis gadawyvetilebis

Semdeg saqme gansaxilvelad gadaeca sakasacio sasamarTlos, romelmac gaauqma

gadawyvetilebebi da daadgina, rom saqme xelaxla unda moesmina isev meore

saapelacio sasamarTlos, kerZod, bezansonis saapelacio sasamarTlos (ix. zemoT,

punqti 19).

rac Seexeba sakanonmdeblo Carevis saWiroebas socuzrunvelyofis sqemebis

stabilurobis SesanarCuneblad, ganmcxadeblebma ganacxades, rom saqme exeboda

mxolod sami departamentis TanamSromlebs da, Sesabamisad, Tanxa metismetad

mcire iyo socuzrunvelyofis mTlian biujetTan SedarebiT.

ganmcxadebelTa azriT, am SemTxvevaSi usargeblo iyo saqmeze The National & Provincial

Building Society, Leeds Permanent Building Society and Yorkshire Building Society v. the United Kingdom

(1997 wlis 23 oqtombris gadawyvetileba, Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1997-VII)

miTiTeba. mocemul saqmeSi ganmcxadeblebi ar cdilobdnen, esargeblaT SecdomiT,

romelic ewinaaRmdegeboda kanonmdebelTa nebas, aramed isini cdilobdnen,

daedginaT damqiravebelTa da daqiravebulTa neba koleqtiuri xelSekrulebis

dadebis momentisaTvis, saidanac gamomdinareobda sadavo uflebebi. kanonis

pirdapiri

mizani

iyo,

xeli

SeeSala

xelSekrulebis

mxareTa

nebis

ganxorcielebisaTvis saxelmwifosTvis xelsayreli mdgomareobis SeqmniT. amasTan

dakavSirebiT ganmcxadeblebma miuTiTes saqmeze Papageorgiou v. Greece (1997 wlis 22

oqtomberi, Reports 1997-VI). erTaderTi da, rogorc aRmoCnda, realuri safrTxe

saxelmwifosaTvis iyo is, rom SeiZleboda sasamarTlos ar gaeziarebina misi

pozicia. ukuqceviTi Zalis mqone sakanonmdeblo aqtis miRebis mTavari mizani is

iyo, rom saxelmwifos pretenzias upiratesi Zala hqonoda, miuxedavad imisa, Tu ra

daadgina sasamarTlom. sakasacio sasamarTloc da kolmaris saapelacio

sasamarTloc iZulebulni iyvnen, gamoeyenebinaT aqtis debulebebi q-ni gonzalesis,

q-ni maris, q-ni delakeries, b-ni Sreiberis, q-ni kernis, b-ni gonties, q-ni Sreiberis,

q-ni memetosa da b-ni kosutas saqmis ganxilvisas.

52. sakanonmdeblo debulebaTa ukuqceviT ZalasTan dakavSirebiT mTavrobam

upirveles yovlisa aRniSna, rom orsafexuriani gamokvleva uzrunvelyofs

samarTlebriv Tanamimdevrulobas, rac sasamarTlos procesis mniSvnelovani

elementia. pirveli gamokvleva Catarda sakonstitucio sabWos mier aRniSnuli

debulebebis ganxilvisas. sabWom ar ganixila debulebaTa Sesabamisoba adamianis

uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa dacvis konvenciasTan; unda aRiniSnos, rom

sakonstitucio sabWos precedentuli samarTali araerT sakiTxTan mimarTebiT

srul SesabamisobaSia evropuli sasamarTlos praqtikasTan. sakonstitucio sabWo

gansakuTrebuli sifrTxiliT ekideboda im kanonebis gamoyenebis Zalian viwrod

ganmartebas, romelTa mizani iyo arsebuli praqtikis kanonier CarCoSi moqceva (lois

de validation). sabWom gansazRvra, rom sami kriteriumi unda dakmayofildes, raTa

aseTi kanoni konstituciuri iyos. kanonmdebloba SeiZleba iyos mxolod

prevenciuli; sakanonmdeblo aqti ar unda ewinaaRmdegebodes princips, rom

sisxlissamarTlebriv normas ara aqvs ukuqceviTi Zala; kanonmdebeli unda Caerios

mxolod saerTo interesis safuZvelze. meore gamokvleva Caatares Cveulebrivma

sasamarTloebma

axali

kanonmdeblobis

SeCerebul

saqmeebze

gamoyenebisas.

arsebuli praqtikis dakanonebis mizniT kanonebi ZiriTadad gamoicemoda

administraciuli samarTlis sferoSi; swored amitom aris sakasacio sasamarTlos

praqtika esoden mwiri am sakiTxTan mimarTebiT. Tumca sasamarTlos araerTi

gadawyvetileba arsebobda normatiuli aqtis ukuqceviTi Zalisa da ganmartebis

Sesaxeb. sasamarTloebi SezRudulad iyenebdnen aseT kanonebs mimdinare saqmeebze,

vinaidan isini [kanonebi] ar SeiZleba pirvelad gamoiyenos sakasacio sasamarTlom

da ar SeiZleba maT safuZvelze gadawyvetilebis gauqmeba, Tu am ukanasknelis

gasaCivreba Cveulebrivi wesiT SeuZlebelia.

53. mTavrobas miaCnda, rom ganmcxadeblebs ar SeeZloT kanonmdeblis mier

aRniSnuli debulebebis miRebis gasaCivreba. konvenciis 34-e muxli krZalavs actio

popularis gancxadebis Setanas da 1994 wlis 18 ianvars miRebuli aqtis 85-e muxli

dakavSirebuli iyo mxareTa Tanasworobis sakiTxTan. Sesabamisad, problema

arsebobda kanonis saqmis garemoebebTan gamoyenebasTan mimarTebiT.

mTavrobis gancxadebis Tanaxmad, gansaxilveli debulebebi miiRes saerTo

interesis safuZvelze da maT `kanonieri mizani~ gaaCnda. pirvel rigSi, mizani iyo

momavalSi winaaRmdegobrivi sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebebis gamotanis Tavidan

acileba. 1992 wlis 22 aprilis sam gadawyvetilebaSi sakasacio sasamarTlom miiRo

logikuri gadawyvetileba, rom danamatis gamoangariSebis indeqsi aRar arsebobda;

am gadawyvetilebis Sedegad dabali instanciis sasamarTloebs SeiZleboda mieRoT

winaaRmdegobrivi gadawyvetilebebi, vinaidan saqmeebi sam sxvadasxva saapelacio

sasamarTlos unda ganexila. bezansonis, kolmarisa da mecis saapelacio

sasamarTloebma saqmeebi erTmaneTisagan gansxvavebulad gadawyvites (ix. zemoT,

punqtebi 16, 20, 21, 35 da 41). aseTi gansxvavebuli gadawyvetilebebis miReba

mosalodnelia momavalSic. meores mxriv, mTavrobam ganacxada, rom aucilebeli

iyo socuzrunvelyofis sqemebis finansuri mdgradobisTvis safrTxis Tavidan

acileba, rac aRniSna kidec sakonstitucio sabWom. garda amisa, sasamarTlos

qmedebas SeiZleboda safrTxe Seeqmna socuzrunvelyofis sajaro samsaxuris

arsebobisaTvis.

