ilaSku da sxvebi moldovisa da ruseTis winaaRmdeg

CASE OF ILAŞCU AND OTHERS v. MOLDOVA AND RUSSIA

(ganacxadi 48787/99)

ganaCeni

strasburgi

2004 wlis 8 ivlisi

sarCevi

procedura

1. arsebiT ganxilvaze dasaSvebobasTan dakavSirebuli

samarTalwarmoeba

2. arsebiT ganxilvasTan dakavSirebuli samarTalwarmoeba

(a)

(b)

(g)

mxareTa werilobiTi komentarebi

mowmeTa mosmena

dokumenturi mtkicebulebebi

faqtebi

I.

ganmcxadeblebi

II.

III.

faqtebis dadgena

saqmis winmswrebi movlenebi

a.

b.

ssrk-s daSla da moldova-dnestrispireTs Soris warmoSobili

konfliqti dnestrispireTis gamoyofasTan dakavSirebiT

1.

ssrk-s daSla, dnestrispireTis gamoyofa da moldaveTis

damoukidebloba

2.

3.

SeiaraRebuli konfliqti (1991-92)

SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis Semdeg ganviTarebuli movlenebi

1992 wlis 21 ivlisis SeTanxmebis Semdgom dnestrispireTSi ruseTis

federaciis armiisa da samxedro personalis yofna

1.

rod’-is jarebi da aRWurviloba dnestrispireTSi

(a) ruseTis federaciis mier konvenciis ratificirebamde

(b) ruseTis federaciis mier konvenciis ratificirebis Semdeg

2. urTierToba rod-sa da `mdr~-s Soris

g.

dnestrispireTsa

da

ruseTis

federacias

Soris

arsebuli

ekonomikuri, politikuri da sxva saxis urTierTobebi

1. ruseTis federaciis mier konvenciis ratificirebamde 1998 wlis

5 maiss

2. ruseTis federaciis mier konvenciis ratificirebis Semdeg

d. moldova-dnestrispireTs Soris arsebuli urTierTobebi

1. moldovis mier konvenciis ratificirebamde 1997 wlis 12

seqtembers

2. moldovis mier konvenciis ratificirebis Semdeg

IV. saqmis calkeuli garemoebebi

a. ganmcxadebelTa dakaveba, winaswari patimroba da msjavrdeba

1. ganmcxadebelTa dakaveba

2. pirveli sami ganmcxadeblis patimroba me-14 armiis bazaze

3. patimroba tiraspolis policiis mTavari sammarTvelos winaswari

gamoZiebis

samarTalwarmoebis mimdinareobis periodSi

4. ganmcxadebelTa sasamarTlo procesi da msjavrdeba

izolatorSi

da

cixeSi

gadayvana

sasamarTlo

b. ganmcxadebelTa msjavrdebis Semdgom ganviTarebuli movlenebi, b-ni

ilaSkus gaTavisufleba

g. ganmcxadebelTa patimroba msjavrdebis Semdeg

1. patimrobis pirobebi

2. arasaTanado mopyroba

d. 2001 wlis maisamde ganmcxadebelTa gaTavisuflebasTan dakavSirebiT

gadadgmuli nabijebi

e. 2001 wlis 5 maiss b-ni ilaSkus gaTavisufleba

v.

2001

wlis

maisis

Semdeg

ganmcxadebelTa

gaTavisuflebasTan

dakavSirebiT gadadgmuli nabijebi

z. saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobis reaqcia ganmcxadebelTa msjavrdebasa da

patimrobasTan dakavSirebiT

V. saerTaSoriso samarTali, erovnuli kanonmdebloba da Sesabamisi

SeTanxmebebi

samarTali

I. xvdebian Tu ara ganmcxadeblebi moldovis respublikis iurisdiqciaSi?

a. sasamarTlos winaSe warmodgenili argumentebi

1. moldovis mTavroba

2. ruseTis federaciis mTavroba

3. ganmcxadeblebi

4. rumineTis mTavroba, procesSi CarTuli mesame mxare

b. sasamarTlos Sefaseba

1. zogadi principebi

(a)

(b)

`iurisdiqciis~ cneba

saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba araswor qmedebasTan mimarTebaSi

2. zemoxsenebuli principebis gamoyeneba

3. pozitiur valdebulebaTa cneba

4. ganaxorciela Tu ara moldovam pozitiuri valdebulebebi?

II. xvdebian Tu ara ganmcxadeblebi ruseTis federaciis iurisdiqciaSi?

a. sasamarTlos winaSe warmodgenili argumentebi

1. ruseTis federaciis mTavroba

2. moldovis mTavroba

3. ganmcxadeblebi

4. procesSi mesame mxared CarTuli rumineTis mTavroba

b. sasamarTlos Sefaseba

1. zogadi principebi

2. zemoxsenebuli principebis gamoyeneba

(a) ruseTis federaciis mier konvenciis ratificirebamde

(b) ruseTis federaciis mier konvenciis ratificirebis Semdeg

III. iurisdiqcia ratione temporis

a. konvenciis me-6 muxlTan dakavSirebuli saCivari

b. konvenciis me-3, me-5 da me-8 muxlebTan dakavSirebuli saCivrebi

g. konvenciis 1-li damatebiTi oqmis 1-l muxlTan dakavSirebuli saCivari

d. b-ni ilaSkus saCivari konvenciis me-2 muxlTan dakavSirebiT

IV. konvenciis me-2 muxlis savaraudo darRveva

a. sasamarTlos winaSe warmodgenili argumentebi

b. sasamarTlos Sefaseba

V. konvenciis me-3 muxlis savaraudo darRveva

a. sasamarTlos winaSe warmodgenili argumentebi

b. sasamarTlos Sefaseba

1. zogadi principebi

2. zemoxsenebuli principebis gamoyeneba winamdebare saqmeSi

(a) b-ni ilaSku

(b) sxva sami ganmcxadebeli: patimrobis pirobebi da mopyroba patimrobis

periodSi

(i) b-ni ivantoSi

(ii) b-no leSko da b-ni petrov-popa

VI. konvenciis me-5 muxlis savaraudo darRveva

VII. konvenciis me-8 muxlis savaraudo darRveva

VIII. konvenciis 1-li damatebiTi oqmis 1-li muxlis savaraudo darRveva

IX. konvenciis 34-e muxlis savaraudo darRveva

X. konvenciis 41-e muxlis gamoyeneba

a. zarali

b. Rirebuleba da gadaxdili Tanxebi

g) sauravi

moqmedi debulebebi

mosamarTle kasadevalis nawilobriv gansxvavebuli azri, romelsac

SeuerTdnen mosamarTleebi resi, birsani da fura-sandstromi

mosamarTle resis nawilobriv gansxvavebuli azri

mosamarTle ser nikolas bratcas gansxvavebuli azri, romelsac

SeuerTdnen mosamarTleebi rozakisi, hedigani, tomasseni da pantiru

mosamarTle lukaidesis nawilobriv gansxvavebuli azri

mosamarTle kovleris gansxvavebuli azri

danarTi

adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlo Seikriba didi palatis saxiT

Semdeg mosamarTleTa SemadgenlobiT:

b-ni l. vildhaberi, Tavmjdomare,

b-ni c. l. rozakisi,

b-ni J.-p. kosta

b-ni g. resi,

ser nikolas bratca

b-ni l. lukaidesi

b-ni i. kabral bareto

q-ni f. tulkensi

b-ni k. birsani

b-ni j. kasadevali

b-ni b. zupanCiCi

b-ni j. hedigani

q-ni v. tomasseni

b-ni t. pantiru

b-ni e. levitsi

b-ni a. kovleri

q-ni e. fura-sandstromi, mosamarTleebi

da b-ni p. j. mahoni, registratori.

imsjela ra ganmartoebiT 2002 wlis 23 ianvars, 26 Tebervals da 11

seqtembers, 2003 wlis 8 oqtombersa da 2004 wlis 7 maiss,

sasamarTlos gamoaqvs winamdebare ganaCeni, romelic miRebuli iqna 2004

wlis 7 maiss.

Sesavali

1. saqme momdinareobs ganacxadidan (#48787/99), romelic warmodgenili iqna

moldovis respublikisa da ruseTis federaciis winaaRmdeg adamianis

uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa dacvis konvenciis (`konvencia~) 34-e

muxlis Sesabamisad moldovis oTxi moqalaqis: b-ni ilie ilaSkus, b-ni

aleqsandre leSkos, b-ni andrei ivantoSisa da b-ni tudor petrov-popas

(`ganmcxadeblebi~) mier 1999 wlis 5 aprils.

2. ganacxadi ZiriTadad exeba `moldovis dnestrispireTis respublikis~

(`mdr~) xelisuflebis organoebis mier ganxorcielebul qmedebebs. `mdr~

aris moldovis regioni, romelmac gamoacxada damoukidebloba 1991 wels,

magram ar aris aRiarebuli saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobis mier.

3. ganmcxadeblebis mtkicebiT, isini msjavrdebulni iqnen dnestrispireTis

sasamarTlos mier, romelic ar SeiZleba CaiTvalos kompetenturad me-6

muxlis

miznebisaTvis.

ganmcxadeblebis

mtkicebiT,

maT

xeli

ar

miuwvdebodaT samarTlian sasamarTlo ganxilvaze, rac ewinaaRmdegeba

konvenciis me-6 muxls, xolo maTi msjavrdebis Semdeg maT CamoarTves

kuTvnili nivTebi pirveli damatebiTi oqmis pirveli muxlis moTxovnaTa

darRveviT. ganmcxadeblebi aseve amtkicebdnen, rom dnestrispireTSi maTi

patimroba ar iyo kanonieri, arRvevda me-5 muxlis moTxovnebs, xolo maTi

patimrobis pirobebi ewinaaRmdegeboda konvenciis me-3 da me-8 muxlebs.

damatebiT b-ni ilaSku amtkicebda konvenciis me-2 muxlis darRvevas im

faqtis safuZvelze, rom mas sikvdiliT dasja hqonda Sefardebuli.

ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi

konvenciis Tanaxmad pasuxismgebelni iyvnen im uflebebis darRvevisaTvis,

romlebic

gaTvaliswinebulia

amave

konvenciaSi,

radgan

maT

ar

ganaxorcieles Sesabamisi RonisZiebebi darRvevaTa aRmofxvris mizniT.

isini aseve amtkicebdnen, rom pasuxismgebloba unda dakisreboda ruseTis

federaciasac, im mizezis gamo, rom dnestrispireTis teritoria iyo da

rCeba ruseTis de facto kontrolis qveS, radgan ruseTis jarebi da samxedro

aRWurviloba ganTavsebulia am teritoriaze da ruseTis federacia

axorcielebs separatistuli reJimis savaraudo mxardaWeras.

bolos ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom moldovam da ruseTis federaciam

xeli SeuSales maT evropuli sasamarTlos winaSe individualuri

ganacxadis wardgenaSi da, aqedan gamomdinare, daarRvies konvenciis 34-e

muxli.

procedura

1. arsebiT ganxilvaze dasaSvebobasTan dakavSirebuli samarTalwarmoeba

4. ganacxadi gadaeca sasamarTlos yofil 1-l seqcias (sasamarTlos

reglamentis 52-e muxlis 1-li punqti). pirvelma seqciam mopasuxe

saxelmwifoebs ganacxadis Sesaxeb acnoba 2000 wlis 4 ivliss. werilobiTi

komentarebi arsebiT ganxilvaze daSvebasTan dakavSirebiT warmodgenili

iqna 2000 wlis 24 oqtombers moldovis mTavrobis mier, 2000 wlis 14

noembers

ruseTis

mTavrobis

mier,

xolo

2001

wlis

2

ianvars

ganmcxadeblebis mier.

5. 2001 wlis 20 marts pirveli seqciis palatam iurisdiqcia gadasca did

palatas, amasTanave, arc erT mxares ar ganucxadebia pretenzia

iurisdiqciis gadacemasTan dakavSirebiT (konvenciis 30-e da sasamarTlos

reglamentis 72-e muxlebi).

6. didi palatis Semadgenloba ganisazRvra konvenciis 27-e muxlis me-2 da

me-3 punqtebisa da reglamentis 24-e muxlis Sesabamisad. saboloo

msjelobis Sedegad b-nma i. kabral baretom da b-nma b. zubanCiCma,

saTadarigo mosamarTleebma, Secvales b-ni l. ferari bravo da b-ni. j.

makarCuki, romlebsac ar SeeZloT monawileoba mieRoT saqmis Semdgom

ganxilvaSi (reglamentis 24-e muxlis me-3 punqti).

7. 2001 wlis 4 ivlisis gadawyvetilebiT didma palatam 2001 wlis 6 ivniss

dasaSvebobasTan dakavSirebiT gamarTuli mosmenis Semdgom (reglamentis

54-e muxlis me-4 punqti) ganacxadi arsebiT ganxilvaze daSvebulad

gamoacxada. mosmenaze moldovis mTavrobam ganacxada, rom mas surda ukan

gaetana 2000 wlis 24 oqtombers wardgenili werilobiTi komentarebi, im

nawilSi mainc, romelic exeboda ruseTis federaciis pasuxismgeblobas.

dasaSvebobasTan dakavSirebul gadawyvetilebaSi sasamarTlom daadgina,

rom sakiTxi imis Taobaze, SesaZlebeli iyo Tu ara moldovisa da ruseTis

federaciis pasuxismgeblobisa da iurisdiqciis sakiTxebis arseboba

konvenciis Tanaxmad da gaaCnda Tu ara sasamarTlos iurisdiqcia ratione

temporis, raTa ganexila saCivrebi, mWidrod iyo dakavSirebuli saqmis

arsebiT mxaresTan, da amitom aRniSnuli sakiTxebisa da arsebiTi mxaris

ganxilva gaerTianebuli iqna.

2. arsebiT ganxilvasTan dakavSirebuli samarTalwarmoeba

(a) mxareTa werilobiTi komentarebi

8. mas Semdeg, rac ganacxadi arsebiT ganxilvaze iqna daSvebuli, orive

mxarem _ ganmcxadeblebma da moldovisa da ruseTis mTavrobebma _

warmoadgines

komentarebi

saqmis

arsebiT

mxaresTan

dakavSirebiT:

moldovis mTavrobam 2001 wlis 12 noembersa da 2002 wlis 28 ianvars,

ruseTis mTavrobam 2001 wlis 8 dekembers, xolo ganmcxadeblebma 2001 wlis

27 seqtembers, 2, 4, 12 da 16 noembers.

komentarebi aseve warmoadgina rumineTis mTavrobam, romelic sasamarTlos

Tavmjdomarem moiwvia samarTalwarmoebaSi mesame mxared CasarTavad

marTlmsajulebis jerovnad ganxorcielebis interesebidan gamomdinare

(konvenciis 36-e muxli da sasarTlos reglamentis 61 muxlis me-2 da me-3

punqtebi). mxareebma warmoadgines pasuxebi (reglamentis 61-e muxlis me-5

punqti). mxared CarTvis moTxovna iqna warmodgenili aseve q-ni liudmila

gusaris mier, romelic iyo samoqalaqo mxare im samarTalwarmoebis dros,

romlis Sedegadac ganmcxadeblebs msjavri daedoT `mdr-s uzenaesi

sasamarTlos~ mier. didi palatis Tavmjdomarem uari ganacxada xsenebuli

qalbatonis mxared CarTvaze.

9. mowmeTa Cvenebebis Semdgom (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis me-12 - me-15 punqtebi)

Tavmjdomarem mxareebs SesTavaza, waredginaT saboloo komentarebi

yvelaze gvian 2003 wlis 1 seqtembrisaTvis. mas Semdeg, rac Tavmjdomarem

uaryo

ruseTis

mTavrobis

Txovna

gadavadebasTan

dakavSirebiT,

sasamarTlom miiRo mxareTa komentarebi zemoxsenebul dRes.

10. 2004 wlis 12 ianvars didi palatis Tavmjdomarem gadawyvita, moewvia

mxareebi reglamentis 39-e muxlis Tanaxmad, raTa maT gadaedgaT nabijebi

da uzrunveleyoT, rom b-ni ivantoSi, romelic SimSilobda 2003 wlis 28

dekembris Semdeg, patimrobaSi yofiliyo iseT pirobebSi, romlebic

Sesabamisi iqneboda konvenciiT garantirebul mis uflebebTan. mxareebi

moiwvies reglamentis 24-e muxlis me-2a puqntis Sesabamisad, raTa

waredginaT

informacia

droebiTi

RonisZiebis

ganxorcielebasTan

dakavSirebiT. b-ni ivantoSis warmomadgenelma, b-nma v. gribinceam, da

moldovis mTavrobam warudgines sasamarTlos informacia 2004 wlis 24 da

26 ianvriT daTariRebuli werilebiT.

11. 2004 wlis 15 ianvars sasamarTlos Tavmjdomarem gadawyvita, 39-e muxlis

Sesabamisad daevaldebulebina b-ni ivantoSi, Seewyvita SimSiloba. 2004

wlis 24 ianvars b-ni ivantoSis warmomadgenelma acnoba sasamarTlos, rom

misma klientma 2004 wlis 15 ianvars Sewyvita SimSiloba.

(b) mowmeTa mosmena

12. imisaTvis, rom naTeli mohfenoda calkeul sadavo sakiTxebs, kerZod,

iyvnen Tu ara moldova da/an ruseTi pasuxismgebelni savaraudo

darRvevebisaTvis, sasamarTlom adgilze miavlina sagamoZiebo misia

konvenciis 38-e muxlis 1-li (a) punqtisa da reglamentis 42-e muxlis me-2

punqtis (maSindeli versiiT) Sesabamisad. sasamarTlos gamoZieba mimarTuli

iyo faqtebisaTvis naTelis mofenisaken, raTa SesaZlebeli gamxdariyo imis

gansazRvra, gaaCndaT Tu ara moldovas an ruseTis federacias iurisdiqcia

dnestrispireTSi arsebul situaciaze, urTierTobebze dnestrispireTsa da

moldovasa da ruseTis federacias Soris da aseve ganmcxadebelTa

patimrobis pirobebze.

sasamarTlom daniSna 4 delegati, b-ni g. resi, ser nikolas bratca, b-ni j.

kasadevali da b-ni e. levitsi, romlebmac moismines mowmeTa Cvenebebi

kiSiniovsa da tiraspolSi 2003 wlis 10-dan 15 martamde. kiSiniovSi mowmeTa

Cvenebebis mosmena ganxorcielda moldovaSi euTo-s StabbinaSi, romelmac

didi daxmareba aRmouCina sasamarTlos Cvenebebis mosmenis organizebaSi.

tiraspolSi

sasamarTlos

delegatebma

Cvenebebi

moismines

ganmcxadeblebisagan da dnestrispireTSi tiraspolis me-3 sapyrobilis

sxva patimrebisagan, aseve mowmeebisagan, romlebic miekuTvnebodnen ruseTis

federaciis SeiaraRebul Zalebs moldovis dnestrispireTis regionSi

ruseTis operatiuli danayofis (`rod~) StabbinaSi.

13. saerTo jamSi, delegatebma moismines Cveneba 43 mowmisagan, romlebic

gamoZaxebulni iyvnen mxareebisa da sasamarTlos mier. delegaciis

xelmZRvanelma gasca nebarTva imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom sami mowmis

vinaoba anonimuri yofiliyo da, Sesabamisad, maTi vinaoba aRiniSna X-iT, Y-

iTdaZ-iT.

14. Svidi sxva mowme, romlebic gamoZaxebulni iyvnen delegatebis winaSe

Cvenebebis misacemad, ar gamocxaddnen. mosmenebis damTavrebis Semdeg,

delegatebis moTxovniT, mxareebma warmoadgines werilobiTi ganmartebebi

xsenebuli mowmeebis gamoucxadeblobasTan mimarTebaSi da im nabijebis

Sesaxeb, romlebic ukavSirdeboda am mowmeebisaTvis uwyebis gadacemas.

ar gamocxaddnen Semdegi mowmeebi: olga Capatina, romelic mosmenis win

saavadmyofoSi iqna moTavsebuli mas Semdeg, rac Tavs daesxnen, vladimir

gorbovi da mixail bergmani, romlebsac mopasuxe mTavroba ver

daukavSirda, petru godiaCi, romlis gamoucxadeblobac aranairad ar iqna

axsnili, valeri pasati, romelic ar imyofeboda moldovis teritoriaze,

da valeriu muravsCi da petru tabuika, romlebmac ar axsnes

gamoucxadeblobis mizezebi.

sasamarTlom wuxili gamoTqva im faqtTan dakavSirebiT, rom Cvenebis

misacemad ar gamocxadda meTauri bergmani da, misi maRali Tanamdebobidan

gamomdinare, Znelad dasajereblad miiCnia, rom SeuZlebeli iyo masTan

dakavSireba delegatebisaTvis Cvenebis misacemad gamoZaxebis mizniT.

sasamarTlo itovebs uflebas, gamoitanos Sesabamisi daskvnebi am mowmis

Cvenebis ararsebobis safuZvelze.

15. delegatebis winaSe gamocxadebul mowmeTa siisa da maTi Cvenebebis

reziumes

moZieba

SesaZlebelia

winamdebare

ganaCenis

danarTSi.

delegatebisaTvis micemuli mowmeTa Cvenebebis xmovani Canawerebi aseve

warmodgenili iqna sasamarTlo registraturis mier da Setanilia saqmis

masalebSi.

(g) dokumenturi mtkicebulebebi

16. mxareTa komentarebsa da mowmeTa gancxadebebTan erTad sasamarTlom

mxedvelobaSi miiRo samarTalwarmoebis mimdinareobis periodSi mxareTa

da dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebis mier warmodgenili mravali

dokumenti: werili b-ni ilaSkusagan; b-ni ivantoSis gancxadebebi da

werilebi; moldovis xelisuflebis organoebis mier warmodgenili

dokumentebi,

romlebic

exeboda

ganmcxadebelTa

dakavebasa

da

patimrobasTan dakavSirebul gamoZiebas; mowmeTa, maT Soris, olga

Capatinasa da petru godiaCis werilobiTi Cvenebebi; dokumentebi, romlebic

exeboda ganmcxadebelTa sasamarTlo samarTalwarmoebas `mdr-s uzenaes

sasamarTloSi~

dakavSirebuli

da

b-ni

ilaSkus

`Sewyaleba~;

da

dnestrispireTTan

federaciis

dokumentebi

moldovisa

ruseTis

administraciuli organoebisagan; sagazeTo amonaridebi politikosebis

gancxadebebTan da ruseTis federaciis sxvadasxva oficialuri pirebis

mier gakeTebul gancxadebebTan dakavSirebiT; oficialuri dokumentebi,

romlebic exeboda ruseTis federaciis samxedro Zalebis ganTavsebas

dnestrispireTSi da dnestrispireTis konfliqtis mogvarebas, maT Soris,

xelSekrulebebi da SeTanxmebebi moldovasa da dnestrispireTsa da

ruseTis federaciasa da dnestrispireTs Soris da videokasetebi

dnestrispireTSi mimdinare brZolebisa da arsebuli situaciis Sesaxeb.

17. sasamarTlom aseve gaiTvaliswina kiSiniovSi euTo-s misiis saSualebiT

`mdr-is iusticiis saministros~ mier warmodgenili garkveuli dokumentebi,

kerZod, ganmcxadebelTa samedicino istoria da monacemebi, romlebic

asaxavdnen vizitebsa da patimrebis mier sapyrobileSi amanaTebis miRebas.

mopasuxe mTavrobebma aseve warmoadgines dokumentebi im komisiidan,

romelic

pasuxismgebeli

iyo

1992

wlis

21

ivlisis

SeTanxmebis

zedamxedvelobaze (`Sereuli sakontrolo komisia~).

18. da bolos, iseTi saerTaSoriso organizaciebidan, rogoric aris euTo,

wamebis sawinaaRmdego komiteti (CPT), evropis sabWos saparlamento

asamblea,

evropis

sabWos

adamianis

uflebaTa

komisari

da

parlamentTaSorisi gaerTianebis mmarTveli sabWo, sasamarTlom moipova

dokumentebi,

romlebic

exeboda

dnestrispireTsa

da

iq

myof

ganmcxadeblebs.

faqtebi

I. ganmcxadeblebi

19. ganmcxadeblebi, moldovis moqalaqeni im droisaTvis, rodesac

ganacxadi warmoadgines, dabadebulni iyvnen 1952, 1955, 1961 da 1963 wlebSi

Sesabamisad. im droisaTvis, rodesac maT ganacxadi warmoadgines, isini

imyofebodnen patimrobaSi moldovis dnestrispireTis nawilSi.

20. miuxedavad imisa, rom patimrobaSi imyofeboda, b-ni ilaSku 1994 wlidan

2000 wlamde orjer iqna arCeuli moldovis parlamentSi. rogorc

parlamentis wevri, igi daniSnuli iqna evropis sabWos saparlamento

asambleaSi moldovis delegaciis wevrad. 2000 wlis 4 oqtombers b-nma

ilaSkum miiRo rumineTis moqalaqeoba. 2000 wlis dekemberSi igi arCeuli

iqna rumineTis parlamentis senatSi da rogorc rumineTis parlamentis

wevri daniSnuli iqna evropis sabWos saparlamento asambleaSi.

21. b-ni leSko da b-ni ivantoSi rumineTis moqlaqeebi 2001 wels gaxdnen.

22. b-ni ilaSku gaTavisuflebuli iqna 2001 wlis 5 maiss; amis Semdeg igi

cxovrobs buqarestSi. meore da mesame ganmcxadeblebis sacxovrebeli

mdebareobs kiSiniovSi (moldova), meoTxe ganmcxadebeli ki cxovrobs

tiraspolSi

(dnestrispireTi,

moldova).

amJamad

samive

imyofeba

patimrobaSi tiraspolSi.

23. im faqtis gaTvaliswinebiT, rogorc amas ganmcxadeblebi amtkiceben,

rom maTTvis SeuZlebeli iyo, pirdapir miemarTaT sasamarTlosaTvis,

ganacxadi warmodgenili iqna maTi meuRleebis _ q-ni nina ilaSkus, q-ni

tatiana

leSkosa

d

q-ni

evdokia

ivantoSis

mier,

aseve

meoTxe

ganmcxadeblis dis, q-ni raisa petrov-popas mier.

24. meore ganmcxadebeli sasamarTlos winaSe b-ni a. tanases, kiSiniovis

advokatTa kolegiis wevris, mier iyo warmodgenili. danarCeni

ganmcxadeblebi warmodgenilni iyvnen b-ni c. dinus, buqarestis advokatTa

kolegiis wevris, mier mis sikvdilamde 2002 wlis dekemberSi. 2003 wlis

ianvris Semdeg maT warmoadgenda b-ni v. gribincea, kiSiniovis advokatTa

kolegiis wevri.

II. faqtebis dadgena

25. imisaTvis, rom daedgina faqtebi, sasamarTlo daeyrdno dokumentur

mtkicebulebebs, mxareTa komentarebs da mowmeTa Cvenebebs, romlebic

micemuli iqna adgilze, kiSiniovsa da tiraspolSi.

26. faqtebis dadgenis mizniT mtkicebulebaTa Sefasebisas sasamarTlo

Tvlis, rom mniSvnelovania Semdegi komponentebi:

(i) werilobiTi da zepiri mtkicebulebebis Sefasebisas sasamarTlo

zogadad iyenebda princips `gonivrul eWvs miRma~ rogorc mtkicebis

moTxovnil

standarts.

aseTi

mtkiceba

SesaZloa

gamomdinareobdes

sakmarisad dasabuTebuli, aSkara da Tanmxvedri daskvnebis Tanaarsebobidan

an faqtis erTmniSvnelovani prezumfciidan, amasTanave, mxareTa moqmedeba

sasamarTlos mier mtkicebulebebis mopovebis mcdelobasTan mimarTebaSi,

SesaZloa, warmoadgendes komponents, romelic mxedvelobaSi miiReba (ix.

mutatis mutandis saqmeze Ireland v. the United Kingdom, 1978 wlis 18 ianvars

gamotanili ganaCeni, seria A #25, gv. 64-65, punqti 161, da Salman v. Turkey [GC],

#. 21986/93, punqti 100, ECHR 2000-VII).

(ii) rac Seexeba delegatebis mier mopovebul Cvenebebs, sasamarTlom icis im

siZneleebis Sesaxeb, romlebic SesaZloa warmoiSvas aseTi Cvenebebis

Sefasebisas, radgan isini mopovebulia Tarjimnis meSveobiT: amitomac

sasamarTlom gansakuTrebuli yuradReba dauTmo delegatebisaTvis mowmeTa

mier micemuli Cvenebebis mniSvnelobas. sasamarTlom aseve icis, rom Zalian

bevri Sesabamisi faqti exeba im movlenebs, romlebsac adgili hqonda

daaxloebiT 10 wlis win bundovan da Zalin rTul viTarebaSi, rac

burusiT

moculs

xdis

warmodgenas

zusti

TariRebisa

Tu

sxva

mniSvnelovani detalebis Sesaxeb. sasamarTlos ar miaCnia, rom TviT es

faqti wamoWris mowmeTa Cvenebebis WeSmaritebaSi eWvis Setanis safuZvels.

(iii) im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac saxezea faqtebis urTierTsawinaaRmdego

aRwera, sasamarTlo awydeba iseTive siZneles, rogorc pirveli instanciis

sasamarTlo faqtebis dadgenisas, da yuradReba maxvidleba, magaliTad, im

faqtze, rom mas ar gaaCnia pirdapiri da detaluri codna da informacia

regionSi arsebuli pirobebis Sesaxeb. ufro metic, sasamarTlos ar gaaCnia

uflebamosileba,

aiZulos

mowme

gamocxaddes.

winamdebare

saqmeSi

gamoZaxebuli 51 mowmidan Svidi ar gamocxadda delegatebis winaSe.

Sesabamisad, faqtebis dadgenasTan dakavSirebiT potenciurad mniSvnelovani

Cvenebebis uqonlobis pirobebSi sasamarTlo siZnelis winaSe dadga.

27. mxareTa daxmarebiT sasamarTlom adgilze warmarTa gamoZieba, romlis

mimdinareobis periodSic moismina Semdegi 43 mowmis Cveneba:

(a) ganmcxadeblis dakavebis, msjavrdebisa da patimrobis calkeul

garemoebebTan dakavSirebiT ganmcxadeblebis, q-ni tatiana leSkosa da q-ni

evdokia ivantoSis, meore da mesame ganmcxadebelTa meuRleebis, q-ni raisa

petrov-popas, meoTxe ganmcxadeblis dis Cvenebebi; aseve b-ni Stefan

uritus, romelic patimrobaSi imyofeboda 1992 wels ganmcxadeblebTan

erTad; b-ni konstantin tibirnas, eqimis, romelmac gasinja ganmcxadeblebi

1995-97 wlebSi, rodesac isini patimrobaSi imyofebodnen tiraspolsa da

hlinaiaSi, Cvenebebi, b-ni vladimir golovaCevis, tiraspolis me-2

sapyrobilis mmarTvelis, b-ni Stefan tCerbebCiCis, 1992-dan 2001 wlamde

hlianias sapryobilis mmarTvelis, b-ni sergei kotovois, hlinaias cixis

mmarTvelis, b-ni efim samsonovis, `mdr~-is cixis samedicino samsaxuris

direqtoris, da b-ni vasili semenCukis, 1995 wlidan hlinaias eqimis

Cvenebebi.

(b) moldovis mxridan ganmcxadeblebis gaTavisuflebasTan dakavSirebiT

ganxorcielebul RonisZiebebze da moldovas, ruseTsa da dnestrispireTs

Soris arsebul urTierTobebze Cvenebebi misces sxvadasxva moldovelma

Tanamdebobis pirebma da politikosebma: b-nma dumitru postovanma,

moldovis generalurma prokurorma 1990 wlidan 1998 wlis ivlisamde, b-nma

valeriu Catanma, moldovis generalurma prokurorma 1998 wlis 31

ivlisidan 1999 wlis 29 ivlisamde, b-nma vasile rusum, moldovis

generalurma prokurorma 2001 wlis 18 maisis Semdgom, b-nma vasile

sturcam, generaluri prokuroris moadgilem 1990 wlidan 1994 wlamde da

iusticiis ministrma 1994 wlidan 1998 wlamde, Z-m, moldovis mTavrobis

yofilma ministrma, b-nma viqtor vierum, iusticiis ministris moadgilem

2001 wlis Semdgom, X-ma, moldovis yofilma maRali Tanamdebobis pirma, b-

nma mirCa snegurma, moldovis prezidentma 1990-96 wlebSi, b-nma aleqsandru

moSanum, moldovis parlamentis Tavmjdomarem 1990-92 wlebSi, Y-ma, yofilma

moldovelma diplomatma, b-nma andrei sanghelma, moldovis premier-

ministrma 1992-97 wlebSi; b-nma anatoli plugarum, moldovis uSiSroebis

ministrma 1991-92 wlebSi, b-nma nikolai petricam, moldovis armiis

generalma 1992-93 wlebSi, b-nma andrei Stratanma, sabaJos yofilma

ufrosma,

b-nma

vladimir

moloJenma,

sainformacio

teqnologiaTa

departamentis direqtorma, b-nma ion kostancma, Tavdacvis ministrma 1991-92

wlebSi, b-nma valentine seredam, moldovis sasjelaRsrulebiTi samsaxuris

direqtorma, b-nma viqtor berlinSiCma, moldovis parlamentis wevrma 1990-94

wlebSi, b-nma konstantin obrokma, premier-ministris moadgilem 1991-92

wlebSi da prezidentis mrCevelma 1993-96 wlebSi, b-nma mixail sidorovma,

moldovis parlamentis wevrma, da pavel kreangam, moldovis Tavdacvis

ministrma 1992-97 wlebSi.

(g) rod-is da ruseTis federaciis samSvidobo Zalebisa da am SenaerTebis

jariskacebis moldovis dnestrispireTSi yofnasTan dakavSirebiT Cveneba

misces: generalma boris sergeevma, rod-is sardalma, polkovnikma

aleqsandre verguzma, rod-is xelmZRvanelma oficerma, vice-polkovnikma

vitalius rodzaeviCusma, rod-is xelmZRvaneli jgufis yofilma wevrma,

polkovnikma anatoli zverevma, moldovis dnestrispireTis regionSi

ruseTis samSvidobo Zalebis sardalma, vice-polkovnikma boris levitskim,

rod-Tan arsebuli samxedro tribunalis Tavmjdomarem, vice-polkovnikma

valeri Samaevma, rod-is samxedro prokurorma, da vasili timoSenkom, me-14

armiisa da rod-is yofilma samxedro prokurorma.

III. saqmis winmswrebi zogadi movlenebi

a. ssrk-s daSla da moldova-dnestrispireTis konfliqti dnestrispireTis

gamoyofasTan dakavSirebiT

1. ssrk-s daSla, dnestrispireTis gamoyofa da moldovis damoukidebloba

28. moldaveTis sabWoTa socialisturi respublika, romelic Seiqmna ssrk-s

umaRlesi sabWos gadawyvetilebiT 1940 wlis

2

agvistos, daarsda

besarabiis nawilze, romelic CamoeWra rumineTs 1940 wlis 28 ivniss ssrk-

germanias Soris dadebuli molotov-ribentropis paqtis Semdgom (xsenebul

teritoriaze mcxovrebTa umetesoba ruminulad metyvelebda), da ukrainis

dnestris (ssrk) marcxena sanapiroze

-

dnestrispireTSi, romelic

moldaveTis sabWoTa socialistur respublikas gadaeca 1940 wels da

dasaxlebulia mosaxleobiT, romlis lingvisturi Semadgenloba 1989

wlisaTvis sajarod xelmisawvdomi informaciis Tanaxmad iyo 40%

moldovuri, 28% ukrainuli, 24% rusuli da 8% sxva. rusuli gaxda axali

sabWoTa respublikis saxelmwifo ena. sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi sabWoTa

xelisuflebis

organoebma

daaweses

rusuli

Srifti

ruminuli

damwerlobisaTvis, romelic gaxda `moldovuri~ da daikava meore adgili

rusulis Semdeg.

29. 1989 wlis seqtemberSi moldaveTis ssr-is umaRlesma sabWom miiRo ori

kanoni,

romlebiTac

Semoitana

laTinuri

anbani

damwerlobiTi

ruminulisaTvis (moldovuri) da xsenebuli ena gamoacxada pirvel

oficialur enad rusulis nacvlad.

