meore seqcia

melniCenko ukrainis winaaRmdeg

CASE OF MELNYCHENKO v. UKRAINE

(ganacxadi # 17707/02)

ganCineba

strasburgi

2004 wlis 19 oqtomberi

saboloo

30/03/2005

ganCineba saboloo gaxdeba konvenciis 44-e muxlis me-2 punqtiT

gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevebSi. igi SeiZleba daeqvemdebaros

redaqciuli xasiaTis Sesworebebs.

saqmeze `melniCenko ukrainis winaaRmdeg~

adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos (meore seqcia)

palatam Semdegi SemadgenlobiT:

batoni j.p. kosta, Tavmjdomare,

mosamarTleebi:

batoni a.b. baka,

batoni l. lukaidesi,

batoni C. birsani,

batoni k. iungvierti,

batoni v. butkeviCi,

batoni m. ugrexeliZe,

seqciis registratoris moadgile batoni t.l. erli,

dasaSvebobis Sesaxeb 2003 wlis 4 noembris gadawyvetilebis

safuZvelze,

2004 wlis 7 da 28 seqtembers faruli msjelobis Sedegad,

2004 wlis 28 seqtembers gamoitana winamdebare ganCineba.

procedura

1. saqmes msvleloba mieca im ganacxadis (# 17707/02) safuZvelze,

romelic sasamarTloSi Semotanili iqna ukrainis winaaRmdeg

adamianis

uflebaTa

da

ZiriTad

TavisuflebaTa

dacvis

konvenciis (SemdgomSi `konvenciis~) 34-e muxlis Sesabamisad

ukrainis moqalaqis – batoni mikola ivanes Ze melniCenkos

(SemdgomSi `ganmcxadebeli~) mier 2002 wlis 23 aprils.

2. ganmcxadebeli warmodgenili iyo batoni sergi holovatiis –

ukrainis qalaq kievSi moqmedi advokatis mier. ukrainis mTavroba

(SemdgomSi `mTavroba~) warmodgenili iyo warmomadgenlebis _

qalbatoni valeria lutkovskas mier, romelic mogvianebiT

Secvala qalbatonma zoriana bortnovskam.

3. ganmcxadeblis mtkicebiT, mis mimarT darRveulia arCevnebSi

monawileobis ufleba, romelic garantirebulia konvenciis

pirveli oqmis me-3 muxliT.

4. ganacxadis ganxilva daekisra sasamarTlos meore seqcias

(sasamarTlos reglamentis 52-e muxlis pirveli punqti).

5. 2003 wlis 4 noembris gadawyvetilebiT, sasamarTlom ganacxadi

dasaSvebad miiCnia konvenciis pirveli oqmis me-3 muxlis

safuZvelze Semotanil saCivarTan mimarTebaSi.

6. ganmcxadebelmac da mTavrobamac warmoadgines TavianTi

mimoxilvebi davis arsebiT saganTan dakavSirebiT (reglamentis

59-e muxlis pirveli punqti). palatam mxareebTan konsultaciis

Semdeg daaskvna, rom davis arsebiT saganze ar iyo saWiro

mosmenis Catareba (reglamentis 59-e muxlis me-3 punqti), amitom

mxareebma werilobiT gasces pasuxi erTmaneTis mier warmodgenil

mimoxilvebs.

faqtebi

7. ganmcxadebeli – batoni mikola ivanes Ze melniCenko –

dabadebulia 1966 wlis 18 oqtombers kievis regionis vasilkivis

raionis sofel zapadinkaSi. amJamad is cxovrobs amerikis

SeerTebul StatebSi, sadac sargeblobs ltolvilis statusiT.

8.

ganmcxadebeli

msaxurobda

ukrainis

prezidentis

administraciis usafrTxoebis departamentSi. mas evaleboda

prezidentis samuSao kabinetis dacva. muSaobis periodSi man

savaraudod

gaakeTa

audioCanawerebi

prezidentis

piradi

saubrebisa mesame pirebTan, prezidentis SesaZlo monawileobaze

Jurnalist giorgi RonRaZis gauCinarebaSi.

9. batoni RonRaZe eweoda Jurnalistur saqmianobas politikur

sakiTxebze da iyo internetJurnal `ukrainskaia pravdas~ mTavari

redaqtori. igi cnobili iyo xelisuflebaSi myof pirTa

kritikiT

da

sityvis

TavisuflebasTan

dakavSirebul

sainformacio kampaniebSi monawileobiT rogorc ukrainaSi, ise

sazRvargareT. misi gauCinareba moxda 2000 wlis 16 seqtembers,

manamde ki igi Tveebis ganmavlobaSi Cioda, rom emuqrebodnen da

uTvalTvalebdnen. 2000 wlis 2 noembers kievis regionSi, qalaq

taraSCas maxloblad, napovni iqna ucnobi piris TavmoWrili

sxeuli, SemdgomSi sasamarTlo-samedicino eqspertebis mier

identificirebuli, rogorc batoni RonRaZis sxeuli. misma

qvrivma sasamarTlos mimarTa ganacxadiT (# 34056/02).

I. saqmis garemoebebi

A. saqmis konteqsti

10. 2000 wlis 26 noembers ganmcxadebelma datova ukraina, radgan

eSinoda politikuri devnisa mas Semdeg, rac zemoxsenebuli

audioCanawerebi sajarod cnobili gaxda.

11. 2000 wlis 28 noembers ukrainis socialisturi partiis

Tavmjdomarem, batonma o. morozma sajarod ganacxada ukrainis

parlamentis, verxovna radas (Верховна Рада України) sxdomaze iseTi

audioCanawerebis arsebobis Sesaxeb, romlebic saidumlod iqna

gakeTebuli prezidentis kabinetSi da adasturebda prezidentis

da maRali Tanamdebobis sxva pirebis monawileobas giorgi

RonRaZis gauCinarebaSi. organizacia “Reporters sans frontiers”-is 2001

wlis 22 ianvris angariSis Tanaxmad, Cawerili saubrebi

Seexeboda batoni RonRaZis Tavidan moSorebis sxvadasxva gzebs.

erT-erT saubarSi, savaraudod prezidentsa da Sinagan saqmeTa

ministrs Soris, ministri ambobs, rom icnobs adamianebs,

romlebsac SeuZliaT am davalebis Sesruleba; am adamianebs igi

`namdvil arwivebs~ uwodebs da ambobs, rom isini mzad arian,

yvelanairi davaleba Seasrulon (`namdvili arwivebi~ savaraudod

iyo uSiSroebis yofili Tu axlandeli TanamSromlebis ukanono

dajgufeba). am sakiTxis saaSkaraoze gamotanam didi politikuri

skandali gamoiwvia.

12. ori dRis Semdeg, 2000 wlis 30 noembers, qalaq kievis peCoris

raionulma sasamarTlom daiwyo sisxlis samarTlis saqmis

warmoeba batoni o. morozis winaaRmdeg, audiokasetebis saxiT

cilismwamebluri cnobebis gavrcelebis safuZvliT.

13. ganmcxadebeli ukrainidan gaiqca. magram mas jer kidev hqonda

Sida

registraciis

pasporti,

romelSic

aRniSnuli

iyo

miznebisTvis

kievSi

misi

(e.w.

adgili

administraciuli

`Cawera~, rogorc mas im dros ewodeboda. ix. qvemoT, punqtebi 40-

42).

14. ganmcxadebelma amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi (SemdgomSi

`aSS~) moiTxova politikuri TavSesafari. 2001 wlis 27 aprils

aSS-is iusticiis saministros imigraciisa da naturalizaciis

samsaxurma

ganmcxadebeli

cno

ltolvilad

ltolvilTa

statusis Sesaxeb 1951 wlis gaero-s konvenciis safuZvelze

(SemdgomSi `Jenevis konvencia~). aSS-is iusticiis saministrom

ganmcxadeblisTvis gasca samgzavro dokumenti da mianiWa mas

aSS-Si ganusazRvreli vadiT darCenis ufleba.

15. 2001 wlis 4 ianvars generaluri prokuraturis gamomZiebelma

sisxlis samarTlis saqme aRZra ganmcxadeblis winaaRmdeg im

safuZvliT, rom ganmcxadebelma cilismwamebluri cnobebi

gaavrcela ukrainis prezidentis batoni l. kuCmas, agreTve

batoni v. litvinis da batoni i. kravCenkos winaaRmdeg, romlebic

saqmisTvis mniSvnelovan dros iyvnen Sesabamisad ukrainis

prezidentis administraciis ufrosi da ukrainis Sinagan saqmeTa

ministri. saqme aRiZra aseve dokumentis gayalbebis safuZvliT,

kerZod, oficialuri gancxadebisa, romelic ganmcxadebelma

Seitana pasportis asaRebad da romelSic ar miuTiTa, rom mas

samsaxurebrivi mdgomareobis gamo daSveba hqonda garkveuli

kategoriis saxelmwifo saidumloebebTan (ix. qvemoT, 34-e punqti).

imave dRes generaluri prokuraturis gamomZiebelma gasca

ganmcxadeblis Zebnis orderi.

16.

2001

wlis

14

Tebervals

generaluri

prokuraturis

gamomZiebelma sisxlis samarTlis kidev sxva saqme aRZra

ganmcxadeblis winaaRmdeg, mis mier saxelmwifo saidumloebis

gamJRavnebis

da

uflebamosilebis

borotad

gamoyenebis

safuZvliT. 2001 wlis 15 Tebervals ganmcxadebels oficialurad

waredgina brali oTxive danaSaulSi erToblivad. 2001 wlis 19

oqtombers generaluri prokuraturis gamomZiebelma xelaxla

gamosca sabraldebo daskvna sisxlis samarTlis axali kodeqsis

Sesabamisad. axali sabraldebo daskvnidan cilismwamebluri

cnobebis gavrcelebis braldeba amoRebuli iyo, radgan sisxlis

samarTlis axali kodeqsiT am danaSaulis dekriminalizacia

moxda. 2002 wlis 24 ianvars qalaq kievis peCoris raionis

sasamarTlom

ganmcxadeblis

dauswreblad

gasca

misi

dapatimrebis brZaneba da Seufarda winaswari patimroba.

B. faqtebi, romlebic safuZvlad daedo ganmcxadeblis saCivars

17. 2002 wlis 12 ianvars ukrainis socialisturi partiis me-9

kongresze ganmcxadebeli dasaxelda #15 kandidatad verxovna

radaSi socialisturi partiidan asarCev siaSi.