TanamSromelTa

xarjebis

uecari

zrda

gamoiwvevda

socuzrunvelyofis sistemaSi dazRveul pirTaTvis gadasaxdelad asignebuli

Tanxebis odenobis Semcirebas, vinaidan kanonis miRebis momentisaTvis 9 000

TanamSromlidan 5 000 TanamSromelma sarCeli Seitana sasamarTloSi. Tu es

sarCelebi dakmayofildeboda, maSin am organoebis biujeti Semcirdeboda

daaxloebiT 350 000 000 frankiT. Sesabamisad, 1994 wlis 18 ianvris aqtis miRebis

safuZveli iyo saerTo interesi (ix. gadawyvetileba saqmeze The National & Provincial

Building Society, Leeds Permanent Building Society and Yorkshire Building Society).

54. mTavrobis azriT, xelisuflebis keTilsindisiereba ar iyo sadavo. aqtis

miRebis mizani iyo ara specialuri danamatis dausabuTebeli Semcireba, aramed

specialuri danamatis fiqsirebulad gansazRvra TanamSromelTa SemosavlebSi.

amisaTvis kanonSemoqmedma gaiziara kolmaris saapelacio sasamarTlos mier

gamoyenebuli gza (ix. zemoT, punqti 20). kanonmdeblis ganzraxva Zalian martivi

iyo: momxdariyo gadasvla gamoangariSebis im meTodze, rac gaTvaliswinebuli iyo

gadaxdis Tavdapirveli xelSekrulebiT. garda amisa, papageorgius saqmisagan (ix.

zemoT miTiTebuli gadawyvetileba) gansxvavebiT, 1994 wlis 18 ianvris aqtis 85-e

muxlsa da aqtis danarCen debulebebs Soris kavSiri aSkarad daadgina da

daadastura sakonstitucio sabWos gadawyvetilebam. mTavrobam aseve miiCnia, rom

mocemuli saqme aseve unda ganvasxvavoT saqmisgan Stran Greek Refineries and Stratis

Andreadis v. Greece (1994 wlis 9 dekembris gadawyvetileba, Series A #301-B).

garda amisa, mTavrobas miaCnda, rom arsebobda `marTlzomieri proporciuli

damokidebuleba~ kanonSemoqmedis mizansa da mis mier gamoyenebul saSualebebs

Soris. pirvel rigSi, sakasacio sasamarTlos ar SeeZlo, erTiani gadawyvetileba

daekisrebina sxvadasxva saapelacio sasamarTloebisaTvis, radgan misi saqmea

mxolod saqmis samarTlebrivi da ara faqtobrivi mxaris ganxilva. vinaidan manamde

arsebul saqmeebSi sakasacio sasamarTlom daadgina, rom xelSekrulebis dadebisas

mxareTa ganzraxvis garkveva an praqtikis SeTanxmeba faqtobrivi mxare iyo,

Sesabamisad, kanonmdeblis Careva, raTa qveyanaSi damkvidrebuliyo specialuri

danamatis gamoTvlis erTiani meTodi, aucilebeli iyo. meores mxriv, es saqme

dakavSirebulia saqmesTn National & Provincial Building Society, Leeds Permanent Building Society

and Yorkshire Building Society (ix. zemoT miTiTebuli gadawyvetileba): zogierTma

profkavSirma mogvianebiT daiwyo `teqnikuri xarvezidan~ gamomdinare sargeblis

miReba koleqtiuri xelSekrulebis kanonieri moqmedebis dawyebidan ramdenime

weliwadSi.

Sesabamisad,

SeuZlebelia,

ganmcxadeblebma

ar

icodnen,

rom

xelisufleba ar dauSvebs, rom `teqnikurma xarvezma~ safrTxe Seuqmnas

socuzrunvelyofis sqemebs. mTavrobam aseve aRniSna, rom saxelmwifom, romelsac

specifikuri adgili ekava am davaSi, ar mimarTa dainteresebuli mxaris

gansaxilvel kanonmdeblobas (intuitu personae), rogorc saberZneTi iyo braldebuli

amis gakeTebaSi saqmeSi Stran Greek Refineries and Stratis Andreadis (ix. zemoT miTiTebuli

gadawyvetileba). ganmcxadeblebi ar iyvnen saxelmwifo moxeleebi, maTi saqmianoba

xvdeboda kerZo samarTlis moqmedebis sferoSi da isini dasaqmebulni iyvnen

adgilobrivi

socuzrunvelyofis

ofisebSi,

romelTac

gaaCniaT

finansuri

avtonomia. swored amitom iurisdiqcia am saqmeze gaaCnda Cveulebriv da ara

administraciul sasamarTlos. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo procesSi saxelmwifo iyo

mxare Zalian arapirdapiri saxiT, rogorc socuzrunvelyofis ofisebis `mcveli~

da socuzrunvelyofis sqemebis saerTo interesebidan gamomdinare. da bolos,

mTavrobam miiCnia, rom sakanonmdeblo aqtis farglebi SeZlebisdagvarad viwro

iyo. saqmeSi Stran Greek Refineries and Stratis Andreadis (ix. zemoT miTiTebuli

gadawyvetileba) arsebuli poziciisgan gansxvavebiT, aqtis mizani ar yofila,

CaSliliyo SeCerebuli saqmeebi, vinaidan naTlad iyo miTiTebuli, rom aqtis

moqmedebis sferos scildeboda sasamarTloTa is gadawyvetilebebi arsebiT

sakiTxebze, romlebic sabolood Sevida ZalaSi.