1990 wlis 27 aprils umaRlesma sabWom miiRo axali samferovani (wiTeli,

yviTeli da lurji) droSa moldovuri gerbiT da erovnuli himni,

romelic im droisaTvis igive iyo, rac ruminuli. 1990 wlis ivnisSi,

sabWoTa kavSirSi mimdinare avtonomiuri da damoukideblobis moZraobis

pirobebSi, moldaveTis sabWoTa socialisturma respublikam miiRo axali

saxeli, moldovis sabWoTa socialisturi respublika. man damoukidebloba

gamoacxada 1990 wlis 23 ivniss (1994 wlis 10 ivnisis euTo-s sainformacio

dokumenti – ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 28-e punqtis SeniSvna).

1991 wlis 23 maiss moldavis sabWoTa socialisturma respublikam

gadairqva saxeli moldovis respublikad.

30. 1990 wlis 2 seqtembers gamocxadebuli iqna `moldovis dnestrispireTis

respublika~ (`mdr~). 1991 wlis 25 agvistos `mdr-is umaRlesma sabWom~ miiRo

`mdr~-is damoukideblobis deklaracia.

`mdr~ dRemde ar aris aRiarebuli saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobis mier.

31. 1991 wlis 27 agvistos moldovis parlamentma miiRo moldovis

respublikis

damoukideblobis

deklaracia.

saxelmwifos

teritoria

moicavda dnestrispireTsac. im droisaTvis moldovis respublikas ar

hyavda Tavisi armia da armiis Seqmnis pirveli mcdeloba ganxorcielda

ramdenime Tvis Semdeg. moldovis parlamentma TxovniT mimarTa ssrk-s

mTavrobas, `dawyebuliyo molaparakeba moldovis mTavrobasTan, raTa bolo

moReboda moldovis ukanono okupacias da moldovis teritoriidan

gayvaniliyo sabWoTa jarebi~.

32. moldovis respublikis damoukideblobis gamocxadebis Semdeg sabWoTa

kavSiris Tavdacvis saministros odesis olqis me-14 armia (`me-14 armia~),

romlis Stabbinac 1956 wlis Semdeg kiSiniovSi mdebareobda, rCeboda

moldovis teritoriaze. miuxedavad amisa, 1990 wlidan moyolebuli

dafiqsirebuli iqna aRWurvilobis farTomasStabiani gadaadgilebebi:

sxvadasxva gadazidvebs Soris aRiniSna aRWurvilobis didi odenobiT

gatana moldovis teritoriidan.

33. 1991 wlis ganmavlobaSi me-14 armia Sedgeboda ramdenime aTasi

jariskacisgan,

saxmeleTo

SenaerTebisgan,

artileriisgan

(haersawinaaRmdego sistemebi), javSanmanqanebisa da sahaero xomaldebisgan

(maT Soris, TviTmfrinavebisa da damrtymeli Sveulmfrenebisagan) da

gaaCnda sabrZolo masalebis sawyobebi, maT Soris, evropaSi erT-erTi

yvelaze didi sawyobi kolbasnaSi, dnestrispireTSi.

34. me-14 armiis SeiaraRebasTan erTad, SeiaraRebis sawyobi gaaCnda

`dosaafsac~ (`keTili nebiT Seqmnili gaerTianeba armiis, aviaciisa da

flotis daxmarebisaTvis~ _ ДОСААФ – Добровольное Общество Содействия Армии,

Авиации и Флоту), saxelmwifo organizacias, romelic Seiqmna 1951 wels da

ganTavsebuli iyo moldovis teritoriaze, raTa moemzadebina samoqalaqo

pirebi omisaTvis.

moldovis damoukideblobis gamocxadebis Semdeg `dosaafis~ aRWurviloba,

romelic ganTavsebuli iyo qveynis im teritoriaze, romelsac moldovis

mTavroba akontrolebda, gadavida mTavrobis xelSi, xolo darCenili

aRWurviloba, romelic ganTavsebuli iyo dnestrispireTSi, gadavida

dnestrispireTis separatistebis xelSi.

35. 1991 wlis

umaRlesma sabWom~

6

seqtembers `moldovis dnestrispireTis respublikis

gamosca brZaneba, romlis Tanaxmadac yvela

dawesebuleba, kompania, organizacia, miliciis SenaerTebi, prokuraturebi,

marTlmsajulebis organoebi, suk-is SenaerTebi da dnestrispireTSi

mdebare sxva samsaxurebi, garda sabWoTa SeiaraRebuli Zalebis sajariso

SenaerTebisa, gadadioda `dnestrispireTis respublikis~ iurisdiqciaSi.

oficrebs, Tadarigis oficrebsa da sajariso SenaerTebis sxvadasxva

Tanamdebobis pirebs ebrZanaT, `gamoeCinaT samoqalaqo solidaroba da

Tavdacvis mobilizeba dnestrispireTis muSebTan erTad moldovis SeWris

SemTxvevaSi~.

36. 1991 wlis 18 seqtembers `dnestrispireTis sabWoTa socialisturi

respublikis umaRlesi sabWos Tavmjdomarem~ gadawyvita, dnestrispireTSi

ganTavsebuli sabWoTa SeiaraRebuli Zalebi Seeyvana `respublikis~

iurisdiqciaSi.

37. 1991 wlis 14 noembris #234-e brZanebulebiT moldovis prezidentma b-nma

snegurma gamoacxada, rom aRWurviloba, iaraRi, sabrZolo manqanebi,

samxedro bazebi da sxva qoneba, romelic ekuTvnoda moldovis

teritoriaze ganTavsebul sabWoTa jarebis SenaerTebs, warmoadgenda

moldovis respublikis sakuTrebas.

38. 1991 wlis 8 dekembers belorusiam, ruseTis federaciam da ukrainam

xeli moaweres minskis SeTanxmebas, romliTac daafiqsires sabWoTa

kavSiris

arsebobis

Sewyveta

da

damoukidebel

saxelmwifoTa

Tanamegobrobis (dsT – ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 290-e punqti) Seqmna.

39. 1991 wlis 21 dekembers ssrk-s 11-ma wevrma saxelmwifom, maT Soris,

moldovam da ukrainam, xeli moaweres alma-atis deklaracias, romelic

adasturebda da afarToebda minskis SeTanxmebas dsT-s SeqmnasTan

dakavSirebiT. alma-atis deklaracia aseve adasturebda, rom dsT-s SeqmniT

ssrk-m Sewyvita arseboba, xolo dsT ar warmoadgenda arc saxelmwifos,

arc zesaxelmwifoebriv gaerTianebas. aseve Seiqmna dsT-is mTavrobaTa

meTaurTa sabWo da miRebuli iqna mxardaWeris gadawyvetileba ruseTis,

rogorc ssrk-s memkvidris, statusTan dakavSirebiT gaeTianebuli erebis

organizaciasa da uSiSroebis sabWoSi da sxva organizaciebSi.

40. 1992 wlis 30 ianvars moldovis respublika gaxda evropaSi uSiSroebisa

da TanamSromlobis konferenciis (euTk) wevri. 1992 wlis 2 marts moldova

miRebuli iqna gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciaSi.

41. 1994 wlis 8 aprils moldovis parlamentma moaxdina, garkveuli

daTqmebiT, 1991 wlis 21 seqtembers alma-ataSi moldovis prezidentis mier

xelmowerili moldovis dsT-Si Sesvlis xelSekrulebis ratificireba (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 293-e punqti).

2. SeiaraRebuli konfliqti (1991-92)

42. adgilze mivlenili sagamoZiebo misiis dros sasamarTlos delegatebis

winaSe gakeTebulma gancxadebebma daadastura, rom sabrZolo Setakebebs

namdvilad hqonda adgili (ix. danarTi: b-ni uritu, punqtebi 64-66 da 69-71;X,

punqtebi 216, 218 da 220; b-ni sneguri, punqtebi 230 da 238; b-ni mosanu,

punqtebi 243-45; Y, punqti 254; Z, punqtebi 271 da 277-81; generali patrica,

punqtebi 296-97 da 299; b-ni kostasi, punqtebi 401, 405-07 da 409; da b-ni

kreanga, punqtebi 457-60).

mopasuxe mTavrobebi sadavos ar xdian qvemoT mocemuli informaciis

namdvilobas, Tumca isini sxvadasxvanairad ganmartaven faqtebs (ix.

winamdebnare ganaCenis 50-e, 56-e-57-e, me-60, 62-e-64-e punqtebi).

43. 1989 wlidan moyolebuli moldovis damoukideblobis sawinaaRmdego

moZraoba daiwyo moldovis samxreTSi (gagauzia) da qveynis aRmosavleTSi

(dnestrispireTSi).

44. sabrZolo Setakebebi moxda dnestrispireTis separatistebsa da

moldovis policias Soris 1990 wlis noemberSi moldovis aRmosavleTSi,

dubasarisTan, dnestris marcxena sanapiroze.

45. momdevno TveebSi dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebma Seqmnes

SeiaraRebuli SenaerTebi saxelwodebiT `muSaTa razmebi~, romelTa

bazazec 1991 wels srulad aRWurvili da profesionaluri `respublikis

gvardia~ Seiqmna (ix. zemoxsenebuli euTo-s sainformacio dokumenti, 1994

wlis 10 ivnisi – ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 28-e punqtis SeniSvna).

46. ganmcxadeblebi amtkiceben, rom 1991 wlis 19 maiss ssrk-s Tavdacvis

ministrma ubrZana me-14 armiis sardals, general netkaCovs, gamoeZaxebina

rezervistebi, raTa Sevsebuliyo me-14 armiis sajariso formirebebi,

romlebic ganTavsebuli iyo dnestrispireTSi, da aRniSnuli jarebi da

sabrZolo aRWurviloba CaerTo sabrZolo SetakebebSi. igi savaraudod amas

gamarTlebas uZebnida Semdegi argumentebiT: `gamomdinare iqidan, rom

dnestrispireTi aris ruseTis teritoria da situacia gauaresda da

gamwvavda, Cven igi unda davicvaT yvela saSualebiT.~

47. 1991 wlis 1 dekembers saprezidento arCevnebi – romelic moldovam

ukanonod gamoacxada – Catarda dnestris marcxena sanapiroze mdebare

provinciebSi (raionebSi) (dnestrispireTSi). `mdr~-is prezidentad arCeuli

iqna b-ni igor smirnovi.

48. 1991 wlis 5 dekembris brZanebiT b-nma smirnovma gadawyvita, rom

`moldovis dnestrispireTis respublikaSi ganTavsebuli samxedro

SenaerTebi, romelTa umetesoba miekuTvneboda odesis samxedro oqls,

gadascemoda qvemdebareobaSi moldovis dnestrispireTis respublikis

erovnuli Tavdacvisa da uSiSroebis xelmZRvanels.~ departamentis ufross,

b-n genadi i. iakovlevs, romelic iyo me-14 armiis sardali (ix. winamdebare

ganaCenis 53-e punqti), eTxova, ganexorcielebina yvela aucilebeli

RonisZieba, raTa aRkveTiliyo dnestrispireTis teritoriaze ganTavsebuli

SeiaraRebuli SenaerTebis sakuTrebaSi myofi sabWoTa armiis SeiaraRebis,

aRWurvilobisa da sxva sakuTrebis gadagzavna-gadacema. xsenebulis mizans

warmoadgenda

dnestrispireTis

separatistuli

reJimis

sasikeTod

dnestrispireTSi arsebuli sabWoTa armiis iaraRis, aRWurvilobisa da

faseulobis dacva/Senaxva.

49. 1991 wlis dekemberSi moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma ukrainis

teritoriaze daakaves general-leitenanti iakovlevi da brali wauyenes

dnestrispireTis

SeiaraRebaSi, rac

separatistebisaTvis

xorcieldeboda

daxmarebis

me-14 armiis

aRmoCenaSi

sawyobebidan.

-

maT

igi

gadayvanili iqna moldovis teritoriaze Semdgomi gamoZiebis warmarTvis

mizniT.

50. ganmcxadebelTa mtkicebiT, general-leitenanti iakovlevi dakavebuli

iqna moldovis xelisuflebis organoebis mier da mas brali wauyenes

separatistebis SeiaraRebaSi. dakavebis Semdeg man savaraudod gaakeTa

gancxadebebi, romlebic adasturebda ruseTis federaciis monawileobas

konfliqtSi da mxardaWeras dnestrispireTisaTvis. xsenebuli Cvenebebi

Cawerili iqna kasetaze. Tumca, ganmcxadebelTa mtkicebiT, general-

leitenanti iakovlevi gaTavisuflebuli iqna moldovis xelisuflebis

winaSe moskovidan kiSiniovSi swored am mizniT Casuli rusi generlis

nikolai stoliarovis Suamdgomlobis Sedegad.

moldovis mTavrobam ar gaakeTa aranairi komentari am sakiTxTan

dakavSirebiT.

marTalia, xsenebuls ramdenime mowme amtkicebda (ix. danarTi: b-ni uritu,

punqti 66; b-ni postovani, punqti 182; Z, punqti 272, da b-ni plugaru, punqti

286), sasamarTlo ver miiCnevs, rom gonivrul eWvs miRma dadgenili iqna

general-leitenant

iakovlevis

gaTavisufleba

myofi moldoveli

sasamarTlom moismina

dnestrispireTis

policielebis

gansxvavebuli

SeiaraRebuli

Zalebis tyveobaSi

gaTavisuflebis

sanacvlod.

mosazrebebi general-leitenant iakovlevis gaTavisuflebis Taobaze da

raime saxis dokumenturi mtkicebulebis gareSe imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu

ra moxda gamoZiebis procesSi an rogor gaTavisuflda generali,

sasamarTlo arc adasturebs da arc uaryofs mowmeTa Cvenebebs, romelTa

umetesobac, delegatTa azriT, zogadad sarwmuno iyo.

meores mxriv, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom xsenebul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT

dakiTxuli yvela mowme Tanxmdebod imaSi, rom rusi generali Camovida

moskovidan

iakovlevi.

kiSiniovSi,

raTa

gaeTavisuflebina

general-leitenanti

Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo gonivrul eWvs miRma dadgenilad Tvlis, rom

ruseTis federaciis xelisuflebis organoebi Suamdgomlobdnen moldovis

xelisuflebis

organoebTan

general-leitenant

iakovlevis

gaTavisuflebasTan dakavSirebiT.

51. 1991 wlis bolos da 1992 wlis dasawyisSi sastiki Setakebebi moxda

dnestrispireTis separatistebis Zalebsa da moldovis uSiSroebis Zalebs

Soris, ramac Seiwira ramdenime aseuli adamianis sicocxle.

52. ganmcxadeblebma miuTiTes garkveul faqtebze, romlebic naTlad

miuTiTebda Setakebebze. xsenebuli faqtebi ar gauxdiaT sadavo mopasuxe

mTavrobebs

da

ar

gaqarwylebula

mowmeTa

CvenebebiT,

romlebic

delegatebma sagamoZiebo misiis dros moipoves.

53. 1991 wlis 6 dekembers, saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobisa da uSiSroebis

sabWosaTvis mimarTvisas, moldovis respublikis prezidentma mirCe

snegurma, moldovis parlamentis Tavmjdomarem aleqsandru moSanum da

premier-ministrma valeriu muravsCim protesti gamoTqves 1991 wlis 3

dekembers dnestrispireTis marcxena sanapiroze ganTavsebuli moldovis

qalaqebis grigoriopolis, dubasaris, slobozias, tirspolisa da ribnitas

okupaciis winaaRmdeg me-14 armiis mier, romelsac gaurkveveli dRidan

xelmZRvanelobda

general-leitenanti

iakovlevi.

xelisuflebis

warmomadgenlebma daadanaSaules ssrk-s xelisuflebis organoebi, kerZod,

Tavdacvis saministro, xsenebuli moqmedebebis waqezebaSi. me-14 armiis

jariskacebi daadanaSaules dnestrispireTis separatistebisaTvis samxedro

aRWurvilobis gacemaSi da iseTi separatistuli SeiaraRebuli razmebis

organizebaSi, romlebic aterorebdnen samoqalaqo mosaxleobas.

54. 1991 wlis 26 dekembris brZanebiT b-nma smirnovma, `mdr-is prezidentma~,

Seqmna `mdr-is SeiaraRebuli Zalebi~, im sajariso SenaerTebisagan da

formirebebisagan, romlebic ganTavsebuli iyo `mdr~-is teritoriaze,

garda im SeiaraRebuli Zalebisa, romlebic Seadgendnen `strategiul

samSvidobo Zalebs~.

55. 1992 wlis ianvarSi general-leitenanti iakovlevi gaTavisuflebuli

iqna me-14 armiis sardlis Tanamdebobidan dsT-is Sereuli Zalebis

sardlobis mier. 1992 wlis 29 ianvars dsT-s Sereuli Zalebis sardlis

gadawyvetilebiT general-leitenanti iakovlevi gadacemuli iqna q. odesis

zRvispireTis (ukraina) samxedro kadrebis biuros gankargulebaSi.

56. 1991-92 wlebSi, moldovis uSiSroebis ZalebTan Setakebis dros, ssrk-s

sajariso danayofebi, mogvianebiT ki ruseTis federaciis sajariso

danayofebi amaragebdnen saWurvliT dnestrispireTis separatistebs da

Sedegad me-14 armiis kuTvnili mravali sabrZolo aRWurviloba aRmoCnda

separatistebis xelSi.

mxareebi ver SeTanxmdnen imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu rogor aRmoCnda

xsenebuli iaraRi dnestrispireTis warmomadgenelTa xelSi.

57. ganmcxadebelTa mtkicebiT, me-14 armia aiaraRebda separatistebs ori

gziT: jer erTi, saWurvlis sawyobebi, romlebic ekuTvnoda me-14 armias,

gaxsnili iyo separatistebisaTvis da, garda amisa, me-14 armiis personali

araviTar winaaRmdegobas ar uwevda separatistebs, rodesac separatistuli

miliciis warmomadgenlebi da samoqalaqo pirebi cdilobdnen sabrZolo

aRWurvilobis miTvisebas. magaliTad, araviTari Zala ar yofila

gamoyenebuli dnestrispireTis qalebis komitetis winaaRmdeg, romelsac

galina andreeva xelmZRvanelobda.

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs rod-is oficris mier micemul ganmartebas (ix.

danarTi: polkovniki verguzi, punqti 359) qalebisa da bavSvebis mier

iaraRis Zalismieri gziT miTvisebasTan dakavSirebiT, aRniSnavs, agreTve,

rom xsenebuli sadavod iqna gaxdili yvela moldoveli mowmis mier,

romlebic dakiTxulni iqnen am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT.

sasamarTlo daujereblad Tvlis im faqts, rom qalebsa da bavSvebs

SeeZloT mieTvisebinaT iaraRi da saWurveli samxedro pirebis mier

daculi sawyobebidan mcvelebis Tanxmobis gareSe.

mokled rom vTqvaT, sasamarTlo gonivrul eWvs miRma dadgenilad Tvlis,

rom dnestrispireTis separatistebs SeeZloT SeiaraReba dnestrispireTSi

ganTavsebuli me-14 armiis sawyobebidan. me-14 armiis sajariso SenaerTebi

ar

uwevdnen

winaaRmdegobas

sawyobebSi

iaraRis

asaRebad

misul

separatistebs, piriqiT, mraval SemTxvevaSi isini daxmarebas uwevdnen

separatistebs iaraRis gadacemaSi da maTTvis sawyobebis gaxsnaSi (ix.

danarTi, b-ni uritu, punqti 65, b-ni petrov-popa, punqti 130, b-ni postovani,

punqtebi 182 da 201; b-ni kostasi, punqti 407, da b-ni kreanga, punqti 457).

58. ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom me-14 armiis sajariso formirebebi

SeuerTda separatistebis mxares maTi xemZRvanelobis nebarTviT.

59. me-14 armiis naRmosanTa batalioni general butkeviCis brZanebiT

gadavida separatistebis mxares. xsenebuli informacia dadasturebuli iqna

rusuli mTavrobis mier. ganmcxadeblebi kvlavac amtkicebdnen, rom

`gadacemis~ dros menaRmeebi flobdnen kalaSnikovis tipis mraval

avtomats,

vaznebs,

`te-tes~

da

`makarovis~

tipis

pistoletebs,

xelyumbarebsa da naRmmtyorcnebs da haeri-miwa tipis raketebs. swored

parCanis batalioni iyo, romelmac daangria xidebi dubasarisa da gura

bacilui-baCioCsa da koSnitaSi.

ganmcxadeblebi aseve amtkicebdnen, rom 1992 wlis 20 ivliss me-14 armiam

separatistebs gadasca SeiaraRebuli sabrZolo manqanebi, zarbaznebi,

tankebi da SeiaraRebuli satransporto saSualebebi. damatebiT unda

aRiniSnos,

rom

brZolebis

dros

saWurvlisa

da

daWrilebis

gadatana/gadayvanaSi separatistebis mxareze me-14 armiis kuTvnili

samxedro Sveulmfreni iRebda monawileobas.

8

b-ni leSkos mier 2001 wlis 19 noembers sasamarTlosaTvis warmodgenil

werilobiT gancxadebaSi q-ni olga Capina, yofili moxalise, romelic

moxalises saxiT mimagrebuli iyo moldovis uSiSroebis saministroSi 1992

wlis 15 martidan 15 agvistomde, aRniSnavs, rom im droisaTvis, rogorc es

dadasturebulia saministros mier gacemuli sertifikatiT, igi muSaobda

ruseTis armiis maRali Tanamdebobis pirebis garemocvaSi, me-14 armiis

sakomando da dazvervis centrSi olga suslinas saxeliT. iq muSaobis

dros xsenebuli piri moldovis uSiSroebis saministros ugzavnida

aseulobiT

dokuments,

romlebic

adasturebda

ruseTis

jarebis

monawileobas SeiaraRebul operaciebSi da Zalze did mxardaWeras

iaraRiT. q-ni Capina aseve agrovebda informacias, romelic adasturebda,

rom me-14 armia warmarTavda separatistebis samxedro operaciebs, saerTo

qmedebebis organizebas ki ruseTis federaciis Tavdacvis saministro

axorcielebda.

60. ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom aTasobiT rusi kazaki Cavida

ruseTidan separatistebTan erTad sabrZolvelad da maT mxardasaWerad;

kazakTa

gaerTianeba,

rusuli

asociacia,

aRiarebulia

ruseTis

xelisuflebis organoebis mier. ganmcxadebelTa mtkicebiT, kazakebis

ruseTidan Casvlas srulebiT ar uSlida xels ruseTis xelisufleba,

miuxedavad moldovis prezidentis b-ni sneguris ramdenimejer gamoTqmuli

pretenziisa xsenebul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT. piriqiT, me-14 armiis

oficrebma gulTbilad miiRes 800 kazaki 1992 wlis martis dasawyisSi da

SeaiaraRes isini. xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen,

rom maSin, rodesac 1988 wels moldovis teritoriaze saerTod ar iyvnen

kazakebi, axla dnestrispireTis teritoriaze ruseTidan Camosuli

daaxloebiT 10 000 kazaki cxovrobs.

ruseTis mTavrobis gancxadebiT, kazakebis povna SesaZlebelia msoflios

sxva nawilebSic da yvelas aqvs gadaadgilebis Tavisufleba.

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom delegatebis mier mopovebuli da saqmeSi

arsebuli ramdenime dokumenti adasturebs, rom kazakTa da ruseTis

moqalaqeTa didi raodenoba Cavida dnestrispireTSi separatistebis

gverdiT sabrZolvelad. sasamarTlo aseve aRniSnavs, rom ruseTis

mTavroba ar uaryofs zemoxsenebuls.

Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo gonivrul eWvs miRma dadgenilad Tvlis, rom

ruseTis moqalaqeTa didi raodenoba Cavida dnestrispireTSi moldovis

Zalebis winaaRmdeg dnestrispireTis separatistTa rigebSi sabrZolvelad.

61. 1996 wels gamoqveynebul wignSi sagamomcemlo saxli `vneStorgizdati~

general lebeds uwodebs rusul enigmas; avtori, vladimir poluSini,

warmoadgens dokumenturi wyaroebiT gamyarebul mraval mtkicebulebas

imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu ra mxardaWeras uwevda ruseTis federacia

dnestrispireTis

separatistebs.

wigni

aseve

moixseniebs

ruseT-

dnestrispireTis mier erToblivi Tavdacvis Stabbinis Seqmnas da me-14

armiis monawileobas dnestrispireTis Zalebis mier ganxorcielebul

sabrZolo operaciebSi moldoveli `mtrebis~ winaaRmdeg.

xsenebul wignze dayrdnobiT ganmcxadeblebi magaliTis saxiT axsenebdnen

moldovis sajariso formirebis ganadgurebas me-14 armiis mier 1992 wlis

30 ivniss da me-14 armiis mier moldovelebis garkveuli poziciebis

dakavebas kosnitasTan, dubasarisTan, sloboziasTan da herbovatTan 1992

wlis 1 ivnisidan 3 ivlisamde.

sxva mxareebma ar gaakeTes komentari wignSi mocemul informaciasTan

dakavSirebiT.

62. ganmcxadebelTa mtkicebiT, dnestrze gadebuli xidis marcxena mxare

danaRmuli iyo me-14 armiis personalis mier.

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom mowme, romelic konfliqtis dros uSualod

monawileobda samxedro operaciebSi, amtkicebda, rom teritoriis nawili

dnestris

marcxena

napirze

danaRmuli

iyo,

aRniSnuli

samuSao

ganxorcielebuli iyo specialistebis mier, xolo konfliqtis damTavrebis

Semdeg moldovis armias mouxda ucxoeli specialistebis gamoZaxeba

teritoriis gansanaRmavad (ix. danarTi: b-ni kostasi, punqti 406). xsenebuli

informacia mxareebs sadavo ar gauxdiaT.

mowmeTa Cvenebebis sandoobis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlo dadgenilad

miiCnevs, rom moldovis garkveuli teritoria, romelic dnestris marcxena

sanapiroze mdebareobs, danaRmuli iyo im Zalebis mier, romlebic

moldovis armias ebrZodnen. meores mxriv, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom

xsenebul mowmes ar SeeZlo kategoriulad imis mtkiceba, rom naRmebi

dadebuli iyo me-14 armiis personalis mier, igi amtkicebda, rom

logikurad aseT doneze xsenebuli samuSaos ganxorcieleba SesaZlebeli

iyo mxolod profesionalebis, anu me-14 armiis sajariso formirebebis

mier. sasamarTlo aseve aRniSnavs, rom xsenebuli mtkiceba ar aris naTeli

`gonivrul eWvs miRma~ da amitom ar SeuZlia dadgenilad miiCnios, rom

naRmebi dnestris marcxena sanapiroze swored me-14 armiis an rod-is

personalma daamontaJa.

63. moldaveTis mTavroba amtkicebda, rom mas arasodes ganucxadebia

ruseTis federaciis armiis moldovis teritoriaze kanonierad yofnis an

me-14 armiis dnestrispireTis konfliqtSi Caurevlobis Sesaxeb.

sapirispirod,

mTavroba

amtkicebda,

rogorc

es

mowmeTa

mier

delegatebisaTvis micemuli Cvenebebidan gairkva, rom me-14 armia, pirdapiri

da arapirdapiri gziT, aqtiurad ereoda dnestrispireTis konfliqtSi da

gamodioda moldovis SeiaraRebuli Zalebis winaaRmdeg. dnestrispireTis

separatistebs SeeZloT SeiaraReba im iaraRiT, romelic me-14 armias

ekuTvnoda da maT xelSi xvdeboda rusi samxedroebis xelSewyobiT.

moldovis mTavroba Tvlida, rom usindisoba iyo imis mtkiceba, TiTqos

qalebma Zalis gamoyenebiT miitaces iaraRi da aRWurviloba me-14 armiis

sawyobebidan. ufro metic, arc erTi rusi oficeri ar dasjila

disciplinaruli wesiT daudevrobisaTvis an xelSewyobisaTvis me-14 armiis

sawyobebidan aRWurvilobis gatacebasTan dakavSirebiT.

64. ruseTis mTavroba amtkicebda, rom me-14 armia moldovaSi iyo im dros,

rodesac dnestrispireTis konfliqti daiwyo. ruseTis samxedro nawilebs,

rogorc aseTi, monawileoba ar miuRiaT brZolaSi da ar Careulan

saCivarSi moxseniebul faqtebSi. Tumca, rodesac me-14 armiis jariskacebis

winaaRmdeg

ukanono

SeiaraRebuli

operaciebi

tardeboda,

xdeboda

Sesabamisi RonisZiebebis ganxorcieleba saerTaSoriso samarTlis Tanaxmad.

zogadad, ruseTis mTavroba mzad iyo, hipoTezis doneze daeSva, rom pirebi,

romlebic

me-14

armiisadmi

kuTvnilebas

acxadebdnen,

SesaZloa,

monawileobas iRebdnen Sesabamis qmedebebSi, magram, amasTanave, mTavrobam

xazi gausva, rom asec rom momxdariyo, qmedeba warmoadgenda mZime

danaSauls rusuli kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad, risTvisac Sesabamisi pirebi

daisjebodnen.

ruseTis mTavroba aseve amtkicebda, rom ruseTis federacia neitralur

mxared rCeboda konfliqtTan mimarTebaSi, kerZod, mxars ar uWerda

mebrZolebs raime saxiT _ samxedro Tu finansuri TvalsazrisiT.

65.

kategoriulad amtkicebdnen me-14 armiis, xolo mogvianebiT rod-is

pirdapir Tu arapirdapir aqtiur monawileobas dnestrispireTis

sasamarTlo

aRniSnavs,

rom

dakiTxuli

moldoveli

mowmeebi

separatistebisaTvis iaraRis gadacemaSi. isini aseve amtkicebdnen rusuli

sajariso formirebebis monawileobas konfliqtSi, kerZod, tankebis

monawileobas ruseTis federaciis droSiT, moldovis poziciebisaken

ganxorcielebul gasrolebs me-14 armiis SenaerTebis mxridan da me-14

armiis sajariso formirebebis didi raodenobiT rezervSi gadasrolas,

raTa

maT

SesaZlebloba

miscemodaT,

ebrZolaT

dnestrispireTis

separatistebTan erTad an gaewvrTnaT isini (ix. danarTi: b-ni kostasi,

punqti 406, da b-ni kreanga, punqti 457).

xsenebuli mtkicebebi gamyarebulia informaciiT, romelic mocemulia

euTo-s 1993 wlis 29 ivlisis #7 moxsenebaSi, rac Tan daurTo rumineTis

mTavrobam, da aseve sxva wyaroebiT (ix. danarTi: b-ni mosanu, punqti 244).

xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT sasamarTlo aRniSnavs rogorc informaciis

mravalferovnebas, aseve mis detalur xasiaTs sakiTxTan mimarTebaSi.

sasamarTlo ver xedavs raime mizezs imisaTvis, rom eWvi Seitanos

moldoveli mowmeebis CvenebaTa sarwmunoobaSi da aRniSnavs, rom maTi

mtkiceba gamyarebulia moldovis mTavrobis mier, romelmac daadastura

xsenebuli faqtebi yvela im werilobiT komentarSi, romlebic man

warmoadgina samarTalwarmoebis periodSi.

rac Seexeba ruseTis mTavrobis mtkicebas, rom mowmeebi miekuTvnebodnen

politikur wreebs, romlebic gamodian ruseTis federaciis winaaRmdeg,

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom xsenebuli ver iqna dadasturebuli.

ufro metic, im gancxadebebis safuZvelze sasamarTlosaTvis SeuZlebelia

naTlad gansazRvra, Tu ra SefardebiTi Zalebi gaaCndaT mowinaaRmdege

mxareebs. Tumca, mxedvelobaSi iqna ra miRebuli me-14 armiis sajariso

formirebebis mxardaWera separatistebisadmi da iaraRisa da saWurvlis

masiuri gadacema me-14 armiis sawyobebidan, naTeli gaxda, rom moldovis

armia wagebul poziciaSi aRmoCnda da ver SeZlo dnestrispireTze

kontrolis aRdgena (ix. danarTi: Z, punqti 271, da b-ni kostasi, punqti 401).

66. 1992 wlis 5 marts moldovis parlamentma gamoTqva protesti ruseTis

xelisuflebis dumilis gamo, rac, parlamentis azriT, warmoadgenda

xelSewyobas im daxmarebasTan mimarTebaSi, romelic xorcieldeboda

dnestrispireTis

separatistebisaTvis

ruseTidan

Casuli

kazakebis

(romlebic miekuTvnebodnen kazakTa gaerTianebas, ruseTis xelisuflebis

organoebis mier aRiarebul asociacias) mier. moldovis parlamentma

mouwoda

ruseTis

federaciis

umaRles

sabWos

Carevisaken,

raTa

uzrunvelyofiliyo rusi kazakebis dauyovnebliv gawveva moldovis

teritoriidan.

67. 1992 wlis 23 marts moldovis, ruseTis federaciis, rumineTisa da

ukrainis sagareo saqmeTa ministrebi Sexvdnen erTmaneTs helsinkiSi da

miiRes deklaracia, romelic ayalibebda garkveul principebs konfliqtis

mSvidobiani gziT mogvarebasTan dakavSirebiT. Semdgom Sexvedrebze,

romlebic Sedga 1992 wlis aprilsa da maisSi kiSiniovSi, oTxma ministrma

gadawyvita oTxmxrivi komisiisa da samxedro damkvirvebelTa jgufis

Seqmna, raTa zedamxedveloba ganxorcielebuliyo cecxlis Sewyvetis

dacvaze.

68. 1992 wlis 24 marts moldovis parlamentma protesti gamoTqva ruseTis

federaciis mier moldovis saSinao saqmeebSi Carevis gamo mas Semdeg, rac

ruseTis federaciis umaRlesma sabWom gamosca deklaracia 1992 wlis 20

maiss da rekomendaciiT mimarTa moldovis mTavrobas, dnestrispireTis

konfliqti `dnestrispireTis xalxis~ uflebebis pativiscemis safuZvelze

moegvarebina.

69. 1992 wlis 28 marts moldovis prezidentma b-nma snegurma gamoacxada

sagangebo mdgomareoba. man aRniSna, rom `avantiuristebma~ dnestris

marcxena

sanapiroze

`gare

Zalebis

daxmarebiT~

Seqmnes

`fsevdo-

saxelmwifo~ da rom `sabWoTa armiis Tanamedrove saWurvliT kbilebamde

SeiaraRebulebma~ gaaCaRes konfliqti da yvelaferi gaakeTes imisaTvis,

rom dsT-is Sereuli jarebis me-14 armia konfliqtSi Careuliyo. sagangebo

mdgomareobis pirobebSi moldovis uSiSroebis saministros, Sinagan saqmeTa

saministros da sxva Sesabamis uwyebebs, romlebic armiis SenaerTebTan

erTad moqmedebdnen, ebrZanaT prezidentis mier, ganexorcielebinaT yvela

Sesabamisi nabiji, raTa daeSalaT da ganeiaraRebinaT ukanonod Seqmnili

SeiaraRebuli formirebebi da moeZebnaT da marTlmsajulebis winaSe

waredginaT yvela is piri, romlebmac Caidines danaSauli saxelmwifo

organoebisa da respublikis mosaxleobis winaaRmdeg. e.w. `dnestrispireTis

respublikis~ damaarseblebs da maT TanamebrZolebs moewodaT, daeSalaT

ukanono

SeiaraRebuli

formirebebi

da

Cabarebodnen

respublikis

organoebs.

70. 1992 wlis

1

aprils #320 brZanebulebiT ruseTis federaciis

prezidentma moldovis teritoriaze ganTavsebuli ssrk-s kuTvnili

sajariso SenaerTebi, maT Soris dnestris marcxena napirze ganTavsebuli

SenaerTebi, gadaiyvana ruseTis federaciis iurisdiqciaSi, ase rom me-14

armia gaxda `ruseTis operatiuli jgufi moldovis dnestrispireTis

regionSi~ (`rod~ an, rogorc mas adre ewodeboda, `me-14 armia~).

71. 1992 wlis 1 aprilis #84 brZanebiT `mdr-s prezidentma~, b-nma smirnovma,

gaaTavisufla general-leitenanti iakovlevi `mdr-s Tavdacvisa da

uSiSroebis departamentis~ xelmZRvanelis Tanamdebobidan.

72. 1992 wlis 2 aprils generalma netkaCovma, rod-is (me-14 armia) sardalma,

ubrZana moldovis Zalebs, romlebmac alya Semoartyes separatistebis

kontrolis qveS myof qalaq tiginas (benderi), dauyovnebliv ukan daexiaT,

xolo daumorCileblobis SemTxvevaSi ruseTis armia miiRebda Sesabamis

zomebs.

73. ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom generali netkaCovis ultimatumis

Semdeg me-14 armiisa da separatistebis mier gaimarTa gaerTianebuli

sabrZolo varjiSebi. swavleba daiwyo tiraspolSi srolaSi swavlebiT.

74. 1992 wlis 4 aprils moldovis prezidentma, b-nma snegurma, depeSa

gaugzavna dsT-s wevri qveynebis meTaurebs, dsT-s Sereuli Zalebis

sardals da me-14 armiis sardals da maTi yuradReba gaamaxvila im faqtze,

rom me-14 armia ar inarCunebda neitralitets.

75. 1992 wlis 5 aprils tiraspolSi ruseTis federaciis vice-prezidenti

Cavida.

rogorc

es

ganmcxadeblebis

mier

sasamarTlos

winaSe

warmodgenili, presaSi gamoqveynebuli statiebidan Cans, da mxareebs sadavo

ar gauxdiaT, b-nma ruckoim Tavidan me-14 armia moinaxula, xolo Semdeg

gaemarTa tiraspolis centralur moedanze b-n smirnovTan erTad. iq myofi

5000 adamianis winaSe warmoTqmul sityvaSi b-nma ruckoim ganacxada, rom b-

n

snegurs ar surda dialogis warmoeba da saukeTeso gamosavlad

daasaxela konfederacia, romelSic moldovelebi da rusebi erTad

icxovrebdnen Tanabar sawyisebze. bolos man aRniSna, rom me-14 armia

imoqmedebda rogorc dasayrdeni mebrZol mxareebs Soris imgvarad, rom

dnestrispirel xalxs SeZleboda damoukideblobisa da suverenitetis

mopoveba da yvelas miscemoda mSvidobiani muSaobis SesaZlebloba.

76. dsT-is xelmZRvanelis 1992 wlis 8 aprilis #026 brZanebiT miRebuli

iqna gadawyvetileba, rom moldaveTis yofili sabWoTa socialisturi

respublikis teritoriaze ganTavsebuli jarebi da me-14 armiis SenaerTebi

SesaZlebeli iyo gamxdariyo moldovis respublikis SeiaraRebuli Zalebis

bazisi.

samxedro danayofebma, romlebic me-14 armiis Semadgeneli nawili iyo,

gadawyvites, SeerTebodnen moldovis axal armias. xsenebuli nawilebi iyo

floresti (saWurvlis sawyobi #5381), unghenis me-4 saartilerio polki da

unghenis 803-e saraketo saartilerio polki.

me-14 armiis 115-e gamnaRmvelTa da msrolelTa damoukidebelma batalionma

uari ganacxada, Caweriliyo moldovis SeiaraRebul ZalebSi `da gadavida

dnestrispireTis regionis iurisdiqciis qveS~, rogorc es ganmarta

ruseTis mTavrobam.

77. 1992 wlis aprilSi dsT-s SeiaraRebuli Sereuli Zalebis sardlisaTvis

gagzavnil SetyobinebaSi moldovis prezidenti b-ni sneguri acxadebda, rom

dnestrispireTSi ganviTarebuli movlenebi waqezebuli iyo da maT mxars

uWerda `ssrk-s imperiuli da prokomunisturi struqturebi da maTi

samarTalmemkvidreebi~ da rom me-14 armia ar iyo neitraluri konfliqtis

dros.

xsenebulTan

dakavSirebiT

prezidentma

xazi

gausva,

rom

dnestrispireTis samxedro formirebebi aRWurvili iyo Tanamedrove

iaraRiT, romelic ekuTvnoda yofili sabWoTa kavSiris armias, amasTanave,

xazgasmuli iqna, rom ruseTis federaciis Zalian bevrma moqalaqem

monawileoba miiRo konfliqtSi da ibrZoda separatistebis mxareze

daqiravebuli boevikebis saxiT.

78. 1992 wlis aprilSi gaero-s wevri qveynebis liderebisaTvis, uSiSroebis

sabWosaTvis, euTo-sa da dsT-saTvis gagzavnil werilSi b-ni sneguri

adanaSaulebda

me-14

armiis

sardals

dnestrispireTis

SenaerTebis

SeiaraRebaSi 1991 wlis dekemberSi da, amave dros, pretenzias gamoTqvamda

im midgomasTan dakavSirebiT, romelic gamoamJRavna ruseTis federaciis

deputatebis me-6 kongresma, romelmac mouwoda da moiwona moldovaSi

ruseTis federaciis armiis SenaerTebis yofna. bolos b-ni sneguri

acxadebda, rom dnestrispireTis konfliqtis mSvidobiani daregulirebis

umniSvnelovanes winapirobas warmoadgenda ruseTis federaciis armiis

dauyovnebeli gayvana moldovis teritoriidan. moldovis prezidentma

saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobas mimarTa TxovniT, mxari daeWira moldovis

axalgazrda saxelmwifosaTvis damoukideblobisa da TavisuflebisaTvis

brZolaSi.

79. 1992 wlis 20 maiss moldovis parlamentis Tavmjdomarem protesti

gamoTqva 1992 wlis 19 maiss dnestrispireTis teritoriis damatebiT

okupaciaze me-14 armiis mier, romelsac zurgs umagrebdnen kazakebi, rusi

boevikebi da dnestrispireTis SeiaraRebuli Zalebi. Tavmjdomaris

gancxadebaSi aRniSnuli iyo, rom samxedro agresia ruseTis federaciis

mxridan arRvevda moldovis suverenitets da saerTaSoriso samarTlis

yvela normas da saerTod dnestrispireTis konfliqtis daregulirebasTan

dakavSirebiT warmoebul molaparakebebs sruliad moCvenebiTs xdida.

prezidentma

brali

dasdo

ruseTis

federacias

dnestrispireli

separatistebis SeiaraRebaSi da mosTxova ruseTis federaciis umaRles

sabWos, SeeCerebina agresia da moldovis teritoriidan ukan gaewvia

ruseTis SeiaraRebuli Zalebi.

80. protesti aseve mimarTuli iyo tiraspolsa da moskovSi b-ni ruckois,

ruseTis federaciis vice-prezidentis, moldovis mimarT `agresiiT savse~

gamosvlisa da rod-is samxedro sabWos mier 1992 wlis 19 maiss gakeTebuli

gancxadebis winaaRmdeg.

81. 1992 wlis 26 maiss moldovis parlamentma gaugzavna werili ukrainis

umaRles sabWos da madloba gadauxada ukrainis xelisuflebis organoebs,

romlebmac uari ganacxades, SeerTebodnen saokupacio Zalebs 1992 wlis 19

maiss.

82. 1992 wlis 22 ivniss moldovis parlamentma mimarTa saerTaSoriso

Tanamegobrobas, dagmo `axali agresia, romelic danaSaulebrivad

ganxorcielda dnestrispireTSi 1992 wlis 21 ivniss me-14 armiis Zalebis

mier~ da protesti gamoTqva imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom me-14 armiis

damangrevelma

mSvidobiani

saerTaSoriso

dnestrispireTSi,

`genocidi~.

qmedebebma

mcxovrebi,

da

daetovebinaT

eTxova,

SeCerebuliyo

marodiorobam

aiZula

Zalian

gaqceuliyvnen.

eqspertebi

bevri

saxlebi

da

gamoegzavna

adgilobrivi

Tanamegobrobas

raTa

mosaxleobis

83. 1992 wlis 23 ivniss moldovis prezidentma b-nma snegurma TxovniT

mimarTa gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis generalur mdivans b-n butros

butros galis, raTa ecnobebina uSiSroebis sabWos wevrebisaTvis `me-14

armiis mier qalaq tiginaze Tavdasxmis Sesaxeb~, romelsac igi ganixilavda

`pirdapir da uxeS~ Carevad moldovis saSinao saqmeebSi. b-nma snegurma

aseve gamoTqva pretenzia ruseTis federaciis prezidentis b-ni elcinis

mimarT da vice-prezidentis ruckois gancxadebasTan dakavSirebiT,

`romelic naTlad warmoaCenda, rom ruseTis federacia ar apirebda,

daeTmo `uflebebi~, romlebsac aRar flobda arc de jure da arc de facto im

teritoriasTan mimarTebaSi, romelic mas ukve aRar ekuTvnoda sabWoTa

imperiis daSlis Semdeg. b-ni sneguri mimarTvas Semdegnairad amTavrebda:

`muqarebi, romlebic ruseTis xelisuflebis mxridan axlaxans ganmeorda

moldovis _ damoukidebeli da suverenuli saxelmwifos _ samarTlebrivi

xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg, moldoveli xalxis SeSfoTebis sagania, radgan

es muqarebi, rogorc Cans, emsaxureba da warmoadgens Cvens Sida saqmeebSi

Carevas, rac, Tavis mxriv, sabWoTa komunisturi imperialisturi sistemis

saSualebebsa da meTodebs ganekuTvneba.~

84. 1992 wlis ivlisis pirvel naxevarSi dsT-Si intensiuri molaparakebebi

gaimarTa

dakavSirebiT. naxsenebi iqna minskSi 1992 wlis martSi xelmowerili

SeTanxmeba, romelic exeboda samxedro damkvirveblebs da dsT-s

strategiul samSvidobo Zalebs.

moldovaSi

dsT-s

samSvidobo

Zalebis

ganTavsebasTan

85. dsT-s Sexvedraze, romelic gaimarTa moskovSi 1992 wlis 6 ivliss,

miRebuli iqna gadawyvetileba moldovaSi, winaswari RonisZiebis saxiT,

dsT-s samSvidobo Zalebis ganTavsebis Sesaxeb. samSvidobo ZalebSi unda

Sesuliyo rusuli, ukrainuli, belorusuli, ruminuli da bulgaruli

jarebi. aRniSnuli ganxorcieldeboda moldovis Tanxmobis pirobiT.

miuxedavad imisa, rom moldovis parlamentma meore dResve gaakeTa aseTi

moTxovna, xsenebuli samSvidobo Zalebi arasodes yofila ganTavsebuli,

radgan garkveuli qveynebi ar fiqrobdnen dsT-s ZalebSi monawileobis

miRebaze Tanxmobis gamoTqmas.

86. 1992 wlis 10 ivliss, euTk-s helsinkis samitze, moldovis prezidentma b-

nma snegurma moiTxova euTk-s samSvidobo Zalebis moldovis situaciasTan

mimarTebaSi gamoyenebis SesaZleblobis ganxilva. xsenebuli ar iqna

ganxorcielebuli, radgan adgili ar hqonia efeqtur da xangrZlivi drois

ganmavlobaSi cecxlis Sewyvetas (ix. zemoxsenebuli euTo-s sainformacio

dokumenti, 1994 wlis 10 ivnisi – winamdebare ganaCenis 28-e punqtis

SeniSvna).

87. 1992 wlis 21 ivliss moldovis prezidentma b-nma snegurma da ruseTis

federaciis prezidentma b-nma elcinma xeli moaweres SeTanxmebas

`moldovis

respublikis

dnestrispireTis

regionSi

SeiaraRebuli

konfliqtis megobruli gziT mogvarebis principebis Sesaxeb~ (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 292-e punqti).

dokumentis aslze, romelic sasamarTlos moldovis mTavrobam warudgina,

aris mxolod b-ni snegurisa da b-ni elcinis xelmowerebi. ruseTis

mTavrobam sasamarTlos warudgina asli, romelzec Cans b-ni snegurisa da

b-ni elcinis, rogorc prezidentebis, xelmowerebi. b-ni sneguris

xelmoweris qveS aslze aseve Cans b-ni smirnovis xelmowera misi raime

statusis miTiTebis gareSe.

b-ni smirnovis xelmowera ar aris im aslze, romelic warmoadgina

moldovis mTavrobam. sasamarTlo delegatebis winaSe micemul CvenebaSi b-

nma snegurma daadastura, rom oficialur dokumentze, romelic or pirad

iyo xelmowerili, iyo mxolod misi da b-ni elcinis xelmowerebi (ix.

danarTi: b-ni sneguri, punqti 228).

rogorc sasamarTlosaTvis mowmis mier micemuli Cvenebidan irkveva,

SeTanxmebis teqsti momzadebuli iyo rusuli mxaris mier, romelmac

warudgina dokumenti moldovis mxares xelmosawerad (ix. danarTi, punqti

281).

88. ruseTis mTavroba amtkicebda, rom 1992 wlis 21 ivlisis SeTanxmebis me-4

muxlis Tanaxmad, ruseTis federaciam xeli moawera SeTanxmebas ara

rogorc konfliqtis mxarem, aramed rogorc konfliqtis mSvidobiani gziT

mogvarebis sakiTxSi Suamavalma.

89. SeTanxmeba iTvaliswinebda uSiSroebis zonis princips, romelic unda

Seqmniliyo `konfliqtis mxareebis~ mier armiebis gayvaniT am teritoriidan

(1-li muxlis me-2 punqti).

90. SeTanxmebis me-2 muxlis Tanaxmad, Seiqmna Sereuli sakontrolo komisia,

romelic Sedgeboda moldovas, ruseTis federaciisa da dnestrispireTis

warmomadgenlebisagan. komisiam Stabbina tiginaSi (benderi) daido.

SeTanxmeba aseve iTvaliswinebda samSvidobo Zalebis Seqmnas, romelsac

unda uzrunveleyo cecxlis Sewyveta da uSiSroeba. samSvidobo Zalebis

SemadgenlobaSi unda Sesuliyo

5

rusuli batalioni,

3

moldavuri

batalioni da 2 dnestripireTis respublikis batalioni. es batalionebi

erTobliobaSi unda damorCilebodnen Sereul samxedro struqturul

danayofs, romelic, Tavis mxriv, emorCileboda Sereul sakontrolo

komisias.

91. SeTanxmebis me-3 muxlis Tanaxmad qalaqi tigina gamocxadda regionad,

romelic eqvemdebareboda usafrTxoebis zonas, qalaqis administracia ki

gadavida `adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis xelSi, romlebic

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi imoqmedebdnen sakontrolo komisiasTan erTad~.

Sereul sakontrolo komisias daevala tiginaSi marTlwesrigis dacva

adgilobriv policiasTan erTad.

me-4 muxlis Tanaxmad ruseTis federaciis me-14 armias, romelic

ganTavsebuli

iyo

modlovas

respublikis

teritoriaze,

moeTxova,

darCeniliyo mkacrad neitraluri; me-5 muxli krZalavda sanqciebs an

blokadas da miznad isaxavda yvela im barieris moxsnas, romlebic xels

uSlida saqonlis, samsaxurebisa da pirTa Tavisufal moZraobas.

da bolos, SeTanxmebiT gaTvaliswinebuli RonisZiebebi gansazRvruli iqna

rogorc `konfliqtis politikuri meTodebiT mogvarebis mniSvnelovani

nawili~ (me-7 muxli).

3. SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis Semdeg ganviTarebuli movlenebi

92. 1994 wlis 29 ivliss moldovam miiRo axali konstitucia. konstitucia

iTvaliswinebda, inter alia, rom moldova neitraluri saxelmwifoa, rom igi

krZalavs mis teritoriaze sxva qveynebis jarebis yofnas da rom

avtonomiis

statusi

SeiZleba

mieniWos

im

regionebs,

romlebic

ganTavsebulia dnestris marcxena sanapiroze (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 294-

e punqti).

93. 1994 wlis 21 oqtombers moldovam da ruseTis federaciam xeli

moaweres SeTanxmebas. SeTanxmeba exeboda ruseTis federaciis im samxedro

SenaerTebis samarTlebriv statuss, romlebic droebiT imyofebodnen

moldovis respublikis teritoriaze. SeTanxmeba iTvaliswinebda aseve

gayvanis vadebsa da xerxebs (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 296-e punqti).

SeTanxmebis me-2 muxli iTvaliswinebda, rom moldovis teritoriidan

ruseTis jarebis gayvana unda momxdariyo dnestrispireTis konfliqtis

politikuri mogvarebisa da `moldovis respublikis dnestrispireTis

regionis~ statusis dadgenis paralelurad.

xsenebuli SeTanxmeba ratificirebul ar yofila ruseTis federaciis

xelisuflebis organoebis mier da, Sesabamisad, arc arasodes Sesula

ZalaSi (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 115-e punqti).

94. ganmcxadebelTa mtkicebiT, ruseTis samSvidobo Zalebi ar inarCunebdnen

mkacr

neitralitets,

isini

mxars

uWerdnen

dnestrispireTis

warmomadgenlebs da SesaZleblobas aZlevdnen maT, SeecvalaT Zalebis

Tanafardoba, rac miRweuli iqna mxareebs Soris 1992 wlis 21 ivlisis

cecxlis Sewyvetis dros.

95. 1995 wlis 28 dekembers moldovis delegaciam Sereul sakontrolo

komisiaSi werili gaugzavna ruseTis delegacias Sereul sakontrolo

komisiaSi da protesti gamoTqva im winadadebis gamo, romelic gamoTqva

ruseTis federaciis saxmeleTo Zalebis sardlis moadgilem imasTan

dakavSirebiT, rom ruseTis samSvidobo SenaerTebis Zalaufleba da mandati

gadascemoda rod-s, rasac moldovis delegacia Tvlida 1992 wlis 21

ivlisis SeTanxmebis me-4 muxlis darRvevad. winadadeba aseve miuReblad

iqna miCneuli imis gamo rom `rod-is personali garkveulwilad

politizirebuli iyo da ar gaaCnda miukerZoebloba konfliqtSi monawile

mxareebTan mimarTebaSi~. moldovis delegaciam miuTiTa 1992 wlis 21

ivlisis SeTanxmebaSi xsenebuli neitralitetis principebis garkveul

darRvevebze. es darRvevebi moicavda: me-14 armiis mier tiraspolis

xelisuflebisaTvis garkveuli samxedro saWurvelisa da aRWurvilobis

gadacemas, `mdr~-s jarebis gawvrTnas ruseTis armiis mier da me-14 armiidan

garkveuli samxedro SenaerTebis gadasvlas `mdr~-s mxareze – magaliTad,

parkanis

gamnaRmvelTa

batalionisa,

romelic

gadaiqca

`mdr~-s

saartilerio danayofad, tiginas (benderis) simagris gadacemas `mdr~-s me-2

fexosanTa brigadisTvis an `mdr~-saTvis slobozias depos (romelic me-14

armiis batalionis xelSi iyo) gadacemas.

moldovis delegaciam yuradReba gaamaxvila im faqtze, rom `mdr~-s

samxedro SenaerTebi Seyvanili iqna usafrTxoebis zonaSi Sereuli

sakontrolo komisiis rusuli jarebis dumiliT gamoxatuli TanxmobiT.

yuradReba gamaxvilda im faqtze, rom SeiaraRebuli razmebi Seiqmna

tiginaSi (benderi), romelic gamocxadebuli iqna usafrTxoebis zonad da

rCeboda ruseTis samSvidobo Zalebis pasuxismgeblobis qveS, xolo

tiginasa (benderi) da tiraspolSi mzaddeboda iaraRi da saWurveli.

moldovis delegaciam TxovniT mimarTa Tavis mTavrobas, ganxiluliyo

dnestrispireTSi rusuli samSvidobo Zalebis mravalerovani ZalebiT

Canacvlebis SesaZlebloba gaero-s an euTo-s sistemebis farglebSi. bolos

moldovis delegaciam gamoxata imedi 1994 wlis 21 oqtombers miRweuli

SeTanxmebis swraf ganxorcielebasTan dakavSirebiT. xsenebuli SeTanxmeba

exeboda ruseTis federaciis SeiaraRebuli Zalebis gayvanas moldovas

teritoriidan.

96. 1996 wlis 17 ianvris werilSi Sereul sakontrolo komisiaSi rusuli

delegaciis xelmZRvanelma ganacxada, rom moldovis delegaciis mier 1995

wlis 28 dekembers warmodgenili magaliTebi me-14 armiis personalis

savaraudo

mikerZoebasTan

dakavSirebiT

warmoadgenda

`faqtebis

damaxinjebas~ da absoluturi sicrue iyo. rusuli delegacia Tvlida, rom

1992 wlis 21 ivlisis SeTanxmeba naTlad iTvaliswinebda rod-isaTvis im

garkveuli valdebulebebis gadacemas, romlebic gaaCnda samSvidobo

Zalebs. rusulma mxarem mosTxova moldovis delegacias poziciis

gadasinjva da misi winadadebebis xelaxla ganxilva im mimarTulebiT,

romliTac isini ruseTis Tavdacvis ministrma Camoayaliba.

97. 1997 wlis 8 maiss moskovSi b-nma lukinSCma, moldovis prezidentma, da

b-nma smirnovma, `mdr-s prezidentma~, xeli moaweres memorandums, romelic

qmnida safuZvels moldovis respublikasa da dnestrispireTs Soris

urTierTobaTa

normalizebisaTvis.

xsenebuli

SeTanxmebiT

mxareebi

apirebdnen nebismieri iseTi uTanxmoebis mogvarebas, romelic SesaZloa

warmoSobiliyo molaparakebebis periodSi, ruseTis federaciisa da

ukrainis daxmarebiT, Tuki es saWiro gaxdeboda. xsenebuli saxelmwifoebi

iyvnen

euTo-sa

da

dsT-s

farglebSi

dadebuli

SeTanxmebebis

ganxorcielebis garantebi. memorandumi xelmowerili iqna garanti

mxareebis, saxeldobr, b-ni elcinis mier ruseTis federaciis mxridan da b-

ni kuCmas mier ukrainis mxridan. dokuments xeli moawera aseve euTo-s

prezidentma b-nma h. petersonma, romelic eswreboda xelmoweras mxareebisa

da garanti saxelmwifoebis mier. memorandumis debulebebis Tanaxmad,

dnestrispireTis statuss Semdegi principebi unda dadeboda safuZvlad:

gadawyvetilebebi

orive

mxares

unda

mieRo,

Zalaufleba

unda

gadanawilebuliyo da delegirebuliyo, garantebs ki es ormxrivad unda

uzrunveleyoT. dnestrispireTs monawileoba unda mieRo moldovis

respublikis

dakavSirebuli

sagareo

urTierTobebis

ormxrivi

warmarTvaSi,

SeTanxmebis

raTa

masTan

sakiTxebi

safuZvelze

gansazRvruliyo. dnestrispireTs ufleba eZleoda, Tavad daemyarebina da

hqonoda saerTaSoriso urTierTobebi ekonomikur, samecniero, teqnikur,

kulturul da sxva sferoebSi, rac SemdgomSi ormxrivi SeTanxmebiT unda

gansazRvruliyo.

memorandumi miesalmeba ruseTis federaciisa da ukrainis miswrafebas,

imoqmedon rogorc im debulebebis Sesrulebis garantebma, romlebic

gansazRvrulia dnestrispireTis statusTan dakavSirebul memorandumSi.

mxareebma aseve daadastures Sereuli samSvidobo Zalebis mier saerTo

qmedebebis ganxorcielebis aucilebloba usafrTxoebis zonaSi, rogorc es

gansazRvrulia 1992 wlis 21 ivlisis SeTanxmebaSi. SeTanxmebaTa darRvevis

SemTxvevaSi memorandumi aseve uflebas aniWebs mxareebs, konsultaciebi

gamarTon garant mxareebTan, raTa moxdes situaciis normalizeba. da

bolos, orive mxare kisrulobs valdebulebas, daamyaron urTierToba

erTmaneTTan saerTo saxelmwifos konteqstSi _ moldaveTis ssr-s, rogorc

igi arsebobda 1990 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiT, farglebSi.

98. 1998 wlis 20 marts moldovis, dnestrispireTis, ruseTis federaciisa

da ukrainis warmomadgenlebma odesaSi (ukraina) xeli moaweres garkveul

dokumentebs, romlebic mimarTuli iyo dnestrispireTis konfliqtis

daregulirebisaken (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 123-e punqti).

99. evropis sabWos wevrebis mier nakisr valdebulebaTa da movaleobaTa

Sesrulebis saparlamento komitetis mier moldovasTan dakavSirebuli

moxsenebis proeqtze 1999 wels warmodgenil komentarebSi moldovis

mTavroba miuTiTebda, rom separatistuli xelisufleba ukanonod iRebda

iaraRs rod-is sawyobebidan `da ruseTis federaciis xelisuflebis

organoebi amaze dumiliT rTavdnen nebas, xolo maTi Zalebi ganTavsebulia

usafrTxoebis zonaSi moldovis dnestrispireTis teritoriaze~.

100. 2001 wlis 6 TebervliT daTariRebul werilSi Sereul sakontrolo

komisiaSi

moldovis

delegaciam

werili

gaugzavna

ruseTisa

da

dnestrispireTis delegaciebs da protesti gamoTqva samSvidobo Zalebis

meTaurebis mikerZoebasTan dakavSirebiT. meTaurebs brali edebodaT

dnestrispireTis SeiaraRebuli SenaerTebisaTvis usafrTxoebis zonaSi

sabrZolo aRWurvilobisa da saWurvlis Semotanaze nebarTvis micemaSi.

moldovis delegacia xazgasmiT aRniSnavda, rom xsenebuli faqtebi

dafiqsirebuli iqna xmeleTze myofi samxedro damkvirveblebis mier,

romlebmac pretenzia gamoxates ruseTis samSvidobo jarebis meTauris

mimarT, romelic arc monitorings axorcielebda da arc aRkveTda

usafrTxoebis zonaSi SeiaraRebis arsebobas da amgvarad Cirqs scxebda

samSvidobo Zalebis mandatsa da statuss. bolos moldovis delegacia

aRniSnavda, rom situaciisadmi aseTi midgoma rusi samSvidoboebis mxridan

warmoadgenda dnestrispireTis mxaris waxalisebas.

ruseTis mTavroba amtkicebda, rom samSvidobo Zalebi pativs scemdnen

neitralitetis princips, rac moTxovnili iyo 1992 wlis 21 ivlisis

SeTanxmebiT.

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs mowmis Cvenebas, romelic micemuli iqna ruseTis

samSvidobo Zalebis meTauris polkovnik averevis mier (ix. danarTi, punqti

368), imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom ruseTis samSvidobo jarebi asrulebdnen

SeTanxmebas. mowme aseve acxadebda, rom man ar icoda aranairi ukanono

qmedebebis Sesaxeb, romlebic savaraudod ganaxorciela dnestrispireTis

mxarem ruseTis jarebis mier kontrolirebad zonaSi.

Tumca sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom am mtkicebis sawinaaRmdegod moipoveba

Sereuli sakontrolo komisiis oficialuri dokumentebi, romlebic

detalurad

adasturebs,

rom

ruseTis

samSvidobo

Zalebis

mier

kontrolirebad sxvadasxva teritoriaze, rogoric iyo, magaliTad, tigina

(benderi), dnestrispireTis separatistuli Zalebi arRvevdnen cecxlis

Sewyvetis SeTanxmebas.

mxedvelobaSi iRebs ra Sereuli sakontrolo komisiis dokumentebis

oficialur xasiaTs da maTSi asaxuli informaciis Tanmimdevrulobas,

sasamarTlo sakmarisad naTlad da dadgenilad miiCnevs, rom ruseTis

federaciis

Zalebis

pasuxismgeblobis

qveS

myof

teritoriaze

dnestrispireTis mxare ar axorcielebda im valdebulebebs, romlebic 1992

wlis 21 ivlisis SeTanxmebidan gamomdinareobda.

101. 2001 wlis 16 aprils moldovisa da ruseTis federaciis prezidentebma,

b-nma voroninma da b-nma putinma, xeli moaweres erTobliv deklaracias,

romlis me-5 punqtis Tanaxmad:

`prezidentebi

mxars

uWeren

dnestrispireTis

konfliqtis

mxolod

mSvidobiani gziT mogvarebas, rac damyarebuli unda iyos moldovis

teritoriuli mTlianobisa da adamianis uflebaTa pativiscemis principze~.

102. 2001 wlis

gaanalizebulia

4

seqtembriT daTariRebul dokumentSi, romelSic

moldovis dnestrispireTis regionSi konfliqtis

mSvidobiani gziT mogvarebis principebTan dakavSirebiT moldova-ruseTs

Soris dadebul 1998 wlis 20 martis SeTanxmebis ganxorcieleba, Sereul

sakontrolo komisiaSi moldovis delegaciam mianiSna dnestrispireTis

mxaris mier nakisri valdebulebebis Seusruleblobaze: man Seqmna axali

samxedro SenaerTebi, Seitana iaraRi usafrTxoebis zonaSi da Seqmna

saguSagoebi. moldovis delegaciam SeSfoTeba gamoxata im faqtTan

dakavSirebiT, rom Sereulma samxedro xelmZRvanelobam raime nabiji ki ar

gadadga, raTa bolo moeRo xsenebuli situaciisaTvis, aramed mxolod

faqtebis

konstatirebas

axdenda.

moldovis

delegacia

gamovida

winadadebiT, rom imisaTvis, rom momxdariyo mxareebis mier nakisr

valdebulebaTa Sesrulebis uzrunvelyofa, moldovisa da ruseTis sagareo

saqmeTa ministrebs ganexilaT konkretul RonisZiebaTa ganxorcielebis

sakiTxi. da bolos, moldovis delegaciam wamoWra winadadeba, rom

samxedro damkvirveblis funqcia usafrTxoebis zonaSi euTo-s gadascemoda.

103. 2003 wlis martSi dnestrispireTSi ruseTis samSvidobo ZalebSi

Sedioda 292 jariskaci, 17 javSan-manqana da 29 sxva manqana da 164 avtomati.

dReisaTvis, sasamarTlosTvis micemuli Cvenebis Tanaxmad (ix. danarTi:

polkovniki zverevi, punqti 367), arc erTi jariskaci me-14 armiis an rod-is

Semadgenlobidan ar msaxurobs rusul samSvidobo ZalebSi.

104. dnestrispireTis mxaresTan Sexvedrebi grZeldeba, raTa ganxiluli

iqnes sxvadasxva aspeqtebi dnestrispireTis konfliqtTan dakavSirebiT

gamosavlis ZiebaSi.

105. xsenebul molaparakebebze moldovis mxare arwmunebda dnestrispireTis

mxares,

Seeqmna

komisia,

romelic

ganixilavda

dnestrispireTis

sasamarTlos mier msjavrdebul im pirTa Sewyalebis SesaZleblobas,

romlebic msjavrdebis Sedegad patimrobaSi imyofebodnen dnestrispireTSi

(ix. danarTi: b-ni sturca, punqtebi 309, 312 da 318).

106. erT-erTi sakiTxi, romelic regularulad ixileboda molaparakebebis

dros da Setanili iyo gansaxilvel sakiTxTa nusxaSi, iyo imuniteti

gamoZiebisagan, romelsac iTxovda dnestrispireTis mxare dnestrispireTis

administraciis samoqalaqo moxeleebisa da oficialuri pirebisaTvis (ix.

danarTi: b-ni sturca, punqti 446).

107. 2002 wlis Semdeg euTo-s, moldovis prezidentisa da ruseTis

prezidentis

mier

SemoTavazebuli

iqna

moldovis

federalur

saxelmwifod Camoyalibebis ramdenime gegma.

108. euTo-s daxmarebiT warmarTuli uaxlesi molaparakebebi emyareboda

winadadebebs, romelTa mizani iyo federaluri saxelmwifos Seqmna, sadac

dnestrispireTi isargeblebda avtonomiis statusiT.

109. 2003 wlis

4

aprils dnestrispireTis mxaresTan molaparakebis

konteqstSi moldovis parlamentma miiRo oqmi, romelic exeboda moldovis

federaluri konstituciis proeqtis Seqmnis meqanizms.

110. moldovaSi euTo-s misiis mier gamoqveynebuli presrelizis Tanaxmad,

Sereuli komisiis pirveli Sexvedra gaimarTa 2003 wlis 24 aprils

moldovaSi

euTo-s

StabbinaSi.

Sexvedris

dros

miRebuli

iqna

gadawyvetileba, rom saboloo teqsti mzad unda yofiliyo 2003 wlis

oqtombrisaTvis, ise, rom axali konstitucia wardgenoda mTel moldovel

xalxs, raTa SemdgomSi miRebuliyo referendumis gziT, romelic

gaimarTeboda 2004 wlis TebervalSi.

b. 1992 wlis 21 ivlisis Semdgom periodSi ruseTis federaciis armiisa da

personalis yofna dnestrispireTSi

1. rod-is jarebi da aRWurviloba dnestrispireTSi

(a) ruseTis federaciis mier konvenciis ratificirebamde

111. rogorc 1992 wlis 21 ivlisis SeTanxmebis me-4 muxliT iqna

gansazRvruli, moldovam da ruseTis federaciam diwyes molaparakebebi

moldovis teritoriidan rod-is gayvanisa da gayvanis periodSi misi

statusis Sesaxeb.

1994 wels ruseTma wamoWra winadadeba, rom rod-is gayvana unda damTxveoda

dnestrispireTis konfliqtis mogvarebas (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 93-e

punqti), da moldova daeTanxma xsenebul winadadebas, romelsac miuReblad

Tvlida, mxolod ruseTis daJinebuli moTxovnisa da ruseTis darwmunebis

Semdeg, xeli Seewyo ilaSkus jgufis swrafad gaTavisuflebisTvis (ix. Y,

punqti 254).

2004 wlis 12 Tebervlis presrelizSi moldovis sagareo saqmeTa

saministrom

ganacxada,

rom

moldovis

xelisuflebis

organoebi

kategoriulad winaaRmdegni iyvnen dnestrispireTis konfliqtis mogvarebis

da ruseTis jarebis moldovis teritoriidan gayvanis paraleluri

reJimisa da rom isini moiTxovdnen ruseTis jarebis srul da upirobo

gayvanas, rac gaTvaliswinebuli iyo euTo-s gadawyvetilebebiT (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 124-e punqti), gansakuTrebiT ki imis mxedvelobaSi

miRebiT, rom euTo-s wevrma saxelmwifoebma Seqmnes fondi, romelic

dakavSirebuli iyo gayvanis sakiTxis dafinansebasTan.

112. 1994 wlis 21 oqtombris SeTanxmebis (`pirveli SeTanxmeba~) me-2 muxli

iTvaliswinebda ruseTis mier Tavisi sajariso SenaerTebis gayvanas

SeTanxmebis ZalaSi Sesvlidan 3 wlis ganmavlobaSi, gayvanis procesi ki

dadgenil

droSi

unda

damTxveoda

dnestrispireTSi

konfliqtis

daregulirebas da `moldovis respublikis dnestrispireTis regionis~

specialuri statusis gansazRvras (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 296-e punqti).

rac Seexeba ruseTis jarebis saboloo gayvanis etapebsa da TariRs, me-2

muxlis Tanaxmad, es unda gansazRvruliyo calke oqmiT, romelic unda

dadebuliyo Tavdacvis ministrebs Soris.

113. SeTanxmebis me-5 muxlis Tanaxmad, nebismieri tipis im sabrZolo

teqnikis, iaraRisa Tu saWurvlis gayidva, romelic ekuTvnoda moldovis

teritoriaze myof ruseTis federaciis Zalebs, SesaZlebeli iyo

ganxorcielebuliyo mxolod or mTavrobas Soris dadebuli SeTanxmebis

Sedegad.

114. SeTanxmebis me-7 muxlis Tanaxmad, tiraspolis samxedro aerodromi

erToblivad unda gamoeyenebinaT rod-isa da `moldovis respublikis

dnestrispireTis regionis samoqalaqo~ aviaciebs. meore SeTanxmeba,

romelic daido 1994 wlis 21 oqtombers moldovisa da ruseTis Tavdacvis

ministrebs

Soris

(`meore

SeTanxmeba~),

emsaxureboda

tiraspolis

aerodromis

marTvas.

magaliTad,

xsenebuli

SeTanxmebis

Tanaxmad,

tiraspolis aerodromze frena unda ganxorcielebuliyo `moldovis

respublikis dnestrispireTis regionis samoqalaqo aviaciisa da ruseTis

federaciis sabrZolo danayofebisaTvis gankuTvnili aviaciis droebiTi

wesebis~ Tanaxmad, rac xorcieldeboda moldovis saxelmwifos samoqalaqo

aviaciasa

da

ruseTis

federaciis

Tavdacvis

saministros

Soris

koordinirebuli qmedebebiT (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 297-e punqti).