18. 2002 wlis 22 ianvars socialisturma partiam ganmcxadeblis

kandidatura

(Центральна Виборча Комісія) kandidatad

warudgina

centralur

saarCevno

misi

komisias

oficialuri

registraciisTvis. registraciis gancxadebaSi ukrainaSi bolo

xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi sacxovrebeli adgilis misamarTis

saxiT miTiTebuli iyo ganmcxadeblis Caweris misamarTi.

19. 2002 wlis 26 ianvars ukrainis centralurma saarCevno

komisiam gamoitana dadgenileba #94 `2002 wlis 31 martis

verxovna

radas

arCevnebSi

saxalxo

warmomadgenlobis

kandidatad registraciaze uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb~.

20.

dadgenileba

efuZneboda

ganmcxadeblis

registraciis

moTxovnasTan dakavSirebuli ganxilvis stenografiul Canawers

da miRebuli iqna qalbatoni i. stavniuCukis – centraluri

saarCevno komisiis wevris _ rekomendaciiT. q-ni stavniuCuki

acxadebda, rom ganmcxadebels registraciaze uari unda eTqvas

Semdegi mizezebis gamo:

`zemoaRniSnulidan gamomdinareobs, rom ukrainis verxovna radas

arCevnebis Sesaxeb kanonis II nawilis me-8 muxli, romelic

Seexeba sacxovrebel adgils ukrainis moqmedi saerTaSoriso

xelSekrulebebis mixedviT, ar vrceldeba m.i. melniCenkoze.

iuridiuli TvalsazrisiT, is faqti, rom m.i. melniCenko imyofeba

aSS-Si, arTmevs mas uflebas, cnobili iqnes ukrainaSi mudmiv

mcxovrebad, rac gaTvaliswinebulia ... kanonis me-8 muxliT.

... m.i. melniCenko sazRvargareT imyofeba sxva mizeziT; es mizezi

ki gaTvaliswinebuli ar aris ... kanonis II nawilis me-8 muxliT.

... ukrainaSi cxovrebis periodis nebismieri Sewyveta ara erT-

erTiT im safuZvlebidan, romlebic gaTvaliswinebulia ... kanonis

II nawilis me-8 muxliT, gamoricxavs Sesabamisi piris mier

ukrainis verxovna radaSi arCevis uflebis ganxorcielebis

SesaZleblobas, radgan aseTi Sewyveta ar iTvleba ukrainaSi

cxovrebad.

... am faqtoris gaTvaliswinebiT da, agreTve, vinaidan m.i.

melniCenkom araswori informacia warmoadgina bolo xuTi wlis

ganmavlobaSi misi faqtobrivi sacxovrebeli adgilis Sesaxeb,

rac dadgenilia centraluri saarCevno komisiis mier, Cveni

winadadebaa, komisiam uari uTxras m.i. melniCenkos ukrainis

verxovna radas arCevnebSi wevrobis kandidatad registraciaze

...~.

21. centralurma saarCevno komisiam gaiziara qalbatoni i.

stavniuCukis winadadeba da uari uTxra 13 potenciur kandidats,

maT Soris ganmcxadebels, registraciaze. kerZod, centralurma

saarCevno komisiam daadgina:

`... 2. uari eTqvas ukrainis verxovna radas 2002 wlis 31 martis

arCevnebSi saxalxo warmomadgenelobis kandidatTa siaSi me-15

nomriT gansazRvrul pirs – mikola ivanes Ze melniCenkos –

ukrainis

saxelmwifoebriv

aRniSnuli piris

verxovna

radas

mravalmandatian

kandidatad registraciaze;

centralur saarCevno komisiaSi

saerTo-

arCevnebSi

mier

warmodgenili dokumentebi Seicavs arsebiTad mcdar informacias

bolo xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi misi sacxovrebeli adgilisa da

cxovrebis drois Sesaxeb~.

22. komisiam aRniSnuli sakiTxis ganxilvisas ganmcxadeblis

situacia ganasxvava vinme batoni i.m. zviahilskis situaciisagan,

romelsac mieca parlamentis wevrobis kandidatad registraciis

ufleba wina arCevnebSi, rodesac sxva saarCevno wesebi iyo

ZalaSi, miuxedavad imisa, rom es piri ori wlis ganmavlobaSi

droebiT imyofeboda israelSi samkurnalod. ganmcxadebeli

amtkicebda, rom batoni i.m. zviahilski, romelic sisxlis

samarTlis

movaleobis

wesiT

idevneboda

ukrainis

misi muSaobis

premier-ministris

periodSi

Semsruleblad

uflebamosilebis borotad gamoyenebisTvis, israelSi gaiqca

saparlamento imunitetis amowurvamde.

23.

danarCen

12

kandidats

aucilebeli

uari

eTqva

registraciaze

arasrulad

registraciisTvis

warmodgenis gamo.

dokumentebis

24. 2002 wlis 30 ianvars socialisturma partiam ukrainis uzenaes

sasamarTloSi gaasaCivra centraluri saarCevno komisiis 2002

wlis 26 ianvris #94 dadgenileba da moiTxova misi ukanonod da

baTilad cnoba.

25. 2002 wlis 8 Tebervals ukrainis uzenaesma sasamarTlom ar

daakmayofila saCivari Semdeg garemoebaTa gamo:

`... m.i. melniCenkos bolo xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi ukrainaSi

Cveulebrivi sacxovrebeli adgilis Sesaxeb informacia, romelic

miTiTebuli iyo aRniSnul dokumentebSi, sadavodaa miCneuli

centraluri saarCevno komisiisa da sasamarTlos mier. es

informacia arsebiTad ar Seicavs simarTles ukrainis verxovna

radas arCevnebSi kandidatis Sesaxeb da, Sesabamisad, centraluri

saarCevno komisiis 2002 wlis 26 ianvris # 94 dadgenilebis me-2

punqti

Seesatyviseba

ukrainis

verxovna

radas

saxalxo

warmomadgenlobis wevrobis arCevnebis Sesaxeb kanonis II nawilis

me-8 muxlis moTxovnebs.

zemoaRniSnuli

garemoebebis

gaTvaliswinebiT

da

maT

safuZvelze, ... sasamarTlom daadgina:

ar dakmayofildes ukrainis socialisturi partiis sarCeli

ukrainis verxovna radas mravalmandatian saerTo-

saxelmwifoebriv arCevnebSi kandidatad registraciaze uaris

Tqmis Sesaxeb centraluri saarCevno komisiis 2002 wlis 26

ianvris #94 dadgenilebis me-2 punqtTan dakavSirebiT.~

26.

2002

wlis

21

noembers

ganmcxadebelma

Seatyobina

sasamarTlos, rom igi cxovrobs aSS-Si, sadac aqvs ltolvilis

statusi. vinaidan misi saqme farTod iqna gaSuqebuli masobrivi

informaciis

saSualebebSi,

aRniSnulis

Sesaxeb

ukrainis

sazogadoeba informirebuli iyo.

II. Sesabamisi saerTaSoriso samarTali, Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

samarTali da praqtika

A. ltolvilTa saarCevno uflebis SezRudva saerTaSoriso

samarTalSi

27. 1966 wlis samoqalaqo da politikur uflebaTa saerTaSoriso

paqtis (romlis monawilea ukraina) 25-e muxliT moqalaqeebisTvis

garantirebulia xmis micemis da sajaro samsaxurSi asarCevad

kenWisyris ufleba.

28. rac Seexeba ltolvilTa monawileobas maTi warmoSobis

qveyanaSi mimdinare arCevnebSi, adamianis uflebaTa komitetma,

aRniSna ra Tavis 25-e zogad komentarSi (1996 w.) samoqalaqo da

politikur uflebaTa saerTaSoriso paqtis 25-e muxlTan

dakavSirebiT, rom 25-e muxli krZalavs moqalaqeTa TviTnebur

diskriminacias, miiCnia, rom registraciis moTxovna, romelic

damokidebulia

sacxovrebelze,

dasabuTebuli

da

gamarTlebulia. amdenad, saxelmwifoebs aqvT ufleba, saarCevno

ufleba SezRudon im moqalaqeebamde, romlebic Cveulebriv

cxovroben maT teritoriaze. imave komentarSi aseve naTqvami iyo:

`... 15. pasiuri saarCevno ufleba da SesaZlebloba uzrunvelyofs

imas, rom xmis micemis uflebis mqone pirebs hqondeT kandidatTa

Tavisufali arCevis SesaZlebloba. pasiuri saarCevno uflebis

nebismieri SezRudva, rogoricaa minimaluri asaki, dafuZnebuli

unda iyos obieqtur da gonivrul kriteriumebze. pirebi,

romlebsac aqvT pasiuri saarCevno ufleba, ar unda gamoiricxon

aragonivruli an diskriminaciuli moTxovnebis gamo, rogoricaa

ganaTleba, sacxovrebeli adgili da warmoSoba an politikuri

kuTvnileba. dauSvebelia vinme daeqvemdebaros nebismieri saxis

diskriminacias an araTanabar mdgomareobaSi Cayenebas mxolod

imitom, rom es piri kandidatia. monawile saxelmwifoebma unda

daakanonon da ganmarton is sakanonmdeblo normebi, romlebic

gamoricxavs arCeviT Tanamdebobaze pirTa romelime jgufis an

kategoriis arCevis SesaZleblobas.~

B. amonaridebi veneciis komisiis 51-e plenarul sxdomaze (2002

wlis 5-6 ivlisi) miRebuli saarCevno saxelmZRvanelo wesebidan

29. 2002 wlis 5-6 ivlisis saarCevno saxelmZRvanelo wesebis

Sesabamis amonaridebSi vkiTxulobT:

`evropis saarCevno memkvidreobis principebi (ganmartebiTi

baraTis proeqti)

... mesame, aqtiuri saarCevno ufleba da pasiuri saarCevno ufleba

SeiZleba daeqvemdebaros garkveul moTxovnebs, ... sacxovrebel

adgilSi igulisxmeba Cveulebrivi sacxovrebeli adgili. ...