55. rac Seexeba davis gadasaWrelad axali kanonis gamoyenebis Sedegebs, mTavrobam

miiCnia, rom mocemuli saqmis garemoebebi gansxvavdeboda saqmeebSi National &

Provincial Building Society, Leeds Permanent Building Society and Yorkshire Building Society, Stran Greek

Refineries and Stratis Andreadis and Papageorgiou miTiTebuli garemoebebisagan (ix.

zemoxsenebuli gadawyvetilebebi).

mecis saapelacio sasamarTlom gamoitana b-ni zelinskisa da b-ni pradalis

sasargeblo gadawyvetileba, Tumca misi dasabuTeba ewinaaRmdegeboda sakasacio

sasamarTlos mosazrebas, romelmac CaTvala, rom indeqsi aRar arsebobda (ix.

zemoT, punqtebi 18 da 35). samarTalwarmoebis Sedegi Sesabamisad iyo bevrad ufro

sadavo, vidre adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos mier aqamde ganxilul

saqmeebSi. mTavrobam aRniSna, rom axali kanonis retrospeqtiuli gamoyeneba

SeCerebuli saqmeebis mimarT Seesabameboda konvencias, Tu jer ar iyo gamotanili

gadawyvetileba, romlis gasaCivreba aRar SeiZleba Cveulebrivi proceduris

gamoyenebiT.

mecis

saapelacio

sasamarTlos

ukve

gamotanili

hqonda

gadawyvetileba b-ni zelinskisa da b-ni pradalis sasargeblod maSin, rodesac

axali kanoni SeviZa ZalaSi. miuxedavad amisa, sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom

ar arsebobda axali kanonis gamoyenebis xelisSemSleli garemoebebi, vinaidan

aqtis mizani iyo indeqsis gaqrobis Sedegad Seqmnili situaciis gamosworeba.

rac Seexeba q-n gonzaless, q-n maris, q-n delakeries, b-n Sreibers, q-n kerns, b-n

gonties, q-n Sreibers, q-n memetos da b-n kosutas, mTavrobam ganacxada, rom

kolmaris saapelacio sasamarTlos 1991 wlis

2

ivlisis gadawyvetilebis

gasaCivreba SeiZleboda, isini gasaCivrebuli iyo maTi SeCerebis moTxovniT.

Sesabamisad, ganmcxadeblebis sasargeblod gamotanili gadawyvetileba arc

saboloo iyo da arc aRsrulebas eqvemdebareboda. SeuZlebeli iyo [praqtikis]

kanonierad gadaqcevis mizniT miRebuli aqtis miReba imgvarad, rom mas gavlena ar

moexdina mimdinare saqmeebze, miuxedavad imisa, ganxilvis ra etapze iyvnen isini.

Tu aqtis gamoyeneba ar moxdeboda mimdinare saqmeebTan mimarTebiT, maSin aqtis

arseboba mniSvnelobas dakargavda da gamoiwvevda diskriminaciul midgomas im

pirTa mimarT, romelTac ukve Setanili hqondaT sarCeli, maT Soris im pirTa

mimarTac,

visac

kanonis

miRebis

momentisaTvis

ar

hqonda

mimarTuli

sasamarTlosaTvis da momavalSi sarCelis Setanis SemTxvevaSi aqti maT winaaRmdeg

iqneboda gamoyenebuli. mTavrobam aRniSna, rom sakanonmdeblo aqts ar hqonia

araproporciuli Sedegi ganmcxadeblebTan mimarTebiT, vinaidan marTalia, aqti

savaldebulod Sesasrulebeli iyo kolmaris saapelacio sasamarTlosaTvis, ar

unda daviviwyoT, rom imave sasamarTlom 1993 wlis 23 seqtembers miiRo

gadawyvetileba, romelSic sasamarTlom igive pozicia daiWira, rac 1994 wlis 18

ianvris aqtma (ix. zemoT, punqti 20).

56. komisiam miiCnia, rom 1974 wlis 18 ianvris aqtma Zalze martivad daakanona

saxelmwifos pozicia mis winaaRmdeg Setanil saqmeebSi, romlebic jer kidev ar

iyo dasrulebuli. komisiam aRniSna, rom saxelmwifos pozicia uaryves saqmis

ganmxilvelma sasamarTloebma, romlebic upiratesobas ganmcxadebelTa pozicias

aniWebdnen. man aseve miiCnia, rom sakanonmdeblo aqtma Secvala gadawyvetilebebi

erTxel da samudamod da ganamtkica mTavrobis pozicia, vinaidan aqti pirdapir

iTvaliswinebda mis ukuqceviT moqmedebas. mas Semdeg, rac sakonstitucio sabWom

daadastura

aqtis

Sesabamisoba

konstituciasTan,

sakasacio

sasamarTlos

gadawyvetileba gardauvali gaxda. rac Seexeba kolmaris saapelacio sasamarTlos

1993 wlis 23 seqtembris gadawyvetilebebis Sedegad Camoyalibebul `praqtikas~,

romelic gansaxilveli aqtis debulebebis analogiurad udgeboda Seqmnil

situacias, komisiam miiCnia, rom, miuxedavad amisa, saxelmwifo ar Tavisufldeboda

valdebulebisagan,

ar

Careuliyo

sasamarTlos

gansaxilveli

saqmeebis

msvlelobaSi gadawyvetilebaze gavlenis moxdenis mizniT.

Sesabamisad, komisiam daaskvna, rom saxelmwifo motyuebiT Caeria im saqmis

msvlelobaSi, romlis Sedegi naTeli iyo, romlis mxaresac igi warmoadgenda da

romelic arsebiTad gadawyvetili iyo [saxelmwifos] winaaRmdeg.

57. sasamarTlom kidev erTxel aRniSna, rom kanonmdebels aqvs uflebamosileba,

samoqalaqo samarTlis sferoSi miiRos ukuqceviTi Zalis mqone debulebebi,

romlebic aregulirebs kanonidan gamomdinare uflebebs, Tumca me-6 muxliT

ganmtkicebuli samarTliani sasamarTlos ufleba gamoricxavs kanonmdeblis

mxridan nebismier Carevas, garda imisa, romelic xdeba namdvilad saerTo

interesis mizniT

–

samarTalwarmoebaSi, romlis mizania davis Taobaze

sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis dadgena (ix. zemoT miTiTebuli gadawyvetilebebi

saqmeebze Stran Greek Refineries and Stratis Andreadis, punqti 49; Papageorgiou, punqti 37; da

National & Provincial Building Society, Leeds Permanent Building Society and Yorkshire Building Society,

punqti 112).

58. mocemul saqmeSi, zemoaRniSnuli saqmeebis msgavsad, sasamarTlos ar SeuZlia

ganixilos 1994 wlis 18 ianvris aqtis (kanoni #94-43) 85-e muxlis Sinaarsis gavlena

(efeqti) misi miRebis meTodsa da droSi moqmedebasTan erTad.

aqtis 85-e muxli pirdapir gamoricxavda moqmedebis sferodan im gadawyvetilebebs,

romlebic

ukve

ZalaSi

Sevida,

Tumca

gansazRvravda

Cveulebrivi

sasamarTloebisaTvis gadacemuli msgavsi saqmeebis pirobebs da Tanac ukuqceviTi

ZaliT,

xelSekrulebebis

momentisaTvis (ix. zemoT, punqti 45).