115. 1994 wlis 9 noembers moldovis mTavrobam miiRo gadawyvetileba,

ganexorcielebina SeTanxmeba moldovis teritoriidan ruseTis jarebis

gayvanasTan dakavSirebiT. daudgenel dRes ruseTis federaciis mTavrobam

gadawyvita, waredgina SeTanxmeba dumisaTvis ratificirebis mizniT. 1998

wlis 17 noembers, radganac 1994 wlis 21 oqtombris pirveli SeTanxmeba

kidev ar iyo ratificirebuli dumis mier, ruseTis federaciis sagareo

saqmeTa ministrma TxovniT mimarTa dumas, amoeRo sakiTxi gansaxilvel

sakiTxTa siidan, vinaidan `saministros nebismieri gadawyvetileba sakiTxis

gadasinjvasTan dakavSirebiT damokidebuli iyo moldovis respublikasa da

dnestrispireTis regionTan urTierTobebis ganviTarebaze da xsenebul

teritoriaze konfliqtis politikur mogvarebaze. 1999 wlis ianvarSi

SeTanxmeba amoRebuli iqna dumis mier gansaxilvel sakiTxTa siidan. igi

jerac ar Sesula ZalaSi.

meore SeTanxmeba damtkicda mxolod moldovis mTavrobis mier 1994 wlis 9

noembers.

116. moldovis mTavrobam xazi gausva, rom sityvebi `dnestrispireTis

regionis samoqalaqo aviacia~, romlebic Sedioda ruseTis federaciasTan

dadebul SeTanxmebaSi, ganmartebuli unda yofiliyo, rogorc miniSneba

xelisuflebis adgilobrivi mmarTvelobis konstituciur organoebze,

romlebic pasuxismgebelni iyvnen xelisuflebis centraluri organoebis

winaSe da xsenebuli dasaxeleba ar igulisxmebda dnestrispireTis

separatistul reJims.

ruseTis mTavrobis mtkicebiT, aRniSnuli sityvebi niSnavda amJamindel

xelisuflebis organoebs, romlebic gamodiodnen rogorc adgilobrivi

biznes-partniorebi. ruseTis xelisufleba amtkicebda, rom xsenebuli ar

niSnavda `mdr~-s raime saxiT oficialur Tu politikur aRiarebas.

117. sasamarTlo pirvel rigSi aRniSnavs, rom 1994 wlis 21 oqtombris arc

erTi xelSekruleba ar Sesula ZalaSi ruseTis mier ratificirebis

ganuxorcieleblobis gamo.

Semdeg sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom rod-is sardlis b-ni sergeevis mowmis

Cvenebis Tanaxmad, tiraspolis aerodromi gamoiyeneba Tavisufali sivrcis

saxiT rogorc ruseTis samxedro jarebis, aseve dnestrispireli

separatistebis mier. cis sivrce kontroldeba moldova-ukrainis sahaero

marSrutebis kontroliorebis mier. rogorc gairkva, ruseTis sahaero

xomalds ar SeuZlia arc afrena da arc dafrena tiraspolis aerodromze

moldovis xelisuflebis organoebis mier gacemuli nebarTvis gareSe.

frenis usafrTxoeba tiraspolis aerodromze xorcieldeba ruseTis

Zalebis mier ruseTis sahaero xomaldis afrena-dafrenasTan da xmeleTze

gaCerebasTan dakavSirebiT da dnestrispireli separatistebis mier maT

sahaero xomaldebTan mimarTebaSi. arc rod-is xelmZRvaneloba da arc

rusi samSvidobo Zalebi ar erevian imaSi, Tu rogor iyeneben

dnestrispireli separatistebi tiraspolis aerodroms. Tavis mxriv,

dnestrispireli separatistebi ar erevian imaSi, Tu rogor iyeneben

ruseTis jarebi aerodroms (ix. danarTi: generli sergeevi, punqti 340).

118. b-ni iuri pinteas kvlevidan `moldovis respublikis aRmosavleT

regionis

sazogadoebrivi

samxedro

aspeqtebi~

(romelic

2001

gamoaqveyna

wlis

moldovis

da

politikis

institutma

agvistoSi

sasamarTlos ganmcxadeblebma warudgines) Cans, rom `mdr~-s samxedro

formirebebma kontroli daaweses sakontrolo koSkuraze da tiraspolis

aerodromis teqnikur danadgarebze, rac arRvevda 1994 wlis 21 oqtombris

SeTanxmebas, maSin, rodesac aerodromis rod-is nawili gamoiyeneboda ara

daniSnulebisamebr, rogorc es Cawerili iyo SeTanxmebaSi, magaliTad,

dnestrispireTSi rusi politikosebis vizitisa da iaraRiT vaWrobisa da

gadazidvisaTvis.

procesis

sxva

mxareebs

ar

gaukeTebiaT

komentari

zemoxsenebul

informaciasTan dakavSirebiT.

119. pirveli SeTanxmebis me-13 muxlis Tanaxmad, nebismieri sacxovrebeli,

barakebi, avtoparki, sasroli poligoni da manqanebze damontaJebuli

danadgarebi, sawyobebi da ruseTis federaciis samxedro SenaerTebis

gasvlis Semdeg iq darCenili gamouyenebeli xelsawyoebi unda gadaeceT

`moldovis respublikis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebs~ imave

raodenobiT, ra raodenobiTac isini de facto arsebobs. SeTanxmebis Tanaxmad,

aseve ruseTis samxedroebisaTvis kuTvnili uZravi qonebis gadacema-

gayidvis wesebi unda gansazRvruliyo am mizniT mxareebis mTavrobebs

Soris dadebuli SeTanxmebiT.

120. SeTanxmebis 17-e muxlis Tanaxmad, moldovis teritoriidan dadgenil

vadebSi ruseTis federaciis samxedro nawilebis gayvanis uzrunvelyofisa

da ruseTSi axal sacxovrebelze maTi efeqturad ganTavsebis mizniT

moldovis respublikas moeTxova garkveuli Tanxebis Tavis Tavze aReba

ruseTis federaciaSi teritoriis SigniT sacxovrebeli saxlebis agebisa

da maTi dadgmisaTvis.

121. 1996 wlis mosazreba #3-Si, romelic exeboda ruseTis federaciis

daSvebas evropis sabWoSi, evropis sabWos saparlamento asambleam aRniSna

is

miswrafeba,

romelic

gamoxata

ruseTis

federaciam:

`moexdina

xelmoweridan 6 Tvis vadaSi 1994 wels ruseT-moldovis mTavrobebs Soris

dadebuli SeTanxmebis ratificireba da ganegrZo me-14 armiisa da misi

saWurvlis gamotana moldovis teritoriidan SeTanxmebis xelmoweridan 3

wlis vadaSi.

122. 1996 wlis 30 agvistos moxsenebaSi ruseTis federaciis generaluri

prokuraturis mTavarma samxedro prokurorma, general-leitenantma g.n.

nosovma, aRniSna, rom rod-Si sabrZolo arWurvilobis gankargvasTan

dakavSirebiT Cadenili iqna kanondarRvevebi da ukanono qmedebebi. kerZod,

man

aRniSna

arasakmarisi

zedamxedveloba,

ramac

xeli

Seuwyo

uflebamosilebis borotad gamoyenebasa da qurdobas, gadawyvetilebebis

Seusruleblobas, rac gulisxmobda dnestrispireTis liderebisaTvis

xmarebidan

amoRebuli

avtomanqanebis

ufasod

gadacemas,

rod-is

sawyobebidan samxedro inJinrebis gamogonebebis gadacemas dnestrispireTis

liderebisaTvis, ris Semdegac am ukanasknelebma moiTxoves gadacemul

nivTTa raodenobis gazrda da `mdr~-saTvis nebarTvis gareSe ramdenime

aseuli erTeuli teqnikisa da ramdenime aseuli tona aRWurvilobis

gadacema.

Sesabamisad, mTavarma samxedro prokurorma TxovniT mimarTa ruseTis

federaciis Tavdacvis ministrs, gadaedga damatebiTi nabijebi, raTa bolo

moReboda kanonis darRvevas rod-Si, da ganexila general-leitenant e-sa

da general-maior d-saTvis disciplinaruli sasjelis dakisrebis sakiTxi

dakisrebul valdebulebebze efeqturi kontrolis ganuxorcieleblobisa

da gulgrilobisaTvis. Tavdacvis ministrs eTxova ganxorcielebuli

RonisZiebebis Sedegebis moxseneba.

123. 1998 wlis 20 marts, sxva dokumentebs Soris, romlebic exeboda

dnestrispireTSi

situaciis

daregulirebas,

odesaSi

(ukraina)

xelmowerili iqna SeTanxmeba me-14 armiis samxedro faseulobebTan

dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis Sesaxeb. xelmomwerebi iyvnen ruseTis mxridan b-

ni Cernomirdini, xolo `mdr-s mxridan – prezidenti~ b-ni smirnovi.

SeTanxmebaze TandarTuli grafikis mixedviT, garkveuli sawyobebis gatana

da daSla, rac unda ganxorcielebuliyo afeTqebiT an sxva meqanikuri

procesebiT, unda damTavrebuliyo 2001 wlis 31 dekembrisaTvis; sxva

pirobebTan erTad, es damokidebuli iyo moldovis xelisuflebis

organoebis, kerZod, `dnestrispireTis regionis xelisuflebis organoebis~

nebarTvaze.

zedmeti saWurvlis da rod-is sxva aRWurvilobis gatana (gadacema da

daSla) dagegmili iyo ara ugvianes 2002 wlis 31 dekembrisa. rod-is

standartuli SeiaraRebisa da im personalis gayvana, romelic ar Sedioda

samSvidobo jarebSi, unda damTavrebuliyo 2002 wlis 31 agvistosaTvis im

pirobiT, rom saWurvlisa da sxva aRWurvilobis gatanis procesi ruseTSi

im droisaTvis dasruldeboda, rom sxva aRWurviloba gadatanili an

daSlil iqneboda da rom moldova Seasrulebda masze 1994 wlis 21

oqtombers xelmowerili SeTanxmebiT dakisrebul valdebulebebs.

(b) ruseTis federaciis mier konvenciis ratificirebis Semdeg

124. 1999 wlis 19 noembers stambulSi gamarTul samitze euTo-s

saxelmwifoTa da mTavrobaTa meTaurebma mianiSnes, rom isini moelodnen

`moldovidan ruseTis federaciis jarebis rac SeiZleba droul, saTanado

da srul gayvanas~ da miesalmnen ruseTis federaciis mier nakisr

valdebulebas, srulad gaeyvana jarebi moldovis teritoriidan 2002 wlis

bolosaTvis. bolos aRiniSna, rom saerTaSoriso SemfasebelTa misia mzad

iyo, dauyovnebliv mivleniliyo rusuli aRWurvilobisa da SeiaraRebis

gatana-ganadgurebaze Tvalyuris sadevneblad.

125. evropis sabWos saparlamento asambleisTvis 1999 wels wardgenil

komentarebSi moldovis mTavroba amtkicebda, rom im dRisaTvis ruseTis

federaciis xelisuflebis mier warmodgenili cifrebi sawyobebSi Senaxul

rod-is SeiaraRebasTan da aRWurvilobasTan dakavSirebiT Seadgenda 42 000

tonas, magram SeuZlebeli iyo xsenebuli monacemebis sisworis Semowmeba,

radgan ruseTis fedraciis xelisuflebis organoebi da dnestrispireTis

separatistebi uars acxadebdnen Semfasebel misiasTan dakavSirebiT

Tanxmobis gamoTqmaze.

moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi yuradRebas amaxvilebdnen im faqtze,

rom rod-is personalis nebismieri gayvana, rasac Tan ar axlda rod-is

sawyobebSi arsebuli uamravi iaraRis gatana, zrdida imis risks, rom

xsenebul iaraRs xelSi Caigdebdnen dnestrispireli separatistebi.

126. rod-is kuTvnili iaraRiT datvirTuli ramdenime eSeloni gayvanili

iqna 1999-2002 wlebSi.

127. 2001 wlis 15 ivniss ruseTis federaciam da dnestrispireTma xeli

moaweres oqms, romelic exeboda erTobliv saqmianobas iaraRis, samxedro

teqnologiisa da saWurvelis gamoyenebaSi.

128. 2001 wlis 19 noembers ruseTis mTavrobam sasamarTlos warudgina

dokumenti, romelic warmoaCenda, rom 2001 wlis oqtomberSi ruseTis

federaciam da `mdr~-m xeli moaweres SeTanxmebas ruseTis jarebis gayvanis

Sesaxeb. xsenebuli SeTanxmebis Tanaxmad, imis asanazRaureblad, rom

dnestrispireTSi ganTavsebuli ruseTis samxedro aRWurvilobis nawili

tovebda dnestrispireTs, `mdr~-s 100 milioni aSS dolariT Seumcirda

ruseTis federaciidan importirebuli gazis fasi da dnestrispireTis

mxares aRWurvilobis gatanis procesSi aseve gadaeca rod-is mier

aRWurvilobis is nawili, romlis CatvirTvac SesaZlebeli iqneboda

samoqalaqo manqanaSi.

129. 2002 wlis noemberSi sasamarTlos winaSe moldovis mTavrobis mier

warmodgenili

dokumentis

Tanaxmad,

maRalteqnologiuri

iaraRi,

aRWurviloba da samxedro saWurveli, romelic ekuTvnoda rod-s da

gatanili iqna moldovis respublikidan 2002 wlis noemberSi 1994 wlis 21

oqtombris SeTanxmebis safuZvelze, warmoadgenda mxolod 15%-s im

raodenobisa, rac 1994 wlis gancxadebis Tanaxmad rCeboda moldovis

teritoriaze.

130. euTo-s presrelizis Tanaxmad, 2002 wlis 24 dekembers gatanili iqna

xidis samSeneblo masalebiTa da savele samzareulos nawilebiT

datvirTuli 29 sarkinigzo vagoni.

imave presrelizSi mocemuli iyo rod-is sardlis, general boris

sergeevis gancxadeba imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom aRWurvilobis bolo

gatana moxerxda dnestrispireTis mxaresTan SeTanxmebis safuZvelze,

romlis Sesabamisadac dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebs unda

mieRoT arasamxedro xasiaTis aRWurvilobis naxevari. generalma sergeevma

magaliTad moiyvana 2002 wlis 16 dekembers aRWurvilobis gatana, rasac

Sedegad mohyva rod-is kuTvnili 77 satvirTo manqanis gadacema

dnestrispireTis mxarisaTvis.

131. 2001 wlis ivnisSi sasamarTlosaTvis ruseTis mTavrobis mier

wardgenili informaciis Tanaxmad, rod-s kvlav gaaCnda sajariso SenaerTi,

romelic iTvlida 2200 jariskacs dnestrispireTSi. Tavisi mowmis CvenebaSi

generali sergeevi amtkicebda, rom 2002 wels rod-is jariskacebis

raodenoba Semcirda 1500 jariskacamde (ix. danarTi, punqti 338).

sasamarTlos ar miuRia raime naTeli informacia dnestrispireTSi

darCenili iaraRisa da sawyobebSi Senaxuli rod-is iaraRis Sesaxeb.

ganmcxadebelTa mtkicebiT da mowmeTa Cvenebebis Tanaxmad, romlebic

moipoves sasamarTlos delegatebma (ix. danarTi: b-ni sneguri, punqti 235),

2003 wels rod-s gaaCnda sul mcire 200 000 tona sabrZolo saWurveli da

aRWurviloba dnestrispireTSi, kerZod, kolbasnaSi.

2001 wlis ivnisSi ruseTis mTavrobis mier warmodgenili informaciis

Tanaxmad, rac ar gamxdara sadavo sxva mxareebis mier, rod-s aseve gaaCnda

Semdegi aRWurviloba: 106 sabrZolo tanki, 42 javSan-manqana, 109 javSan-

gadamyvani, 54 javSan-sadazvervo manqana, 123 zarbazani da naRmmtyorcni, 206

tanksawinaaRmdego

danadgari,

226

haersawinaaRmdego

danadgari,

9

Sveulmfreni da 1648 sxvadasxva tipis manqana.

2. urTierTobebi rod-sa da `mdr~-s Soris

132. rod-is Semadgenloba da mimagrebuli samxedro prokurorebi da

mosamarTleebi ar iRebdnen raime konkretul miTiTebas dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis organoebTan urTierTobebis warmarTvis Sesaxeb (ix.

danarTi: vice-polkovniki Samaevi, punqti 374).

133. rod-is personals SeeZlo Tavisuflad emoZrava dnestrispireTis

teritoriaze. jarebis an aRWurvilobis gayvanis win rod-i acnobebda

dnestrispireTis

gadaadgilebebi

xelisuflebis

iwvevda incidentebs,

organoebs.

zogjer

iyo,

xsenebuli

magaliTad,

rogoric

dnestrispirelTa mxridan rod-is 3 avtomanqanis konfiskacia (ix. danarTi:

vice-polkovniki radzaeviCusi, punqti 363, da vice-polkovniki Samaevi,

punqti 376). aseT SemTxvevebSi da raime saxis instruqciebis ararsebobis

pirobebSi rod-is xelmZRvaneloba cdilobda molaparakebas pirdapir

dnestrispireTis xelisufebis organoebTan. ruseTis federaciaSi moqmedi

samarTlebrivi debulebebis Sesabamisad, rod-is sagamoZiebo organoebi ar

arian uflebamosilni, saqmeebi pirdapir gadascen moldovis xelisuflebis

organoebs, romlebsac gaaCniaT iurisdiqcia dnestrispireTis teritoriaze;

nebismieri qurdoba an sxva saxis danaSauli, romelic Cadenili iqneboda

dnestrispireTis moqalaqis mier rod-is winaaRmdeg, unda moxseneboda rod-

is xelisuflebis organoebis mier ruseTis federaciis xelisuflebis

organoebs, radganac maT SeeZloT saqmis gadacema moldovis xelisuflebis

organoebisaTvis.

praqtikaSi

organoebi iZiebdnen.

am

tipis

danaSaulebs

dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis

gamoeZiebinaT

134.

rod-is

gamomZieblebs

gaaCndaT uflebamosileba,

danaSaulebi, romlebic Cadenili iyo rod-is personalis mier an maTi

TanamonawileobiT, magram mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki danaSaulSi

monawileobdnen erTeuli jariskacebi. Tumca am tipis arc erTi saqme ar

yofila warmarTuli (ix. danarTi: vice-polkovniki levitski, punqti 371, da

b-ni timoSenko, punqti 379).

135. ruseTis mTavrobis mier sasamarTlosaTvis wardgenili dokumentaciis

Tanaxmad, rod-is aRWurviloba da mowyobilobebi, romlebic samoqalaqo

gamoyenebis sagnebi iyo, gadaeca `mdr~-s. magaliTad, Senoba, romelSic

ganmcxadeblebi iyvnen patimrobaSi 1992 wels, me-14 armiis mier gadaeca

dnestrispireTis separatistebs 1998 wels. mowmeTa Cvenebis Tanaxmad, b-ni

timoSenkos mier micemuli Cveneba axla gamoiyeneba `mdr-s sagamoZiebo

samsaxurebis mier~ (ix. danarTi, punqti 380).

136. b-ni iurie pinteas mier warmarTuli kvlevis Sedegad (ix. winamdebare

ganaCenis 118-e punqti) kolbasnas samxedro sawyobi 1994 wels gaiyo or

nawilad; erTi nawili miekuTvna `mdr~-s da am ukanasknelma iq ganaTavsa

aRWurvilobis sawyobi Tavisi armiisaTvis. avtori aRniSnavs, rom im

droisaTvis, rodesac misi kvleva gamoqveynda 2001 wels, `mdr~-s uSiSroeba

gaZlierda `mdr~-s armiis me-300 Zlieri motorizebuli fexosanTa

brigadiT,

tanksawinaaRmdego

romlis

SeiaraRebaSic

danadgarebi da

Sedioda

naRmmtyorcnebi,

javSan-manqanebi,

agreTve,

haersawinaaRmdego batarea, romelic aseve mTlianobaSi akontrolebda

sawyobebSi Sesvla-gasvlas.

g. ruseTis federaciasa da dnestrispireTs Soris arsebuli ekonomikuri,

politikuri da sxva saxis urTierTobebi

1. ruseTis fedraciis mier konvenciis ratificirebamde 1998 wlis 5 maiss

137. presaSi gamoqveynebuli gancxadebidan, romelic dauTariRebeli iyo,

warmodgenili iqna sasamarTlos winaSe da ar gamxdara sadavo mxareebis

mier, Cans, rom ruseTis federaciis maSindeli vice-prezidenti aRiarebda

`dnestrispireTis

legitimurobas~.

marcxena

sanapiroze

Seqmnili

gaerTianebis

138. dauTariRebel satelevizio gamosvlaSi, romelic asaxa presam,

ganmcxadeblebma sasamarTlos warudgines da ar gamxdara sadavo mxareebis

mier, ruseTis federaciis prezidentma b-nma elcinma ganacxada: `ruseTma

aRmouCina daxmareba, amJamadac mxarSi udgas da momavalSic daexmareba

dnestrispireTis regions~.

139. konfliqtis damTavrebis Semdeg me-14 armiis ufrosi oficrebi

monawileobdnen dnestrispireTis sajaro cxovrebaSi. kerZod, me-14 armiis

jariskacebma

monawileoba

miiRes

dnestrispireTis

arCevnebSi,

dnestrispireTis samxedro aRlumebSi da sxvadasxva sajaro movlenebSi.

saqmeSi arsebuli dokumentebi da ramdenime mowmis (romlebic aRniSnul

sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT erTsulovanni iyvnen da maTi Cveneba mxareebs

sadavo ar gauxdiaT) mtkicebulebebi warmoaCens, rom 1993 wlis 11

seqtembers generali lebedi, rod-is sardali, arCeuli iqna `mdr~-s

umaRlesi sabWos wevrad (ix. danarTi: b-ni ilaSku, punqti 26, da b-ni uritu,

punqti 72; X, punqti 220).

140. ganmcxadebelTa mtkicebiT, ruseTis federaciis sakonsulo gaixsna

dnestrispireTis teritoriaze, rod-is teritoriaze moldovis mxaresTan

da xelisuflebis organoebTan SeTanxmebis gareSe. sxvadasxva movlenebi,

maT Soris, xmis micemac xorcieldeboda aRniSnul dawesebulebaSi.

ruseTis mTavroba uaryofda dnestrispireTis teritoriaze ruseTis

sakonsulos moqmedebas.

2004 wlis 27 Tebervals moldovis sagareo saqmeTa saministrom kiSiniovSi

ruseTis federaciis saelCos gaugzavna nota, romelSic moldovis

xelisufleba SeSfoTebas gamoTqvamda im faqtis gamo, rom ruseTis

federaciis xelisuflebis organoebma gaxsnes 17 saarCevno ubani

dnestrispireTis teritoriaze 2004 wlis 17 martis saprezidento

arCevnebisaTvis moldovis xelisuflebis organoebTan SeTanxmebis gareSe

da rom amgvari qmedebiT Seqmnes arasasurveli precedenti. notaSi aseve

naTqvami iyo, rom adgilebi, sadac sasurveli iqneboda saarCevno ubnebis

gaxsna, iyo tiraspolSi mdebare rod-is Stabbina, tiginaSi (benderi)

mdebare samSvidoboebis Stabbina da kiSiniovSi mdebare ruseTis saelCo da

moZravi saarCevno ubnebi.

141. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom ganmcxadeblebis mtkicebis garda ar

arsebobs araviTari mtkicebuleba tiraspolSi ruseTis sakonsulos

arsebobasTan dakavSirebiT, romelic awarmoebda Cveulebriv sakonsulo

funqciebs da Ria iqneboda yvela dnestrispirelisaTvis, romelsac hqonda

an survili eqneboda, moepovebina ruseTis moqlaqeoba. damatebiT unda

aRiniSnos, rom arc erT mowmes, romlebmac Cveneba misces moldovaSi, ar

SeeZlo daedasturebina xsenebuli mtkiceba. Sesabamisi gamamyarebeli

argumentaciis uqonlobis pirobebSi sasamarTlo gonivrul eWvs miRma

dadgenilad ver miiCnevs, rom ruseTis sakonsulo mudmivad gaxsnilia

tiraspolSi yvela dnestrispirelisaTvis, romlebic floben an surT

miiRon ruseTis moqalaqeoba.

meores mxriv, sasamarTlo dadgenilad miiCnevs, rom adgilze arsebuli

saarCevno ubnebi gaxsnili iyo dnestrispireTis teritoriaze ruseTis

xelisuflebis organoebis mier moldovis xelisuflebis nebarTvis gareSe.

ganmcxadeblebis mier warmodgenil, presaSi gamoqveynebul statiebTan

dakavSirebiT, romlebic asaxavdnen ruseTis federaciis sakonsulos

arsebobas rod-is teritoriaze, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom xsenebuli

statiebi ar aris gamyarebuli sxva mtkicebulebebiT. Tumca ruseTis

mTavrobam ar uaryo aseTi dawesebulebebis arseboba. sasamarTlos miaCnia,

rom dnestrispireTis teritoriaze ganTavsebuli rod-is specialuri

mdgomareobis gaTvaliswinebiT gonivrulia, rom praqtikuli mizezebis gamo

sakonsulo unda gaxsniliyo rod-is teritoriaze, raTa rus jariskacebs

miscemodaT SesaZlebloba, moegvarebinaT is problemebi, romlebsac

zogadad ganixilavs xolme sakonsulo.

142. ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom 1992 wlis 12 marts ruseTis

centralurma bankma gaxsna ramdenime angariSi dnestrispireTis bankSi.

mxareebi sadavos ar xdian xsenebuli informaciis namdvilobas.

143. 1995 wlis 17 noembris #1334 dadgenilebaSi ruseTis federaciis dumam

dnestrispireTi gamoacxada `ruseTis strategiuli interesebis zonad~.

144. ruseTi federaciis cnobili politikosebi adasturebdnen sxvadasxva

dros TavianT mxardaWeras dnestrispireTisadmi. dumis warmomadgenlebi da

ruseTis federaciis sxva cnobili pirebi Cadiodnen dnestrispireTSi da iq

monawileobdnen oficialur RonisZiebebSi.

Tavis mxriv, `mdr~-s reJimis warmomadgenlebi Cadiodnen oficialuri

vizitebiT moskovSi, gansakuTrebiT ki xSirad stumrobdnen dumas.

145. ganmcxadeblebi aseve amtkicebdnen, rom konfliqtidan ramdenime wlis

Semdeg dnestrispireTis reJimis SeqmnisaTvis ruseTis xelisuflebis

organoebis mxardaWera sajarod iqna dadasturebuli satelevizio

programaSi, romelic daudgenel dRes gavida rusul arxze «ТВ Центр»,

sadac b-ni voroninisagan, b-ni smirnovisa da b-ni xazbulatovisagan aiRes

interviuebi. programis ganmavlobaSi b-ni xazbulatovi, romelic ruseTis

parlamentis Tavmjdomare iyo 1991-1993 wlebSi, acxadebda, rom rodesac

naTeli gaxda moldovis mier ruseTis gavlenis sferodan gasvla, `iq

Seiqmna administraciul-teritoriuli anklavi~. imave programaSi b-nma

voroninma, moldovis prezidentma, ganacxada, rom ruseTis yofili

prezidenti, b-ni elcini, mxars uWerda b-n smirnovs, raTa es ukanaskneli

gamoeyenebina kiSiniovis demokratiuli reJimis winaaRmdeg.

mxareebs xsenebuli faqti sadavo ar gauxdiaT.

146. 1994 wlis 19 maiss general-leitenanti iakovlevi, me-14 armiis yofili

sardali da `mdr-s Tavdacvisa da uSiSroebis departamentis~ yofili

xelmZRvaneli, ruseTis federaciis moqalaqe gaxda.

147. 1997 wels b-n maraCutas, `mdr-s umaRlesi sabWos Tavmjdomares~, mieniWa

ruseTis moqalaqeoba.

2. ruseTis federaciis mier konvenciis ratificirebis Semdeg

148. 1999 wels ruseTis moqalaqeoba b-nma karamanma, `mdr~-s erT-erTma

lidermac, moipova.

149. b-nma smirnovma ruseTis moqalaqeoba miiRo 1997 wels (ruseTis

mTavrobis TqmiT) an 1999 wels (ganmcxadebelTa TqmiT).

150. ganmcxadebelTa mtkicebiT, rac mxareebma sadavo gaxades, iaraRis

industria warmoadgens dnestrispireTis erT-erT dasayrdens, rasac

pirdapir mxars uWeren rusuli firmebi, romlebic Cabmulni arian

dnestrispireTSi iaraRis warmoebaSi.

iuri pinteas mier ganxorcielebuli kvlevis Tanaxmad (ix. winamdebare

ganaCenis 118-e punqti), 1993 wlidan moyolebuli dnestrispireTis iaraRis

mwarmoebelma firmebma daiwyes specializeba maRal-teqnologiuri iaraRis

gamoSvebaze, rac ganxorcielda rusuli kompaniebis daxmarebiTa da

finansebiT, maT Soris rusuli iaraRis mwarmoeblisa da gamsaReblis

«Росвооружение» daxmarebiT. rusuli kompaniebi dnestrispireTis firmebs

amaragebdnen teqnologiiTa da aRWurvilobiT, romelic maT sWirdebodaT

Tanamedrove iaraRisa da aRWurvilobis dasamzadeblad. dnestrispireTis

firmebi aseve uSveben nawilebs ruseTis iaraRis mwarmoeblebisaTvis.

magaliTad, `eleqtromaSis~ kompania ruseTis federaciidan iRebs nawilebs

mayuCiani pistoletebisaTvis, romlebsac igi amzadebs, da awvdis nawilebs

sxvadasxva SeiaraRebis sistemebisaTvis, romlebic SemdgomSi iwyoba

ruseTis federaciaSi.

151. b-ni pinteas kvlevaze miTiTebiT ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom

`gayvanis~ safarveliT rod-i amaragebda dnestrispireTis firmebs samxedro

daniSnulebis nawilebiTa da xelsawyoebiT. ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen,

rom

`rabnitas

sainJinro

samuSaoebi~,

romelic

uSvebs

82

mm

naRmmtyorcnebs, regularulad iRebdnen naRmmtyorcnebisa da haubicebis

tvirTs kolbasnas rod-is sawyobebidan, aRniSnuli tvirTis statusi ki iyo

`aratransportabeluri aRWurvilobis ganadgureba~.

152. damatebiT unda aRiniSnos, rom saxeze iyo urTierTdamokidebuleba

dnestrispireTis ekonomikas da sxva interesebsa da rod-s Soris, im faqtis

gamo, rom rod-Si dasaqmebuli iyo dnestrispireTis macxovrebelTa Zalian

didi raodenoba.

b-ni pinteas imave kvlevis Tanaxmad, kolbasnaSi ganTavsebuli rod-is

SenaerTis (maT Soris, saWurvlis sawyobis) xelmZRvanelobis daaxloebiT

70% Sedgeboda rabnitas mcxovrebTagan, maSin, rodesac kolbasnas

sawyobebis momsaxure personalis 100% (sawyobebis ufrosebi, teqnikosebi

da meqanikosebi) regionis macxovreblebi iyvnen.

jamSi, rod-is oficrebis 50% da rezervis oficrebis 80% `mdr~-s

mcxovrebni iyvnen.

mxareebs sadavo ar gauxdiaT xsenebuli informacia.

153. saxezea aseve marTlmsajulebis sferoSi TanamSromloba ruseTis

federaciasa

organoebis

da

gverdis

dnestrispireTs

Soris

moldovis

gadacema.

xelisuflebis

dnestrispireTSi

avliT:

patimarTa

patimrobaSi myofi rusi patimrebi gadayvanilni iqnen ruseTis federaciaSi

swored aseTi TanamSromlobis safuZvelze (ix. danarTi: polkovniki

golovaCevi, punqti 136, da b-ni sereda, punqti 423).

154.

presaSi

gamoqveynebul

statiebze

dayrdnobiT

ganmcxadeblebi

amtkicebdnen, rom grZeldeboda oficialuri urTierTvizitebi ruseTis

federaciasa da `mdr~-s Soris. 1999 wlis 16 Tebervals dnestrispireTis

gazeTma gamoaqveyna cnoba `mdr-s umaRlesi sabWos~ delegaciis (romelSic

Sediodnen b-nebi karamani, antiufeevi) vizitis Sesaxeb ruseTis federaciis

dumaSi. 2001 wlis 1 ivniss dumis 8 kaciani delegacia Cavida tiraspolSi

da gaCerda iq 2001 wlis 4 ivnisamde.

damatebiT unda aRiniSnos, rom 2001 wlis 28 agvistosa da 2 seqtembers

dumis wevrebma monawileoba miiRes `mdr~-s damoukideblobis 10 wlisTavis

aRniSvnasTan dakavSirebul iubileSi.

155. ruseTis federaciam `mdr~-s liderebi gamoCenili damsaxurebisaTvis

daajildova oficialuri sigelebiT. ganmcxadebelTa mier warmodgenili

dokumentaciis Tanaxmad b-ni smirnovi miwveuli iqna moskovSi moskovis

saxelmwifo universitetis mier.

156. ruseTis federacias uSualo urTierToba aqvs `mdr~-sTan gazis

eqsportTan dakavSirebiT.

rogorc ruseTis `gazpromis~ jgufis Tavmjdomaris mier moldovis vice-

premierisaTvis 2000 wlis 17 Tebervals gagzavnili depeSidan Cans,

moldovis gaziT momaragebis xelSekruleba ar exeba dnestrispireTs,

romelsac gazi miewodeba calke ufro SeRavaTiani fasebiT, vidre

moldovis sxva nawilebs (ix. danarTi, Y, punqti 261; da b-ni sangheli,

punqti 268).

157. dnestrispireTi eleqtroenergias pirdapir ruseTis federaciidan

iRebs.

158. dnestrispireTSi warmoebuli produqciis eqsportireba xdeba rusul

bazarze da garkveuli produqtebi saRdeba, rogorc rusuli produqti (ix.

danarTi: generali sergeevi,punqti 347).

160. rusuli kompaniebi monawileobas iRebdnen dnestrispireTSi gamarTul

privatizaciis procesSi. ganmcxadeblebis mier warmodgenili dokumentebi

adasturebs, rom rusulma kompania `iteram~, miuxedavad moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebis protestisa, Seisyida dnestrispireTSi mdebare

yvelaze didi sawarmo, `rabnitas sainJinro samuSaoebi~.

161. ufro metic, 2002 wlis ianvarSi moldovis mTavrobam warudgina

sasamarTlos

dnestrispireTis reJimTan dakavSirebiT rusuli satelevizio programis

CanaweriT. rusi komentatori pirvel rigSi axsenebda megobrul

videokaseta

ruseT-moldovur

urTierTobebTan

da

xelSekrulebas, romelic cota xnis win daido ruseTis federaciasa da

moldovis respublikas Soris, sadac moskovi da kiSiniovi gmobdnen

`separatizms, mis yvela formiT gamovlinebaSi~ da kisrulobdnen, `ar

aRmoeCinaT

araviTari

daxmareba

separatistuli

moZraobisaTvis~.

Jurnalistis TqmiT, xelSekruleba araorazrovnad adasturebda ruseTis

federaciis mxardaWeras moldovisadmi dnestrispireTis konfliqtSi.

siuJetis danarCeni nawili exeboda dnestrispireTis ekonomikas, romelzec

naTqvami iyo, rom igi mTlianad smirnovis ojaxis zegavlenas eqvemdebareba

da Semosavlis umTavres wyaros warmoadgens iaraRis warmoeba da eqsporti

iseT qveynebSi, rogorebicaa avRaneTi, pakistani, erayi an CeCneTi. programa

ixureboda im informaciiT, rom dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebma

daaxSes xsenebuli prgramis gadacema `mdr~-s teritoriaze da amis mizezad

cudi amindi miuTiTes.

d. urTierToba moldova-dnestrispireTs Soris

1. moldovis mier konvenciis ratificirebamde, 1992 wlis 12 seqtembers

162. moldovis xelisuflebis organoebs arasodes uRiarebiaT `mdr~-s

organoebi saxelmwifo erTeulad.

163. 1992 wlis 21 ivlisis SeTanxmebis Semdeg mxareebma daamyares

urTierTobebi konfliqtis mogvarebis mizniT.

urTierToba umeteswilad xorcieldeboda molaparakebisaTvis gankuTvnili

komitetis meSveobiT da exeboda dnestrispireTis statusis sakiTxs da

yoveldRiuri cxovrebis sxvadasxva sakiTxis (ekonomikuri, socialuri da

sxv.) mogvarebas.