Zalian cota saxelmwifo Tu aniWebs sazRvargareT mcxovreb mis

moqalaqeebs xmis micemis uflebas da TviT pasiur saarCevno

uflebasac ki. ... registracia unda moxdes amomrCevlis meorad

sacxovrebel adgilze, Tu igi ZiriTadad am meorad sacxovrebel

adgilze cxovrobs da, magaliTad, iq ixdis gadasaxadebs; am

SemTxvevaSi, ra Tqma unda, amomrCeveli pirvelad sacxovrebel

adgilze ar unda daregistrirdes.

qveyanaSi moqalaqeTa Tavisufali gadaadgilebis ufleba erT-

erTi ZiriTadi uflebaa, romelic aucilebelia namdvili

demokratiuli

arCevnebisTvis.

magram

Tu

adamianebis

gadaadgileba moxda maTi nebis sawinaaRmdegod, isini garkveuli

vadiT unda CaiTvalon Tavdapirvel sacxovrebel adgilze

macxovreblebad. es SesaZlebloba sakuTari qveynis teritoriis

SigniT iZulebiT gadaadgilebul pirebs unda hqondeT sul cota

xuTi da araumetes TxuTmeti wlis ganmavlobaSi.

da

bolos,

SeiZleba

dadgindes

politikuri

uflebebis

moqmedebis SemaCerebeli debulebebi. magram aseTi debulebebi

unda Seesabamebodes ZiriTadi uflebebis SezRudvis Cveulebriv

pirobebs. kerZod, es debulebebi

- gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos kanoniT;

- unda iTvaliswinebdes proporciulobis princips;

-

unda efuZnebodes qmeduunarobas an mZime danaSaulSi

nasamarTlobas.

garda amisa, politikuri uflebebis SeCereba SeiZleba moxdes

mxolod

kanonis

safuZvelze

Seqmnili

sasamarTlos

gadawyvetilebiT. Tumca, qmeduunarobis safuZvliT politikuri

uflebebis SeCerebis SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTlom gadawyvetileba

SeiZleba

gamoitanos

qmeduunarobasTan

dakavSirebiT,

rac

avtomaturad gamoiwvevs samoqalaqo uflebebis CamorTmevas.

pasiuri uflebis SeCerebis pirobebi SeiZleba naklebad mkacri

iyos, vidre misi CamorTmevis pirobebi, radgan saqme exeba sajaro

samsaxurs, xolo am SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba legitimuri iyos am

samsaxurze

uaris

Tqma

iseTi

pirebisaTvis,

romelTa

saqmianobamac SeiZleba ufri didi sajaro interesi daazianos.~

C. saxelmwifoTa praqtika sacxovrebeli adgilis moTxovnasTan

dakavSirebiT aqtiuri saarCevno uflebis SemTxvevaSi

30. ar arsebobs raime erTiani saxelmwifo praqtika sazRvargareT

myofi

dakavSirebiT.

sacxovrebeli adgilis kriteriums (magaliTad, gaerTianebuli

moqalaqeebis

mier

arCevnebSi

monawileobasTan

marTalia,

bevri

saxelmwifo

ar awesebs

samefo,

saberZneTi,

irlandia,

kviprosi,

fineTi,

italia,

CexeTis

safrangeTi,

respublika,

poloneTi,

niderlandebi,

espaneTi, portugalia, estoneTi, latvia, xorvatia, moldova,

Sveicaria, avstria da TurqeTi), magram sxva saxelmwifoebi

agrZeleben am kriteriumis gamoyenebas saprezidento aCevnebSi

(magaliTad,

albaneTi da ruseTi) an saparlamento arCevnebSi (malta da

islandia saprezidento sistemebi; lixtenSteini, belgia,

germania,

bulgareTi,

makedonia,

azerbaijani,

–

luqsemburgi, dania, norvegia da SvedeTi – arasaprezidento

sistemebi) an orive tipis arCevnebSi (magaliTad, ungreTi,

slovakeTi, somxeTi, rumineTi, saqarTvelo, litva da ukraina).

D. ukrainis 1996 wlis konstitucia

31. ukrainis konstituciis Sesabamis amonaridebSi vkiTxulobT:

muxli 8

`... ukrainis konstitucias yvelaze maRali iuridiuli Zala aqvs.

... ukrainis konstituciis normebi moqmedebs uSualod...~

muxli 9

`saerTaSoriso

xelSekrulebebi,

romlebic

ZalaSia

da

savaldebulod aRiarebulia ukrainis verxovna radas mier,

warmoadgens ukrainis kanonmdeblobis nawils. ...~

muxli 22

`... konstituciuri uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi garantirebulia

da maTi gauqmeba dauSvebelia. ...~

muxli 24

`... dauSvebelia privilegiebis an SezRudvebis arseboba ...

politikuri ... da sxva mrwamsis ..., [an] sacxovrebeli adgilis

motiviT ...~

muxli 38

`moqalaqeebs ufleba aqvT, monawileoba miiRon saxelmwifo

saqmeebis marTvaSi, saerTo-saxelmwifoebriv da adgilobriv

referendumebSi,

saxelmwifo xelisuflebis

agreTve adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebSi.

Tavisuflad

airCion

ganmaxorcielebel

an

arCeul

iqnen

organoebSi,

moqalaqeebs

Tanaswori

xelmisawvdomobis

ufleba

aqvT

samoqalaqo samsaxurze da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis

organoebSi samsaxurze.~

muxli 64

`dauSvebelia adamianis da moqalaqis konstituciur uflebaTa

da TavisuflebaTa SezRudva, garda ukrainis konstituciiT

gaTvaliswinebuli SemTxvevebisa.

saomari

konkretuli SezRudvebi uflebebsa da Tavisuflebebze, am

SezRudvebis moqmedebis vadis miTiTebiT. dauSvebelia

konstituciis 24-e, 25-e, 27-e, 28-e, 29-e, me-40, 47-e, 51-e, 52-e, 55-e, 56-e,

an

sagangebo

mdgomareobisas

SeiZleba

dawesdes

57-e, 58-e, 59-e, me-60, 61-e, 62-e da 63-e muxlebiT gaTvaliswinebuli

uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis SezRudva.~

muxli 76

`... ukrainis moqalaqes, romelmac arCevnebis TariRisTvis miaRwia

21 wlis asaks, aqvs ufleba, airCios da, Tu igi bolo xuTi wlis

ganmavlobaSi cxovrobda ukrainis teritoriaze, arCeuli iqnes

verxovna radaSi ...

piri, romelic nasamarTlevia ganzrax Cadenili danaSaulis gamo,

ver iqneba arCeuli ukrainis verxovna radaSi, Tu nasamarTloba

gabaTilebuli ara aqvs kanoniT dadgenili wesiT...~

muxli 77

`... verxovna radas saxalxo warmomadgenelTa arCevis wesi ...

dadgenilia kanoniT.~

E. 1997 wlis 17 dekembris kanoni ukrainis centraluri saarCevno

komisiis Sesaxeb

32. ukrainis centraluri saarCevno komisiis Sesaxeb 1997 wlis 17

dekembris kanonis Sesabamis amonaridebSi vkiTxulobT:

muxli 1 – centraluri saarCevno komisiis statusi

`centraluri saarCevno komisia aris mudmivmoqmedi saxelmwifo

organo, romelic, ukrainis konstituciis, am kanonis da ukrainis

sxva sakanonmdeblo aqtebis Sesabamisad, uzrunvelyofs ukrainis

prezidentis,

ukrainis

verxovna

radas

saxalxo

warmomadgenlebis,

agreTve

saerTo-saxelmwifoebrivi

referendumebis organizacias, momzadebas da Catarebas.~

muxli 14(11) – centraluri saarCevno komisiis uflebamosilebebi

`centraluri saarCevno komisia: ...

(11) ukrainis kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad, registraciaSi atarebs

ukrainis verxovna radas wevrobis kandidatTa siebs politikuri

partiebidan an partiebis saarCevno jgufebidan da politikur

partiebze da saarCevno jgufebze gascems siebis registraciis

Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebis asls; aseve, kandidatebze gascems maTi

registraciis damadasturebel oficialur sabuTs.~

*

F. 1963 wlis 18 ivlisis samoqalaqo kodeqsi

33. samoqalaqo kodeqsis Sesabamis amonaridebSi vkiTxulobT:

muxli 17(1) – sacxovrebeli adgili

`sacxovrebel adgilad miiCneva adgili, sadac moqalaqe mudmivad

an droebiT cxovrobs.~

G.

saxelmwifo

saidumloebis

mniSvneloba

sapasporto

gancxadebebisTvis

34. kanoni ukrainis moqalaqeTa ukrainaSi Sesvlis da ukrainidan

gasvlis wesis Sesaxeb Seicavs miTiTebas saxelmwifo

saidumloebaTa Sesaxeb kanonis me-12 muxlze. pirebi, romlebsac

aqvT daSveba saxelmwifo saidumloebasTan, ufro mkacrad

kontroldebian sagareo pasportis aRebaze an sazRvargareT

mudmivad

sacxovreblad

wasvlaze

gancxadebis

Setanis

SemTxvevaSi. Sinagan saqmeTa saministro saxelmwifo dazvervis

samsaxurTan erTad sistematurad amowmebs sagareo pasportis

aRebaze gancxadebis Semtan yvela pirs.

H. 2001 wlis 18 oqtombris kanoni arCevnebis Sesaxeb (2002 wlis 17

ianvris cvililebebiT)

35.

arCevnebis

Sesaxeb

kanonis

Sesabamis

amonaridebSi

vkiTxulobT:

muxli 8 – aqtiuri saarCevno ufleba

`1. ukrainis moqalaqes, romelmac miaRwia 21 wlis asaks

arCevnebis dRisTvis, aqvs arCevnebSi xmis micemis ufleba da [Tu

igi] cxovrobda ukrainis teritoriaze bolo xuTi wlis

ganmavlobaSi, aqvs ufleba, arCeuli iqnes parlamentis wevrad.

2. am kanonis miznebisTvis ukrainaSi cxovrebad iTvleba

cxovreba

saxelmwifo

mis

teritoriaze,

sazRvrebSi moqceuli

romelSic

Sedis:

ukrainis

teritoria,

saxelmwifo droSiT mocurave gemebi da ukrainis diplomatiur

da sakonsulo dawesebulebebSi, saerTaSoriso organizaciebSi

da maT organoebSi, ukrainis polarul sadgurebze kanoniT

dadgenili

agreTve

wesiT

ukrainis

moqalaqeTa

moqalaqeebis

adgilsamyofeli,

ukrainis

adgilsamyofeli

sazRvrebs gareT im saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebis Sesabamisad,

romlebic ZalaSia Sesuli ukrainisTvis.~

*

romelic ZalaSi iyo saqmisTvis mniSvnelovan dros

muxli 41 – partiis saarCevno siaSi myofi parlamentis wevris

registraciis pirobebi

`... 8) partiis (blokis) saarCevno siaSi myofi piris biografia,

romelic ar unda aRematebodes 2000 simbolos, unda Seicavdes:

saxels, gvars, mamis saxels, dabadebis dRes, Tves, wels da

adgils,

moqalaqeobas,

informacias

ganaTlebis,

SromiTi

saqmianobis, profesiis, samuSao adgilis, sajaro samsaxurSi (maT

Soris arCeviT Tanamdebobebze) yofnis, partiis wevrobis,

ojaxuri mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, sacxovrebeli adgilis misamarTs

ukrainaSi cxovrebis xangrZlivobis [da, arsebobis SemTxvevaSi,]

nasamarTlobis ... miTiTebiT;~

muxli 47 – parlamentis wevrobis kandidatad registraciaze

uaris Tqma

`saarCevno komisia uars etyvis pirs parlamentis wevrobis

kandidatad registraciaze, Tu: ...