`miuxedavad

amis

sawinaaRmdego

koleqtiuri

ZalaSia

an

individualuri

gamoqveynebis

debulebebisa,

romlebic

aqtis

meores

mxriv,

85-e

muxli

iyo

`sazogadoebis

janmrTelobisa

da

socuzrunvelyofis~ Sesaxeb aqtis nawili (ix. zemoT, punqti 23). mimdinareobda am

aqtis saparlamento ganxilva da mxolod bezansonis saapelacio sasamarTlos 1993

wlis 13 oqtombris gadawyvetilebis Semdeg Sevida cvlileba specialuri

danamatis Sesaxeb.

da bolos, 85-e muxlma Zalze martivad daakanona procesis dros saxelmwifos

mier gamoxatuli pozicia. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom saqmis faqtobrivi

garemoebebis

ganmxilveli

sasamarTloebis

gadawyvetilebaTa

rom mecis

umravlesoba

saapelacio

ganmcxadebelTa

sasargeblod

iyo. aRsaniSnavia,

sasamarTlom saqme gadawyvita Tavidan bolomde socuzrunvelyofis ofisebis

TanamSromelTa sasargeblod (ix. zemoT, punqti 35), kolmaris saapelacio

sasamarTlom ki, kolmaris samewarmeo tribunalisgan gansxvavebiT, uaryo

sarCelebi (ix. punqtebi 20, 38 da 41). amasTan, gansakuTrebiT unda aRiniSnos

bezansonis saapelacio sasamarTlos specialuri roli, vinaidan man xelaxla

ganixila saqme sakasacio sasamarTlos 1992 wlis 22 aprilis gadawyvetilebebis

Semdeg (ix. zemoT, punqtebi 19 da 12). bezansonis saapelacio sasamarTlos unda

gadaewyvita

dava

faqtobriv

garemoebebTan

dakavSirebiT

TviT

sakasacio

sasamarTlos mier manamde Camoyalibebul samarTlebriv CarCoebSi (ix. zemoT,

punqtebi 18 da 19). mihyveboda ra zedmiwevniT sakasacio sasamarTlos 1992 wlis 22

aprilis gadawyvetilebebSi gansazRvrul sakiTxebs, bezansonis saapelacio

sasamarTlom daadgina, rom ar Camoyalibebula aranairi praqtika da uaryo

saxelmwifos mier SeTavazebuli meTodi. man daadgina axali indeqsi da neba

darTo socuzrunvelyofis organoebis zogierT TanamSromels, ganmeorebiT

Seetana sarCeli; saapelacio sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom specialuri danamatis

gamoangariSeba unda moxdes minimaluri xelfasis 6,1055%-is safuZvelze, vinaidan

es

procenti

Seesabameboda

specialuri

danamatis

odenobas,

romelic

gamoiTvleboda 1953 wels arsebuli erTeulis Tormetze gamravlebiT. es

gadawyvetileba sakiTxs naTels hfenda, amave dros, ar gascilda sakasacio

sasamarTlos mier dadgenil farglebs da ganmcxadebelTaTvis sasargeblo iyo,

vinaidan aseTi gadawyvetilebis Sedegad TiTqmis gaormagda socuzrunvelyofis

organoebis mier faqtobrivad gadaxdili danamati; man ganamtkica, agreTve,

mosarCeleebis ufleba, moeTxovaT ramdenime wlis gamavlobaSi gansxvavebis saxiT

dagrovili davalianebis gadaxda (ix. zemoT, punqtebi 21-22).

59. sasamarTlo ver xsnis, Tu ratom iyo aucilebeli sakanonmdeblo Careva

winaaRmdegobrivi gadawyvetilebebis arsebobisas, rodesac procesi jer kidev ar

iyo dasrulebuli. igi miiCnevs, rom aseTi gansxvavebebi damaxasiaTebelia

safrangeTis

msgavsi

sasamarTlo

mqone

sistemebisaTvis,

pirveli

romlebic

da

eyrdnoba

teritoriuli

iurisdiqciis

instanciisa

saapelacio

sasamarTloebis qsels. vinaidan sakasacio sasamarTlos roli swored isaa, rom

gadaWras winaaRmdegobani qveda instanciis sasamarTloebis gadawyvetilebebs

Soris, rTulia imis gansazRvra, Tu ra gadawyvetilebas miaRwevda igi [sakasacio

sasamarTlo] arsebuli winaaRmdegobrivi gadawyvetilebebis arsebobisas im

SemTxvevaSi, Tu parlamenti ar miiRebda 1994 wlis 18 ianvris aqts.

sasamarTlos azriT, saqmis garemoebebi ar iZleva saSualebas, vamtkicoT, rom

kanonmdeblis Careva winaswarganWvretadi iyo; piriqiT, isini ganamtkiceben

mosazrebas, rom Tavdapirveli mizani Selaxuli iyo (ix. zemoT miTiTebuli

gadawyvetileba saqmeze The National & Provincial Building Society, Leeds Permanent Building

Society and Yorkshire Building Society, gv. 2362-63, punqtebi 110-12), vinaidan dava Seexeboda im

xelSekrulebis

gamoyenebas,

romelic

saTanado

procedurebis

Sesabamisad

ganixiles da miiRes dainteresebulma damqiraveblebma da profkavSirebma.

sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom saxelmwifos winaSe wamoWrili finansuri safrTxe (ix.

zemoT, punqti 53), rac sakonstitucio sabWom pirdapir aRniSna gadawyvetilebis

dasabuTebisas (ix. zemoT, punqti 26), ver amarTlebs kanonmdeblis mier davis

gadaWris mizniT koleqtiuri xelSekrulebis mxareebis Secvlas. amasTan

dakavSirebiT sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom mTavrobis gancxadebis Tanaxmad, Tu

Setanili

sarCelebi

dakmayofildeboda,

socuzrunvelyofis

organoebi

dakargavdnen 350 000 000 franks, Tumca mas ar warmoudgenia SedarebiTi monacemebi,

kerZod, 9 000 TanamSromlis mTliani xarji da elzas-mozelis socuzrunvelyofis

organoebSi jandacvaze danaxarjebis detalebi.

85-e

muxlis

miRebam

arsebiTad

gadawyvita

dava.

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

sasamarTloebis mier am debulebis gamoyenebam, gansakuTrebiT ki sakasacio

sasamarTlos 1995 wlis 2 martis gadawyvetilebebSi, uazrobad aqcia procesis

gagrZeleba.

komisiis msgavsad, sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom sakonstitucio sabWos gadawyvetileba

ar aris sakmarisi imis dasadgenad, namdvilad Seesabameba Tu ara 1994 wlis 18

ianvris aqtis 85-e muxli konvencias (ix. zemoT, punqti 26).

zemoaRniSnulis gaTvaliswinebiT sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom ar SeiZleba

gansxvavebis daweseba im pirebs, romelTa saqmeze gadawyvetilebac ukve ZalaSi

Sevida, da im pirebs Soris, romelTa saqmeze gadawyvetileba ZalaSi jer ar

Sesula.