164. mowmeTa analogiuri Cvenebis Tanaxmad (ix. b-ni uritu, punqti 66; b-ni

postovani, punqti 182; Z, punqti 272, b-ni plugaru, punqti 286 da b-ni

obroki, punqti 430), moldovasa da dnestrispireTs Soris pirveli Sexvedra

exeboda orive mxaris 1992 wlis brZolebis dros patimrobaSi ayvanili

pirebis gacvlas. xsenebuli gacvlebi ZiriTadad exeboda patimarTa

jgufebs.

165. ramdenime mowmis analogiuri Cvenebis Tanaxmad (ix. danarTi: b-ni uritu,

punqti 67, b-ni sneguri, punqti 239; da b-ni sturca, punqti 311), 1992 wlis

cecxlis Sewyvetis Semdgom kerZo pirebs da oficialur delegaciebs,

romlebic

dnestrispireTSi.

CarTulni

iyvnen

molaparakebebSi,

xdeboda xolme

SeeZloT

incidentebi,

Casuliyvnen

rodesac

zogjer

dnestrispireTis mesazRvreebi ar uSvebdnen maT dnestrispireTSi.

166. rogorc kerZo pirebs, eqimebs aranairi problema ar gaaCndaT

dnestrispireTSi SesvlasTan dakavSirebiT, rogorc konsultaciebis

gacemis, aseve profesiul konferenciebze daswrebis mizniT (ix. danarTi: b-

ni tibirna, punqti 84; da b-ni lesanu, punqti 66).

167. 1993 wlidan moyolebuli, moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma daiwyes

sisxlis

samarTlis

saqmeebis

aRZvra

konkretuli

dnestrispireli

Tanamdebobis pirebis winaaRmdeg, romlebsac brali edebodaT saxelmwifo

Tanamdebobis pirebis saxeliT da statusiT TaRliTurad sargeblobaSi (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 221-e da 230-e punqtebi).

168. miuxedavad amisa, pirebma, romlebic moqmedebdnen, rogorc `mdr~-s

maRali Tanamdebobis pirebi, SeZles moldovaSi dabruneba da SemdgomSi

daikaves maRali Tnamdebobebi. magaliTad, b-n sidorovs, romelic iyo `mdr-

s iusticiis ministri~ 1991 wels, ekava ramdenime maRali saxelmwifo

Tanamdeboba dnestrispireTidan dabrunebis Semdeg; igi iyo moldovis

parlamentis wevri 1994 - 1998 wlebSi, moldovis ombudsmeni 1998-2001 wlebSi

da moldovis parlamentis wevri da adamianis uflebaTa da umciresobaTa

komitetis Tavmjdomare 2001 wlidan (ix. danarTi: b-ni sidorovi, punqtebi

437-38).

169. 1996 wlis 7 Tebervals, euTo-s Suamavlebis _ ruseTisa da ukrainis _

TandaswrebiT, moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma miiRes oqmi, romlis

Tanaxmadac gauqmda dnestrispireTis kuTvnili sasazRvro-sabaJo postebi.

2. moldovis mier konvenciis ratificirebis Semdeg

170. 1997 wlis Semdeg moZraoba dnestrispireTsa da moldovis danarCen

mxareebs Soris xorcieldeboda imave pirobebiT, rogorc adre, anu

dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebi erTpirovnulad iRebdnen

gadawyvetilebas

oficialur delegaciebs

gatareba-argatarebasTan

an moldovel

dakavSirebiT.

maRalCinosnebs

rodesac

surdaT

dnestrispireTSi Sesvla, aucilebeli iyo winaswar dakavSireba da

nebarTvis mopoveba, da am pirobebSic nebarTva SeiZleboda gauqmebuliyo

nebismier dros (ix. b-ni sereda, punqti 418). magaliTad, moldovis

mTavrobis gancxadebiT, 2003 wels, evrokavSiris sabWos mier 2003 wlis

TebervalSi igor smirnovisa da 16 sxva dnestrispireli liderisaTvis

evrokavSiris teritoriaze Sesvlis akrZlavis sapasuxo nabijis saxiT,

dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebma persona non grata-d gamoacxades

moldovis calkeuli maRali Tanamdebobis pirebi, maT Soris, moldovis

prezidenti,

moldovis

parlamentis

Tavmjdomare,

premier-ministri,

iusticiis ministri da sagareo saqmeTa ministri.

171. ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom dnestrispireTis liderebs, maT

Soris, b-n smirnovs, b-n maracutas da b-n karamans aqvT moldovis

moqalaqeoba da moldovis diplomatiuri pasportebi. amasTanave, isini

amtkicebdnen, rom moldovis mTavrobam maT oficialuri jildoebi mianiWa.

moldovis mTavrobis mtkicebiT, dnestrispirel liderebs ar hqondaT

moldovis moqlaqeoba, radgan maT arasodes mouTxoviaT moldovisaTvis

piradobis mowmobebi.

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT delegatebis mier

dakiTxuli mowmeebi uaryofdnen, rom raime saxis moldovuri piradobis

damadasturebeli

maracutasa Tu b-ni karamanisTvis (ix. danarTi, punqti 396). ganmcxadebelTa

mtkicebis damasabuTebeli argumentebis ararsebobis pirobebSi

mowmoba

iqna

gacemuli

b-ni

smirnovisTvis,

b-ni

sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom gonivrul eWvs miRma ar aris dadgenili, rom

moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma gasces pasportebi dnestrispireTis

liderebisTvis.

172 ramdenime moldoveli maRali Tanamdebobis piri, maT Soris, b-ni

sturca, iusticiis ministri, generaluri prokuroris moadgile da 2000

wlis Semdgom periodSi dnestrispireTTan molaparakebis komitetis

Tavmjdomare, kvlavac agrZelebda vizitebs tiraspolSi, raTa Sexvedroda

dnestrispirel politikosebs, maT Soris, b-n smirnovs, b-n maracutas,

`generalur prokurors~ da `mdr-s uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomares~.

xsenebul

Sexvedrebze

mTavar

gansaxilvel

sakiTxs

warmoadgenda

ganmcxadebelTa situacia da dnestrispireTis momavali statusi, maT

Soris, dnestrispireTis adgilobrivi xelisuflebis organoebis mier

gamotanili gadawyvetilebebis statusi (ix. danarTi: b-ni sturca, punqti

312).

173. 2000 wlis 16 maiss moldovis parlamentis Tavmjdomarem b-nma diakovma

moinaxula b-ni ilaSku tiraspolSi mdebare cixeSi.

174. 2001 wlis 16 maiss moldovis prezidentma b-nma voroninma da

dnestrispireTis liderma b-nma smirnovma xeli moaweres or SeTanxmebas –

erTi maTgani exeboda moldova-dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebis

mier gamocemul dokumentTa ormxriv aRiarebas, xolo meore _ sagareo

investiciebis mozidvas da dacvas.

175. ekonomikuri TanamSromlobis sferoSi ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen,

rom moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma gasces sertifikatebi produqciis

dnestrispireTSi damzadeba-warmomavlobaze.

moldovis mxares ar gaukeTebia araviTari komentari xsenebulTan

dakavSirebiT.

176. rac Seexeba moldovis xelisuflebis organoebis savaraudo qmedebebs

dnestrispireTidan

eqsportirebuli

saqonlisaTvis

sertifikatebis

miniWebasTan dakavSirebiT, rogorc es ganmcxadeblebma da ruseTis

mTavrobam aRniSnes, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom xsenebuli varaudi ar iqna

dadasturebuli romelime mowmis mier. sapirispirod, b-nma stratanma,

sabaJos direqtorma, uaryo xsenebuli praqtikis arseboba (ix. danarTi,

punqti 327).

xsenebul garemoebebSi, ganmcxadebelTa mtkicebis damasabuTebeli raime

argumentebis ararsebobis pirobebSi, sasamarTlos ar SeuZlia gonivrul

eWvs miRma dadasturebulad miiCnios, rom moldovis xelisfulebis

organoebi axorcielebdnen dnestrispireTis xelisuflebisa da ekonomikis

mxardamWer politikas zemoxsenebuli saeqsporto sertifikatebis gacemiT.

177. moldovasa da `mdr-s prezidents~ Soris miRweuli SeTanxmebis

safuZvelze

ganxorcielebuli

TanamSromlobis

garda,

rogorc

es

sasamarTlos delegatebis mier mopovebuli mowmeTa Cvenebebidan Cans, met-

naklebad arsebobs de facto urTierTobebi moldovisa da dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis

organoebs

Soris

sxvadasxva

sferoSi.

magaliTad,

dnestrispireTis iusticiis saministro, kerZod ki sasjelaRsrulebiTi

samsaxuri da moldovis iusticiis saministro axorcieleben urTierTobas

erTmaneTTan (ix. danarTi: vice-polkovniki samsonovi, punqti 172). aseve

saxezea araoficialuri urTierTobebi moldovisa da dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis organoebs Soris marTlmsajulebisa da uSiSroebis

sakiTxebSi, danaSaulis aRkveTis interesebidan gamomdinare. miuxedavad

imisa, rom ar arsebobs raime saxis SeTanxmeba urTierTTanamSromlobasTan

dakavSirebiT, moldoveli prokurorebi Tu sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebis

gamomZieblebi zogjer urekaven TavianT `kolegebs~ dnestrispireTSi,

kerZod, imisaTvis, rom moipovon informacia da gamoiZaxon mowmeebi (ix.

danarTi: b-ni postovani, punqti 190, da b-ni catanga, punqti 206).

178. arsebobs mxolod erTiani satelefono sistema moldovisaTvis, maT

Soris, dnestrispireTisTvisac (ix. danarTi: b-ni molojeni, punqti 398, da

b-ni sidorovi, punqti 454).

179. moldovis mTavrobis sainformacio departamenti gascems piradobis

damadasturebel dokumentebs (piradobis mowmobebs) moldovis yvela

mcxovrebisTvis, maT Soris imaTTvisac, vinc dnestrispireTSi cxovrobs

(ix. danarTi: b-ni molojeni, punqti 399).

180. 2001 wels, msoflio vaWrobis organizaciasTan dadebuli SeTanxmebis

Tanaxmad, moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma Seqmnes Sereuli moldova-

ukrainuli sabaJo postebi ukrainasTan sazRvarze da SemoiRes axali

sabaJo beWdebi, romlebzec xeli ar miuwvdebodaT dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis

organoebs.

sasamarTlosaTvis

arc

erT

mxares

ar

miuwodebia informacia imasTan dakavSirebiT, kvlav funqcionirebs Tu ara

moldova-ukrainuli sabaJo postebi.

181.

zemoxsenebul

punqtSi

aRniSnuli

RonisZiebebis

sapasuxod,

dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebma 2001 wlis 18 seqtembris

weriliT acnobes moldovis xelisuflebis organoebs dnestrispireTis

statusTan dakavSirebuli molaparakebebis calmxrivad Sewyvetis Sesaxeb

da daemuqrnen dnestrispireTze gamavali gazisa da eleqtroenergiis

Sewyveta-SeCerebiT.

182. moldovis mTavroba amtkicebda, rom 2001 wlis incidentis dros

tiginas (benderi) sarkinigzo kvanZTan dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis

organoebma daakaves 500 vagoni humanitaruli tvirTi moldovis bavSvebisa

da moxucebulebisaTvis da navTobiTa da sxva masalebiT datvirTuli

vagonebi, romlebic evrokavSiris teritoriidan midioda moldovis

firmebis saxelze.

183. 2002 wlis 6 Tebervals sajarod gakeTebul gancxadebaSi moldovaSi

euTo-s misiam gaakritika dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebis

qmedebebi; am organoebma 2002 wlis 16 ianvridan daiwyes euTo-s

warmomadgenlebisaTvis `mdr~-s teritoriaze Sesvlis akrZalva, rac

arRvevda euTo-sa da b-n smirnovs Soris 1993 wlis 26 agvistos dadebul

SeTanxmebas.

184. moldovis mTavrobis mier sasamarTlos winaSe 2002 wlis 15 marts

warmodgenili dokumentidan irkveva, rom 2002 wlis 7 martis #40 brZanebiT

`mdr-s uSiSroebis saministrom~ uari ganucxada moldovis Tavdacvisa da

Sinagan saqmeTa saministroebis, sainformacio da uSiSroebis samsaxurebisa

da sxva samxedro uwyebebis warmomadgenlebs `mdr~-s teritoriaze

Sesvlaze.

185. da bolos, erovnul safexburTo CempionatSi dnestrispireTis gundebic

monawileoben da moldovasa da xsenebuli gundebis TamaSi, maT Soris,

saerTaSoriso TamaSebic, yovelTvis imarTeba tiraspolSi, rogorc es

moxda, magaliTad, niderlandebis winaaRmdeg gamarTuli Sexvedris

SemTxvevaSi 2003 wlis aprilSi (ix. danarTi: b-ni sidorovi, punqti 454).

IV. saqmis konkretuli garemoebebi

186. qvemoT sasamarTlo ajamebs im faqtebs, romlebic dakavSirebulia

ganmcxadebelTa dakavebasTan, winaswar patimrobasTan, msjavrdebasTan da

patimrobis pirobebTan, rogorc amas amtkicebdnen ganmcxadeblebi da rac

dadasturebulia dokumenturi mtkicebulebebiTa da mowmeTa CvenebebiT.

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom 2000 wlis 24 oqtombris werilobiT

komentarebSi moldovis mTavrobam daadastura ganmcxadebelTa versia maT

dakavebasTan, msjavrdebasTan da patimrobis garemoebebTan dakavSirebiT.

imave komentarebSi moldovis mTavroba mianiSnebda, rom ganmcxadeblebi

aSkarad dakavebulni iyvnen sasamarTlo brZanebis gareSe, ori Tvis

ganmavlobaSi imyofebodnen me-14 armiis kuTvnil bazaze da maTi Cxreka da

nivTebis CamorTmevac sasamarTlo brZanebis gareSe ganxorcielda.

moldovis mTavrobam aRniSna, rom ganmcxadebelTa mtkiceba da movlenebis

aRwera

maTi

patimrobis

pirobebTan

dakavSirebiT

WeSmaritebas

Seesabameboda.

187. ruseTis mTavrobam miuTiTa, rom ar gaaCnda araviTari informacia

ganmcxadeblebis dakavebasTan, msjavrdebasTan da patimrobis pirobebTan

dakavSirebiT.

a. ganmcxadebelTa dakaveba, winaswari patimroba da msjavrdeba

1. ganmcxadebelTa dakaveba

188. ganmcxadeblebis, maTi meuRleebisa da b-ni uritus mier micemuli

Cvenebebidan,

romlebic

gamyarebulia

b-ni

timoSenkos

zogadi

gancxadebebiT, Cans, rom ganmcxadeblebi dakavebulni iqnen tiraspolSi,

sakuTar sacxovrebel saxlebSi, 1992 wlis 2 da 4 ivniss. isini daakaves

pirebma, romelTagan zogierTi atarebda ssrk me-14 armiis formas,

danarCenebi ki komufliaJs amosacnobi niSnebis gareSe.

ganmcxadebelTa dakavebis detalebi Semdegnairad gamoiyureba:

189. meore ganmcxadebeli, b-ni aleqsandru leSko, dakavebuli iqna 1992

wlis 2 ivniss dilis 2:45 sT-ze. meore dRes misi saxli gaCxrikes

mezoblebis TandaswrebiT.

190. pirveli ganmcxadebeli, ilie ilaSku, romelic im droisaTvis iyo

saxalxo frontis (moldovis parlamentSi warmodgenili partia)

adgilobrivi lideri da awarmoebda kampanias moldovisa da rumineTis

gaerTianebisTvis, dakavebuli iqna 1992 wlis 2 ivniss daaxloebiT dilis

4:30 sT-ze, rodesac avtomatebiT SeiaraRebuli 10 Tu 12 piri Zalis

gamoyenebiT SeiWra tiraspolSi mdebare mis saxlSi, sadac maT Caatares

Cxreka da amoiRes garkveuli sagnebi. amoRebul sagnebs Soris iyo

pistoleti, romelic, ganmcxadeblis mtkicebiT, mas imave pirebma Caudes,

romlebmac saxli gaCxrikes. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom misi dakaveba

da saxlis Cxreka brZanebis gareSe iyo ganxorcielebuli. mas acnobes, rom

igi dakavebuli iqna imis gamo, rom warmoadgenda saxalxo frontis wevrs

da safrTxes `mdr~-saTvis, romelic im droisaTvis saomar mdgomareobaSi

imyofeboda moldovasTan.

191. mesame ganmcxadebeli, andrei ivantoSi, daakava 1992 wlis 2 ivniss

dilis

kondaxebi

8

saaTze ramdenime pirma, romlebmac mas uTavazes iaraRis

da urtyes. ganmcxadeblis mtkicebiT, amis Semdeg

ganxorcielebuli Cxrekis Sedegad moxda 50 000 rublis, ramdenime

xaliCisa da `lamazi~ saaTis konfiskacia.

192. meoTxe ganmcxadebeli, tudor petrov-popa, daakava 1992 wlis 4 ivnisis

dilis 6:45 sT-ze orma pirma, romelTagan erT-erTi iyo policiis oficeri

viqtor gusani. daaxloebiT dilis 11 saaTze orma prokurorma, b-nma

starojukma da b-nma glazurinma, gaCxrika ganmcxadeblis bina mis

dauswreblad.

193. 140 gverdian sabraldebo daskvnaSi, romelic prokurorma starojukma

Seadgina, sxva braldebebs Soris ganmcxadeblebs brali edebodaT

antisabWoTa

qmedebebSi

da

ukanono

meTodebiT

dnestrispireTis

saxelmwifos legitimuri xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi, rasac isini

axorcielebdnen moldovisa da rumineTis saxalxo frontis meSveobiT.

sabraldebo daskvnis Tanaxmad, maT aseve brali wauyenes ramdenime dasjad

danaSaulSi,

romelTagan

garkveuli

qmedebebi

isjeboda

moldovis

respublikis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT, xolo zogierTi qmedeba _

moldaveTis socialisturi respublikis kodeqsiT. sxva danaSaulebs Soris

ganmcxadeblebs brali edebodaT ori dnestrispirelis _ b-ni gusarisa da

b-ni ostapenkos _ mkvlelobaSi (ix. aseve winamdebare ganaCenis 225-e punqti).

194. rogorc es ganmcxadeblebisa da sxva mowmeebis analogiuri

gancxadebebidan Cans (ix. danarTi: b-ni uritu, punqtebi 55-56, q-ni leSko,

punqtebi 30-31, da q-ni ivantoSi, punqtebi 38 da 41), ganmcxadeblebi pirvelad

waiyvanes tiraspolis policiis StabbinaSi, romelic aseve warmoadgenda

`mdr-s uSiSroebis saministros~ ganTavsebis adgils, sadac ganmcxadeblebs

ramdenime dRis ganmavlobaSi dakiTxvas utarebdnen. ganmcxadeblebs

dakiTxvas

utarebdnen

vladimir

gorbovi,

`uSiSroebis

ministris

moadgile~, vladimir antiufievi (anu Sevcovi), `ministri~, da piri saxelad

guSani. zogierTi mcveli da gamomZiebeli iseT uniformebSi iyvnen,

romlebic Tu originalebi ar iyo, Zalian hgavda me-14 armiis personalis

formebs. policiis StabbinaSi patimrobis pirveli dReebis ganmavlobaSi

patimrebs regularulad da sastikad scemdnen da isini praqtikulad ver

iRebdnen veranair sakvebs Tu sasmels. dakiTxvebi ZiriTadad mimdinareobda

RamiT, xolo dRis ganmavlobaSi maT ar aZlevdnen dasvenebis uflebas.

195. pirveli ganmcxadeblis mtkicebiT, dakavebis Semdeg igi dauyovnebliv

waiyvanes `mdr-s uSiSroebis saministroSi~, sadac daxvda 5 adamiani,

romlebic

gaecnen

rus

polkovnikebad,

kontrdazvervis

samsaxuris

TanamSromlebad. maT mosTxoves ganmcxadebels, gaTavisuflebis sanacvlod

dnestrispireTisaTvis moexmarebina is codna, romelic miiRo ssrk-s

specialur jarebSi samxedro samsaxuris dros, da Tavi gaesaRebina

rumineTis saidumlo samsaxuris agentad. ganmcxadeblis mtkicebiT,

rodesac man uaryo SemoTavazeba, uTxres, rom misTvis darCenili

erTaderTi alternativa sasaflaoa.

2. pirveli sami ganmcxadeblis patimroba me-14 armiis bazaze

196. dakavebidan ramdenime dRis Semdeg pirveli samis ganmcxadebeli

rusuli amosacnobi niSnis mqone avtomobilebiT gadaiyvanes cal-calke me-

14 armiis garnizonis StabbinaSi (komendaturaSi) tiraspolSi, suvorovis

quCaze.

ganmcxadebelTa mtkicebiT, me-14 armiis teritoriaze maT yaraulobdnen

imave armiis jariskacebi da maTi iq yofnis ganmavlobaSi modiodnen

dnestrispireTis policiis oficrebi, raTa moenaxulebinaT isini saknebSi.

ganmcxadebelTa mtkicebiT, am drois ganmavlobaSi maT awamebda me-14 armiis

personali.

moldovis mTavrobis mtkicebiT, im Cvenebebis WrilSi, romlebic misces

moldovelma mowmeebma da b-nma timoSenkom sasamarTlos delegatebs,

naTeli

iyo,

rom

me-14

armiis

personali

monawileobas

iRebda

ganmcxadebelTa dakavebasa da dakiTxvaSi.

2003 wlis 1 seqtembers warmodgenil komentarebSi ruseTis mTavroba

imeorebda Tavis Tavdapirvel pozicias, saxeldobr imas, rom sasamarTlos

ar gaaCnda iurisdiqcia ratione temporis, raTa ganexila 1992 wels

ganxorcielebuli movlenebi.

miuxedavad amisa, arsebiTi ganxilvis dros ruseTis mTavrobam aRiara, rom

ganmcxadeblebi patimrobaSi imyofebodnen me-14 armiis teritoriaze, magram

amtkicebda, rom xsenebuli patimroba Zalian cota xnis ganmavlobaSi

grZeldeboda da nebismier SemTxvevaSi patimroba ukanono iyo. mTavroba

acxadebda, rom samxedro prokurorma timoSenkom maSinve bolo mouRo

ukanono patimrobas, rogorc ki amis Sesaxeb miiRo informacia. mTavrobam

ar gaakeTa komentari im sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT, iRebdnen Tu ara rusi

jariskacebi monawileobas ganmcxadebelTa dakavebaSi.

mTavrobis mtkicebiT, garda saknebis uzrunvelyofisa ganmcxadebelTa

patimrobisaTvis, me-14 armiis personals ar Caudenia aranairi ukanono

qmedeba. kerZod, isini ar icavdnen im saknebs, romlebSic ganmcxadeblebi

iyvnen. xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT mTavrobam aRniSna, rom ganmcxadeblebs

ar SeeZloT daenaxaT mesakneTa uniformaze ruseTisadmi kuTvnilebis

niSani, radgan rusuli niSnebi, romlebmac Secvala sabWoTa niSnebi,

SemoRebuli iqna mxolod #2555 brZanebiT, romelic 1994 wlis 28 ivliss

gamosca ruseTis federaciam.

ruseTis mTavroba aseve amtkicebda, rom polkovniki gusarovi (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 270-e punqti) ar msaxurobda dnestrispireTis

teritoriaze ganTavsebul samxedro SenaerTebSi, igi msaxurobda `mdr-s

Sinagan saqmeTa saministroSi~.

197. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom pirveli sami ganmcxadeblis mtkicebiT,

isini ori Tvis ganmavlobaSi patimrobaSi imyofebodnen me-14 armiis

garnizonis StabbinaSi (ix. danarTi: b-ni ilaSku, punqtebi 2, 4 da 11; b-ni

uritu, punqtebi 55-56; b-ni ivantoSi, punqtebi 94-95; b-ni leSko, punqtebi 114

da 117; b-ni petrov-popa, punqti 124; q-ni leSko, punqtebi 33-34; q-ni ivantoSi,

punqti 39; da q-ni petrov-popa, punqti 48).

xsenebul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom mowmis

CvenebaSi b-ni timoSenko aRniSnavs (ix. danarTi, punqti 381), rom

ganmcxadeblebi me-14 armiis kuTvnil SenobaSi darCnen Zalian cota xnis

ganmavlobaSi, Tumca ar SeeZlo daekonkretebina, Tu ramdeni xani

gagrZelda es.

b-ni timoSenkos CvenebaSi (romelsac sasamarTlo sinamdviled miiCnevs)

eWvis Setanis gareSe, sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom Cveneba Seicavs garkveul

detalebs, maT Soris, drois im monakveTs, romelic ganmcxadeblebma

gaatares me-14 armiis kuTvnil SenobaSi, romlebic bundovania da, ufro

metic, gaqarwylebulia sxva mtkicebulebebiT.

198. tiraspolis garnizonis Stabbinas xelmZRvanelobda mixail bergmani.

ganmcxadeblebi iq patimrobaSi imyofebodnen mxolod erT sakanSi. b-ni

godiaci,

romelic

ganmcxadeblebTan

erTad

daakaves,

patimrobaSi

imyofeboda imave SenobaSi. dakiTxvisas an maTTan ganxorcielebuli

vizitebisas ganmcxadeblebi xedavdnen b-n gorbovs da sxva oficrebs,

romelTagan zogierTi atarebda me-14 armiis formas. maT dakiTxvas

awarmoebdnen

arasaTanado mopyroba. maT sxva drosac scemdnen. ganmcxadeblebs

regularulad urtyamdnen da sastikad epyrobodnen me-14 armiis

gansakuTrebulad

RamiT

da

dakiTxvas

Tan

sdevda

uniformebSi Cacmuli jariskacebi. zogjer dnestrispireli policiis

oficrebi monawileobas iRebdnen ganmcxadebelTa mimarT arasaTanado

mopyrobaSi.

ilie ilaSku oTxjer daeqvemdebara imitirebul sikvdiliT dasjas.

pirvelad

waukiTxes

sikvdiliT

dasjis

brZaneba,

magram

Semdeg

ramdenimejer igi gaiyvanes Tvalebaxveuli mindorSi, sadac mesakneebi

esrodnen arasabrZolo vaznebs, sanam ganmcxadebels guli ar wauvidoda.

meore ganmcxadebels emuqrebodnen gaupatiurebiT. erTi Tvis Semdeg,

miRebuli dazianebebis Sedegad, mesame ganmcxadebeli moTavsebuli iqna

fsiqiatriul saavadmyofoSi, sadac darCa erTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi (ix.

danarTi: b-ni ivantoSi, punqti 97).

199. saknebs ar hqonda tualetebi, ar modioda wyali da ar Semodioda

bunebrivi sinaTle. yvela sakanSi mudmivad enTo eleqtronaTura. kedelze

mimagrebuli gasaSleli sawolebi Camoiweoda SuaRamisas da isev zeviT

iweoda dilis 5 saaTze.

ganmcxadeblebs dReSi hqondaT mxolod 15 wuTi seirnobisaTvis daxurul

sivrceSi. me-14 armiis garnizonis StabbinaSi patimrobis periodSi maT ar

hqondaT SesaZlebloba, daebanaT an tansacmeli gamoecvalaT.

tualetebi iyo koridoris gaswvriv da patimrebi iq gahyavdaT xolme

mxolod dReSi erTxel mcvelebis da germanuli nagazebis TanxlebiT. maT

hqondaT

mxolod

45

wami,

raTa

daekmayofilebinaT

bunebrivi

moTxovnilebebi da icodnen, rom Tu am dros gadaaWarbebdnen, ZaRls

miuqsevdnen. radgan isini tualetSi dReSi mxolod erTxel gahyavdaT,

zemoxsenebul pirobebSi ganmcxadeblebi iZulebulni iyvnen, bunebrivi

moTxovnilebebi TavianT saknebSi daekmayofilebinaT xolme (ix. danarTi: b-

ni ivantoSi, punqti 95, b-ni leSko, punqti 115, q-ni leSko, punqti 33, da b-ni

ivantoSi, punqti 40).

ganmcxadeblebi mowyvetilni iyvnen gare samyaros. maTi ojaxis wevrebs ar

hqondaT ufleba, dakavSirebodnen maT an SeegzavnaT amanaTebi. maT ar

SeeZloT gaegzavnaT an mieRoT werilebi da Sexvedrodnen advokatebs.

200. 1992 wlis 23 agvistos, rodesac generali lebedi saTaveSi Caudga me-14

armias, pirebi, romlebic patimrobaSi imyofebodnen tiraspolis garnizonis

armiis StabbinaSi, maT Soris, sami ganmcxadebeli, gadayvanilni iqnen

tiraspolis policiis StabbinaSi. gadayvanas axorcielebdnen me-14 armiis

jariskacebi me-14 armiis kuTvnili manqanebiT (ix. b-ni ilaSku, punqti 11, b-

ni uritu, punqti 55, da q-ni ivantoSi, punqti 39).

3. tiraspolis policiis StabbinaSi gatarebuli winaswari patimroba da

gadayvana cixeSi sasamarTlo samarTalwarmoebis mimdinareobis periodSi

201. ganmcxadebelTa patimrobis garemoebebi, rogorc es aRwerilia

werilobiT warmodgenil dokumentaciasa da mowmeTa CvenebebSi da

gamyarebulia sxva mowmeTa CvenebebiT (ix. danarTi: b-ni uritu, punqtebi 56

da 60-61, q-ni ivantoSi, punqti 41, da q-ni leSko, punqtebi 30-31), Sejamebulia

qvemoT.

202. pirveli ganmcxadebeli tiraspolis policiis Stabbinis sakanSi

rCeboda daaxloebiT 6 Tvis ganmavlobaSi, 1993 wlis aprilamde, rodesac

daiwyo misi sasamarTlo samarTalwarmoeba.

203. meore ganmcxadebeli gadayvanili iqna tiraspolSi mdebare me-14 armiis

garnizonis Stabbinidan tiraspolis policiis StabbinaSi, sadac igi

rCeboda 1993 wlis aprilamde, rodesac daiwyo misi sasamarTlo

samarTalwarmoeba.

204. mesame ganmcxadebeli me-14 armiis garnizonis StabbinaSi rCeboda erTi

Tvis ganmavlobaSi. saavadmyofodan dabrunebis Semdeg igi ukan iqna

wayvanili me-14 armiis garnizonis StabbinaSi da dauyovnebliv iqna

gadayvanili

tiraspolis

policiis

StabbinaSi,

sadac

patimrobaSi

imyofeboda 1993 wlis aprilamde.

205. meoTxe ganmcxadebeli sasamarTlo samarTalwarmoebis dawyebamde

rCeboda tiraspolis policiis StabbinaSi.

206. tiraspolis policiis Stabbinis winaswari dakavebis izolatorSi

dakiTxva kvlav RamiT xdeboda. ganmcxadeblebs gamudmebiT scemdnen,

gansakuTrebiT ki me-14 armiis garnizonis Stabbinidan maTi gadmoyvanis

momdevno Tves.

207. saknebs ar hqonda bunebrivi ganaTeba. pirveli kviris ganmavlobaSi maT

ar aZlevdnen ojaxis wevrebTan an advokatebTan Sexvedris uflebas.

mogvianebiT diskreciul sawyisebze maT misces ufleba, Sexvedrodnen

ojaxis wevrebs da mieRoT amanaTebi, rac savaraudod araregularuli

intervalebiT xorcieldeboda. maT Zalian xSirad ar SeeZloT eWamaT

ojaxis mier gamogzavnili saWmeli, radgan is fuWdeboda usafrTxoebis

mizniT Catarebuli Cxrekisa da gasinjvis dros. maT ar SeeZloT mieRoT an

gaegzavnaT werilebi da Sexvedrodnen TavianT advokatebs.

208. xsenebuli periodis ganmavlobaSi ganmcxadeblebs mxolod Zalian

iSviaTad SeeZloT enaxaT eqimi; rodesac maT mimarT iyenebdnen xolme

arasaTanado mopyrobas, eqimebis vizitebi didi xnis Semdeg xorcieldeboda

xolme.

halucinogenma wamlebma, romlebsac b-n ivantoSs asmevdnen, daaavades igi

qronikuli

SakikiT.

xsenebuli

periodis

ganmavlobaSi

mas

ar

mkurnalobdnen Tavis tkivilis gamo, xolo mis cols ar aZlevdnen

uflebas, gaegzavna misTvis wamlebi.

209. b-nma ilaSkum pivrelad SeZlo Sexvedroda advokats 1992 wlis

seqtemberSi, dakavebidan ramdenime Tvis Semdeg.

210. daudgenel dRes ganmcxadeblebi gadayvanilni iqnen tiraspolis cixeSi

maTi

sasamarTlo

samarTalwarmoebis

momzadebis

procesisaTvis.

sasamarTlo

samarTalwarmoebis

mimdinareobisas

ganxorcielebuli

patimrobis dros isini eqvemdebarebodnen araadamianuri da Rirsebis

Semlaxveli mopyrobis sxvadasxva formas: maT sastikad scemdnen, uqsevdnen

germanul nagazebs, amyofebdnen ganmartoebiT patimrobaSi da amaragebdnen

cru informaciiT politikur situaciasa da maTi ojaxebis wevrebis

janmrTelobasTan

dakavSirebiT,

raTa

eiZulebinaT,

gaTavisuflebis

sanacvlod xeli moeweraT aRiarebaze, bolos ki aSinebdnen sikvdiliT

dasjiT.

211. andrei ivantoSs da tudor petrov-popas asmevdnen fsiqiatriul

nivTierebebs, ris Sedegadac b-ni ivantoSi ganicdida sulier moSlilobas.

4. ganmcxadebelTa sasamarTlo samarTalwarmoeba da msjavrdeba

212. ganmcxadeblebi wardgenilni iqnen `mdr-s uzenaesi sasamarTlos~

winaSe, romelic sxdomebs marTavda kirovis saxelmwifo kompaniaSi,

mogvianebiT ki tiraspolis kulturis saxlis sakoncerto darbazSi.

sasamarTlo samarTalwarmoebis dros, romelic daiwyo 1993 wlis 21

aprils da damTavrda 1993 wlis 9 dekembers, sasamarTlo darbazSi Sesvlis

uflebamosileba hqondaT mxolod moldovelebs, romlebsac gaaCndaT

dnestrispireTSi

cxovrebis ufleba.

darbazSi

scenis

win

idgnen

SeiaraRebuli policielebi da jariskacebi. ganmcxadeblebi sasamarTlo

procesebs eswrebodnen da Caketilni iyvnen rkinis galiebSi. mowmeebs

SesaZlebloba hqondaT, sasamarTlo samarTalwarmoebas daswrebodnen

survilisamebr da raime moTxovnis gareSe daetovebinaT darbazi, maSin,

rodesac

samarTalwarmoebisas

sxva

mowmeebi

ganmcxadeblebs

iZleodnen

Cvenebas.

sasamarTlo

ufleba,

ramdenimejer

misces

dalaparakebodnen TavianT advokatebs mxolod SeiaraRebuli policelis

TandaswrebiT. sasamarTlo samarTalwarmoeba mimdinareobda daZabul

atmosferoSi, sazogadoebis mxridan ganmcxadeblebisadmi siZulvilis

gamomxatveli plakatebis fonze. rogorc es ganmcxadeblebis mier

sasamarTlos

registraturis

winaSe

wardgenili

im

fotoebidan

dasturdeba, romlebic gadaRebuli iyo sasamarTlos darbazSi da

gamoqveynda moldovur gazeTSi, erT-erT plakatze ewera: `teroristebma

pasuxi unda agon~.

213. ganmcxadeblebs asamarTlebda sami mosamarTlisagan Semdgari kolegia,

romelSic Sediodnen q-ni ivanova, moldovis uzenaesi sasamarTlos yofili

mosamarTle, Tavmjdomare; b-ni miazini, sasamarTlo samarTalwarmoebis

droisaTvis 28 wlis asakis, romelic erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi muSaobda

moldovis generalur prokuraturaSi `mdr-s uzenas sasamarTloSi~

daniSvnamde, da b-ni zenini.

214. ganaCeni asaxavs, rom komendanti mixail bergmani, rod-is oficeri,

gamodioda mowmed. man sasamarTlos moaxsena, rom misi qveSevrdomebi

ganmcxadeblebs ar epyrobodnen arasaTanadod ganmcxadebelTa me-14 armiis

SenobaSi yofnis dros da rom ganmcxadeblebs ar gamouxatavT raime saxis

pretenzia.

215. sasamarTlom ganaCeni gamoitana 1993 wlis 9 dekembers.