4) ... am kanonis 41-e muxliT ... gaTvaliswinebuli dokumentacia

arasaTanadodaa warmodgenili...~

6) arCevnebSi kandidatad dasaxelebuli piri emigrirebulia

ucxo qveyanaSi mudmivad sacxovreblad;

8) Sesabamisi saarCevno komisia daadgens, rom kanonis safuZvelze

warmodgenil dokumentaciaSi miTiTebuli iyo arsebiTad mcdari

informacia ...~

I. samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsi (2002 wlis

7

martis

cvlilebebiT)

36. samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis Sesabamis amonaridebSi

vkiTxulobT:

muxli 243(16) – gansjadoba saCivrebze an saapelacio saCivrebze

`saarCevno

komisiis

gadawyvetilebebTan,

moqmedebebTan

an

umoqmedobebTan dakavSirebul saCivrebs ganixilavs ukrainis

uzenaesi sasamarTlo.~

muxli 243(17) – saCivris an saapelacio saCivris Setana

`saarCevno

komisiis

gadawyvetilebebTan,

moqmedebebTan

an

umoqmedobebTan, garda am kodeqsis “30-Б” da “30-В” TavebSi

gansazRvruli SemTxvevebisa, dakavSirebuli saCivrebi Seitaneba

ukrainis uzenaes sasamarTloSi 7 dRis vadaSi saarCevno komisiis

mier Sesabamisi gadawyvetilebis gamotanidan an moqmedebis an

umoqmedobis ganxorcielebidan. saarCevno procesis monawileebs

ufleba aqvT, ukrainis uzenaes sasamarTlos mimarTon saCivriT,

Tu isini Tvlian, rom saarCevno komisiis gadawyvetilebiT,

moqmedebiT

an

umoqmedobiT

dairRva

maTi

uflebebi

an

samarTlebrivi interesebi.~

muxli 243(20) – [uzenaesi] sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba

`saCivris

gadawyvetileba.

ganxilvis

Tu

Semdeg

saCivari

sasamarTlos

dasabuTebulia,

gamoaqvs

sasamarTlo

centraluri saarCevno komisiis moqmedebas an umoqmedobas cnobs

ukanonod, auqmebs gadawyvetilebas, akmayofilebs momCivanis

saCivars da gamoasworebs darRvevas. Tu dadginda centraluri

saarCevno komisiis gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebis an moqmedebis

Sesabamisoba kanonTan, sasamarTlos gamoaqvs gadawyvetileba

saCivris dakmayofilebaze uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb. sasamarTlos

gadawyvetileba sabolooa da gasaCivrebas ar eqvemdebareba. ...~

J. 2002 wlis 10 ianvris kanoni `ltolvilTa statusis Sesaxeb

konvenciasTan

da

ltolvilTa

statusis

Sesaxeb

oqmTan

mierTebis Sesaxeb~

37. 2002 wlis 10 ianvris aRniSnuli kanonis Sesabamis nawilSi

vkiTxulobT:

`ukrainis verxovna rada adgens, miuerTdes 1951 wlis konvencias

ltolvilTa statusis Sesaxeb da 1967 wlis oqms ltolvilTa

statusis Sesaxeb.~

oqmis saratifikacio dokumenti Cabarda 2002 wlis 4 aprils da

ZalaSi Sevida imave dRes. konvenciis saratifikacio dokumenti

Cabarda 2002 wlis 10 ivniss da ZalaSi Sevida 2002 wlis 8

seqtembers.

K. ukrainis sakonstitucio sasamarTlos 2002 wlis 14 martis

gadawyvetileba (#4-y/2002)

38. 2002 wlis 14 martis zemoxsenebuli gadawyvetilebis Sesabamis

amonaridebSi vkiTxulobT:

`ukrainis kanoni moqalaqeobis Sesaxeb gansazRvravs, rom

ukrainis teritoriaze uwyveti cxovreba niSnavs piris cxovrebas

ukrainaSi, Tu mis mier sazRvargareT yofnis xangrZlivoba ar

aRemateba 90 dRes, xolo mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi – 180 dRes.

uwyveti cxovrebis moTxovna ar unda CaiTvalos darRveulad, Tu

piri imyofeba saqmiani vizitiT, swavlobs sazRvargareT,

mkurnalobs samedicino dawesebulebis rekomendaciiT an icvlis

sacxovrebel adgils ukrainis teritoriaze (zemoxsenebuli

kanonis pirveli muxli) ...~

L. uzenaesi sasamarTlos praqtika

39. uzenaesi sasamarTlos samosamarTlo praqtikis Sesabamis

amonaridebSi vkiTxulobT:

1. uzenaesi sasamarTlos 2002 wlis 25 martis gadawyvetileba

batoni viqtor Caikas saqmeze

`parlamentis wevrobis kandidatis Sesaxeb informaciis arsebiTi

mcdaroba dakavSirebuli unda iyos ganzrax moqmedebasTan,

romlis mizania, daumalos centralur saarCevno komisias da

amomrCevlebs WeSmariti informacia, romelic gamoiwvevda am

piris gamoricxvas arCevnebidan ...~

2. uzenaesi sasamarTlos 2002 wlis 13 Tebervlis gadawyvetileba

batoni iuri buzduganis saqmeze

`centraluri saarCevno komisiisTvis saregistraciod wardgenil

dokumentaciaSi aRmoCenili sakancelario Secdoma ar aris

ukrainis parlamentis wevrobis kandidatad pirisTvis uaris

Tqmis safuZveli.~

3. uzenaesi sasamarTlos 2002 wlis 25 martis gadawyvetileba

batoni oleksandr vaskos saqmeze

`informaciis arsebiTi mcdaroba ... SeiZleba ukavSirdebodes ...

kandidatis biografias an finansur mdgomareobas ... romelmac

SeiZleba amomrCevlebs Seuqmnas araswori mosazreba mocemuli

kandidatis

damoukideblobis an finansuri SesaZleblobebis Sesaxeb. magram

yovel konkretul SemTxvevaSi komisiis daskvna aseTi

Rirseulobis,

kvalifikaciis,

ekonomikuri

informaciis arsebiTi mcdarobis Sesaxeb unda efuZnebodes

kandidatis mier warmodgenil dokumentaciaSi moyvanili sruli

informaciis mTlianobaSi Sefasebis Sedegebs da im garemoebebs,

romlebmac gamoiwvia mcdari informaciis miwodeba.~

4. uzenaesi sasamarTlos 2002 wlis 25 martis gadawyvetileba

batoni stefan xmaras saqmeze

`... kandidatis mier warmodgenili mcdari informacia, romelmac

SeiZleba gamoiwvios misi gamoricxva parlamentis saxalxo

warmomadgenelTa

ukavSirdebodes mis asaks, moqalaqeobas, ukrainaSi cxovrebis

xangrZlivobas an mis nasamarTlobas ganzrax Cadenili

arCevnebSi

monawileobisgan,

SeiZleba

danaSaulebis gamo... sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom kandidatis mier

qonebis siaSi mis sakuTrebaSi arsebuli arasacxovrebeli

adgilebis Seutanloba ... ar warmoadgens iseT arsebiTad mcdar

informacias,

romelsac

SeuZlia

gamoiwvios

arCevnebSi

kandidatad misi registraciis gauqmeba.~

M. cxovrebasTan dakavSirebuli debulebebi

40. arCevnebSi monawileobis kandidatebis mier qonebrivi

deklaraciis

Sevsebis

Sesaxeb

2001

wlis

28

dekembris

rekomendaciis²Sesabamis amonaridebSi vkiTxulobT:

`B. rekomendacia Sevsebis meTodTan dakavSirebiT ...

... 1.2. es punqti [sacxovrebel adgilTan dakavSirebiT] unda

Seivsos Caweris an droebiTi Caweris (registraciis) adgilis

mixedviT,

romelic

miTiTebulia

[moqalaqis

Cveulebriv]

pasportSi.~

41. satelefono momsaxurebiT sargeblobis wesebi moiTxovs, rom

moqalaqem miuTiTos mudmivi sacxovrebeli adgili (Caweris

adgili, romelic miTiTebulia pasportSi). msgavsi moTxovnebi

moipoveba aseve umuSevrobis Semweobis miRebis, mosaxleobis

aRricxvis, pasportebis gacemisa da sxva wesebSi.

N. iuridiuli Teoria da praqtika

42. koreckis saxelobis saxelmwifosa da samarTlis institutis

(mecnierebaTa erovnuli akademia)

momuSave cnobili dawesebulebis

–

samarTlis sakiTxebze

ganmartebis mixedviT,

pasporti aris oficialuri dokumenti, romelic adasturebs misi

mflobelis vinaobas, ukrainis moqalaqeobas da mis mudmiv

sacxovrebel adgils. piri bolo xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi

ukrainaSi mcxovrebad unda CaiTvalos, Tu mas aqvs pasporti,

romelSic bolo xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi miTiTebulia Caweris

adgili. arc konstitucia da arc kanoni arCevnebis Sesaxeb ar

moiTxovs

informacias

faqtobrivi

sacxovrebeli

adgilis

Sesaxeb, aramed mxolod oficialuri sacxovrebeli adgilis

Sesaxeb, pasportSi miTiTebuli Caweris adgilis mixedviT. es

mosazreba

daadastura

uzenaesi

sasamarTlos

samoqalaqo

palatam 1998 wlis 10 ivnisis gadawyvetilebaSi # 6-110y98 saqmeze:

`parlamentis wevris, parlamentis wevrobis kandidatis an

arCevnebTan mimarTebaSi sxva piris sacxovrebel adgilTan

dakavSirebiT iuridiuli Zala aqvs mxolod kanoniT dadgenili

2

sruli dasaxeleba: verxovna radas wevrobis kandidatis da misi ojaxis

wevrebis qonebis da Semosavlebis deklaracia 2001 wlis mdgomareobiT da

misi Sevsebis meTodikis Sesaxeb rekomendacia, damtkicebuli ukrainis

finansTa ministris 2001 wlis 28 dekembris # 611 brZanebiT, registrirebuli

iusticiis saministroSi 2002 wlis 2 ianvars nomriT 1/6289.

wesiT Sekrebil dokumentirebul monacemebs, radgan es aris

ZiriTadi monacemebi am piris Sesaxeb ...