60. rac Seexeba mTavrobis gancxadebas, rom es ar yofila dava ganmcxadeblebsa da

saxelmwifos Soris (ix. zemoT, punqti 54), vinaidan socuzrunvelyofis organoebi

kerZo samarTlis safuZvelze Seqmnili iuridiuli pirebia, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs,

rom socuzrunvelyofis organoebi axorcieleben sajaro samsaxuris funqcias da

eqvemdebarebian socuzrunvelyofaze pasuxismgebeli ministris da ekonomikur

saqmeTa da finansTa ministris zedamxedvelobas. garda imisa, rom axorcielebda

mniSvnelovan zedamxedvelobas, maT Soris zedamxedvelobas TanamSromelTa

sxvadasxva kategoriis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebebisa (ix. zemoT, punqti 44),

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom prefeqti – saxelmwifos warmomadgeneli departamentSi

an regionSi – an socialuri saqmeebisa da janmrTelobis regionuli departamenti,

romelic

iyo

zedamxedvelobis

departamentis

teritoriuli

departamenti,

sistematurad iyvnen CarTulni procesis msvlelobaSi, rogorc mxareebi,

mosarCeleebisa da maT damqiraveblebs Soris mimdinare davisas. franguli sistema,

romelSic

Sedis

sazogadoebis

momsaxurebis

marTva,

gaaCnia

specialuri

samTavrobo uflebamosileba da eqvemdebareba saministros zedamxedvelobas, aris

evropis sabWos wevri saxelmwifos rolisa da valdebulebebis gamoxatuleba misi

mosaxleobis

socialuri

keTildReobis

miznebisaTvis,

rac

SeiZleba

gamomdinareobdes evropis socialuri qartiidan. Sesabamisad, SeuZlebelia, ar

davaskvnaT, rom kanonmdebeli Caeria saqmeSi maSin, rodesac saxelmwifo iyo

mimdinare procesis monawile.

61. Sesabamisad, dairRva konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli punqti samarTlian

sasamarTlosTan dakavSirebiT.

ii. konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli punqtis savaraudo darRveva procesis

xangrZlivobasTan dakavSirebiT

62. q-ni gonzalesi, q-ni mari, q-ni delakerie, b-ni Sreiberi, q-ni kerni, b-ni gontie,

q-ni Sreiberi, q-ni memeto da b-ni kosuta amtkicebdnen, rom procesi ar Catarda

gonivrul vadaSi, rogorc amas iTvaliswinebs konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli

punqti.

63. komisiam gaiziara ganmcxadeblebis mosazreba, Tumca mTavroba acxadebda, rom

saqmis garemoebebidan ar gamomdinareobda aRniSnuli muxlis darRveva.

A. dro, romelic mxedvelobaSi unda iqnes miRebuli

64. sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli punqtiT

gaTvaliswinebuli `gonivruli vadis~ gamosaTvleli periodi gamoiTvleba 1990

wlis 17 da 28 agvistodan – kolmaris samewarmeo tribunalSi sarCelebis Setanis

dRidan (ix. zemoT, punqti 37) da dasrulda 1996 wlis 18 ivniss sakasacio

sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis gamotaniT (ix. zemoT, punqti 43). Sesabamisad,

procesi gagrZelda daaxloebiT 5 weli da 10 Tve.

B. procesis xangrZlivobis gonivruloba

65. procesis xangrZlivobis gonivruloba unda Sefasdes saqmis garemoebebisa da

sasamarTlos

precedentul

samarTalSi

Camoyalibebuli

kriteriumebis

gaTvaliswinebiT; gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda mieqces saqmis sirTules da

mosarCeleebisa da Sesabamisi saxelisuflebo organos qmedebas (ix. 1991 wlis 20

Tebervlis gadawyvetileba saqmezeThe Vernillo v. France, seria A, # 198, gv. 12-13, punqti

30).

1. poziciebi sasamarTlos winaSe

66. ganmcxadeblebi miiCneven, rom kolmaris saapelacio sasamarTloSi mimdinare

oTxwliani procesi, aseve daaxloebiT erTi weli saqmis ganxilva pirveli

instanciis sasamarTloSi da sakasacio sasamarTloSi saqmis ganxilvis periodi

gadametebulia. maTi ganmartebiT, saqme ar iyo rTuli da arc imis mtkiceba

SeiZleba, rom maT daigvianes poziciebis wardgena, vinaidan amas gavlena ar

mouxdenia winaswar CaniSnuli sxdomebis TariRebze meore da mesame instanciebSi.

saqmis mosmena daniSna saapelacio sasamarTlom da am gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze

gansazRvres mxareebma maTi momavali qmedebebis ganrigi. TariRis daniSvnisaTvis

ar iyo aucilebeli mxareTa mier werilobiTi dokumentebis winaswar wardgena,

vinaidan sasamarTlo saqmes ganixilavda saapelacio saCivris safuZvelze da

procesi zepiri iyo. ganmcxadeblebma aRniSnes, rom am saqmeze saapelacio saCivari

Seitanes 1991 wlis 10 seqtembers, magram mxolod 1994 wlis 12 ivliss dainiSna

procesis Catarebis TariRi _ 1994 wlis 18 oqtomberi (ix. zemoT, punqti 40).

Sesabamisad, mxareTa poziciebis Setanas azri hqonda mxolod 1994 wlis 12 ivliss;

apelantebis mier wardgenili gancxadebebi eyrdnoboda 1994 wlis 18 ianvris aqts.

ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom Tu saapelacio sasamarTlo mecis saapelacio

sasamarTlos msgavsad ar moicdida, sanam aqts miiRebdnen, aqtis miRebis

momentisaTvis ukve gamotanili iqneboda sasamarTlos kanonier ZalaSi myofi

gadawyvetileba, romlis aRsruleba SesaZlebeli iqneboda. amitom ganmcxadeblebma

ganacxades, rom procesis gadametebuli xangrZlivobis Sedegad SesaZlebeli gaxda

1994 wlis 18 ianvris aqtis maT winaaRmdeg gamoyeneba.

67. mTavroba ar daeTanxma aseT analizs. man miiCnia, rom sasamarTloTa

gansxvavebuli gadawyvetilebebis arsebobis gaTvaliswinebiT SeiZleba miviCnioT,

rom saqme namdvilad rTuli iyo. sakasacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba ar hqonda

gamotanili, rodesac kolmaris samewarmeo tribunalma gamoitana gadawyvetileba

1991 wlis 2 ivliss (ix. zemoT, punqti 38). mxareebis mieré wamoWrili yvela sakiTxi

droebiT SeCerebuli iyo.

rac Seexeba ganmcxadebelTa qmedebas, mTavrobam ganacxada, rom samoqalaqo

saqmeebSi mxareTa qmedeba gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania; procesis Catarebis

iniciativa swored maTzea damokidebuli. ganmcxadebelTa warmomadgenels ar

warudgenia axsna-ganmarteba 1994 wlis 30 seqtembramde, anu procesis dawyebidan

sami wlis Semdeg (ix. zemoT, punqti 40). procesis xangrZlivoba pirvel

instanciaSi sruliad gonivruli iyo da sakasacio sasamarTloc gansakuTrebuli

gulmodginebiT moqmedebda. saapelacio etapze procesis gaWimvaze pasuxismgebloba

ganmcxadeblebs ekisrebaT.