216. sasamarTlom pirveli ganmcxadebeli braleulad miiCnia ramdenime

danaSaulis CadenaSi, romlebic moldaveTis sabWoTa socialisturi

respublikis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT iyo gaTvaliswinebuli, maT

Soris: erovnuli uSiSroebis winaaRmdeg danaSaulis Cadenis waqezeba

(muxli 67), saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg gansakuTrebiT saSiSi danaSaulebis

Cadenis organizeba (muxli 69), saxelmwifo xelisuflebis warmomadgenlis

mkvleloba teroris gaCaRebis mizniT (muxli 63), ganzrax mkvleloba

(muxli 88), satransporto saSualebis ukanono gziT daufleba (muxli 182),

sxvisi qonebis ganzrax ganadgureba (muxli 127) da aRWurvilobisa da

asafeTqebeli nivTierebebis ukanono an unebarTvo gamoyeneba (muxli 227).

sasamarTlom pirvel ganmcxadebels sikvdiliT dasja da qonebis

CamorTmeva miusaja.

217. sasamarTlom meore ganmcxadebeli braleulad miiCnia saxelmwifo

xelisuflebis warmomadgenlis mkvlelobaSi teroris gaCaRebis mizniT

(muxli 63), sxvisi qonebis ganzrax ganadgurebaSi (muxli 127) da

asafeTqebeli nivTierebebis unebarTvo gamoyenebaSi (muxli 227, punqti 2).

sasamarTlom ganmcxadebels miusaja 12 wliani patimroba SromagasworebiT

mkacr koloniaSi da qonebis CamorTmeva.

218. mesame ganmcxadebeli braleulad miiCnies saxelmwifo xelisuflebis

warmomadgenlis mkvlelobaSi teroris gaCaRebis mizniT (muxli 63),

asafeTqebeli nivTierebebis unebarTvo gamoyenebasa da qurdobaSi (muxli

227 da 227-1 punqti 2), cxenSebmuli urmis ukanono dauflebaSi (muxli 182

punqti 3), sxvisi qonebis ganzrax ganadgurebaSi (muxli 127) da TavdasxmaSi

(muxli 96 punqti 2). sasamarTlom mas miusaja TxuTmeti wliT patimroba

SromagasworebiT koloniaSi da qonebis konfiskacia.

219. meoTxe ganmcxadebeli braleulad cnes saxelmwifo xelisuflebis

warmomadgenlis mkvlelobaSi teroris gaCaRebis mizniT (muxli 63),

TavdasxmaSi (muxli 96 punqti 2), cxenSebmuli urmis ukanono dauflebaSi

(muxli 182 punqti 3), sxvisi qonebis ganzrax ganadgurebaSi (muxli 127) da

asafeTqebeli nivTierebebis unebarTvo gamoyenebasa da qurdobaSi (muxli

227 da 227-1 punqti 2). sasamarTlom mas miusaja 15 wliT patimroba da

qonebis konfiskacia.

b. ganmcxadebelTa msjavrdebis Semdeg ganviTarebuli movlenebi

220. 1993 wlis 9 dekembers moldovis respublikis prezidentma ganacxada,

rom ganmcxadebelTa msjavrdeba ukanono iyo im safuZvelze, rom

arakonstituciuri sasamarTlos mier iyo gamotanili.

221. 1993 wlis 28 dekembers moldovis generaluri prokuroris moadgilem

brZana

sisxlis

samarTalwarmoebis

aRZvra

im

`mosamarTleebis~,

`prokurorebisa~ da sxva pirebis winaaRmdeg, romlebic Cabmulni iyvnen

ganmcxadebelTa winaaRmdeg dnestrispireTSi ganxorcielebul gamoZiebaSi.

xsenebul pirebs brali edebodaT moldovis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis

192-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli ukanono dakavebis ganxorcielebaSi.

222. 1994 wlis 3 Tebervals moldovis respublikis uzenaesma sasamarTlom

sakuTari iniciativiT ganixila 1993 wlis 9 dekembers `mdr-s uzenaesi

sasamarTlos~ mier gamotanili ganaCeni, gaauqma igi im safuZvelze, rom

gamotanili iyo arakonstituciuri sasamarTlos mier da brZana, saqme

gadascemoda moldovis prokuraturas axali gamoZiebis warsamarTavad

sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kanonmdeblobis 93-e muxlis Sesabamisad.

warmodgenili werilobiTi informaciidan, kerZod ki moldovis mTavrobis

mier warmodgenili informaciidan da 2003 wlis martSi sasamarTlos mier

kiSiniovSi mopovebuli mowmeTa Cvenebebidan Cans, rom 1994 wlis

3

Tebervals ganaCenSi miTiTebuli gamoZieba ar dasrulebula araviTari

SedegiT (ix. danarTi: b-ni postovani,punqti 184 da b-ni rusu, punqti 302).

223. moldovis uzenaesma sasamarTlom aseve gaauqma ganmcxadebelTa

patimrobis brZaneba, brZana maTi gaTavisufleba da mosTxova prokurors,

ganexila e.w. `mdr-s mosamarTleebis~ sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismgeblobis

sakiTxi maT mier ganzrax ukanono gadawyvetilebis gamotanisaTvis,

danaSaulisaTvis, romelic isjeba sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 190-e-192-e

muxlebiT.

224. `mdr~-s xelisuflebis organoebs ar upasuxiaT 1994 wlis 3 Tebervlis

ganaCenTan dakavSirebiT.

225. moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma aRZres gamoZieba b-ni gusarisa da

b-ni ostapenkos sikvdilTan dakavSirebiT 1992 wlis april-maisSi

Sesabamisad, magram sagamoZiebo samsaxurebma SeaCeres igi 1994 wlis 6

ivniss moldovis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 172-e muxlis me-3 punqtis

Sesabamisad,

dnestrispireTis

marTlmsajulebisa

Tu

policiis

organoebTan raime TanamSromlobis gareSe. gamoZieba ganaxlda 2000 wlis 9

seqtembers. Sedegad TanamSromlobasTan dakavSirebuli ramdenime moTxovna

(dokumentebis gadacemisa) gaegzavna `mdr-s prokurors~ b-n zaxarovs. ver

miiRes ra veranairi pasuxi, moldovis sagamoZiebo organoebma kidev

erTxel SeaCeres gamoZieba 2000 wlis 9 dekembers. amis Semdeg gamoZieba

aRar ganaxlebula.

226. 1995 wlis 4 agvistos brZanebulebiT moldovis prezidentma gamosca

amnistiis

kanoni

moldovis

konstituciis

saiubileo

wlisTavTan

dakavSirebiT. amnistia exeboda 1990 wlis 1 ianvris Semdgom periodSi

dnestris marcxena sanapiroze sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 227, 227-1 da

227-2 muxlebiT gaTvaliswinebul danaSaulebSi msjavrdebul pirebs.

227. 1995 wlis 3 oqtombers moldovis parlamentma TxovniT mimarTa

mTavrobas, prioritetulad ganexila ganmcxadeblebis patimrobis problema

rogorc politikuri niSniT patimrobaSi myofi pirebisa da regularulad

ecnobebina parlamentisaTvis situaciis ganviTarebisa da miRebuli zomebis

Sesaxeb. parlamentma aseve mosTxova sagareo saqmeTa saministros,

ganmcxadebelTa (`ilaSkus jgufis~) gaTavisuflebis uzrunvelyofis

mizniT moepovebina myari mxardaWera im qveynebisgan, sadac moldovas

diplomatiuri misiebi hqonda.

228. pirveli ganmcxadebeli, miuxedavad im faqtisa, rom patimrobaSi

imyofeboda, arCeuli iqna moldovas parlamentis wevrad 1994 wlis 25

Tebervals da xelmeored 1998 wlis 22 marts, magram Tavisuflebis

SezRudvis gamo ar Sesdgomia parlamentaris funqciebis ganxorcielebas.

229. 2000 wlis 16 agvistos prokurorma Zaladakargulad gamoacxada 1993

wlis 28 dekemebris `mdr-s mosamarTleebisa~ da `prokurorebis~ winaaRmdeg

gamotanili brZaneba (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 221-e punqti), imis

safuZvelze, rom saxeze SesaZloa yofiliyo mxolod sisxlis samarTlis

kodeqsis 190-e da 192-e muxlebiT gaTvaliswinebuli Tavisuflebis ukanono

aRkveTa,

rodesac

Sesabamisi

RonisZieba

iqna

ganxorcielebuli

mosamarTleebisa da prokurorebis mier, romlebic daniSnulni iyvnen

moldovis kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad, rac winamdebare SemTxvevaSi ase ar

iyo. prokurori aseve acxadebda, rom, misi azriT, mizanSewonili ar iyo

gamoZiebis dawyeba TaRliTuri gziT patimrobaSi moTavsebasTan an

Zalauflebis uzurpaciasTan Tu oficialuri piris statusis miTvisebasTan

dakavSirebiT, rac danaSaulis saxiT gaTvaliswinebuli iyo sisxlis

samarTlis kodeqsis 116-e da 207-e muxlebiT Sesabamisad, imis safuZvelze,

rom gamoZieba xandazmuli iyo da eWvmitanili damnaSaveebi uars

acxadebdnen, daxmareba gaewiaT xelisuflebis organoebisaTvis warmoebul

mokvlevaSi.

230. imave dRes prokurorma aRZra gamoZieba hlinaias cixis ufrosis

winaaRmdeg, ukanono patimrobisa da xelisuflebis warmomadgenlis an

analogiuri Zalauflebis uzurpirebis braldebiT, danaSaulisa, romelic

gansazRvrulia sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 116-e da 207-e muxlebiT.

moldovis mTavrobis mier warmodgenili informaciis da kiSiniovSi 2003

wels sasamarTlos mier dakiTxul mowmeTa Cvenebebis Tanaxmad xsenebuli

gamoZieba ar damTavrebula araviTari SedegiT (ix. danarTi: b-ni rusu,

punqti 302, da b-ni sturca, punqti 314).

231. 2000 wlis

4

oqtombers, b-ni ilaSkus moTxovniT, rumineTis

xelisuflebis organoebma mas mianiWes rumineTis moqalaqeoba #21/1991

kanonis Tanaxmad.

232. 2000 wlis 26 noembers b-ni ilaSku arCeuli iqna rumineTis parlamentis

me-2 palataSi. ganacxada ra uari moldovis moqalaqeobasa da moldovis

parlamentis wevrobaze, man uflebamosileba moixsna 2000 wlis

oqtombers.

4

233. 2001 wels b-n ivantoSsa da b-n leSkos maTi Txovnis safuZvelze aseve

mieniWaT rumineTis moqalaqeoba.

234. 2001 wlis

5

maiss b-ni ilaSku gaTavisuflebuli iqna. misi

gaTavisuflebis garemoebebi, romlebic sadavo Seiqmna, Sejamebulia

winamdebare ganaCenis 279-e-282-e punqtebSi.

g. ganmcxadebelTa patimroba msjavrdebis Semdeg

235. pirveli ganmcxadebeli, b-ni ilaSku, patimrobaSi imyofeboda

tiraspolis #2 sapyrobileSi 1993 wlis 9 dekembers mis msjavrdebamde.

SemdgomSi igi gadayvanili iqna hlinaias sapyrobilis im nawilSi, romelic

gankuTvnili iyo sikvdilmisjilTaTvis, da rCeboda iq 1998 wlis

ivlisamde, rodesac igi kvlav gadaiyvanes tiraspolis #2 sapyrobileSi.

igi rCeboda iq 2001 wlis maisSi gaTavisuflebamde.

236. b-ni aleqsandru leSko sasamarTlo ganxilvis Semdeg gadayvanili iqna

tiraspolis #2 sapyrobileSi, sadac amJamadac patimrobaSi rCeba.

237. andrei ivantoSi msjavrdebis Semdeg gadayvanili iqna hlinaias

sapyrobileSi, sadac igi savaraudod darCa mxolod ramdenime kviris

ganmavlobaSi. avadmyofobis gamo pirvelad igi daawvines saavadmyofoSi da

mxolod Semdeg gadaiyvanes tiraspolis #2 sapyrobileSi, sadac igi

dRemde rCeba.

238. b-ni tudor petrov-popa sasamarTlo ganxilvis dawyebamde cota xniT

adre gadayvanili iqna tiraspolis #2 sapyrobileSi. 2001 wlis maisSi b-ni

ilaSkus gaTavisuflebis Semdeg garkveuli xnis gasvlis Semdgom b-ni

petrov-popa gadayvanili iqna hlinaias sapyrobileSi, sadac igi rCeboda

2003 wlis

4

ivnisamde, rodesac igi gadaiyvanes tiraspolis #3

sapyrobileSi, cixis administraciis TqmiT, `advokatTan urTierTobis

gaadvilebis mizniT~.

239. ganmcxadebelTa dakavebidan pirveli Tveebis ganmavlobaSi moldovis

mTavroba finansur daxmarebas uwevda maT ojaxebs. garda amisa,

xelisuflebis organoebma moiZies sacxovrebeli farTi im ganmcxadebelTa

ojaxebisaTvis, romlebic valdebulni iyvnen, daetovebinaT dnestrispireTi,

zogjer

ki

sxva

saxis

daxmarebasac

uwevdnen,

pirvel

rigSi,

ganmcxadeblebTan Sesaxvedrad manqanebis gamoyofis gziT da meore rigSi

ganmcxadebelTa patimrobis pirobebis gasaumjobeseblad maTTvis eqimebisa

da gazeTebis gagzavnis gziT (ix. danarTi: b-ni sneguri, punqti 240, b-ni

mosanu, punqti 248, da b-ni sangheli, punqti 267).

1. patimrobis pirobebi

240. ganmcxadeblebi patimrobaSi imyofebodnen, garda Zalian mcire

periodisa, ganmartoebiT, TiToeuli Tavis sakuTar sakanSi, garda b-ni

leSkosi, romelic ganmartoebiT patimrobaSi imyofeboda mxolod pirveli

ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi.

b-ni ilaSku mudmivad ganmartoebiT patimrobaSi imyofeboda. mas ar hqonda

ufleba, gaegzavna da mieRo korespondencia, magram mainc axerxebda

sapyrobilidan ramdenime werilis gagzavnas.

241.

hlinaias

sapyrobileSi

b-ni

ilaSku

patimrobaSi

imyofeboda

sikvdilmisjilTaTvis gankuTvnil fligelSi. misi patimrobis pirobebi

ufro autaneli iyo, vidre sxva ganmcxadeblebisa. mis sakanSi iyo saknisave

moculobis rkinis galia. galiaSi moTavsebuli iyo sawoli da magida,

romlebic aseve rkinisagan iyo gakeTebuli.

b-n ilaSkus ekrZaleboda dalaparakeba sxva patimrebTan an mesakneebTan,

amitom igi marto gahyavdaT xolme yoveldRiur gaseirnebaze, romelic

xorcieldeboda xolme saRamoobiT daxurul sivrceSi.

b-ni ilaSkus dRiur racions Seadgenda 100 grami Wvavis puri dReSi samjer

da uSaqro Cai dReSi orjer. saRamoobiT igi aseve iRebda e.w, `balandas~,

romelic dafSvnili simindisagan mzaddeba.

242. ganmcxadebelTa sakani ar naTdeboda bunebrivi sinaTliT: sinaTlis

erTaderTi wyaro iyo derefanSi mdebare eleqtronaTura, romlis Suqi

TiToeul sakanSi Sedioda karis gaReba-daxurvisas.

243. ganmcxadeblebs mxolod Zalian iSviaTad SeeZloT Sxapis miReba da

ramdenime Tvis ganmavlobaSi iyvnen xolme daubanelni.

244. arc erTi sakani, romelSic b-ni ilaSku imyofeboda patimrobis

periodSi, zamTarSic ki ar Tbeboda.

245. hlinaiasa da tiraspolis cixeebSi ganmcxadeblebs hqondaT civi wyali

saknebSi, xolo tualetebi ar iyo gamocalkevebuli saknis danarCeni

nawilisagan.

246. ganmcxadeblebs SeeZloT mieRoT amanaTebi da Sexvedrodnen ojaxis

wevrebs,

Tumca

xsenebulTan

dakavSirebuli

Sesabamisi

nebarTva

sistematurad ar gaicemoda xolme cixis mmarTvelebis mier.

ramdenimejer

vizitebTan

dakavSirebuli

nebarTvis

gacemaze

uari

ganacxades igor smirnovma da vladimir antiufeevma/Sevcovma.

247.

radgan

amanaTebi

iCxrikeboda,

maTSi

moTavsebuli

saWmeli

gamoyenebisTvis uvargisi xdeboda xolme. im faqtTan dakavSirebiT, rom

arasakmarisi raodenobis saWmeli eZleodaT, xelisuflebis organoebi ki

zogjer uars eubnebodnen ojaxis wevrebis mier mitanili saWmlis

gadacemaze, agreTve, imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom saWmeli fuWdeboda

Semowmebis procesSi, ganmcxadeblebma ramdenimejer daiwyes SimSiloba.

248. 1999 wels b-n ilaSkus neba darTes, Sexvedroda q-n Jozete durieus,

evropis sabWos saparlamento asambleis wevrs, da b-n vasile sturcas,

dnestrispireTTan molaparakebis komitetis Tavmjdomares.

249. 1999 wlis martSi moldovis parlamentisaTvis gagzavnil werilSi,

romelic exeboda moldovis samTavrobo kriziss, b-ni ilaSku mxardaWeras

premier-ministris Tanamdebobaze daniSvnasTan dakavSirebiT ucxadebda b-n

ion sturcas. prezidentma misi werili gaaxmaura da saSualeba misca

parlaments,

Seegrovebina

xmebis

umravlesoba,

raTa

b-ni

sturca

daniSnuliyo premier-ministrad.

1999 wels sturcas mTavrobisadmi simpaTiis gamoxatvis Semdeg da am

mTavrobis 9 Tviani arsebobis dros b-n ilaSkus ar misces nebarTva,

Sexvedroda Tavisi ojaxis romelime wevrs an mieRo raime saxis amanaTi.

aseTive SezRudvebs daeqvemdebarnen sxva ganmcxadeblebic, gansakuTrebiT

ki b-ni ivantoSi.

250. sasamarTlosadmi 1999 wlis 14 maiss miweril werilSi b-ni ivantoSi

werda, rom b-ni ilaSkus parlamentisadmi gagzavnil werils mohyva

ganmcxadebelTa pirobebis, gansakuTrebiT ki b-ni ilaSkus patimrobis

pirobebis gauareseba.

251. 1999 wlis 17 ivlisiT daTariRebul werilSi b-ni ivantoSi atyobinebda

sazogadoebas, rom protestis niSnad daiwyo SimSiloba im pirobebis gamo,

romlebSic is da misi megobrebi imyofebodnen. igi aRniSnavda, magaliTad,

rom ar SeeZlo dakavSireboda advokats da uflebas ar aZlevdnen,

Sexvedroda eqimebs an wiTeli jvris warmomadgenlebs. igi amtkicebda, rom

moldovis xelisuflebis pasiuroba dnestrispireTSi arsebul

situaciasTan dakavSirebiT, kerZod ki ilaSkus jgufTan mimarTebaSi,

warmoadgenda dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis mimarT dumiliT gamoxatul

mxardaWeras.

252. 1999 wlis 29 ivlisis werilobiT gancxadebaSi b-ni ivantoSi, romelic

77 dRe iyo, rac SimSilobda, brals uyenebda kiSiniovis xelmZRvanelobas

imis gamo, rom is arafers akeTebda, raTa daecva adamianis uflebebi

moldovaSi da `karg dros atarebda~ dnestrispireTis separatist

liderebTan erTad. b-ni ivantoSi aseve gamoTqvamda pretenzias tiraspolis

cixis administraciis mimarT imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom mas da b-n ilaSkus

ar aZlevdnen uflebas, Sexvedrodnen eqims, da acxadebda, rom b-n ilaSkus,

romelic ganmartoebiT imyofeboda didi xnis ganmavlobaSi, arasaTanadod

epyrobodnen. misi saknidan gatanili iqna yvelanairi saxis aveji da

tansacmeli, garda Tbili qurTukisa, da mas gamudmebiT scemdnen

`specialuri

jarebis~

wevrebi,

romlebic

urCevdnen,

Caedina

TviTmkvleloba.

253. 2000 wlis 10 maiss sasamarTlosadmi miweril werilSi b-ni ilaSku

aRniSnavda, rom mas ar aZlevdnen uflebas, Sexvedroda eqims 1997 wlidan.

eqimebma, romlebic am droisaTvis gamogzavnes kiSiniovidan, gasinjes b-ni

ilaSku da Seadgines daskvna misi janmrTelobis mdgomareobasTan

dakavSirebiT, romelsac isini seriozuls uwodebdnen. zemoxsenebul

werilSi b-ni ilaSku brals sdebda moldovis xelisuflebis organoebs

pirferobasa da orpirobaSi da amtkicebda, rom, miuxedavad maTi

mowodebebisa ganmcxadeblebis gaTavisuflebasTan dakavSirebiT, isini

akeTebdnen yvelafers rac SeeZloT, raTa xeli SeeSalaT maTTvis

Tavisuflebis mopovebaSi.

254. 2002 wlis 14 ianvars ganmcxadebelTa warmomadgenelma, b-nma dinum

acnoba sasamarTlos, rom karcerSi moTavsebuli sami ganmcxadeblis

patimrobis pirobebi gauaresda 2001 wlis ivnisis Semdeg. b-n ivantoSs

yovelgvari axsna-ganmartebis gareSe aukrZales colTan Sexvedra.

b-nma ivantoSma da b-nma leSkom daiwyes mxolod purisa da wylis miReba. b-

ni petrov-popa gadayvanili iqna hlinaias sapyrobileSi, sruli izolaciis

pirobebSi; mas ganucxades, rom uflebas ar darTavdnen, Sexvedroda vinmes

6 Tvis ganmavlobaSi.

255. b-ni ilaSkus garda, ganmcxadeblebs korespondenciis warmoebis

uflebas aZlevdnen mxolod rusul enaze, ruminul enaze dawerili

werilebi ikrZaleboda. maT werilebs amowmebdnen. maT, rogorc wesi, ar

SeeZloT mieRoT gazeTebi ruminul enaze.

256. b-n ivantoSs aukrZales colTan Sexvedra 2003 wlis 15 Tebervlidan,

Tumca erTi kviris Semdeg vizitebis nebarTva ganaxlda.

257. 2003 wlis martSi sasamarTlos delegatebis mier mowmeTa dakiTxvaze

dnestrispireTis cixis administraciam ikisra valdebuleba, neba daerTo

ganmcxadebelTa advokatebisaTvis, Sexvedrodnen dnestrispireTSi myof maT

klientebs. b-nma tanasem SeZlo pirvelad moenaxulebina Tavisi klienti, b-

ni leSko, daudgenel dRes, 2003 wlis maisSi Tu ivnisSi. b-n gabrinceas

SesaZlebloba mieca, moenaxulebina Tavisi klientebi pirvelad maTi

karcerSi Casmis Semdeg 2003 wlis 20 ivniss.

258. mowmeTa Cvenebebsa da mis xelT arsebul sxva mtkicebulebebze (maT

Soris,

samedicino

konsultaciebis

aRricxvis

Jurnalze,

romelic

inaxeboda ganmcxadebelTa patimrobis adgilebSi) dayrdnobiT sasamarTlom

daadgina is pirobebi, romlebSic warimarTeboda xolme ganmcxadebelTa

samedicino Semowmeba.

259.

sasamarTlo

zogadad

aRniSnavs,

rom

patimrobis

periodSi

ganmcxadebelTa janmrTelobis mdgomareoba gauaresda.

maT SeeZloT moTxovnisamebr Sexvedrodnen cixis eqims, romelic

gasinjvaSi Semoifargleboda palpaciiTa da mosmeniT.

260. aleqsandru leSkos, miuxedavad imisa, rom itanjeboda mwvave

arTritiT, pankreasiTa da kbilis daCirqebiT, nebarTvas ar aZlevdnen,

Sexvedroda eqims. mas gauuaresda mxedveloba.

261. Tumca 1995 wels b-ni leSko gadayvanili iqna tiraspolSi mdebare

saavadmyofoSi da mas gaukeTes pankreasis operacia.

262.

mkurnalobdnen. maT SeeZloT mxolod maTi ojaxis wevrebis mier

gamogzavnili wamlebis miReba. cixis `administracia~ eyrdnoboda

ramdenime

mcire

gamonaklisis

garda,

ganmcxadeblebs

ar

usafrTxoebis motivs, rogorc safuZvels ganmcxadeblebisaTvis im

farmacevtuli sainformacio furclebis CamorTmevisa, romlebic Tan

mohyveboda xolme wamlebs.

263. moldovis xelisuflebis organoebTan molaparakebebis, gansakuTrebiT

ki

prezident

sneguris

Carevis

Semdeg

dnestrispireTis

cixis

administraciam neba darTo kiSiniovidan Camosul specialistebs, gaesinjaT

ganmcxadeblebi. amgvarad, 1995 da 1999 wlebs Soris ganmcxadeblebi

ramdenimejer gasinjes moldovidan Camosulma samedicino komisiebma,

romlebic Sedgeboda b-ni lesanisa da b-ni tibrinasagan. 1999 wels vizitebi

ganxorcielda ianvridan martamde, Semdeg ki noemberSi.

erTxel b-n ilaSkus gadauRes kardiograma; b-n ivantoSs Cautares operacia

RviZlze; b-n petrov-popas gaukeTes tuberkulozis sawinaaRmdego ineqcia

da dauniSnes mkurnaloba.

gasinjva xdeboda cixis eqimebisa da mesakneebis TandaswrebiT. moldoveli

eqimebis mier gamowerili wamlebi, rogorc es cixis saregistracio

JurnalSia aRniSnuli, ar iqna motanili, da ganmcxadeblebi iRebdnen

mxolod im wamlebs, romlebsac ojaxis wevrebi ugzavnidnen.

orjer b-n ilaSkus neba darTes, gasinjuliyo wiTeli jvris eqimebTan.

264.

b-ni

petrov-popa,

romelic

daavadebuli

iyo

tuberkuloziT,

mkurnalobda daaxloebiT 6 Tvis ganmavlobaSi, 1999 wlis martamde. Tumca

wamlebis umetesobas mas ojaxis wevrebi ugzavnidnen.

265. arc erT ganmcxadebels ar SeeZlo mieRo dieturad Sesaferisi sakvebi,

romelic maT eqimebma gamouweres, b-n ilaSkus saWmlis monelebasTan

dakavSirebuli problemebis gamo, b-n ivantoSs RviZlis daavadebis gamo, b-n

leSkos pankreasis gamo da b-n petrov-popas tuberkulozis gamo.

b-nma leSkom, b-nma ivantoSma da b-nma petrov-popam ganacxades, rom

daavadebulni iyvnen pankreasiT, RviZlis daavadebiTa da tuberkuloziT

Sesabamisad da ver iRebdnen Sesabamis mkurnalobas.

266. b-ni petrov-popa axla moTavsebulia imave sakanSi hlinaias

sapyrobileSi, romelSic b-ni ilaSku iyo gaTavisuflebamde, miuxedavad

imisa, rom arsebobs specialuri fligeli cixeSi tuberkuloziT

daavadebulTaTvis. 2002 wels dnestrispireTis axali sisxlis samarTlis

saproceso kanonmdeblobis ZalaSi Sesvlis Semdeg b-ni petrov-popas

pirobebi hlinaias cixeSi gaumjobesda, radgan mas nebas rTaven, miiRos

damatebiTi amanaTebi da samiT meti Sexvedra. xsenebul gaumjobesebasTan

dakavSirebuli brZaneba gasca hlinaias cixis mmarTvelma ganmcxadeblis

kargi saqcielis gamo.

2. arasaTanado mopyroba

267. hlinaiaSi patimrobis pirveli ramdenime Tvis ganmavlobaSi b-ni ilaSku

ramdenimejer awames.

Zalian mcire safuZvlis gamo b-ni ilaSku gadahyavdaT karcerSi.

268. tiraspolis #2 cixeSi gadayvanis Semdeg b-ni ilaSkus situacia cota

gaumjobesda im mxriv, rom mas aRar sjidnen ise xSirad, rogorc es

hlinaias cixeSi xdeboda, da arasaTanadod epyrobodnen mxolod garkveuli

movlenebis Semdeg.

magaliTad, presaSi ganmcxadeblebis Sesaxeb statiis gamoqveynebis Semdeg

mesakneebi Sevidnen b-ni ilaSkus da b-ni ivantoSis saknebSi da CamoarTves

an gaanadgures napovni nivTebi. mesakneebma sastikad urtyes ganmcxadeblebs

da 24 saaTiT moaTavses karcerSi.

269. b-ni ilaSkusa da b-ni ivantoSis saknebi kvlav Seaviwroves mas Semdeg,

rac

b-nma

ilaSkum

mxari

dauWira

sturcas

mTavrobas,

agreTve,

sasamarTloSi ganacxadis Setanis Semdeg. ganadgurebul nivTebSi moxvda

ganmcxadebelTa Svilebis suraTebi da xatebi. maT aseve gametebiT scemes.

sasamarTlos winaSe ganacxadis wardgenis Semdeg b-n ilaSkus scemes

jariskacebma, romlebic urtyamdnen avtomatebis kondaxebs. mere mas Caudes

pirSi pistoleti da emuqrebodnen mokvliT, Tuki erTxel kidev gabedavda

werilis gagzavnas sapyrobilidan. xsenebuli incidentis Semdeg b-nma

ilaSkum kbili dakarga.

270. 1999 wlis 14 maisiT daTariRebul zemoxsenebul werilSi andrei

ivantoSi acxadebda, rom wina dRes niRbiani samoqalaqo pirebi Sevidnen mis

sakanSi, Caartyes joxi TavSi, zurgSi, RviZlTan da ramdenimejer uTavazes

gulmkerdis areSi. Semdeg igi gaaTries derefanSi, sadac man dainaxa,

rogor artymevinebda polkovniki gusarevi ilie ilaSkus Tavs kedelze da

rogor urtyamda mas. polkovnikma gusarevma b-n ilaSkus pirSi pistoletis

lula Caudo da emuqreboda mokvliT. polkovnikma gusarevma ganucxada

ganmcxadeblebs, rom aseTi mopyroba ganpirobebuli iyo maT mier adamianis

uflebaTa

evropul

sasamarTloSi

ganacxadis

SetaniT.

imave

werilSiAandrei ivantoSi daJinebiT sTxovda moldovis parlamentsa da

mTavrobas, saerTaSoriso mediasa da adamianis uflebaTa damcvel

organizaciebs, Careuliyvnen, raTa bolo moeRoT im wamebisaTvis,

romelsac Tavad da danarCeni sami ganmcxadebeli eqvemdebarebodnen.

271. xsenebuli movlenebis Semdeg, rogorc es sasamarTlosaTvis b-ni

leSkos warmomadgenlis mier 1999 wlis 1 seqtembers gagzavnili werilidan

Cans, ganmcxadeblebs uari ganucxades sakvebis miwodebaze

ganmavlobaSi da Cauqres sinaTle 3 dRis ganmavlobaSi.

2

dRis

272. tiraspolSi mdebare b-ni ivantoSis sakani ramdenimejer iqna

awiokebuli 2002 wlis noemberSi da 2003 wlis 15 Tebervals an daaxloebiT

am TariRze.

d. 2001 wlis maisamde ganmcxadeblebis gaTavisuflebasTan dakavSirebiT

ganxorcielebuli RonisZiebebi

273.

molaparakebebi

moldovasa

da

ruseTis

federacias

Soris

dnestrispireTidan rusuli jarebis gayvanasTan dakavSirebiT, romelTa

drosac dnestrispireTis sakiTxis gadaWrac iqna naxsenebi, arasodes

Sexebia ganmcxadebelTa situacias. Tumca moldovisa da ruseTis

prezidentebs Soris warmoebuli msjelobebis dros mxareebi mudmivad

wamowevdnen xolme ganmcxadebelTa gaTavisuflebis sakiTxs (ix. danarTi:

Y, punqti 254).

274.

dnestrispireTis

sasamarTlos

mier

gamotanili

msjavrdebis

safuZvelze dnestrispireTSi patimrobaSi myofi yvela piris Sewyalebis

ganxilvis SesaZleblobasTan dakavSirebiT dnestrispireTis mxaris mier

komisiis SeqmnasTan mimarTebaSi (ix. b-ni sturca, punqtebi 309

moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma moipoves dapireba,

ganmcxadeblebs gaaTavisuflebdnen. xsenebul konteqstSi

generaluri prokuroris moadgile, b-ni sturca, ramdenimejer Cavida

tiraspolSi, raTa gaemarTa molaparakeba ganmcxadebelTa

da 311)

rom

moldovis

gaTavisuflebasTan dakavSirebiT, sul mcire ki b-n ilaSkusTan Sexvedris

Taobaze 1996 wels hlinaias sapyrobileSi.

b-ni sturca bolos tiraspolSi Cavida 2001 wlis 16 aprils, raTa

ganmcxadeblebi kiSiniovSi Camoeyvana, magram uSedegod. mxolod 2001 wlis

5 maiss iqna b-ni ilaSku gaTavisuflebuli (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 279-e

punqti).

275. 2001 wlis 23 Tebervlis werilSi moldovis prezidentma, b-nma

lukinsCim, da moldovaSi euTo-s misiis xelmZRvanelma, b-nma hilma

TxovniT

mimarTes

b-n

smirnovs,

gaeTavisuflebina

ganmcxadeblebi

humanitaruli mosazrebebis gamo.

276. 2001 wlis 12 aprils moldovis axalma prezidentma, b-nma voroninma,

kvlav mimarTa b-n smirnovs TxovniT, gaeTavisuflebina ganmcxadeblebi

humanitaruli mosazrebebis gamo.

277. dnestrispireTis mxaresTan molaparakebebis dawyebidan moldovis

xelisufleba regularulad amaxvilebda yuradRebas ganmcxadebelTa

situaciaze. kerZod, xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT msjeloba mimdinareobda

`mdr-s prokuraturis~, `mdr-s uzenaesi sasamarTlos~ warmomadgenlebTan,

`mdr-s iusticiis ministrTan~ da igor smirnovTan.

278. ganmcxadeblebma sasamarTlos warudgines 2001 wlis 19 apriliT

daTariRebuli zepiri nota moskovSi moldovis saelCosadmi, romelSic

ruseTis federaciis sagareo saqmeTa saministro moldovis mTavrobis

yuradRebas amaxvilebda im faqtze, rom memorandumi, romelic wardgenili

iyo adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlosadmi 2000 wlis oqtomberSi,

warmoaCenda ruseTis subieqtur rols ilaSkus jgufTan dakavSirebul

saqmeSi da aranairad ar asaxavda `ruseTis federaciasa da moldovas

Soris arsebuli urTierTobebis megobrul xasiaTs~. nota Semdegnairad

grZeldeboda:

`evropuli sasamarTlos didi palatis mier memorandumis ganxilvam,

romelic unda gaimarTos ama wlis 1 maiss, SesaZloa seriozuli ziani

miayenos ruseTis federaciasa da moldovas.

am konteqstSi rusuli mxare, eyrdnoba ra diplomatiur samsaxurebs Soris

miRweul

SeTanxmebas

memorandumis

gamoTxovnis

saWiroebasTan

dakavSirebiT, daJinebiT sTxovs moldovis mTavrobas, gadadgas yvela

aucilebeli nabiji, raTa uzrunvelyos xsenebuli dokumentis 30 aprilamde

ukan gaTxova da oficialurad acnobos evropul sasamarTlos da ruseTis

warmomadgenels xsenebulis Sesaxeb~.

e. b-ni ilaSkus gaTavisufleba 2001 wlis 5 maiss

279. b-ni ilaSkus gancxadebiT, 2001 wlis 5 maiss 5:30 sT-ze dnestrispireTis

`uSiSroebis ministri~, vladimir Sevcovi, romelic aseve cnobilia

antiufeevis gvariT, Sevida mis sakanSi da uTxra, rom swrafad Caecva,

radgan unda waredginaT `mdr-s prezidentis~ winaSe. ganmcxadebelma yvela

Tavisi

piradi

nivTi

sakanSi

datova

da

or

jariskacze

xelborkildadebuli Casves manqanaSi. vladimir Sevcovi aseve Cajda

manqanaSi. ganmcxadebeli Caiyvanes kiSiniovSi da prezidentis sasaxlidan

100 metris daSorebiT gadasces moldovis saidumlo samsaxuris ufross b-n

pasats. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom b-nma Sevcovma b-ni pasatis gverdiT

xmamaRla waikiTxa misi gadacemis dokumenti, romelsac Semdegi Sinaarsi

hqonda: `patimari ilaSku, romelsac Seefarda sikvdiliT dasja, gadaeca

moldovis kompetentur organoebs~. dokumentis gadacemis Semdeg b-nma

Sevcovma savaraudod ganacxada, rom sasjeli ZalaSi rCeboda da

ganxorcielebuli

dabrundeboda.

iqneboda,

Tuki

b-ni

ilaSku

dnestrispireTSi

amis

Semdeg

moldovis

specsamsaxurebma

ganmcxadebeli

waiyvanes

uSiSroebis saministroSi, sadac gaTavisuflebamde dakiTxes.