... pasporti aris zogadi dokumenti, romelic adasturebs misi

mflobelis vinaobas, ukrainis moqalaqeobas da moqalaqis mudmiv

sacxovrebel adgils (ix. ukrainis moqalaqeobis Sesaxeb kanonis

me-5 muxli da ukrainis moqalaqis pasportis Sesaxeb wesebis

pirveli da me-6 muxlebi; 1993 wlis 2 seqtemberi, # 3423-XII) ...

iTvleba, rom piri cxovrobda ukrainaSi bolo xuTi wlis

ganmavlobaSi, Tu es piri flobs ukrainis moqalaqis pasports,

romelSic miTiTebulia bolo xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi misi

Caweris adgili. Cawera adasturebs mudmivi sacxovrebeli

adgilis registraciis faqts.~

samarTlebrivi Sefaseba

I. konvenciis pirveli oqmis me-3 muxlis savaraudo darRveva

43. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebs, rom mis mimarT dairRva konvenciis

pirveli oqmis me-3 muxli, romlis Tanaxmad:

`maRali xelSemkvreli mxareebi kisruloben valdebulebas,

gonivruli periodulobiT Caataron Tavisufali arCevnebi

faruli kenWisyriT iseT pirobebSi, romlebic sakanonmdeblo

organoebis arCevisas uzrunvelyofs xalxis neba-survilis

Tavisufal gamoxatvas.~

A. mxareTa gancxadebebi

44. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebs, rom mas TviTneburad eTqva uari

ukrainis socialisturi partiis siidan verxovna radaSi

arCevnebis kandidatad registraciaze. misi TqmiT, pirveli, man

WeSmariti informacia miawoda bolo xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi

Caweris mixedviT misi sacxovrebeli adgilis Sesaxeb da meore,

mas hqonda sacxovrebeli ukrainaSi da imavdroulad imyofeboda

qveynis gareT `saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebis Sesabamisad~,

rasac iTvaliswinebs kanoni arCevnebis Sesaxeb, radgan mas

miniWebuli hqonda ltolvilis statusi aSS-is mTavrobis mier,

xolo ukrainas xeli hqonda mowerili 1951 wlis Jenevis

konvenciaze ltolvilTa statusis Sesaxeb. ganmcxadebeli

amtkicebda, rom misTvis verxovna radas wevrobis kandidatad

registraciaze uars ar hqonda raime obieqturi an gonivruli

gamarTleba, is ar emsaxureboda legitimur mizans da misi

uflebebis xelyofa ar iyo proporciuli.

45. ganmcxadebelma aRniSna, rom marTalia, kanoni arCevnebis

Sesaxeb ar ewinaaRmdegeboda pirveli oqmis me-3 muxls, magram am

kanonis ganmarteba mis SemTxvevaSi adgilobrivma xelisuflebam

TviTneburad moaxdina, radgan kanoni ar azustebda, kandidats

bolo xuTi weli ukrainaSi iuridiuli sacxovrebeli adgili

unda hqonoda Tu faqtobrivi. misi azriT, sacxovrebeli adgilis

kriteriumis dakmayofileba aSkarad mtkicdeboda ukrainis

moqalaqis Sida pasportSi Caweris damadasturebeli beWdiT.

Cawera miuTiTebda mis mudmiv, iuridiul misamarTs ukrainaSi da,

Sesabamisad,

saregistracio

man

es

informacia

man

miuTiTa

kandidatis

zemoxsenebul

gancxadebaSi.

administraciul procedurebs, romlebic moiTxovdnen Caweris _

rogorc `sacxovrebeli adgilis~ miTiTebas (ix. zemoT,

punqtebi 40-42). Cawera iyo ukrainis administraciuli sistemis

ganuyofeli da fundamenturi aspeqti da warmoadgenda

_

sacxovrebeli adgilis gansazRvris ZiriTad safuZvels yvela

oficialuri mizniT. kanoni arCevnebis Sesaxeb miuTiTebda

mxolod ukrainaSi `sacxovrebel adgils~, xolo centralurma

saarCevno komisiam misTvis kandidatad registraciaze uaris

Tqmisas gamoiyena sxvadasxva termini, rogoricaa `ukrainaSi

mudmivad cxovreba~ da `faqtobrivad cxovreba~ – es terminebi ki

kanonis teqstSi ar moipoveba. amitom misTvis aRniSnuli

safuZvliT

Tanasworobis,

uaris

Tqma

ewinaaRmdegeba

kanonis

da

winaSe

kanonis

samarTlebrivi

garkveulobis

sayovelTao xasiaTis principebs.

46. ganmcxadebeli aseve amtkicebs, rom swori informacia

waradgina Tavisi sacxovrebeli adgilis Sesaxeb, rom is

iZulebuli gaxda, daetovebina ukraina xelisuflebis mxridan

politikuri motiviT misi devnis gamo. misi TqmiT, centralurma

saarCevno komisiam da uzenaesma sasamarTlom xelyves misi

pasiuri saarCevno ufleba, ukrainis konstituciis 24-e muxlis

sawinaaRmdegod, romelic krZalavs sacxovrebeli adgilis

niSniT diskriminacias.

47. mTavrobam ganacxada, rom ganmcxadebelma Tavdapirvelad

saarCevno komisias ar miawoda misi sacxovrebeli adgilis

realuri misamarTi da ar ucdia daemtkicebina, rom igi

sazRvargareT

cxovrobda

ukrainis

mier

xelmowerili

saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebis Sesabamisad, radgan ar surda

amerikaSi misi misamarTis gamxela ukrainis samarTaldamcavi

organoebisTvis. mas ar ucxovria ukrainaSi bolo xuTi wlis

ganmavlobaSi

gaTvaliswinebuli

arCevnebis

wesiT,

Sesaxeb

radgan

kanonis

arCevnebSi

me-8

muxliT

kandidatad

dasaxelebamde erT weliwadze meti xnis ganmavlobaSi ukve aSS-

Si cxovrobda, sadac ltolvilis statusiT sargeblobda. garda

amisa, ganmcxadebeli ar imyofeboda sazRvargareT ukrainis mier

xelmowerili

saerTaSoriso

xelSekrulebebis

Sesabamisad,

aRniSnuli kanonis me-8 muxlis me-2 punqtis gagebiT. mTavrobam

aRniSna, rom 1951 wlis Jenevis konvencia ukrainis mimarT ZalaSi

ar Sesula 2002 wlis 8 seqtembramde, Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

gadawyvetilebebi ganmcxadeblis saqmeze ki am TariRamde sakmaod

adre iyo miRebuli.

48. mTavrobam miuTiTa samoqalaqo kodeqsis me-17 muxlze, romlis

Tanaxmad sacxovrebel adgilad miiCneva adgili, sadac moqalaqe

mudmivad an droebiT cxovrobs (ix. zemoT, punqti 33). qveyanaSi

droebiT

aryofnis

cneba

ganisazRvra

sakonstitucio

sasamarTlos 2002 wlis 14 martis gadawyvetilebiT saqmeze #4-

y/2002 (zemoT, punqti 39). sacxovrebel adgils sruliad

gansxvavebuli

mniSvneloba

aqvs

registraciis

adgilisgan,

romelic ganisazRvreboda

CaweriT.

mTavrobis

TqmiT,

xelisuflebas farTo diskrecia unda hqondes Sesabamisi

kanonmdeblobis ganmartebisa da pirveli oqmis me-3 muxlTan misi

Sesabamisobis TvalsazrisiT.

49. amgvarad, mTavrobam gaaprotesta kanonis orazrovneba

sacxovrebeli adgilis xuTwlian moTxovnasTan dakavSirebiT.

ufro metic, mTavrobis TqmiT, arCevnebis Sesaxeb kanonis me-8

muxlis me-2 punqti farTo diskrecias aniWebda xelisuflebis

organoebs

misamarTi

imis

unda

dadgenisTvis,

miCneuliyo

Tu

romeli

sacxovrebeli

`ukrainis

SesabamisobaSi

saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebTan~.

50. mTavroba amtkicebs, rom ganmcxadebeli ver CaiTvleboda

ltolvilad, radgan igi ar idevneboda ukrainaSi da ar

emuqreboda raime devnis safrTxe. Tumca mTavrobam aRiara, rom

ukrainis samarTaldamcavi organoebi daakavebdnen ganmcxadebels

mis mier ukrainis sazRvris gadakveTis mcdelobis SemTxvevaSi.

kerZod, mTavrobam miuTiTa mimdinare sisxlissamarTlebriv

gamoZiebas,

romelic

dakavSirebuli

iyo

audioCanaweris

gamJRavnebasTan, rac TiTqos ganmcxadebelma gaakeTa ukrainis

prezidentis kabinetSi. mTavrobam aRniSna, rom saparlamento

arCevnebSi monawileobis misaRebad mcdari informaciis wardgena

savaraudod miznad isaxavda sisxlissamarTlebrivi devnisagan

imunitetis mopovebas. aseTi mizani ki Seusabamo iyo parlamentis

wevris statusTan da funqciasTan.

51. mTavrobas miaCnia, rom ganmcxadeblis registraciaze uaris

Tqmis mizezs safuZvlad daedo mcdari informaciis miwodeba da

ara konkretulad sacxovrebel adgilTan dakavSirebiT mcdari

informaciis miwodeba. informaciis simcdarem ki amomrCevlebi

SeiZleba SecdomaSi Seiyvanos kandidatis patiosnebasa da

kvalifikaciasTan dakavSirebiT. amitom aRniSnuli informaciis

gadamowmeba

SesabamisobaSia

demokratiuli

sazogadoebis

moTxovnebTan.

52. mTavrobas miaCnia, rom ganmcxadeblis saqcieli mTel am

procesSi Seuferebeli iyo parlamentis wevris statusis

mopovebis survilTan.

B. sasamarTlos praqtika

53. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom pirveli oqmis me-3 muxli asaxavs

efeqturi politikuri demokratiis fundamentur princips da,

Sesabamisad, umTavresi mniSvnelobisaa konvenciuri sistemisTvis

(ix. 1987 wlis 2 martis ganCineba saqmeze Mathieu-Mohin and Clerfayt v.