68. komisiam miiCnia, rom procesi met-naklebad rTuli iyo; rac Seexeba mxareTa

qmedebebs, procesis xangrZlivoba ar iyo gonivruli; yuradReba unda mieqces imas,

rom garkveul periodebSi SeiniSneboda aqtiurobis Seneleba, razec, komisiis

azriT, xelisuflebas ekisreboda pasuxismgebloba.

2. sasamarTlos Sefaseba

(a) saqmis sirTule

69. sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom sasamarTlos mier gansaxilveli saqmis arsebiTi

mxare namdvilad rTuli iyo, rasac adasturebda sakasacio sasamarTlos 1992 wlis

22 aprilis gadawyvetilebac (ix. zemoT, punqti 18).

(b) ganmcxadebelTa qmedebebi

70. sasamarTlo ar miiCnevs, rom ganmcxadeblebi pasuxismgebelni iyvnen procesis

gawelvaze. kerZod, ganmcxadebelTa mier saapelacio saCivris Setanis dRes gavlena

ar mouxdenia kolmaris saapelacio sasamarTlos mier procesis dagegmvaze (ix.

zemoT, punqti 40).

(c) sasamarTlo xelisuflebis qmedebani

71. sasamarTlo adgens, rom kolmaris saapelacio sasamarTloSi procesis

xangrZlivoba iyo sami weli, rva Tve da rva dRe. miuxedavad imisa, rom saapelacio

saCivari Seitanes 1991 wlis 10 seqtembers (ix. zemoT, punqti 39), saapelacio

sasamarTlom ar daniSna mosmenis dRe 1994 wlis 12 ivlisamde, anu TiTqmis sami

weli (ix. zemoT, punqti 40). sasamarTlos azriT, aseTi dagvianebis damarwmunebeli

axsna-ganmarteba

aravis

warmoudgenia.

kolmaris

saapelacio

sasamarTlom

specialur danamatTan dakavSirebiT gadawyvetileba gamoitana 1993 wlis 23

seqtembris gadawyvetilebiT (ix. zemoT, punqti 20), anu aRniSnul saqmeze

saapelacio saCivris Setanidan daaxloebiT ori wlis Semdeg. amasTan, kolmaris

saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba gamotanili iqna 1995 wlis 18 maiss (ix.

zemoT, punqti 41), anu 1994 wlis 18 ianvris aqtis miRebidan daaxloebiT

weliwadnaxevarSi.

(d) daskvna

72. yvela mtkicebulebis ganxilvis Sedegad sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom dairRva me-6

muxlis pirveli punqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli `gonivruli vada~.

Sesabamisad,

dairRva

konvenciis

me-6

muxlis

pirveli

punqti

procesis

xangrZlivobasTan mimarTebiT.

III. konvenciis me-13 muxlis savaraudo darRveva

73. ganmcxadeblebi miiCneven, rom 1994 wlis 18 ianvris aqtis (kanoni 94-43) 85-e

muxlis miRebiT dairRva konvenciis me-13 muxli, romelic iTvaliswinebs:

`yvelas,

visac

daerRva

am

konvenciiT

gaTvaliswinebuli

uflebebi

da

Tavisuflebebi, unda hqondes samarTlebrivi dacvis efeqtiani saSualeba erovnuli

xelisuflebisagan, Tundac es darRveva Caidinos pirma, romelic samsaxurebriv

uflebamosilebas axorcielebda.~

74. zemoT, 61-e punqtSi Camoyalibebuli daskvnebis gaTvaliswinebiT sasamarTlo ar

miiCnevs aucileblad gadawyvetilebis gamotanas aRniSnul sakiTxze.

IV. konvenciis 41-e muxlis gamoyeneba

75. konvenciis 41-e muxli iTvaliswinebs:

`Tu sasamarTlo daadgens, rom dairRva konvencia da misi oqmebi, xolo Sesabamisi

maRali xelSemkvreli mxaris Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi samarTali darRvevis mxolod

nawilobrivi gamosworebis SesaZleblobas iZleva, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi,

sasamarTlo dazaralebul mxares samarTlian dakmayofilebas miakuTvnebs.~

A. ziani

76. ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom maT ganicades materialuri ziani im Tanxis

saxiT, romelsac miiRebdnen, parlaments rom ar mieRo 1994 wlis 18 ianvris kanoni.

b-ni zelinski da b-ni pradali TavianT materialur zians afasebdnen TiToeuli 47

000 frangul frankad da ar mouTxoviaT raime aramaterialuri ziani. q-ni

gonzalesi, q-ni mari, q-ni delakerie, b-ni Sreiberi, q-ni kerni, b-ni gontie, q-ni

Sreiberi, q-ni memeto da b-ni kosuta TiToeuli moiTxovda 21 343 franks

specialuri danamatis 5 wlis gadaxdasTan dakavSirebiT 1990 wlis 17 agvistodan

da 22 257 franks – 1990 wlis 18 agvistodan 1995 wlis 30 noembramde gadasaxdeli

specialuri danamatis dasafarad da kidev 15 000 franks kanoniT dadgenili

procentis saxiT. maT procesis gawelviT gamowveuli aramaterialuri zianis

kompensacia Seafases 20 000 frankad da samarTalwarmoebis usamarTlobidan

gamomdinare aramaterialuri zianis kompensacia – 50 000 frankad.

77. mTavrobam ar gamoxata mosazreba.

78. komisiis delegatma isurva, sakiTxi gadawyvetiliyo sasamarTlos mier

diskreciuli uflebamosilebis gamoyenebiT.

79. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom samarTliani anazRaureba ganmcxadeblebs SeiZleba

mieniWoT mxolod imitom, rom maT ver isargebles me-6 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli

garantiebiT, maT Soris procesis gonivruli xangrZlivobiT q-ni gonzalesis, q-ni

mari, q-ni delakeries, b-ni Sreiberis, q-ni kernis, b-ni gonties, q-ni Sreiberis, q-ni

memetosa da b-ni kosutas SemTxvevaSi. rac Seexeba procesis samarTlianobas,

sasamarTlo miiCnevs aramizanSewonilad, rom ganmcxadeblebma dakarges realuri

SesaZlebloba (ix. 1985 wlis 12 Tebervlis gadawyvetileba saqmeze The Colozza and

Rubinat v. Italy, seria A, # 89, gv. 17, punqti 38). amas unda daematos aramaterialuri

ziani, vinaidan mocemul saqmeSi darRvevis faqtis dadgena ar aris sakmarisi

misagebeli garda b-ni zelinskisa da b-ni pradalisa, romelTac amasTan

dakavSirebiT ganacxadi ar warudgeniaT. 41-e muxlis Sesabamisad samarTlianobis

safuZvelze analizis Sedegad sasamarTlo aniWebs 47 000 franks b-n zelinskisac

da b-n pradalsac da 80 000 franks TiToeuls danarCeni cxra ganmcxadeblidan

nebismier zianTan dakavSirebiT.