280. 2001 wlis 22 ivniss moldovis mTavrobam acnoba sasamarTlos

Tavmjdomares, rom moldovis respublikis prezidentma b-nma voroninma b-ni

ilaSkus

gaTavisuflebis

Sesaxeb

gaigo

werilidan,

romelic

mas

gamougzavna b-nma smirnovma 2001 wlis 5 maiss. xsenebul werilSi b-ni

smirnovi iTxovda, rom dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebis mxridan

keTili nebis gamovlenis sanacvlod moldovas daegmo `1992 wels

ganxorcielebuli agresia dnestrispireTis xalxis winaaRmdeg~, moexdina

`mdr~-s mier agresiis Sedegad gancdili materialuri zianis sruli

anazRaureba da `bodiSi moexada dnestrispireli xalxisaTvis miyenebuli

tkivilisa da tanjvisaTvis~.

281. 2001 wlis 16 noembris werilSi moldovis mTavrobam sasamarTlos

warudgina `mdr~-s prezidentis b-ni smirnovis mier xelmowerili ramdenime

brZanebuleba.

1999 wlis brZanebuleba #263 exeboda 1999 wlis 1 seqtembridan `mdr~-s

teritoriaze

sikvdiliT

dasjis

ganxorcielebaze

moratoriumis

gamocxadebas. moratoriumi aseve gamoiyeneboda im ganaCenebTan mimarTebaSi,

romlebic gamotanili iyo xsenebul dRemde, magram ar iyo aRsrulebuli

brZanebulebis ZalaSi Sesvlamde, rac ganxorcielda xelmowerisa da

oficialur beWdviT organoSi gamoqveynebisTanave. b-ni smirnovis mier 2001

wlis 5 maiss xelmowerili brZanebuleba #198 iwyalebda b-n ilaSkus da

brZanebda mis gaTavisuflebas. brZanebuleba ZalaSi Sevida xelmoweris

dRes.

moldovis mTavrobas ar gaukeTebia komentari b-ni ilaSkus savaraudo

gadayvanasTan

dakavSirebiT,

man

sasamarTlos

warudgina

mxolod

ganmcxadebelTan dakavSirebuli brZanebuleba. mTavrobas ar gaukeTebia

aseve komentari brZanebulebis namdvilobasTan dakavSirebiT. Tumca

mTavrobam daamata, rom brZanebulebis xelmoweramde b-nma smirnovma

sikvdiliT dasja samudamo patimrobiT Secvala.

b-ni ilaSku amtkicebda, rom b-ni smirnovis brZanebuleba iyo gayalbebuli

misi gaTavisuflebis Semdeg. igi amtkicebda, rom, misi gaTavisuflebis

miuxedavad, misi msjavrdeba kvlav ZalaSi rCeboda da dnestrispireTSi

misi dabrunebis SemTxvevaSi mis mimarT isev imoqmedebda sasikvdilo

ganaCeni.

282. sasamarTlos gaaCnda mxolod b-ni ilaSkus mtkiceba, b-ni smirnovis

2001 wlis 5 maisis `brZanebulebis~ asli da moldovis mTavrobis mtkiceba

sasjelis SecvlasTan dakavSirebiT. arc erTi zemoxsenebuli pozicia ar

aris mxareebis mier gamyarebuli sxva mtkicebulebebiT da sasamarTlos ar

SeuZlia dainaxos raime saxis obieqturi elementi, raTa erTi versia

meoresTan SedarebiT ufro sarwmunod miiRos. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlos

miaCnia, rom mis winaSe amJamad warmodgenili mtkicebulebebis Tanaxmad, mas

ar SeuZlia mivides saboloo daskvnamde b-ni ilaSkus gaTavisuflebis

samarTlebriv safuZvelTan dakavSirebiT.

v. 2001 wlis maisis Semdeg ganmcxadeblebis gaTavisuflebis mizniT

gadadgmuli nabijebi

283. b-ni ilaSkus gaTavisuflebis Semdeg b-ni leSkos warmomadgenelma

sasamarTlos ganucxada (2001 wlis 1 ivniss miRebul werilSi), rom

xsenebuli

gaTavisufleba

ganxorcielda

mxolod

dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis winaSe ruseTis xelisuflebis organoebis Suamdgomlobis

Sedegad. igi amtkicebda, rom moldovis radiosaTvis micemul interviuSi

moldovis Sinagan saqmeTa ministri, b-ni nikolae Cernomazi, acxadebda:

`ilie ilaSku gaTavisuflebuli iqna ruseTis sagareo saqmeTa ministris,

igor ivanovis Suamdgomlobis Sedegad; moldovis prezidentis, b-ni

voroninis TxovniT ivanovi daelaparaka tiraspolis xelisuflebis

organoebs xsenebul sakiTxze da auxsna maT, rom es aris saerTaSoriso

xasiaTis problema, romelic zegavlenas axdens ruseTis federaciisa da

moldovis Rirsebaze~. b-ni Cernomazi ambobda, rom igi Sexvda b-n ivanovs,

raTa daerwmunebina, rom `adamianis uflebaTa evropul sasamarTloSi

wardgenili ganacxadis ukan gamotana ver moxerxdeboda, radgan b-ni

ilaSku e.w. `mrwamsis patimari~ da 1992 wlis konfliqtis mZevali iyo~.

284. 2001 wlis 6 ivnisis mosmenaze moldovis mTavrobam madloba gadauxada

maT, vinc xeli Seuwyo b-ni ilaSkus gaTavisuflebas, kerZod ki ruseTis

federacias, da ganacxada, rom surda, Seecvala is pozicia, romelic

Camoyalibebuli iyo 2000 wlis 24 oqtombriT daTariRebul, adre

wardgenil

komentarebSi,

kerZod

ki

ruseTis

federaciis

pasuxismgeblobasTan mimarTebaSi. xsenebul gadawyvetilebas moldovis

mTavroba xsnida surviliT, Tavidan aecilebina arasasurveli Sedegebi,

rogoric aris zewola an dnestrispireTis konfliqtis mSvidobiani gziT

mogvarebasTan

dakavSirebuli

procesis

da

sxva

ganmcxadeblebis

gaTavisuflebis procesis Sewyveta.

285. b-ni ilaSkus gaTavisuflebis Semdeg masa da moldovis xelisuflebis

organoebs Soris Sedga Sexvedra danarCeni ganmcxadeblebis

gaTavisuflebasTan dakavSirebiT gzebis saZieblad.

2001 wlis 21 ivliss gamarTul preskonferenciaze moldovis prezidentma b-

nma voroninma ganacxada: `b-ni ilaSku aris is piri, romelsac ar edardeba

tiraspolSi patimrobaSi myofi misi megobrebi~. man aRniSna, rom SesTavaza

b-n ilaSkus sasamarTloSi ruseTis federaciisa da moldovis winaaRmdeg

Setanili ganacxadis ukan gamotana da am SemTxvevaSi 2001 wlis 19 ivniss

ganmcxadebelTa gaTavisufleba, magram b-nma ilaSkum uari ganucxada.

moldovis pressaagento `basa-presis~ Tanaxmad, b-nma voroninma aseve

mianiSna im faqtze, rom im SemTxvevaSi, Tu b-ni ilaSku moigebda

sasamarTloSi

wardgenil

saqmes,

igi

ufro

gaarTulebda

sxva

ganmcxadeblebis gaTavisuflebis sakiTxs.

z. saerTaSoriso reaqcia ganmcxadebelTa msjavrdebasa da patimrobasTan

dakavSirebiT

286. euTo-s demokratiuli organoebisa da adamianis uflebebis ofisis

TxovniT b-ni andrei rJeplinskis, varSavis sisxlis samarTlisa da

adamianis uflebaTa profesoris da b-ni frederik kvinis, euTo-s

warmomadgenelis mier daweril 1994 wlis 20 Tebervlis moxsenebaSi,

romelic Sedga dnestrispireTSi ganxorcielebuli faqtebis sagamoZiebo

misiis Semdgom, ganmcxadeblebis sasamarTlo procesi `mdr-s uzenaesi

sasamarTlos~ winaSe gaanalizebuli iqna adamianis ZiriTad uflebaTa

pativiscemis

seriozul

kuTxiT.

darRvevas,

avtorebi

rac moicavda

aRniSnavdnen

mopasuxeTa

raime

uflebebis

kontaqtis

advokatTan

ararsebobas maTi dakavebidan pirveli ori Tvis ganmavlobaSi, amis Semdeg

ki Zalian SezRudul daSvebas advokatebTan, miukerZoebeli sasamarTlos

mier saqmis ganxilvis uflebis darRvevas, im mizezis gamo, rom

sasamarTlom uari ganacxada, ganexila ganmcxadeblebis mtkiceba, rom maTi

aRiarebiTi Cvenebebi micemuli iyo araadamianuri mopyrobis Sedegad, da

samoqalaqo da politikur uflebaTa saerTaSoriso paqtis me-14 muxlis me-5

muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebis darRvevas im mizezis gamo, rom

ganmcxadebelTa sasamarTlo procesi warmarTuli iyo gamonaklisi

proceduriT, rac uflebas arTmevda maT, gaesaCivrebinaT ganaCeni.

da bolos, avtorebi sasamarTlo process aRwerdnen, rogorc `Tavidan

bolomde politikur movlenas~. isini askvnidnen, rom terorizmis

zogierTi braldeba, romelic ganmcxadeblebs waredginaT sabWoTa epoqis

sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis safuZvelze, axlandel demokratiul

qveynebSi ubralod Tavisufal sityvad iqneboda miCneuli.

287. 1999 wlis 28 seqtembers saparlamento asambleis Tavmjdomarem da

evropis

sabWos

generalurma

mdivanma

mimarTes

dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis organoebs, raTa maT neba daerToT saerTaSoriso wiTeli

jvrisaTvis, moenaxulebina ganmcxadeblebi, da aseve mouwodes patimrobis

pirobebis dauyovnebliv gaumjobeseba.

288. dnestrispireTSi yofnisas 2000 wlis 18 da 19 oqtombers, rac

ganxorcielda moldovaSi 2000 wlis 16-20 dekembris vizitis farglebSi,

evropis

dnestrispireTis

sabWos

adamianis

xelisuflebis

uflebaTa

komisarma

neba

TxovniT

daerToT

mimarTa

misTvis,

organoebs,

moenaxulebina b-ni ilaSku, raTa Seemowmebina misi patimrobis pirobebi.

nebarTva ar iqna gacemuli imis safuZvelze, rom sakmarisi drois

uqonlobis gamo SeuZlebeli iyo Sesabamisi nebarTvis mopoveba.

289. 2000 wlis noemberSi moldovaSi, maT Soris, dnestrispireTis regionSi

ganxorcielebuli vizitis Semdeg wamebis, araadamianuri da Rirsebis

Semlaxveli mopyrobisa da sasjelis sawinaaRmdego komitetma gamoaqveyna

moxseneba.

dnestrispireTis

sapyrobileebSi

arsebul

pirobebTan

dakavSirebiT wamebis sawinaaRmdego komitetma yuradReba gaamaxvila im

faqtze, rom saknebi saSinlad aris gadavsebuli patimrebiT, gamoxata

SeSfoTeba konkretuli pirebis didi xnis ganmavlobaSi ganmartoebiT

patimrobis praqtikiT da patimarTa arasaTanado mkurnalobiT, romelic

tuberkuloziT

daavadebul

patimrebis

sinamdvileSi

saerTod

ar

utardebodaT. SeSfoTeba exeboda aseve Sesaferisi dieturi sakvebis

ararsebobas.

wamebis sawinaaRmdego komitetma aRniSna, rom dnestrispireTis penitenciur

dawesebulebebSi situacia Sors iyo sasurvelisagan, gansakuTrebiT ki

hlinaias cixeSi, sadac patimrobis pirobebi Zalian arasaxarbielo iyo:

arasakmarisi ventilacia, arasakmarisi bunebrivi sinaTle, arasakmarisi

sanitaruli saTavsoebi da gadatvirTva.

ganmcxadeblebis mdgomareobasTan dakavSirebiT wamebis sawinaaRmdego

komitetma aRniSna, rom ilaSkus jgufis 3 wevri 8 wlis ganmavlobaSi

patimrobaSi

ganmartoebiT

imyofeboda,

ramac

gamoiRo

saziano

fsiqologiuri Sedegebi sul mcire erT-erTi maTganisaTvis. wamebis

sawinaaRmdego komitetis sityvebiT, ganmartoebiT patimroba, garkveul

pirobebSi,

SeiZleba

warmoadgendes

araadamianur

mopyrobas,

xolo

ganmartoebiT

patimroba

amdeni xnis

ganmavlobaSi

absoluturad

gaumarTlebelia. wamebis sawinaaRmdego komitetma TxovniT mimarTa

dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebs, ilaSkus jgufis sami

wevrisaTvis, romlebic imyofebodnen ganmartoebiT patimrobaSi,

SeemsubuqebinaT patimrobis pirobebi imiT, rom maT saSualeba hqonodaT,

waekiTxaT gazeTebi arCevanisamebr da uzrunvelyofiliyo maTi Sexvedrebi

ojaxis wevrebsa da advokatebTan.

wamebis sawinaaRmdego komitetis delegaciaSi myofma eqimebma SeZles

gaesinjaT 4 ganmcxadeblidan 3, maT Soris b-ni ilaSku. maT rekomendacia

gasces, rom am ukanasknels miscemoda avadmyofobis Sesaferisi wamlebi.

wamebis sawinaaRmdego komitetma aRniSna cemis faqtebi 1999 wlis maisSi,

romlebic savaraudod ganxorcielda ilaSkus jgufis wevrebis mimarT

niRbiani pirebis mier tiraspolis cixeSi.

V. saerTaSoriso samarTali, erovnuli samarTali da sxva Sesabamisi

SeTanxmebebi

290. 1991 wlis minskis SeTanxmebis Sesabamisi debulebebi Semdegnairad

ikiTxeba:

`Cven, belorusiis, ruseTis federaciis (rsfsr) da ukrainis xalxebi,

sabWoTa socialisturi respublikebis kavSiris damfuZneblebi da 1922

wlis gaerTianebis xelSekrulebis xelmomwerni, SemdgomSi `maRali

xelSemkvreli mxareebi~, aqve vacxadebT, rom ssrk, rogorc saerTaSoriso

samarTlis subieqti da geopolitikuri realoba, aRar arsebobs.

Cveni xalxebis istoriuli erTianobisa da maT Soris ganviTarebuli

kavSirebis safuZvelze da maRal xelSemkvrel mxareebs Soris ormxrivi

SeTanxmebebis gaTvaliswinebiT,

gvsurs ra samarTlebrivad Semdgari demokratiuli saxelmwifoebis

Camoyalibeba,

miviRwviT ra Cveni urTierTobis urTierTaRiarebisa da saxelmwifoebis

suverenitetis, TviTgamorkvevis uflebis, Tanasworobis principebisa da

Sida saqmeebSi Caurevlobis, Zalis gamoyenebisagan da zewolisaTvis

ekonomikuri Tu sxva saxis saSualebebis gamoyenebisagan TavSekavebis da

sadavo sakiTxebis SeTanxmebiT gadaWrisaken da saerTaSoriso samarTlis

sxva zogadad aRiarebuli principebisa da normebis pativiscemis

safuZvelze,

...

vadasturebT ra, rom SevasrulebT gaero-s wesdebis principebs, helsinkis

saboloo

aqts

da

evropaSi

usafrTxoebisa

da

TanamSromlobis

konferenciis sxva dokumentebs,

vkisrulobT ra valdebulebas, davemorCiloT zogadad aRiarebul

saerTaSoriso normebs, romlebic exeba adamianisa da xalxebis uflebebs,

SevTanxmdiT Semdegze:

muxli 1

maRali xelSemkvreli mxareebi vqmniT damoukidebel saxelmwifoTa

Tanamegobrobas.

...

muxli 6

1. Tanamegobrobis wevri saxelmwifoebi iTanamSromleben saerTaSoriso

mSvidobis dacvisa da usafrTxoebis sferoSi da ganaxorcieleben efeqtur

RonisZiebebs SeiaraRebisa da samxedro xarjebis Sesamcireblad...

2. mxareebi pativiscemiT moepyrobian erTmaneTis mcdelobas, gaxdnen

atomuri iaraRisgan Tavisufali zonebi da neitraluri saxelmwifoebi.

3. Tanamegobrobis wevri saxelmwifoebi SeinarCuneben da darCebian

erToblivi mmarTvelobis qveS, saerTo samxedro da strategiul sferod,

maT Soris atomur iaraRze Sereuli kontroliT, ris ganxorcielebasTan

dakavSirebuli procedura daregulirdeba specialuri SeTanxmebiT.

4.

isini

aseve

erToblivad

uzrunvelyofen

aucilebel

pirobebs

strategiuli SeiaraRebuli Zalebis ganTavsebisa da funqcionirebisaTvis

da materialuri da socialuri usafrTxoebisTvis.

muxli 12

maRali xelSemkvreli mxareebi kisruloben valdebulebas, ganaxorcielon

maTze im xelSekrulebebiTa da SeTanxmebebiT dakisrebuli saerTaSoriso

valdebulebebi, romlebic aRebuli iqna ssrk-s mier~.

291. 1991 wlis 24 dekembers ssrk-s mudmivma warmomadgenelma gaerTianebuli

erebis organizaciaSi, elCma i. voroncovma gaero-s generalur mdivans

gadasca ruseTis federaciis prezidentis, boris elcinis werili, romelic

Semdegnairad ikiTxeboda:

`gaero-Si, maT Soris uSiSroebis sabWoSi da gaero-s sistemis sxva

organoebsa da organizaciebSi ssrk-s wevroba grZeldeba ruseTis

federaciis (rsfsr) mier, rasac mxars uWeren damoukidebel saxelmwifoTa

Tanamegobrobis wevrebi. xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT me moviTxov, rom

gaerTianebuli

erebis

organizaciaSi

`sabWoTa

socialisturi

respublikebis kavSiris~ nacvlad gamoyenebuli iqnes saxeli `ruseTis

federacia~. ruseTis federacia kisrulobs srul pasuxismgeblobas gaero-s

wesdebiT dakisrebuli ssrk-s uflebebisa da valdebulebebisaTvis, maT

Soris finansuri valdebulebebisaTvis. gTxovT, winamdebare werili

miiCnioT dadasturebad yvela im piris uflebisa, romlebsac am

droisaTvis gaaCniaT ssrk-s statusi gaero-Si, warmoadginon ruseTis

federacia gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciaSi.~

292. 1992 wlis 21 ivliss moldovis prezidentma b-nma mirCe snegurma da

ruseTis federaciis prezidentma b-nma boris elcinma moskovSi xeli

moaweres

SeTanxmebas,

romelic

exeboda

moldovis

respublikis

dnestrispireTis regionSi SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis gadaWris principebs.

SeTanxmebis Tanaxmad:

`moldovis respublika da ruseTis federacia,

surT ra maqsimalurad swrafad daamyaron cecxlis Sewyveta da gadaWran

SeiaraRebuli konfliqti dnestrispireTis regionebSi,

adastureben ra principebs, romlebic gansazRvrulia gaerTianebuli erebis

organizaciis wesdebasa da evropaSi usafrTxoebisa da TanamSromlobis

konferenciis dokumentebSi,

aRniSnaven ra, rom 1992 wlis 3 ivliss moldovis respublikis prezidentma

da ruseTis federaciis prezidentma miaRwies SeTanxmebas principebTan

dakavSirebiT,

Tanxmdebian Semdegze:

muxli 1

1. konfliqtis mxareebi kisruloben valdebulebas, winamdebare SeTanxmebis

xelmoweris Semdeg gadadgan yvela aucilebeli nabiji cecxlis Sewyvetis

da mowinaaRmdege mxaris winaaRmdeg nebismieri SeiaraRebuli qmedebis

SeCerebis mizniT.

2. cecxlis SewyvetisTanave mxareebi gaiyvanen jarebs, gaitanen iaraRsa da

samxedro aRWurvilobas 7 dRis ganmavlobaSi. orive mxaris jarebis gayvana

saSualebas mogvcems, Seiqmnas usafrTxoebis zona konfliqtis mxareebs

Soris. usafrTxoebis zonis zusti sazRvrebi ganisazRvreba winamdebare

SeTanxmebis ganxorcielebasTan dakavSirebuli specialuri oqmiT, romelic

SeTanxmebuli iqneba mxareebs Soris.

muxli 2

1. specialurad Seqmnil komisias, romelic Sedgeba samive mxaris

warmomadgenlebisgan,

ganxorcielebis Semowmebaze, romlebic gansazRvrulia pirvel muxlSi, da

usafrTxoebis zonaSi usafrTxoebis reJimis ganxorcielebis

daekisreba

pasuxismgebloba

im

RonisZiebebis

uzrunvelyofaze. xsenebuli miznisaTvis komisia isargeblebs samxedro

damkvirveblebis daxmarebiT, romlebic wina SeTanxmebebiT, maT Soris

oTxmxrivi SeTanxmebebiT arian gaTvaliswinebulni. sakontrolo komisia

Tavis samuSaos daasrulebs winamdebare SeTanxmebis xelmoweridan 7 dRis

vadaSi.

2. TiToeuli mxare daniSnavs wevrs komisiaSi. sakontrolo komisia

Seikribeba benderSi.

3. zemoxsenebuli RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebis mizniT sakontrolo

komisia Tavisi kontrolis qveS aiyvans moxaliseTa kontingents, romlebic

warmoadgenen winamdebare SeTanxmebis ganxorcielebaSi monawile mxareebs.

postebs daikaveben xsenebuli kontingentis wevrebi da maTi Seyvana

cecxlis Sewyvetis uzrunvelyofisa da regionSi konfliqtis zonaSi

usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofisaTvis gansazRvruli iqneba sakontrolo

komisiis

mier,

romelmac

unda

miaRwios

konsensuss

xsenebulTan

dakavSirebiT. samxedro kontingentis moculoba, misi statusi da pirobebi,

Seyvana da gayvana usafrTxoebis zonidan ganisazRvreba calke oqmiT.

4. winamdebare SeTanxmebiT gaTvaliswinebuli debulebebis darRvevis

SemTxvevaSi sakontrolo komisia Caatarebs gamoZiebas da dauyovnebliv

gadadgams aucilebel nabijebs mSvidobisa da wesrigis xelaxla

dasamyareblad, ganaxorcielebs, agreTve, Sesabamis RonisZiebebs momavalSi

darRvevebis aRmofxvris mizniT.

muxli 3

rogorc

sakontrolo

komisiis

adgilsamyofeli,

da

situaciis

seriozulobis gaTvaliswinebiT, benderi aris xsenebuli regioni, romelic

eqvemdebareba usafrTxoebis reJims; usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofa evaleba

im mxareTa samxedro kontingents, romlebic axorcieleben winamdebare

SeTanxmebas. sakontrolo komisia policiasTan erTad uzrunvelyofs

sazogadoebrivi wesrigis dacvas benderSi.

benderi imarTeba adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis mier da

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi daxmarebas gauwevs sakontrolo komisias.

muxli 4

ruseTis federaciis me-14 armia, romelic ganTavsebulia moldovis

respublikis teritoriaze, SeinarCunebs mkacr neitralitets. konfliqtis

orive mxare kisrulobs valdebulebas, SeinarCunos neitraliteti da ar

Caebas aranair qmedebaSi me-14 armiis sakuTrebis, personalisa da

mosamsaxureTa ojaxebis winaaRmdeg.

yvela sakiTxi, romelic exeba me-14 armiis statuss an misi gayvanis etapebsa

da vadebs, gadawydeba ruseTis federaciasa da moldovas Soris

molaparakebebis Sedegad.

muxli 5

1. konfliqtis mxareebi sanqciebs an nebismieri saxis blokadas dauSveblad

miiCneven. Sesabamisad, yvela barieri, romelic xels uSlis saqonlis,

momsaxurebisa da adamianebis gadaadgilebas, moxsnili unda iqnes da yvela

aucilebeli RonisZieba unda ganxorcieldes, raTa bolo moeRos moldovis

respublikis teritoriaze arsebul sagangebo mdgomareobas.

2. konfliqtis mxareebi dauyovnebliv daiwyeben molaparakebebs, raTa

gadaWran problemebi, romlebic exeba ltolvilebis ukan dabrunebas,

konfliqtis regionidan iZulebiT gasuli mosaxleobis daxmarebas da

saxlebisa da sajaro Senobebis aRdgenas. ruseTis federacia srul

daxmarebas gauwevs mxareebs xsenebul sakiTxSi.

3. konfliqtis mxareebi gadadgamen yvela aucilebel nabijs, raTa

uzrunvelyon konfliqtiT dazaralebuli regionisTvis gankuTvnili

humanitaruli daxmarebis gadaadgileba.

muxli 6

Seiqmneba saerTo prescentri, romelsac daekisreba amocana, moamaragos

sakontrolo

komisia

swori

informaciiT

regionSi

situaciis

ganviTarebasTan dakavSirebiT.

muxli 7

mxareebs miaCniaT, rom winamdebare SeTanxmebiT gansazRvruli RonisZiebebi

warmoadgens konfliqtis politikuri gziT mogvarebis Zalze mniSvnelovan

nawils.

muxli 8

winamdebare SeTanxmeba ZalaSi Seva xelmoweris dResve.

winamdebare SeTanxmeba Zaladakargulad CaiTvleba mxareTa erToblivi

gadawyvetilebiT an erT-erTi mxaris mier denonsirebis SemTxvevaSi, rac

moicavs sakontrolo komisiis qmedebebisa da mis daqvemdebarebaSi myofi

kontingentis gauqmebas.

293. 1994 wlis 8 aprils moldovis parlamentma moaxdina alma-atis 1991

wlis 21 dekembris SeTanxmebis ratificireba, romliTac moldova

SeuerTda dsT-s, Semdegi daTqmiT:

`...

2. muxli 6, me-3 da me-4 punqtebis gamoklebiT ...

moldovis respublikis parlaments miaCnia, rom dsT-Si moldovis

respublika prioritetad gaixdis ekonomikur TanamSromlobas, gamoricxavs

TanamSromlobas

politikur

da

samxedro

sferoSi,

rasac

igi

suverenitetisa da damoukideblobis principebTan Seusabamod Tvlis~.

294. moldovis 1994 wlis 29 aprilis konstituciis Sesabamisi debulebebis

Tanaxmad:

muxli 11

`1. modlovis respublika acxadebs mudmiv neitralitets.

2. moldovis respublika ar gascems mis teritoriaze sxva qveynis jarebis

ganTavsebis nebarTvas.

muxli 111

`1. avtonomiuroba SesaZloa mieniWos moldovis samxreTiT dnestris

marcxena sanapiroze mdebare regionebs specialuri statusiT, romelTan

dakavSirebiTac nebarTva gacemulia instituciuri aqtiT...~

295. moldovis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis debulebebis Tanaxmad:

muxli 116

`. ukanono patimrobisTvis gaTvaliswinebuli sasjelia 1 wlamde patimroba.

ukanono patimroba, romelmac safrTxe Seuqmna msxverplis sicocxles an

janmrTelobas an miayena mas fizikuri tanjva, isjeba 5 wlamde patimrobiT.

muxli 207

`oficialuri piris uflebamosilebis an statusis miTviseba/uzurpireba,

Tuki xsenebuli ganxorcielebulia Semdgomi danaSaulis Cadenis mizniT,

isjeba jarimiT xelfasis ocdaaTmagi odenobiT an 2 wlamde gamasworebeli

samuSaoebiT an 2 wlamde patimrobiT~.

296. 1994 wlis 21 oqtombers moldovam da ruseTis federaciam xeli

moaweres `SeTanxmebas moldovis teritoriaze ruseTis federaciis

samxedro SenaerTebis samarTlebrivi statusisa da maTi gayvanis

RonisZiebebisa da vadebis Sesaxeb~, romlis debulebebis Tanaxmad:

`moldovis respublika da ruseTis federacia, SemdgomSi `mxareebi~,

dnestrispireTis regionis monawileobiT,

mxedvelobaSi iReben ra evropasa da msoflioSi axali politikuri

urTierTobebis daarsebas;

adastureben ra, rom moldovis respublika da ruseTis federacia arian

suverenuli saxelmwifoebi;

darwmunebulni, rom urTierTobebi unda daamyaron megobrobis principebze,

urTierTgagebasa da TanamSromlobaze;

gamodian ra im SeTanxmebebidan, romlebsac mxareebma ukve miaRwies

samxedro sferoSi;

moqmedeben ra evropaSi usafrTxoebisa da TanamSromlobis konferenciis

dokumentebis Sesabamisad,

Tanxmdebian Semdegze:

...

muxli 2

moldovis teritoriaze ruseTis federaciis samxedro SenaerTebis statusi

ganisazRvreba winamdebare SeTanxmebiT.

moldovis

teritoriaze

ruseTis

samxedro

SenaerTebis

ganTavseba

droebiTi movlenaa.

teqnikuri SezRudvebisa da jarebis sxvagan ganTavsebisTvis saWiro drois

gaTvaliswinebiT, rusuli mxare zemoxsenebuli samxedro SenaerTebis

gayvanas ganaxorcielebs winamdebare SeTanxmebis xelmoweridan 3 wlis

ganmavlobaSi.

dadgenil droSi moldovis teritoriidan ruseTis federaciis samxedro

formirebebis

gayvanasTan

dakavSirebuli

nabijebi

ganxorcieldeba

dnestrispireTis konfliqtis politikuri mogvarebis da moldovis

respublikis dnetrispireTis regionis specialuri statusis dadgenis

paralelurad.

ruseTis federaciis samxedro SenaerTebis saboloo gayvanis etapebi da

vadebi Camoyalibebuli iqneba calke oqmSi, romelic SeTanxmdeba mxareTa

Tavdacvis ministrebs Soris.

...

moldovis

teritoriaze

rusuli

samxedro

SenaerTebis

yofnis

ganmavlobaSi ar daiSveba maTi aranairi gamoyeneba moldovis respublikis

SigniT arsebuli konfliqtis mogvarebasTan dakavSirebiT an mesame mxaris

winaaRmdeg raime samxedro RonisZiebis ganxorcielebisaTvis.

moldovis teritoriaze ruseTis federaciis samxedro SenaerTebis

kuTvnili

nebismieri

saxis

samxedro

teqnikis,

SeiaraRebisa

da

aRWurvilobis gayidva SesaZloa ganxorcieldes mxolod ori qveynis

mTavrobebs Soris miRweuli SeTanxmebis safuZvelze.

muxli 6

moldovis

teritoriaze

mdebare

ruseTis

federaciis

samxedro

formirebebis moZraoba da gamoZiebis warmarTva maTi ganTavsebis bazebis

gareT ganxorcieldeba moldovis respublikis Sesabamis organoebTan

miRweuli SeTanxmebis safuZvelze.

samxedro SenaerTebi pasuxismgebelni arian, uzrunvelyon bazebis SigniT

da gareT da gadaadgilebisas, rom samxedro sagnebi da sakuTreba daculi

iyos ruseTis armiaSi dadgenili wesebiT.

muxli 7

tiraspolis samxedro aerodromi gamoyenebuli iqneba erToblivad ruseTis

federaciis samxedro SenaerTebis aviaciisa da moldovis respubilikis

dnestrispireTis regionis samoqalaqo aviaciis bazad.

moldovis

respublikis

sahaero

sivrceSi

samxedro

TviTmfrinavis

gadaadgileba unda moxdes mxareebis Sinagan saqmeTa ministrebis mier

miRebuli SeTanxmebis safuZvelze.

...

muxli 13

sacxovrebeli

da

barakebi,

samsaxurebrivi

Senobebi,

avtoparki,

cecxlsasroli arsenali da manqanebze damontaJebuli xelsawyoebi,

Senobebi da dausaxlebeli Senobis farTi, romelic gaTavisufldeba

ruseTis federaciis samxedro SenaerTebis gasvlis Sedegad, gadaecema

mmarTvelobaSi moldovis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis xelisuflebis

organoebs imave raodenobiT, ra raodenobiTac isini faqtobrivad arsebobs,

da imave pirobebSi, ra pirobebSic aris isini am etapze.

ruseTis federaciis samxedro SenaerTebis kuTvnili uZravi qonebis

gadacemis an gayidvis xerxebi ganisazRvreba specialuri SeTanxmebiT,

romelic daideba mxareTa mTavrobebs Soris.

muxli 17

dadgenil droSi moldovis respublikidan ruseTis federaciis samxedro

SenaerTebis gayvanis uzrunvelyofis da ruseTis federaciis teritoriaze

maTi efeqturad moqmedebis TvalsazrisiT gatanili iqneba samxedro

SenaerTebis adgilsamyofeli. Sesabamisi gadasaxdeli materialuri Tanxebi,

asaSenebeli sacxovrebeli farTis CamonaTvali da maTi aSenebis adgilebi

ganisazRvreba specialuri SeTanxmebiT.

muxi 23

winamdebare SeTanxmeba ZalaSi Seva mxareebis mier Sida aucilebeli

procedurebis ganxorcielebis Sesaxeb saboloo Setyobinebis miRebis dRes

da ZalaSi darCeba moldovis respublikis teritoriidan ruseTis samxedro

SenaerTebis srul gayvanamde.

winamdebare SeTanxmeba registrirebuli iqneba gaerTianebuli erebis

organizaciaSi gaero-s wesdebis 102-e muxlis Sesabamisad~.

297. 1994 wlis 21 oqtombers moldovis respublikisa da ruseTis

federaciis Tavdacvis ministrebs Soris miRweuli iqna SeTanxmeba

moldovis respublikis teritoriaze droebiT ganTavsebuli ruseTis

samxedro

SenaerTebis

aviaciis

frenebTan

dakavSirebiT;

xsenebuli

iTvaliswinebda tiraspolis aerodromis gamoyenebas ruseTis federaciis

SeiaraRebuli Zalebis satransporto TviTmfrinavebis mier SeTanxmebis

Sesabamisi debulebebis Tanaxmad:

muxli 1

`tiraspolis samxedro aerodromi gamoyenebuli iqneba ruseTis federaciis

samxedro SenaerTebis mier moldovis teritoriidan maT saboloo

gayvanamde.

tiraspolis aerodromze moldovis kuTvnili dnestrispireTis regionis

samoqalaqo aviaciisa da ruseTis TviTmfrinavebis gadaadgileba da

erToblivi frenebi ganxorcieldeba `ruseTis federaciis samxedro

SenaerTebisa da moldovis respublikis dnestrispireTis regionis

erToblivad ganTavsebuli aviaciis droebiTi wesebis~ Tanaxmad da am

frenebs koordinacias gauwevs moldovis samoqalaqo aviacia, moldovis

Tavdacvis saministro da ruseTis federaciis Tavdacvis saministro.

tiraspolis aerodromidan sxva TviTmfrinavs gafrena SeuZlia mxolod

moldovis respublikis samoqalaqo aviaciis xelmZRvanelebTan da ruseTis

Tavdacvis saministrosTan koordinirebis Semdeg.~

muxli 3

`ruseTis SenaerTebis kuTvnili safosto TviTmfrinavi tiraspolis

aerodromidan yvelaze meti kviraSi orjer gafrindeba (samSabaTobiTa da

xuTSabaTobiT an mxareebTan winaswari SeTanxmebis safuZvelze sxva

dReebSi).~

muxli 5

ruseTis

federaciis

SeiaraRebuli

Zalebis

Txovnebi

gafrenis

ganxorcielebasTan, savarjiSo frenebsa da estakadasTan dakavSirebiT

warmodgenili unda iqnes SuadRis 3 saaTamde (adgilobrivi droiT) sahaero

gzebis koordinaciis organoebis (sakontrolo centrebi) meSveobiT.

aseTi Txovnebis dadastureba da moldovis respublikis sahaero sivrcis

gamoyenebis nebarTva gacemuli iqneba moldovis SeiaraRebuli Zalebis

haersawinaaRmdego da sahaero sakontrolo centris mier. moldovis

respublikis

sahaero

sivrcis

gamoyenebasTan

dakavSirebuli

gadawyvetileba, frenis moTxovnis Sesabamisad, im teritoriaze, sadac

ruseTis samxedro SenaerTebi droebiT arian ganTavsebulni, miRebuli

iqneba moldovis SeiaraRebuli Zalebis Stabis ufrosis mier.~

muxli 7

`winamdebare SeTanxmebis Sesrulebis kontroli ganxorcielebuli iqneba

moldovis Tavdacvis saministrosa da ruseTis federaciis Tavdacvis

saministros warmomadgenlebis mier, maT mierve erToblivad miRebuli

wesebis Sesabamisad~.

muxli 8

`winamdebare SeTanxmeba ZalaSi Seva misi xelmoweris pirvelsave dRes da

ZalaSi darCeba moldovis teritoriidan ruseTis federaciis samxedro

SenaerTebis saboloo gayvanamde.

winamdebare SeTanxmeba SesaZlebelia Seicvalos mxareTa ormxrivi

TanxmobiT~.