Belgium, Series A, # 113, gv. 22, punqti 47). rac Seexeba kavSirs

demokratiasa da konvencias Soris, sasamarTlom gaakeTa Semdegi

daskvnebi Tavis 1998 wlis 30 ianvris ganCinebaSi saqmeze United

Communist Party of Turkey and Others v. Turkey (Reports of Judgments and

Decisions 1998-I, gv. 21-22, punqti 45, gameorebuli saqmeze Yazar and

Others v. Turkey, ## 22723/93, 22724/93 da 22725/93, punqti 47, ECHR

2002-II):

`demokratias udavod arsebiTi mniSvneloba aqvs evropaSi

sazogadoebrivi wesrigisTvis ... es aSkaraa, pirvel rigSi,

konvenciis preambulidan, romelic adgens Zalian mkafio kavSirs

konvenciasa da demokratias Soris, rodesac acxadebs, rom

adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa dacva da maTi

Semdgomi realizacia saukeTesod xorcieldeba, erTi mxriv,

efeqtiani politikuri demokratiiT da, meore mxriv, adamianis

uflebaTa

saerTo

gagebiTa

da

maTi

uzrunvelyofiT

...

preambulis Semdgom teqstSi kvlav dasturdeba, rom evropis

qveynebs aqvT politikuri tradiciebis, idealebis, Tavisuflebis

da kanonis uzenaesobis saerTo memkvidreoba. sasamarTlos

azriT, swored am saerTo memkvidreobaSi unda moiZebnos

konvenciis

ramdenjerme aRniSna, rom konvencia Seiqmna imisaTvis, rom

daculi da xelSewyobili yofiliyo demokratiuli

fuZemdebluri

Rirebulebebi

...;

sasamarTlom

sazogadoebis idealebi da Rirebulebebi ...~ (ix. zemoxsenebuli

ganCineba iazaris da sxvebis saqmeze, punqti 47).

54. sasamarTlo miuTiTebs, rom pirveli oqmis me-3 muxli

gulisxmobs aqtiuri da pasiuri kenWisyris subieqtur uflebebs.

marTalia, es uflebebi Zalian mniSvnelovania, magram isini araa

absoluturi xasiaTis. me-3 muxli aRiarebs am uflebebs maTi

mkafiod formulirebis gareSe, rom araferi vTqvaT maT

gansazRvraze, amitom igi tovebs saSualebas `nagulisxmevi

SezRudvebisTvis~

(ix.

zemoxsenebuli

meTiu-mohinis

da

klerfeitis saqme, gv. 23, punqti 52). xelSemkvrel saxelmwifoebs

ufleba aqvT, TavianT samarTlis sistemebSi aqtiuri da pasiuri

saarCevno uflebebis ganxorcieleba daafuZnon iseT pirobebze,

romlebic akrZaluli ar aris me-3 muxliT. maT am sferoSi

farTo diskrecia aqvT, magram sasamarTlos, rogorc ukanaskneli

saSualebis, prerogativaa, daadginos, Sesrulebuli iqna Tu ara

pirveli oqmis moTxovnebi; sasamarTlo unda darwmundes, rom

aRniSnuli pirobebi am uflebebs imdenad ar zRudaven, rom

xelyon maTi arsi da datovon efeqturobis gareSe; rom es

pirobebi dadgenilia legitimuri mizniT da rom gamoyenebuli

saSualebebi aris proporciuli.

55. rac Seexeba konstituciur wesebs parlamentis wevrebis

statusTan dakavSirebiT, maTi Seusabamod miCnevis kriteriumebis

CaTvliT, marTalia, am wesebs aqvT saerTo sawyisi, rom arCeuli

warmomadgenlebi unda iyvnen damoukidebelni da, amasTanave,

amomrCevlebi unda iyvnen Tavisufalni, aRniSnuli kriteriumebi

gansxvavdeba

konkretuli

saxelmwifos

istoriuli

da

politikuri faqtorebis mixedviT. evropis sabWos uamravi wevri

saxelmwifos konstituciaSi da saarCevno kanonmdeblobaSi

asaxuli situaciebis mravalgvaroba mianiSnebs mocemul sferoSi

midgomaTa farTo sxvadasxvaobaze. me-3 muxlis gamoyenebis

miznebisTvis nebismieri saarCevno kanonmdebloba unda Sefasdes

Sesabamisi qveynis politikuri ganviTarebis fonze, rameTu

garkveuli niSnebi, romlebic miuRebeli iqneboda erTi sistemis

konteqstSi, SeiZleba gamarTlebuli iyos meore sistemis

konteqstSi.

Tumca

am

kuTxiT

saxelmwifos

diskrecia

SezRudulia me-3 muxlis fundamenturi principis pativiscemis

valdebulebiT – es aris `sakanonmdeblo organoebis arCevisas

xalxis neba-survilis Tavisufali gamoxatvis uzrunvelyofa~ (ix.

zemoxsenebuli meTiu-mohinis da klerfeitis saqme, gv. 23-24,

punqti 54; saqme Podkolzina v. Latvia, # 46726/99, punqti 33, ECHR 2002-

II).

56. rac Seexeba sacxovrebeli adgilis kriteriums pasiur

saarCevno uflebasTan mimarTebaSi, rogorc aseTs, sasamarTlos

am sakiTxze sakuTari mosazreba arasodes daufiqsirebia. Tumca,

calke aqtiur saarCevno uflebasTan mimarTebaSi, sasamarTlos

naTqvami aqvs, rom aRniSnuli kriteriumi ar iyo aragonivruli

an TviTneburi (ix. ganCineba saqmeze Hilbe v. Liechtenstein, #31981/96,

ECHR 1999-VI). sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom sacxovrebeli adgilis

kriteriumi

aqtiuri

saarCevno

uflebis

SemTxvevaSi

gamarTlebulia

Semdegi

safuZvlebiT:

(1)

varaudi, rom

ararezidenti moqalaqe naklebad aris uSualod da xangrZlivad

dainteresebuli da naklebad icnobs qveynis yoveldRiur

problemebs; (2) arapraqtikuloba da arasasurveloba (zogjer

SeuZleblobac) imisa, rom parlamentis wevrobis kandidatebma

sxvadasxva

sazRvargareT

saarCevno

mcxovrebi

sakiTxebis

wardgena

moaxdinon

maTi azris

moqalaqeebisTvis

Tavisufali gamoxatvis uzrunvelyofis mizniT; (3) rezidenti

moqalaqeebis gavlena kandidatebis SerCevaze da maTi saarCevno

programebis Camoyalibebaze; da (4) Tanafardoba parlamentis

arCevnebSi xmis micemis uflebasa da amgvarad arCeuli

politikuri organoebis qmedebaTa Sedegebis uSualo wvnevas

Soris (Polacco and Garofalo v. Italy, # 23450/94, komisiis 1997 wlis 15

seqtembris gadawyvetileba, komisiis manamde arsebul praqtikaze

miTiTebiT).

57. magram sasamarTlo iziarebs im mosazrebas, rom aqtiuri (xmis

micemis) saarCevno uflebisgan gansxvavebiT pasiuri saarCevno

uflebis

SeiZleba

gansaxorcieleblad

dawesdes (ix.

ufro

veneciis

mkacri

komisiis

kriteriumebi

saarCevno

saxelmZRvanelo wesebi, zemoT, punqti 29). amitom sasamarTlo

arasworad ar miiCnevs parlamentis wevrobis potenciuri

kandidatebis

mier

xuTwliani

sacxovrebeli

adgilis

kriteriumis dakmayofilebas. es kriteriumi mizanSewonilad

SeiZleba CaiTvalos, raTa aRniSnulma pirebma SeiZinon sakmarisi

codna

im

sakiTxebisa,

romlebic

erovnuli

parlamentis

funqciebis ganxorcielebas ukavSirdeba.

58. amasTanave, arsebiTad mniSvnelovania, rom saparlamento

kandidatebi warmoCindnen, rogorc patiosani da marTali

adamianebi. sazogadoebisaTvis sakuTari Tavis srulad da

patiosnad gacnobis davaldebulebiT, amomrCevlebs eZlevaT

saSualeba, Seafason kandidatis piradi kvalifikacia da

parlamentSi

maTi

interesebis

saukeTesod

warmodgenis

SesaZlebloba. aseTi kriteriumebi aSkarad SesabamisobaSia

demokratiuli sazogadoebis interesebTan da saxelmwifoebs

aqvT garkveuli diskrecia maTi gamoyenebisTvis.

59. amasTan dakavSirebiT sasamarTlo imeorebs, rom konvenciis

mizani

moiTxovs,

rom

misi

debulebebi

ganimartos

da

gamoyenebuli iqnes ise, rom maTSi gaTvaliswinebuli danawesebi

iyos ara ubralod Teoriuli an iluzoruli, aramed praqtikuli

da efeqturi (ix., magaliTad, 1980 wlis ganCineba saqmeze Artico v.

Italy, Series A, # 37, gv. 15-16, punqti 33; 1998 wlis 30 ianvris

ganCineba saqmeze United Communist Party of Turkey and Others v. Turkey,

Reports 1998-I, gv. 18-19, punqti 33; da Chassagnou and Others v. France [GC],

## 25088/94, 28331/95 da 28443/95, punqti 100, ECHR 1999-III). pasiuri

saarCevno ufleba, romelic garantirebulia pirveli oqmis me-3

muxliT da ganuyofeli nawilia namdvili demokratiuli wyobis

cnebisa, iluzoruli iqneboda, SesaZlebeli rom yofiliyo

adamianisTvis misi nebismier momentSi warTmeva. amitom marTalia,

saxelmwifoebs zogadad aqvT farTo diskrecia am uflebis

ganxorcielebisTvis kriteriumebis dadgenisas, magram uflebebis

efeqturobis principi moiTxovs, rom kriteriumebis procedura

Seicavdes

miRebisgan.

sakmaris

dacvas

gadawyvetilebaTa

TviTneburad

C. sasamarTlos praqtikis misadageba mocemuli saqmisadmi

60. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom misi kompetencia, Seamowmos

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi samarTlis moTxovnaTa Sesruleba,

SezRudulia (ix. 1990 wlis ganCineba saqmeze Håkansson and Sturesson

v. Sweden, Series A, # 171-A, gv. 16, punqti 47) da sasamarTlos

funqcia

ar

aris

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

sasamarTloebis

Canacvleba. Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi kanonmdeblobis ganmarteba

upiratesad erovnuli xelisuflebis organoebis prerogativaa

(ix. saqme Waite and Kennedy v. Germany [GC], # 26083/94, punqti 54,

ECHR 1999-I). magram sasamarTlom unda daadginos, SesabamisobaSia

Tu ara mocemul saqmeSi Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi sasamarTloebis

gadawyvetilebebi ganmcxadeblis pasiuri xmis uflebasTan (ix.

mutatis mutandis, saqme Sovtransavto Holding v. Ukraine, # 48553/99, punqti

95, ECHR 2002-VII).