B. xarjebi da danaxarjebi

80. yoveli ganmcxadebeli moiTxovda 30 000 franks warmomadgenlobis mizniT

gaweuli xarjebisa da danaxarjebisaTvis.

81. mTavrobam ar gamoxata mosazreba.

82. komisiis delegatma isurva, sakiTxi gadawyvetiliyo sasamarTlos mier

diskreciuli uflebamosilebis gamoyenebiT.

83. b-n zelinskisa da b-n pradals komisiisa da sasamarTlos winaSe erTi da igive

advokati warmoadgenda; rac Seexeba danarCen cxra ganmcxadebels, isini

sargeblobdnen imave advokatis momsaxurebiT mxolod mas Semdeg, rac didma

palatam gadawyvita ori saqmis SeerTeba. Sesabamisad, mis xelT arsebul

informaciaze

dayrdnobiT

da

samarTlianobis

principis

gaTvaliswinebiT

sasamarTlo aniWebs b-n zelinskisa da b-n pradals 30 000 franks komisiisa da

sasamarTlos winaSe procesisaTvis da TiToeuls danarCeni ganmcxadeblebidan 4

000 franks.

C. sauravi

84. sasamarTlos xelT arsebuli informaciis Tanaxmad, gadawyvetilebis gamotanis

dRes kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli saprocento ganakveTi safrangeTSi aris 3,47%

weliwadSi.

xsenebulidan gamomdinare sasamarTlo erTxmad

1. adgens, rom dairRva konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli punqti sasamarTlo

procesis samarTlianobasTan dakavSirebiT;

2. adgens, rom dairRva konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli punqti procesis

xangrZlivobasTan dakavSirebiT q-ni gonzalesis, q-ni maris, q-ni delakeries, b-ni

Sreiberis, q-ni kernis, b-ni gonties, q-ni Sreiberis, q-ni memetosa da b-ni kosutas

mimarT;

3. adgens, rom ar aris aucilebeli gadawyvetilebis gamotana konvenciis me-13

muxlis Sesabamisad warmodgenil saCivarze;

4. adgens:

(a) mopasuxe saxelmwifom sami Tvis vadaSi unda gadauxados 47 000 (ormocdaSvidi

aTasi) franguli franki b-n zelinskisa da b-n pradals materialuri zianisaTvis,

80 000 (oTxmoci aTasi) franguli franki - q-n gonzaless, q-n maris, q-n delakeries,

b-n Sreibers, q-n kerns, b-n gonties, q-n Sreibers, q-n memetos da b-n kosutas

materialuri da aramaterialuri zianisaTvis, agreTve, 30 000 (ocdaaTi aTasi)

franguli franki b-n zelinskisa da b-n pradals da 4 000 (oTxi aTasi) franguli

franki TiToeuls cxra ganmcxadeblidan xarjebisa da danaxarjebisaTvis;

(b) aRniSnul Tanxebs samTviani vadis gasvlis Semdeg gadaxdis dasrulebamde

daericxeba procenti weliwadSi 3,47%-is odenobiT;

5. uaryofs samarTliani dakmayofilebis Sesaxeb Txovnis darCenil nawils.

Sesrulebulia inglisur da frangul enebze, gacxadebulia Ria mosmenaze

adamianis uflebaTa SenobaSi, strasburgSi, 1999 wlis 28 oqtombers.

lucius vildhaberi,

Tavmjdomare

mo de bor-bukikio,

registratoris moadgile

konvenciis 45-e muxlis me-2 punqtisa da sasamarTlos wesebis Sesabamisad am

gadawyvetilebas Tan erTvis mosamarTle bakes Tanmxvedri mosazreba.

l.v.

m.b.

mosamarTle bakes Tanmxvedri mosazreba

(Targmani)

me xma miveci am gadawyvetlebas, romelic dabalansebul pasuxs iZleva principul

sakiTxze _ Seesabameba Tu ara konvencias kanonebi, romlebic akanonebs arsebul

praqtikas (lois de validation), da Semdeg mkacrad, Tumca logikurad iyenebs am princips

mocemul saqmesTan dakavSirebiT.

1. zogad sakiTxze sasamarTlo konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirvel punqtze dayrdnobiT

ganamtkicebs princips, rom kanonmdebeli ar unda Caerios imgvarad, rom

ukuqceviTi ZaliT gansazRvros an Secvalos samarTlebrivi urTierToba da

gavlena

moaxdinos

davis

Taobaze

sasamarTlo

gadawyvetilebaze;

Tumca

sasamarTlo gamonakliss uSvebs im saqmeebze, sadac aseTi Careva aucilebelia

saerTo interesis gadaudebeli mizeziT. sasamarTlo kidev erTxel adasturebs

Tavissave gadawyvetilebas adrindel saqmeebSi, romlebSic gancxadebuli iyo, rom

kanonmdebeli ar unda Caerios samarTalwarmoebis ganxorcielebaSi (1994 wlis 9

ivnisis gadawyvetileba saqmeze Stran Greek Refineries and Stratis Andreadis v. Greece, seria A

# 301-B, da Papageorgiou v. Greece, 1997 wlis 22 oqtombris gadawyvetileba, Reports of

Judgments and Decisions 1997-VI), aseve im ideas, rom aseTi Careva SeiZleba

gamarTlebuli iyos saerTo interesiT (1997 wlis 23 oqtombris gadawyvetileba

saqmeze National & Provincial Building Society, Leeds Permanent Building Society and Yorkshire Building

Society v. the United Kingdom case, Reports 1997-VII); aseT safuZvels sasamarTlo afasebs

saqmis winaistoriisa da garemoebebis gaTvaliswinebiT da igi SeiZleba miCneuli

iqnes ufro legitimurad da individis uflebebTan SedarebiT upiratesoba

mieniWos.

2. mocemul saqmeSi kanonmdeblis Carevis (1994 wlis 18 ianvris aqtis 85-e muxli)

ZiriTadi, Tu erTaderTi ara, mizezi iyo winaaRmdegobrivi sasamarTlo

precedentebi

faqtobriv

mxareze

kolmarisa

da

bezansonis

saapelacio

sasamarTloebSi; am ukanasknelma gadawyvetileba gamoitana mecis saapelacio

sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis gauqmebis Semdeg. Cemi azriT, kanonmdeblis CarevaSi

gadamwyveti roli ar Seusrulebia am sasamarTloebis mier gamotanili

gadawyvetilebis Sedegad socuzrunvelyofis organoebze SesaZlo finansuri

valdebulebebis dakisrebas.

rodesac SeuZlebelia, sakasacio sasamarTlom gamoasworos situacia, pirveli

instanciis da saapelacio sasamarTloebis mier gamotanili winaaRmdegobrivi

gadawyvetilebebi

rasakvirvelia

ganacvifrebs,

aRaSfoTebs

an

gaaognebs

sazogadoebas, Tumca es aris sasamarTloebis decentralizebuli sistemis

safasuri; am sistemis uzenaesi zedamxedvelia sakasacio sasamarTlo, romelic

srul Tavisuflebas aniWebs tribunalebsa da saapelacio sasamarTloebs

faqtobrivi garemoebebis Sefasebisas da gadawyvetilebas iRebs mxolod

samarTlebriv sakiTxebze. Sesabamisad, evropuli sasamarTlo ase martivad, anu

racionalurobisa

da

samarTalwarmoebis

ideis

abstraqtuli

gamoyenebis

safuZvelze, ver miiCnevs, rom winaaRmdegobrivi gadawyvetilebebis arseboba aris

saerTo interesis aucilebeli moTxovna, romelsac SeuZlia gaamarTlos

kanonmdeblis mxridan amgvari Careva.

Tumca

SeiZleba

arsebobdes

sruliad

droebiT da

udavo

mizezebi

aseTi

Carevis

sadac

gasamarTleblad

zogierT

geografiul

garemoSi,

winaaRmdegobrivi gadawyvetilebebis Sedegi realobaSi samarTlianobis darRvevaa,

magaliTad, rodesac winaaRmdegobrivi gadawyvetilebebis aRsruleba fizikurad

SeuZlebelia an, Tu mTlianad SeuZlebeli ara, gamoiwvevs mxareTa poziciebSi

aSkara uTanasworobas.

es saqme swored aseTi magaliTia. 1988 wels elzas-mozelis socuzrunvelyofis

adgilobriv

organoTa

TanamSromlebma

gaasaCivres

ramdenime

samewarmeo

sasamarTlos winaSe meTodi, romelsac samsaxurebi iyenebdnen 15 wlis

ganmavlobaSi 1953 wlis xelSekrulebiT SemoRebuli specialuri danamatis

dasaTvlelad. 1992 wlis aprilSi sakasacio sasamarTlom gaauqma mecis saapelacio

sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba zogierT am saqmesTan dakavSirebiT, miiCnia ra, rom

1953 wlis xelSekruleba aRar gamoiyeneboda Tavdapirveli formiT, da daadgina,

rom saqme xelaxla unda ganixilos saapelacio sasamarTlom imis gadasawyvetad,

arsebobda Tu ara dadgenili praqtika (socuzrunvelyofis organoebis mier didi

xnis ganmavlobaSi gamoTvlis am meTodis gamoyenebiT) da Tu aseTi praqtika ar

arsebobda, maSin gamoTvlis meTodis dasadgenad. 1993 wlis seqtemberSi kolmaris

saapelacio sasamarTlom daadgina, rom arsebobda praqtika, romlis mixedviTac

socuzrunvelyofis ofisebi ixdidnen danamats, Tumca oqtomberSi bezansonis

saapelacio sasamarTlom daadgina amis sawinaaRmdego, anu rom ar iyo

Camoyalibebuli aranairi praqtika, da gansazRvra gamoTvlis axali meTodi;

Sesabamisad, gamotanili iqna ori gadawyvetileba, romelTa gasaCivreba SeiZleboda

da romlebic sxvadasxvanairad afasebdnen erTsa da imave faqts, anu arsebobda Tu

ara praqtika. am etapze, ra Tqma unda, arsebobda gaumarTlebeli araTanaswori

mdgomareoba elzas-mozelis socuzrunvelyofis organoTa TanamSromlebs Soris

danamatTan dakavSirebiT imis mixedviT, maT saqmes bezansonis saapelacio

sasamarTlo ganixilavda Tu kolmaris saapelacio sasamarTlo. rogor unda

gamoeyenebinaT

socuzrunvelyofis

organoebs

aseTi

gansxvavebuli

gadawyvetilebebi praqtikaSi?

warmoadgenda es situacia 1993 wlis Semodgomaze saerTo interesis gadaudebel

safuZvels kanonmdeblis CarevisaTvis? Cemi azriT, es ase iqneboda, kanonmdebeli

rom erTaderTi yofiliyo, visac SeeZlo situaciis gamosworeba; Tumca mxareebs

kvlav SeeZloT sakasacio sasamarTlosaTvis mimarTva swored winaaRmdegobrivi

gadawyvetilebebis arsebobis gamo. Sesabamisad, sirTulis gadalaxva sasamarTlos

meSveobiT SesaZlebeli iyo, rac gamoasworebda samarTlianobis darRvevas. swored

am mizezis gamo iyo, rom 1993 wlis Semodgomaze mecisa da kolmaris

sasamarTloebis

mier

gamotanili

winaaRmdegobrivi

gadawyvetilebebi

ar

warmoadgenda sakmaris mizezs kanonmdeblis CarevisaTvis; amasTan, unda gvaxsovdes,

rom miuxedavad aseTi dabneulobisa, TviT winaaRmdegoba gadawyvetilebebs Soris

ar iwvevda finansur sirTuleebs socuzrunvelyofis organoebisaTvis.

registratoris SeniSvnebi

1-2.me-11 oqmi da sasamarTlos wesebi ZalaSi Sevida 1998 wlis 1 noembers.

3. mas Semdeg, rac ZalaSi Sevida me-11 oqmi, romelmac Sesworebebi Seitana me-19

muxlSi, sasamarTlo mudmiv safuZvelze funqcionirebs.

4. registratoris SeniSvna. sasamarTlos A wesebi gamoiyeneba sasamarTlos mier

miTiTebuli yvela saqmis mimarT me-9 oqmis ZalaSi Sesvlamde (1994 wlis 1

oqtomberi), xolo amis Semdeg 1998 wlis 1 oqtombramde mxolod im saqmeebis

mimarT, romlebic Seexeba oqmis arawevr saxelmwifoebs.

5. registratoris SeniSvna. praqtikuli mizezebis gamo es danarTebi gamoqveyndeba

mxolod

gadawyvetilebis

saboloo

dabeWdil

variantSi

(sasamarTlos

gadawyvetilebebis oficialur JurnalSi), Tumca komisiis angariSebis miReba

SesaZlebelia registratorisagan.