61.

Sesabamisi

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

kanonmdeblobis

da

praqtikis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom ukrainaSi

cxovrebis

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

moTxovna

ar

iyo

absoluturi

calkeuli

xasiaTis

da

organoebi,

kandidatis

registraciis moTxovnis dakmayofilebisas an masze uaris

Tqmisas, valdebulni iyvnen, gaeTvaliswinebinaT am kandidatis

konkretuli

mdgomareoba.

sasamarTlos

miaCnia,

rom

arc

Sesabamisi kanonmdebloba da arc praqtika ar iTxovda uSualod

`faqtobriv~ an `uwyvet~ cxovrebas ukrainis teritoriaze. kanoni

erTmaneTisagan arc `iuridiul~ da `faqtobriv~ sacxovrebels

ganasxvavebda.

aSkaraa,

rom

ganmcxadeblis

`faqtobrivi

sacxovrebeli adgili~ nawilobriv ukrainis teritoriis gareT

iyo garkveuli periodis ganmavlobaSi, radgan man qveyana datova

2000 wlis 26 noembers, sakuTari nebis sawinaaRmdegod, devnis

SiSis gamo da cxovreba daiwyo ltolvilis statusiT aSS-Si (ix.

zemoT, punqti 10). magram Cawera mis Sida pasportSi igive darCa.

62. sasamarTlo SeniSnavs, rom saqmisTvis mniSvnelovan dros

sacxovrebeli adgilis iuridiuli registraciis erTaderTi

damadasturebeli iyo moqalaqis Cveulebrivi Sida pasporti,

romelic

yovelTvis

ar

emTxveoda

adamianis

faqtobriv

sacxovrebel adgils (zemoT, punqtebi 56-58). sasamarTlo aseve

aRniSnavs, rom Cawera iyo ukrainis administraciuli sistemis

ganuyofeli da fundamenturi aspeqti da farTod gamoiyeneboda

sxvadasxva oficialuri miznebisTvis (moqalaqis mimdinare

sacxovrebeli

adgilis

registracia,

samxedro

samsaxurSi

gawveva, xmis micema, qonebrivi sakiTxebi da sxv.).

63. sasamarTlos gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovnad miaCnia, rom

parlamentis wevrobis kandidatebs unda warmoedginaT piradi

monacemebi qonebisa da Semosavlebis Sesaxeb, aseve maTi ojaxis

Sesaxeb. deklaraciis standartuli forma kandidatebisgan

moiTxovda,

(registraciis)

mieTiTebinaT

adgili,

`Caweris

romelic

an

droebiTi

Caweris

moqalaqis

miTiTebulia

Cveulebriv pasportSi~ (zemoT, punqti 40). amitom sasamarTlo

Tvlis, rom kandidatad registraciisTvis centralur saarCevno

komisiaSi warsadgen deklaraciaSi ganmcxadebels mxolod mis

CawerasTan dakavSirebuli informaciis miTiTeba evaleboda.

64. sasamarTlos azriT, ganmcxadeblis mier 1951 wlis Jenevis

konvenciaze miTiTeba, rogorc iuridiuli argumenti, arsebiT

gavlenas ar axdens saqmeze, radgan es konvencia Sesabamis dros

ZalaSi ar iyo ukrainisTvis. Tumca sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom

rogorc xelmomwer saxelmwifos, ukrainas, saxelSekrulebo

samarTlis Sesaxeb venis konvenciis me-18 muxlidan gamomdinare

valdebulebis ZaliT, Tavi unda Seekavebina qmedebebisgan,

romlebsac SeeZlo azri daekarga Jenevis konvenciis obieqtisa

da miznisTvis mis ZalaSi Sesvlamde.

65. rac ufro mniSvnelovania, sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom

ganmcxadebels SeuZlia miuTiTos devnis SiSze, rogorc

obieqtur, faqtobriv argumentze, misi samuSaos xasiaTis,

Jurnalist giorgi RonRaZis gauCinarebasTan da mkvlelobasTan

dakavSirebuli

saeWvo

movlenebis

da

mosalodnel

audioCanawerTan dakavSirebuli skandalis gaTvaliswinebiT.

agreTve, igi swrafad aRiares TavSesafris kanonier maZieblad

aSS-Si. amitom mis mier qveynis saswrafod datoveba gasagebi iyo,

xolo misi mudmivad datovebis ganzraxva – ganusazRvreli.

sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom ganmcxadebeli rTul viTarebaSi

aRmoCnda: Tu is ukrainaSi darCeboda, mis pirad usafrTxoebas da

fizikur xelSeuxeblobas safrTxe emuqreboda, ris gamoc igi

veRar SeZlebda raime politikuri uflebis ganxorcielebas,

Tumca aRniSnuli uflebebis ganxorcielebis SesaZlebloba mas

arc qveynis datovebis SemTxvevaSi eqneboda.

66.

aRniSnuli

garemoebebis

gaTvaliswinebiT

sasamarTlos

miaCnia, rom centraluri saarCevno komisiis gadawyvetileba,

romliTac ganmcxadebels uari eTqva verxovna radas wevrobis

kandidatad

registraciaze

mcdari

sacxovrebeli

adgilis

miTiTebis motiviT, Tumca misi registrirebuli iuridiuli

sacxovrebeli adgili jer kidev ukrainaSi iyo (rogorc

aRniSnuli iyo mis CaweraSi), ewinaaRmdegeboda konvenciis

pirveli oqmis me-3 muxls.

67. aqedan gamomdinare, darRveulia konvenciis pirveli oqmis me-3

muxli.

III. konvenciis me-14 muxlis savaraudo darRveva pirveli oqmis

me-3 muxlisgan gancalkevebiT an masTan erTobliobaSi

68. ganmcxadebeli aseve amtkicebs, rom saparlamento arCevnebSi

kandidatad registraciaze uaris Tqmam mxolod im mizeziT, rom

man TiTqos ar miawoda swori informacia bolo xuTi wlis

ganmavlobaSi sacxovrebeli adgilis Sesaxeb, gamoiwvia pirveli

oqmis me-3 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebis ganxorcielebaSi

mis mimarT diskriminacia, rac akrZalulia konvenciis me-14

muxliT. man Tavisi mdgomareoba Seadara sxva kandidatis

mdgomareobas, romelic uwyvetad xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi ar

cxovrobda

ukrainaSi,

magram

mainc

mieca

kandidatad

daregistrirebis SesaZlebloba. me-14 muxlis Tanaxmad:

`am

konvenciiT

gaTvaliswinebuli

uflebebiTa

da

TavisuflebebiT

sargebloba uzrunvelyofilia

yovelgvari

diskriminaciis gareSe sqesis, rasis, kanis feris, enis, religiis,

politikuri Tu sxva Sexedulebebis, erovnuli Tu socialuri

warmoSobis, erovnuli umciresobisadmi kuTvnilebis, qonebrivi

mdgomareobis, dabadebisa Tu sxva statusis ganurCevlad.~

69. mTavrobam ganacxada, rom ar aris darRveuli pirveli oqmis

me-3 muxli me-14 muxlTan erTobliobaSi, radgan ganmcxadeblis

mimarT diskriminacias adgili ar hqonia.

70. ganmcxadebeli ar eTanxmeba mTavrobis gancxadebas da, sxva

garemoebaTa Soris, miuTiTebs batoni i.m. zviahilskis konkretul

SemTxvevas, romelic arCeuli iqna verxovna radas wevrad

miuxedavad misi sazRvargareT cxovrebisa (zemoT, punqti 22).

71. sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom es saCivari arsebiTad igivea, rac

pirveli oqmis me-3 muxlTan dakavSirebuli saCivari. amitom,

sasamarTlos mier aRniSnul sakiTxze gakeTebul daskvnaze

miTiTebiT (ix. zemoT, punqtebi 60-67), sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom

saWiro ar aris saCivris ganxilva calke me-14 muxlTan

mimarTebaSi.

IV.konvenciis 41-e muxlis gamoyeneba

72. konvenciis 41-e muxlis Tanaxmad:

`Tu sasamarTlo daadgens, rom dairRva konvencia da misi oqmebi,

xolo

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

Sesabamisi

maRali

samarTali

xelSemkvreli

darRvevis

mxaris

mxolod

nawilobrivi gamosworebis SesaZleblobas iZleva, saWiroebis

SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTlo dazaralebul mxares samarTlian

dakmayofilebas miakuTvnebs.~

A. materialuri ziani

73. ganmcxadebelma materialuri zianis anazRaurebis saxiT

moiTxova verxovna radas wevris kuTvnili, dakarguli xelfasis

gadaxda. misi TqmiT, igi arCeuli iqneboda socialisturi

partiidan partiuli siiT, radgan partiam amisaTvis sakmarisi

xmebi moipova. man moiTxova 52 224,833 ukrainuli grivnis gadaxda.

es Tanxa gamoTvlili iyo parlamentis saxalxo warmomadgenlis

daaxloebiTi xelfasidan, romelsac is miiRebda misi arCevis

SemTxvevaSi.

74. mTavrobam aRniSna, rom ar arsebobda mizezobrivi kavSiri

ganmcxadeblis zianis anazRaurebis moTxovnasa da dadgenil

darRvevas

Soris.

mTavrobis

TqmiT,

mocemuli

viTareba

analogiuri iyo viTarebisa, romelsac adgili hqonda saqmeSi

Podkolzina v. Latvia (zemoxsenebuli saqme, punqti 48).

75. sasamarTlos, iseve, rogorc mTavrobas, miaCnia, rom ar

arsebobs mizezobrivi kavSiri moTxovnil materialur ziansa da

dadgenil darRvevas Soris (ix. saqme Van Geyseghem v. Belgium, [GC],

#. 26103/95, punqti 40, ECHR 1999-I, da saqme Nikolova v. Bulgaria [GC], #

31195/96, punqti 73, ECHR 1999-II). Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo uars

ambobs ganmcxadeblis aRniSnuli moTxovnis dakmayofilebaze.

B.aramaterialuri ziani

76. ganmcxadeblis TqmiT, arCevnebSi kandidatad registraciaze

misTvis uaris Tqmam igi aiZula, darCeniliyo politikur

ltolvilad aSS-Si. aseve, misi TqmiT, misi uflebebis darRvevam

masSi gamoiwvia seriozuli stresi da moraluri tanjva, Selaxa

misi reputacia, radgan xelisuflebis organoebi agrZeleben mis

diskreditacias masobrivi informaciis saSualebebiT ukrainaSi

da sazRvargareT. man kompensaciis saxiT moiTxova 100 000 evro.

77. mTavrobis azriT, ganmcxadeblis mier moTxovnili Tanxa

gadaWarbebulia ukrainaSi cxovrebis xarjebis da Semosavlis

odenobis

gaTvaliswinebiT.

mTavrobis

TqmiT,

aRniSnuli

moTxovna dausabuTebelia. mTavrobis azriT, darRvevis dadgena

TavisTavad sakmarisad samarTliani dakmayofileba iqneba mTeli

im aramaterialuri zianisTvis, romelic ganmcxadebels SesaZloa

miadga. mTavrobam aseve aRniSna, rom adamianis uflebaTa

evropul sasamarTloSi Setanili ganacxadebi ar SeiZleba

usafuZvlo gamdidrebis wyarod iqces.

78. sasamarTlo imeorebs, rom aramaterialuri ziani unda

Sefasdes

mis

mier

konvenciis

safuZvelze

dadgenili

avtonomiuri kriteriumebiT da ara mocemul saxelmwifoSi

kanoniT an praqtikiT dadgenili principebiT (ix. mutatis mutandis,

1980 wlis 6 noembris ganCineba saqmeze The Sunday Times v. the United

Kingdom (#1) (muxli 50), Series A, # 38, gv. 17, punqti 41, da 1997

wlis 1 ivlisis ganCineba saqmeze Probstmeier v. Germany, Reports 1997-

IV, gv. 1140, punqti 77). sasamarTlo adasturebs, rom mocemul

saqmeSi ganmcxadebelma ganicada aramaterialuri ziani imiT, rom

uari eTqva sayovelTao arCevnebSi kandidatad monawileobaze.

Sesabamisad, samarTlianobis safuZvelze da yvela garemoebis

gaTvaliswinebiT, igi ganmcxadebels akuTvnebs 5 000 evros.

C.xarjebi da danaxarjebi

79. ganmcxadebels ar mouTxovia xarjebis anazRaureba, radgan

advokatis

momsaxureba

mas

ufasod

gaewia.

Sesabamisad,

sasamarTlo amisaTvis ganmcxadebels arafers akuTvnebs.

D. procentis dakisreba gadaxdis valdebulebis gadacilebisTvis

80. sasamarTlos mizanSewonilad miaCnia, rom procenti gadaxdis

valdebulebis

gadacilebisTvis

efuZnebodes

evropis

centraluri bankis zRvrul sasesxo procents, romelsac unda

daematos sami procenti.

aRniSnulis safuZvelze sasamarTlo:

1. eqvsi xmiT erTis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom darRveulia pirveli

oqmis me-3 muxli;

2. erTsulovnad adgens, rom saWiro ar aris saCivris calke

ganxilva konvenciis me-14 muxlis safuZvelze;

3. eqvsi xmiT erTis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom

(a)

mopasuxe saxelmwifom, sami Tvis vadaSi konvenciis 44-e

muxlis me-2 punqtis Sesabamisad am ganCinebis ZalaSi Sesvlis

dRidan, aramaterialuri zianis saxiT unda gadaixados 5 000

evro, romlis konvertaciac unda moxdes aSS dolarebSi am

ganCinebis

gamotanis

dRisTvis

arsebuli

kursiT,

plius

damatebiTi Rirebulebis gadasaxadi, romelic am Tanxas SeiZleba

daekisros;

(b) zemoaRniSnuli sami Tvis gasvlis Semdeg angariSsworebis

TariRamde gadasaxdel Tanxas daericxos martivi procenti,

romelic udris evropis centraluri bankis zRvrul sasesxo

procents

gadaxdis

valdebulebis

gadacilebis

periodSi

damatebuli sami procenti;

4. erTsulovnad uars ambobs samarTlian dakmayofilebasTan

dakavSirebiT ganmcxadeblis sxva moTxovnebis dakmayofilebaze.

Sesrulebulia inglisur enaze, Setyobinebulia werilobiT 2004

wlis 19 oqtombers, sasamarTlos reglamentis 77-e muxlis me-2

da me-3 punqtebis Sesabamisad.

t.l. erli

mdivnis moadgile

j.-p. kosta

Tavmjdomare

konvenciis

45-e

muxlis

me-2

punqtisa

da

sasamarTlos

reglamentis 74-e muxlis me-2 punqtis Sesabamisad, ganCinebas Tan

erTvis batoni lukaidesis gansxvavebuli mosazreba.

mosamarTle lukaidesis gansxvavebuli mosazreba

ganmcxadeblis saCivari mdgomareobs imaSi, rom mas TviTneburad

uTxres uari ukrainis socialisturi partiis siidan parlamentis

(verxovna radas) wevrobis kandidatad registraciaze. ukrainis

xelisuflebam

uari

uTxra

mas

arCevnebSi

kandidatad

registraciaze im safuZvliT, rom ganmcxadebelma mcdari

informacia waradgina misi Cveulebrivi sacxovrebeli adgilis

anu adgilsamyofelis Sesaxeb bolo

5

wlis ganmavlobaSi.

ganmcxadebeli amtkicebs, rom man xelisuflebas miawoda

informacia ukrainaSi misi oficialuri registraciis adgilis

Sesaxeb (`Caweris~ Sesaxeb, rogorc im dros ewodeboda). Cawera

ukrainis

administraciuli

sistemis

ganuyofeli

da

fundamenturi aspeqti iyo da farTod gamoiyeneboda sxvadasxva

oficialuri miznebisTvis. ganmcxadeblis TqmiT, radgan Caweris

mixedviT misi registrirebuli sacxovrebeli adgili bolo 5

wlis

ganmavlobaSi

kandidatad

registraciis

gancxadebis

Setanamde (2002 wlis 12 ianvari) iyo ukrainaSi, ar unda

CaTvliliyo, rom man mcdari informacia warmoadgina. Sedegad,

misTvis uari ar unda eTqvaT kandidatad registraciaze im

safuZvliT, rom igi ar akmayofilebda moTxovnas sacxovrebeli

adgilis Sesaxeb, Tumca sadavo ar iyo is faqti, rom is

Sesabamisi droisTvis ar cxovrobda ukrainaSi.

ukrainis konstituciis 76-e muxlis Tanaxmad:

`... ukrainis moqalaqes, romelmac miaRwia 21 wlis asaks

arCevnebis TariRisTvis, aqvs ufleba, airCios da, Tu igi bolo

xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi cxovrobda ukrainis teritoriaze,

arCeuli iqnes verxovna radaSi ...~ (xazgasma Cvenia)

aseve, arCevnebis Sesaxeb kanonis me-8 muxlis Tanaxmad:

35.

arCevnebis

Sesaxeb

kanonis

Sesabamis

amonaridebSi

vkiTxulobT:

`1. ukrainis moqalaqes, romelmac miaRwia 21 wlis asaks

arCevnebis dRisTvis, aqvs arCevnebSi xmis micemis ufleba da [Tu

igi] cxovrobda ukrainis teritoriaze bolo xuTi wlis

ganmavlobaSi, aqvs ufleba, arCeuli iqnes parlamentis wevrad.~

(xazgasma Cvenia)

yvelasaTvis cnobili iyo, rom ganmcxadebelma ukraina datova

2000 wlis 26 noembers da cxovreba daiwyo ltolvilad

SeerTebul StatebSi, aSS-s xelisuflebis organos 2001 wlis 27

aprilis

gadawyvetilebis

safuZvelze.

igi

ukrainaSi

ar

dabrunebula. amitom faqtobrivad igi Sesabamis dros ar iyo

ukrainaSi mcxovrebi piri `bolo xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi~

registraciis gancxadebis Setanis TariRamde. rogorc ukve

aRiniSna, ganmcxadebeli sadavod xdis da amtkicebs, rom radgan

misi

Caweris

mixedviT

misi

registrirebuli

iuridiuli

sacxovrebeli misamarTi iyo ukraina, amitom igi akmayofilebda

sacxovrebeli adgilis aRniSnul moTxovnas.

ukrainis administraciul sistemaSi Cawera niSnavda piris

sacxovrebeli adgilis formalur aRniSvnas da gamoiyeneboda,

aSkarad praqtikuli miznebisTvis, oficialur sacxovrebel

misamarTad. aseTi misamarTi dadasturebulad da sabolood ver

gamodgeba piris ukrainaSi cxovrebis dasadgenad, rodesac am

piris realur sacxovrebel adgilad aRiarebuli iyo adgili

ukrainis gareT. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, Cemi azriT, am

SemTxvevaSi ukrainis xelisuflebam sworad daafuZna misi

gadawyvetileba ganmcxadeblis realur sacxovrebel adgilze da

ar daxuWa Tvali Caweris gamo.

amitom me vTvli, rom ganmcxadeblis mier saparlamento

arCevnebSi Sesabamisi moTxovnebis dakmayofilebis sakiTxis

gadawyvetisas

gadawyvetilebis

erovnulma

miReba realuri

xelisuflebam

arasadavo

amjobina

sacxovrebeli

adgilis da ara formaluri registraciis adgilis safuZvelze

da daaskvna, rom ganmcxadeblis mier formaluri da ara

faqtobrivi

sacxovrebeli

adgilis

miTiTeba

iyo

mcdari

informacia, rac iwvevda ganmcxadeblis diskvalifikacias. amitom

xelisuflebis es gadawyvetileba ver CaiTvleba TviTneburad da

verc arasworad.

swored es sakiTxi iyo ganmcxadeblis saCivris arsi da igi unda

Segvefasebina konvenciis pirveli oqmis me-3 muxlis fonze.

politikuri garemo an politikuri niSnebi ar iyo Cveni

gansaxilveli sakiTxi, ramdenadac es garemoebebi ar iqna

srulad moyvanili da dadasturebuli ganmcxadeblis mier

konvenciis pirveli oqmis me-3 muxlis darRvevis dasasabuTeblad.

am garemoebebSi me vfiqrob, rom mocemul saqmeSi ar aris

darRveuli konvenciis pirveli oqmis me-3 muxli.