298. evropis sabWoSi 1997 wlis 12 seqtembers deponirebuli moldovis

respublikis mier konvenciis ratificirebis sigeli Seicavs ramdenime

gancxadebasa da daTqmas, romelTa Sesabamisi debulebebic Semdegnairad

ikiTxeba:

`moldovis respublika acxadebs, rom mas ar SeuZlia uzrunvelyos

konvenciis debulebebTan im umoqmedobisa da moqmedebis Sesabamisoba,

romlebic

Cadenilia

TviTgamocxadebuli

transdnestrispireTis

respublikis organoebis mier im teritoriis farglebSi, romelsac

akontroleben es organoebi, im dromde, sanam regionSi arsebuli

konfliqti sabolod ar gadawydeba.

...~

299. 1998 wlis 20 marts ruseTis federaciis warmomadgenelma b-nma v.

Cernomirdinma da `mdr~-s warmomadgenelma b-nma i. smirnovma odesaSi

(ukraina) xeli moaweres SeTanxmebas samxedro qonebasTan dakavSirebiT,

romlis debulebebis Tanaxmad:

`im

sakiTxebze

molaparakebebis

damTavrebisas,

romlebic

exeba

dnestrispireTSi ganTavsebuli ruseTis Zalebis samxedro qonebas,

SeTanxmeba iqna miRweuli Semdeg sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT:

1. mTeli qoneba iyofa sam kategoriad:

(a) pirveli kategoria moicavs ruseTis jarebis gaerTianebuli jgufis

standartul SeiaraRebas, sabrZolo masalasa da qonebas;

(b) meore moicavs iaraRs, aRWurvilobasa da zedmet moZrav samxedro

qonebas, romelic imperatiulad unda dabrundes ruseTSi;

(g) mesame moicavs iaraRs, aRWurvilobasa da samxedro da sxva xasiaTis

saWurvels, romlis gayidva (Camowera) SesaZlebelia uSualod adgilze an

im adgilebis gareT, sadac is inaxeba.

mesame kategoriis qonebis gayidvidan Semosuli Semosavali gadanawildeba

mxareebs Soris Semdegi proporciebiT:

ruseTis federacia: 50%

dnestrispireTi: 50% im Tanxebis gamoqviTvis Semdeg, romlebic SesaZloa

warmoiSvas me-3 kategoriis samxedro qonebis gayidvasTan dakavSirebiT.

me-3 kategoriis qonebis gamoyenebasa da gadacemasTan dakavSirebuli

pirobebi

dadgenili

unda

iqnes

ruseTis

mier,

dnestrispireTis

monawileobiT.

2. mxareebi SeTanxmdnen, srulad dafaron erTmaneTis valebi 1998 wlis 20

marts im Semosavlidan gamoqviTvis saSualebiT, romelic Semova samxedro

qonebis gayidvidan an sxva wyaroebidan.

3. ruseTi gaagrZelebs dnestrispireTidan im samxedro qonebis gatanas,

romelic mniSvnelovania riseTis federaciis SeiaraRebuli ZalebisaTvis,

rogorc

es

gansazRvrulia

winamdebare

SeTanxmebis

danarTSi.

dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebi aranair winaaRmdegobas ar

gauweven ruseTis mxares zemoxsenebuli qonebis gadaadgilebisas.

4. dnestrispireTTan SeTanxmebiT ruseTi gaanadgurebs gamousadegar da

aratransportabelur

aRWurvilobas

sofel

kolbasnasTan

axlos

usafrTxoebis

moTxovnebis, maT Soris

ekologiuri

usafrTxoebis

moTxovnebis dacviT.

5. uZravi qonebis swrafad gadacemis mizniT ruseTis federaciisa da

dnestrispireTis warmomadgenlebi SeTanxmdnen, rom ruseTis Zalebis mier

gaTavisuflebuli Senobebi gadascemoda dnestrispireTis adgilobrivi

TviTmmarTvelobis xelisuflebis organoebs im oficialuri dokumentis

Sesabamisad, romelic asaxavda realur Rirebulebas.

6. kidev erTxel esmeba xazi im faqts, rom dnestrispireTSi ganTavsebuli

rusuli SeiaraRebuli Zalebis etapobrivi gayvana da qonebis gatana

ganxorcieldeba

gamWvirvaled.

gayvanis

RonisZiebebis

gamWvirvaled

ganxorcieleba SesaZlebelia uzrunvelyofili iqnes ormxriv safuZvelze

im SeTanxmebebis Tanaxmad, romlebic xelmowerilia moldovasa da ruseTs

Soris. dnestrispireTSi ruseTis Zalebis yofnasTan dakavSirebuli

mniSvnelovani informacia, dadgenili praqtikis Sesabamisad, gadaecema

euTo-s, kiSiniovSi euTo-s misiis saSualebiT.~

samarTali

I. xvdebian Tu ara ganmcxadeblebi moldovis respublikis iurisdiqciaSi?

a. sasamarTlos winaSe wardgenili dokumentebi

1. moldovis mTavroba

300. moldovis mTavrobis mtkicebiT, ganmcxadeblebi ar xvdebodnen da arc

am etapze xvdebian moldovis de facto iurisdiqciaSi, amitom ganacxadi

Seusabamod unda CaTviliyo ratione personae-s principTan da, Sesabamisad,

konvenciis debulebebTanac.

konvenciis pirveli muxlis Tanaxmad, maRali xelSemkvreli mxareebi

Tanxmdebian, TavianTi iurisdiqciis farglebSi yvelasaTvis uzrunvelyon

konvenciiT garantirebuli uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi. saerTaSoriso

samarTalSi

eqskluziuri da yovlismomcveli unda iyos, moxseniebulia teritoriul

suverenitetad. xsenebuli suvereniteti aZlevda saxelmwifos

SesaZleblobas, Semofarglul teritoriaze ganexorcielebina saxelmwifo

funqciebi, romlebic Sedgeba sakanonmdeblo, administraciuli da

sasamarTlo qmedebebisagan. magram saxelmwifos, romelic efeqturad ver

saxelmwifos

teritoriuli

iurisdiqcia,

romelic

akontrolebs

ganaxorcielos

Tavisi

teritoriis

nawils,

ar

da

SeuZlia

suvereniteti.

realurad

aseT

teritoriuli

iurisdiqcia

SemTxvevebSi `iurisdiqciisa~ da `teritoriis~ cnebebi ver Secvlis

erTmaneTs. imisaTvis, rom konvencia iqnes gamoyenebuli, saxelmwifos unda

SeeZlos, mianiWos da daicvas konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebi.

Sesabamisad,

is

sakiTxi,

xvdeba

Tu

ara

adamiani

saxelmwifos

iurisdiqciaSi, damokidebulia faqtobriv garemoebebze da aucilebeli iyo

imis gansazRvra, gasaCivrebuli qmedebis dros xelisuflebis organoebi

axorcielebdnen Tu ara efeqtur kontrols savaraudo msxverplze.

301. winamdebare saqmeSi dnestrispireTis marcxena sanapiroze mdebare

teritoria ar xvdeboda moldovis respublikis konstituciuri organoebis

kontrolis qveS sul mcire 1991 wlis miwurulidan. `moldovis

dnestrispireTis republika~ Seiqmna xsenebul teritoriaze da mas gaaCnda

Tavisi organoebi, maT Soris SeiaraRebuli Zalebi, policia da sabaJo

oficrebi. swored amitom, rodesac moldovam moaxdina konvenciis

ratificireba, man gaakeTa daTqma, romliTac surda, gamoericxa Tavisi

pasuxismgebloba im qmedebebTan mimarTebaSi, romlebic Cadenili iyo mis

mier arakontrolirebad dnestrispireTis teritoriaze.

moldovis mTavrobam aRniSna, rom moldovis mxridan kontrolis uqonloba

dnestrispireTis reJimis qveS marTul teritoriaze dadasturebuli iyo

yvela im mowmis mier, romlebsac sasamarTlom mousmina.

302. mTavrobis mtkicebiT, faqtebidan wamoWrili situacia, romlis

Tanaxmadac SeuZlebeli iyo mTavrobisaTvis dnestrispireTis teritoriaze

efeqturi kontrolis ganxorcieleba, analogiuri iyo im situaciisa,

romelic sasamarTlom aRwera saqmeSi Cyprus v. Turkey ([GC], #. 25781/94, punqti

78, ECHR 2001-IV). aRniSnul saqmeSi sasamarTlom daadgina, rom kviprosis

mTavrobas ar SeeZlo ganexorcielebina efeqturi kontroli `CrdiloeT

kviprosis TurqeTis respublikis~ teritoriaze, romelsac es ukanaskneli

de facto akontrolebda.

303. mTavrobam uaryo is varaudi, rom igi TanamSromlobda dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis organoebTan da Tavis mxriv amtkicebda, rom garkveuli

RonisZiebebi iqna ganxorcielebuli molaparakebebis konteqstSi, raTa

mogvarebuliyo dnestrispireTis konfliqti. xsenebuli Sexvedrebidan

zogierTi tardeboda euTo-s mowonebiTa da misi warmomadgenlebis

TandaswrebiT, xolo sxva molaparakebebi xorcieldeboda dnestrispireTis

reJimis mier kontrolirebad teritoriaze moldovis mosaxleobis

interesebidan gamomdinare.

304. moldovis mTavrobas miaCnda, rom man Seasrula masze dakisrebuli

yvela pozitiuri valdebuleba rogorc zogadad, konfliqtis mogvarebis

mcdelobiT da dnestrispireTis teritoriaze kontrolis aRdgenis kuTxiT,

aseve konkretulad, ganmcxadeblebisaTvis konvenciiT garantirebuli

uflebebis dacvis kuTxiT.

xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT mTavroba miuTiTebda konfliqtis mogvarebis

mraval mcdelobaze, romlebic dadasturebulia kiSiniovSi mosmenil

mowmeTa CvenebebiT, moldovis politikuri liderebis gancxadebebiTa da

CarevebiT

molaparakebebisas gakeTebuli gancxadebebiT – da ganmcxadebelTa ukanono

patimrobisa da msjavrdebis dagmobiT, romelTa Soris yvelaze

–

maT Soris konfliqtis mogvarebasTan dakavSirebuli

mniSvnelovani iyo moldovis uzenaesi sasamarTlos 1994 wlis 3 Tebervlis

ganaCeni, dadasturebulia, agreTve, sasamarTlo RonisZiebebiT im pirebis

winaaRmdeg, romlebic pasuxismgebelni iyvnen ganmcxadebelTa patimroba-

msjavrdebisaTvis, da ekonomikuri da sxva saxis RonisZiebebiT, romlebic

mimarTuli

iyo

moldovis

teritoriaze

moldovis

suverenitetis

gamyarebisaken, maT Soris dnestrispireTis nawilzec.

Tumca aRniSnulma RonisZiebebma aranairi Sedegi ar gamoiRo, radgan `mdr~

iyo erTeuli, romelsac SeeZlo avtonomiuri funqcionireba moldovasTan

urTierTobaSi da dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebi mimarTavdnen

represaliebs konkretuli RonisZiebebis sapasuxod.

Sesabamisad, moldovis mTavrobis mtkicebiT, mas ar gaaCnda aranairi sxva

saSualeba

ganmcxadebelTa

konvenciiT

garantirebuli

uflebebis

ganxorcielebasTan dakavSirebiT, garda iseTi RonisZiebebisa, romlebic

safrTxes Seuqmnida moldovis ekonomikur da politikur situacias.

2. ruseTis federaciis mTavroba

305. ruseTis mTavroba amtkicebda, rom moldovis mTavroba iyo moldovis

erTaderTi legitimuri mTavroba. vinaidan dnestrispireTis teritoria

warmoadgenda moldovis respublikis ganuyofel nawils, mxolod es

ukanaskneli SeiZleboda yofiliyo pasuxismgebeli xsenebul teritoriaze

Cadenili qmedebebisaTvis.

3. ganmcxadeblebi

306. ganmcxadebelTa mtkicebiT, moldova pasuxismgebeli unda yofiliyo

konvenciis

im

darRvevebze,

romlebsac

isini

daeqvemdebarnen

dnestrispireTis teritoriaze, vinaidan dnestrispireTi iyo moldovis

erovnuli teritoriis nawili da, miuxedavad efeqturi kontrolis

ararsebobisa,

moldovis

mTavrobas

evaleboda,

ganexorcielebina

RonisZiebebi, raTa uzrunveleyo konvenciiT garantirebuli uflebebis

pativiscema

ganuxorcielebia.

xelisuflebis

mTels

Tavis

ganmcxadeblebi

organoebis mier

teritoriaze,

Tumca

amtkicebdnen,

gadadgmuli

mTavrobas

rom

pozitiuri

es

ar

moldovis

nabijebi

SezRuduli da arasakmarisi iyo moldovis mTavrobis xelT arsebuli

politikuri da ekonomikuri saSualebebis pirobebSi.

moldovis mTavrobam ara mxolod ar ganaxorciela masze konvenciiT

dakisrebuli pozitiuri valdebulebebi, aramed iseTi nabijebic ki

gadadga, romlebic warmoadgenda tiraspolis de facto reJimis aRiarebas an,

sul mcire, situaciis aRiarebas dumilis gamoxatviT, rogoric iyo

general-leitenant iakovlevis gaTavisufleba (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 50-e

punqti), b-ni ilaSkus gadacema moldovis xelisuflebis organoebisaTvis

2001 wlis 5 maiss (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 79-e punqti), 2001 wlis 16 maisis

SeTanxmebebi (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 174-e punqti) da TanamSromloba,

gansakuTrebiT sabaJo da policiasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebSi (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 176-e-177-e punqtebi).

ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom gamosvla, romelSic b-ni voronini

brals sdebda b-n ilaSkus, am ukanasknelis gaTavisuflebis Semdeg, rom

igi iyo pasuxismgebeli sxva ganmcxadeblebis patimrobaze, adasturebs

moldovis pasuxismgeblobas konvenciiT dakisrebuli valdebulebebis

SesrulebasTan mimarTebaSi.

307. da bolos, ganmcxadeblebis mtkicebiT, moldovis xelisuflebis

organoebs

unda

ewarmoebinaT

xangrZlivi

molaparakeba

ruseTis

xelisuflebis organoebTan _ im erTaderT ZalasTan, romelsac SeeZlo

dnestrispireTis reJimis kontroli da ganmcxadebelTa gaTavisufleba.

4. rumineTis mTavroba, procesSi CarTuli mesame mxare

308. mesame mxared CarTuli rumineTis mTavroba Tavdapirvel etapze

acxadebda, rom ar surda, gamoeTqva Tavisi azri saqmeSi moldovis

pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT. rumineTis mTavrobis mizans

warmoadgenda faqtebis ganmartebebisa da samarTlebrivi argumentebis

warmodgena misi moqlaqeebis mier wardgenili ganacxadis mxardasaWerad.

309. mTavrobas miaCnda, rom konvenciis xelSemkvrel mxares ar SeuZlia

SezRudos im valdebulebebis masStabi, romlebic ikisra konvenciis

ratificirebisas, im argumentze dayrdnobiT, rom ar gaaCnia pirveli

muxliT gansazRvruli iurisdiqcia. xelSemkvrelma mxareebma unda

uzrunvelyon konvenciiT garantirebuli uflebebi im pirebisaTvis,

romlebic imyofebian maT teritoraze, da mTavrobas aseve ekisreba

valdebuleba,

gaTvaliswinebulia

ganaxorcielos

sasamarTlos

is

RonisZiebebi,

romlebic

da

precedentuli

samarTliT

aucileblad aris miCneuli.

marTalia, aseTi pozitiuri valdebulebebis arseboba ar unda ganimartos

imgvarad, rom xelisuflebis organoebs daakisros ararealuri da

gadametebuli tvirTi, magram saxelmwifoebs mainc eTxovebaT gonivruli

mcdelobebis ganxorcieleba.

rumineTis mTavrobis TqmiT, winamdebare saqmeSi moldovis xelisuflebis

organoebma ver daamtkices, rom ganaxorcieles yvela RonisZieba

dnestrispireTis

dakavSirebiT.

teritoriaze

kerZod, rumineTis

sakuTari

suverenitetis

gaakritika

aRdgenasTan

moldovis

mxarem

xelisuflebis organoebi uzenaesi sasamarTlos 1994 wlis 3 Tebervlis

ganaCenis aRsrulebasTan dakavSirebiT raime efeqturi RonisZiebebis

ganuxorcieleblobis gamo, agreTve, `mdr~-s sabaJo organoebisaTvis

uflebamosilebis miniWebisaTvis, gamoeyenebinaT moldovis respublikis

beWdebi

da

luqebi

imgvarad,

rom

SesaZlebeli

yofiliyo

dnestrispireTidan saqonlis gatana.

b. sasamarTlos Sefaseba

1. zogadi principebi

(a) `iurisdiqciis~ cneba

310. `maRali xelSemkvreli mxareebi TavianTi iurisdiqciis farglebSi

yvela adamianisaTvis uzrunvelyofen winamdebare konvenciis

gansazRvrul uflebebsa da Tavisuflebebs.~

I

TavSi

311. pirveli muxlidan gamomdinareobs, rom wevri saxelmwifoebi pasuxs

ageben uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis nebismieri darRvevisaTvis, romelic

Cadenilia maT `iurisdiqciaSi~ myof pirebTan mimarTebaSi.

iurisdiqciis

xelSemkvreli saxelmwifosaTvis, raTa is CaiTvalos pasuxismgeblad im

moqmedebebTan da umoqmedobasTan mimarTebaSi, romelTa

ganxorcieleba

warmoadgens

aucilebel

pirobas

ganxorcieleba/ganuxorcielebloba mas eracxeba da wamoWris konvenciiT

gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis darRvevis varauds.

312. sasamarTlo iSveliebs mis mier dadgenil precedentul samarTals im

sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT, rom unda CaiTvalos, rom `iurisdiqciis cneba~

konvenciis pirveli muxlis miznebisaTvis asaxavs saerTaSoriso sajaro

samarTalSi moazrebul termins (ix. Gentilhomme and Others v. France, ##.

48205/99, 48207/99 da48209/99, punqti 20, 2002 wlis 14 maisis ganaCeni; Banković and

Others v. Belgium and Others (dec.) [GC], #. 52207/99, punqtebi 59-61, ECHR 2001-XII; da

Assanidze v. Georgia [GC], #. 71503/01, punqti 137, ECHR 2004-II).

saerTaSoriso sajaro samarTlis kuTxiT, sityvebi `iurisdiqciaSi~

konvenciis pirvel muxlSi imgvarad unda iqnes gagebuli, rom saxelmwifos

iurisdiqciuli kompetencia uwinaresad warmoadgens teritoriuls (ix.

zemoxsenebuli ganaCeni saqmeze Banković and Others, punqti 59) da, amave dros,

iurisdiqcia zogadad ganxorcielebuli unda iqnes saxelmwifos mTel

teritoriaze.

xsenebuli prezumfcia SesaZlebelia SeizRudos garkveul garemoebebSi,

kerZod, rodesac saxelmwifo moklebulia SesaZleblobas, ganaxorcielos

Tavisi uflebamosileba teritoriis nawilze. es SesaZlebelia moxdes

teritoriis sxva qveynis SeiaraRebuli Zalebis mier okupaciis SemTxvevaSi,

rodesac es Zalebi efeqturad akontroleben Sesabamis teritorias (ix.

Loizidou v. Turkey (pirveladi pretenziebi), 1995 wlis 23 martis ganaCeni, seria

A #310, da gadawyvetileba zemoxsenebul saqmeze Cyprus v. Turkey, punqtebi 76-

80, aseve zemoxsenebuli gadawyvetileba saqmeze Banković and Others, punqtebi

70-71), omis an ajanyebis dros an sxva saxelmwifos mier ganxorcielebuli

iseTi qmedebebis SemTxvevaSi, romlebic mxars uWers separatistuli

saxelmwifos Camoyalibebas Sesabamis saxelmwifoSi.

313. imisaTvis, rom mivideT zemoxsenebul daskvnamde, rom saqme gvaqvs aseT

gamonaklis situaciasTan, sasamarTlom, erTis mxriv, unda ganixilos yvela

Sesabamisi

faqtori,

romelic

zRudavs

saxelmwifos

mier

Tavis

teritoriaze uflebamosilebis efeqturad ganxorcielebas, da, meores

mxriv, TviT am saxelmwifos qmedeba. xelSemkvreli saxelmwifoebis mier

konvenciis pirveli muxliT nakisri valdebulebebi, garantirebul

uflebaTa ganxorcielebaSi Carevisagan Tavis Sekavebis garda, damatebiT

moicavs pozitiur valdebulebebs, gadadgmuli iqnes pozitiuri nabijebi

teritoriis SigniT uflebebis pativiscemis uzrunvelyofis kuTxiT (sxva

magaliTebs Soris ix. Z and Others v. the United Kingdom [GC], no. 29392/95, punqti 73,

ECHR 2001-V).

valdebulebaTa Sesruleba savaldebuloa maSinac ki, rodesac Sesabamisi

saxelmwifos xelisuflebis mier ganxorcieleba SezRudulia teritoriaze.

am SemTxvevaSi saxelmwifos kvlav akisria valdebuleba, ganaxorcielos

yvela is nabiji, romlis ganxorcielebac mas SeuZlia.

314. ufro metic, sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom marTalia, zemoxsenebuli

Banković and Others-is saqmis me-80 punqtSi xazgasmuli iqna konvenciis

teritoriuli principis Sesabamisad gamoyenebis upiratesoba, magram

sasamarTlom aseve aRiara, rom `iurisdiqciis~ cneba pirveli muxlis

mniSvnelobiT aucileblad Semofargluli ar aris maRali xelSemkvreli

mxareebis erovnuli teritoriiT (ix. Loizidou v. Turkey (arsebiTi ganxilva),

1996 wlis 18 dekembris ganaCeni, ganaCenebi da gadawyvetilebebi 1996-VI, gv.

2234-35, punqti 52).

sasamarTlom

dauSva,

rom

gamonaklis

garemoebebSi

xelSemkvreli

saxelmwifoebis qmedebebi, romlebic Cadenilia saxelmwifo teritoriis

gareT an zegavlenas axdens teritoriis gareT, SesaZloa CaiTvalos am

saxelmwifos mier iurisdiqciis ganxorcielebad konvenciis pirveli

muxlis mniSvnelobiT.

saerTaSoriso samarTlis Sesabamisi principebis Tanaxmad, SesaZlebelia

dadges saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba, rodesac samxedro RonisZiebis –

iqneba is kanonieri Tu ukanono – Sedegad igi praqtikulad axorcielebs

efeqtur kontrols im teritoriaze, romelic ganTavsebulia misi

teritoriis farglebs gareT. konvenciiT garantirebuli uflebebisa da

Tavisuflebebis dacvis valdebuleba aseT teritoriaze gamomdinareobs

aseTi kontrolis faqtidan, miuxedavad imisa, igi pirdapir, SeiaraRebuli

Zalebis meSveobiT xorcieldeboda Tu damokidebuli adgilobrivi

xelisuflebis meSveobiT (iqve).

315. aucilebeli ar aris imis garkveva, xelSemkvreli mxare detalurad

axorcielebs kontrols erovnuli teritoriis gareT myofi adgilobrivi

xelisuflebis organoebis qmedebebsa da politikaze Tu ara, radgan srul

kontrols aseT teritoriaze SeuZlia warmoSvas Sesabamisi xelSemkvreli

mxaris pasuxismgebloba (ix. zemoxsenebuli ganaCeni Loizidou-s saqmeze

(arsebiTi ganxilva), gv.2235-36, punqti 56).

316. rodesac xelSemkvreli mxare axorcielebs srul kontrols erovnuli

teritoriis gareT mdebare teritoriaze, misi pasuxismgebloba ar

Semoifargleba im qmedebebiT, romlebsac axorcieleben misi jariskacebi an

am teritoriaze myofi misi oficialuri pirebi, aramed aseve vrceldeba im

qmedebebze,

romlebsac

axorcieleben

adgilobrivi

xelisuflebis

organoebi, maTTvis aRmoCenili samxedro an sxva saxis mxardaWeriT rom

arseboben (ix. zemoxsenebuli ganaCeni saqmezeCyprus v. Turkey, punqti 77).

317. saxelmwifos pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi aseve SeiZleba dadges im

qmedebebis gamo, romlebic aisaxeba konvenciiT garantirebul uflebebze,

im SemTxvevaSic ki, Tu isini aisaxeba iurisdiqciis farglebs gareT.

magaliTad, araxelSemkvrel saxelmwifoSi eqstradiciasTan mimarTebaSi

sasamarTlom daadgina, rom xelSemkvreli mxare konvenciis faseulobebis

sawinaaRmdegod

politikuri

imoqmedebda,

tradiciebis,

`aseT

idealebis,

faseulobebs

ki

warmoadgens

da kanonis

Tavisuflebisa

uzenaesobis memkvidreoba, razec miTiTebas akeTebs konvenciis preambula~,

im SemTxvevaSi, Tu gangeb gadascemda mimalvaSi myof pirs sxva

saxelmwifos, rodesac am ukanasknelSi saxezea arsebiTi safuZvlebi imis

dasajereblad, rom Sesabamis pirs emuqreba realuri riski, daeqvemdebaros

wamebas Tu araadamianur mopyrobas an sasjels (ix. Soering v. the United

Kingdom, 1989 wlis 7 ivlisis ganaCeni, seriaA #. 161, gv. 35, punqtebi 88-91).

318. garda amisa, xelSemkvreli saxelmwifos umoqmedoba da dumiliT

gamoxatuli Tanxmoba kerZo pirebis mier Cadenil qmedebebTan mimarTebaSi

arRvevs

saxelmwifos

iurisdiqciaSi

myof

sxva

pirTa

konvenciiT

gaTvaliswinebul

uflebebs

da SesaZloa

warmoSvas

saxelmwifos

pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi konvenciis Tanaxmad (ix. zemoxsenebuli ganaCeni

saqmeze Cyprus v. Turkey, punqti 81). xsenebuli namdvilad ase iqneba Sesabamisi

saxelmwifos mier im TviTaRiarebuli xelisuflebis organoebis qmedebebis

aRiarebis SemTxvevaSi, romlebic ar aris aRiarebuli saerTaSoriso

Tanamegobrobis mier.

319. saxelmwifo pasuxismgeblad SeiZleba CaiTvalos im SemTxvevaSic ki,

rodesac misi warmomadgenlebi aWarbeben instruqciiT maTze dakisrebul

uflebamosilebas.

konvenciis

Tanaxmad,

saxelmwifos

xelisuflebis

organoebi mkacrad pasuxismgebelni arian maT daqvemdebarebaSi myof pirTa

qmedebebze; maT evalebaT, gaataron TavianTi neba-survili da ver

gaimarTleben Tavs imiT, rom ar ZaluZT am neba-survilis mimarT

pativiscemis uzrunvelyofa (ix. Ireland v. the United Kingdom, 1978 wlis 18

ianvris ganaCeni, seria A # 25, gv. 64, punqti 159; ix. aseve saerTaSoriso

samarTlis komisiis muxlebis proeqti saxelmwifoebis mier saerTaSoriso

kanondarRvevebTan dakavSirebul pasuxismgeblobebze, muxli

7

(ssk-s

naSromi), gv. 104, da Cairo-s saqme, romelic ganxiluli iqna zogadi

pretenziebis komisiis mier (1929), saerTaSoriso saarbitraJo komentarebi 5

(RIAA), gv. 516).

(b) saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba ukanono qmedebisaTvis

320. saerTaSoriso samarTlis kidev erT aRiarebul princips warmoadgens

saxelmwifos

pasuxismgebloba

saerTaSoriso

valdebulebebis

darRvevisaTvis, rogorc es dadasturebulia ssk-s naSromebiT.

321. ukanono qmedeba SesaZloa gangrZobadi iyos, Tu igi grZeldeba

garkveuli

xnis

ganmavlobaSi

da

ewinaaRmdegeba

saerTaSoriso

valdebulebas (ix. ssk-s naSromis komentarebis proeqti me-14 muxlis me-2

punqtTan mimarTebaSi, gv. 139).

garda amisa, sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom seriozuli kanondarRvevebisa da

umoqmedobebis dros darRveva vrceldeba mTel periodze, dawyebuli

pirveli qmedebidan manam, sanam moqmedebebi meordeba da ewinaaRmdegeba

Sesabamis

saerTaSoriso

valdebulebas

(ix.

aseve

ssk-s

naSromis

komentarebis proeqti me-15 muxlis me-2 punqtTan mimarTebaSi).

2. zemoxenebuli principebis gamoyeneba

322. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlom unda gamoikvlios, saxezea Tu ara moldovis

pasuxismgebloba imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom, erTis mxriv, mas evaleboda,

Tavi Seekavebina ukanono qmedebisagan, meores mxriv ki ganexorcielebina

konvenciiT dakisrebuli valdebulebebi.

323. sasamarTlo pirvel rigSi aRniSnavs, rom moldova amtkicebda, rom mas

ar

SeeZlo

Tavisi

erovnuli

teritoriis

nawilis,

saxeldobr,

dnestrispireTis regionis kontroli.

324.

sasamarTlo

aRniSnavs,

man daadgina,

rom

dasaSvebobasTan

dakavSirebul

konvenciis

gadawyvetilebaSi

moldovis mier

ratificirebis sigelSi gakeTebuli daTqma, romelic exeboda moldovis

kanonieri xelisuflebis organoebis mier dnestrispireTis teritoriaze

kontrolis uqonlobas, ar warmoadgenda dasaSveb daTqmas konvenciis 57-e

muxlis mniSvnelobiT.

Sesabamisad, kiTxva, romelic wamoiWreba, mdgomareobs imaSi, axdens Tu ara

zegavlenas moldovis samarTlebriv mdgomareobaze konvenciiT dakisrebul

mis

pasuxismgeblobasTan

mimarTebaSi,

zemoxsenebulis

miuxedavad,

faqtobrivi situacia, romelsac moldovis daTqma da SemdgomSi moldovis

mTavrobis mier warmodgenili komentarebi exeba.

325. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom winamdebare saqmeSi moldovis respublika,

romelic suverenulad iqna aRiarebuli parlamentis mier 1990 wlis 23

ivniss, damoukidebeli gaxda 1991 wlis 27 agvistos da SemdgomSi

aRiarebuli iqna saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobis mier, maleve waawyda

separatistul moZraobas dnestrispireTis regionSi. xsenebuli moZraoba

gaZlierda 1991 wlis dekemberSi adgilobrivi arCevnebis organizebiT,

romelic

organoebis mier (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 47-e punqti). 1991 wlis bolos

samoqalaqo omi gaCaRda moldovis respublikis Zalebsa da

ukanonod

iqna

gamocxadebuli

moldovis

xelisuflebis

dnestrispireTis separatistebs Soris, romlebsac aqtiurad uWerdnen

mxars, sul mcire, me-14 armiis garkveuli jariskacebi. 1992 wlis martSi

situaciis seriozulobis gamo gamocxadebuli iqna sagangebo mdgomareoba

(ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 69-e punqti).

SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis dros moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma

ramdenimejer mimarTes TxovniT saerTaSoriso sazogadoebas, maT Soris

gaero-s uSiSroebis sabWos 1992 wlis 23 ivniss (ix. winamdebare gnaCenis 83-e

punqti),

damoukideblobisTvis brZolaSi. brals sdebda ra ruseTis federacias

dnestrispireTis separatistebis mxardaWeraSi, moldovis mTavroba

uSiSroebis

sabWos

mxari

daeWira

moldovisaTvis

daJinebiT sTxovda ruseTs, `SeeCerebina~ mis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli agresia

(ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 78-e-79-e da 82-e-83-e punqtebi).

326. 1992 wlis 21 ivliss status quo-s safuZvelze xelmowerili iqna cecxlis

SewyvetasTan dakavSirebuli SeTanxmeba da gadawyda usafrTxoebis zonis

Seqmna xsenebuli situaciis SesanarCuneblad (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 87-e-

89-e punqtebi).

1994 wlis 29 ivliss miRebuli iqna moldovis respublikis axali

konstitucia. 111-e muxli iTvaliswinebda dnestris marcxena mxareze

mdebare

teritoriisaTvis

avtonomiurobis

statusis

miniWebis

SesaZleblobas. me-11 muxli krZalavda ucxo qveynis jarebis ganlagebas

qveynis teritoriaze (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 294-e punqti).

327. SemdgomSi, rodesac ganxorcielda konvenciis ratificireba 1997 wlis

12 seqtembers, moldovam saratifikacio sigelSi gaakeTa daTqma, rom mas ar

SeeZlo konvenciis debulebebTan Sesabamisobis uzrunvelyofa qveynis im

nawilSi, romelzec efeqtur kontrols axorcielebdnen `dnestrispireTis

TviTgamocxadebuli respublikis xelisuflebis organoebi~ im dromde,

sanam miRweuli iqneboda konfliqtis mogvareba (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis

298-e punqti).

328. 1992 wlis 21 ivlisis cecxlis Sewyvetis SeTanxmebiT dasrulda

pirveli etapi moldovis mcdelobisa, srulad ganexorcielebina sakuTari

uflebamosileba Tavis teritoriaze.

329. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom xsenebuli periodis Semdeg moldova

cdilobda, gaetarebina dumiliT gamoxatuli midgoma dnestrispireTis

regionze iseTi SezRuduli kontrolis ganxorcielebiT, romelic exeboda

piradobis mowmobebisa da sabaJo beWdebis gacemas (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis

179-80 punqtebi).

Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo konvenciis saratifikacio sigelTan erTad

wardgenil daTqmaSi swored aRniSnul situaciaze gakeTebul miTiTebas

xedavs.

330. xelT arsebuli mTeli informaciis safuZvelze sasamarTlos miaCnia,

rom moldovis mTavroba, saerTaSoriso samarTlis Tanaxmad moldovis

saxelmwifos

erTaderTi

legitimuri

mTavroba,

ver

axorcielebs

xelisuflebas Tavisi teritoriis nawilze, saxeldobr im nawilze,

romelic `mdr~-s xelSia.

ufro metic, xsenebuli sadavo ar gauxdiaT mxareebs an rumineTis

mTavrobas.

331. Tumca dnestrispireTis regionze efeqturi kontrolis ararsebobis

SemTxvevaSic ki moldovas kvlav ekisreba konvenciis pirveli muxliT

dakisrebuli pozitiuri valdebulebebis Sesrulebis movaleoba, kerZod,

valdebulebisa, ganaxorcielos mis xelT arsebuli da saerTaSoriso

samarTlis Sesabamisi diplomatiuri, ekonomikuri, sasamarTlo Tu sxva

saxis

RonisZiebebi,

raTa

daicvas

ganmcxadeblebis

konvenciiT

garantirebuli uflebebi.

3. pozitiuri valdebulebebis cneba

332. saxelmwifos pozitiur

valdebulebaTa

gansazRvrisas

gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnes samarTliani balansi individis pirad

interesebsa da zogad interesebs Soris, xelSemkvrel saxelmwifoebSi

arsebuli mravalgvari situacia, da arCevani unda gakeTdes prioritetebisa

da arsebuli saSualebebis WrilSi. xsenebuli valdebulebebi ar unda

iqnes ganmartebuli imgvarad, rom saxelmwifoebs daakisros ararealuri an

araproporciuli tvirTi (ix. Özgür Gündem v. Turkey, #23144/93, punqti 43, ECHR

2000-III).

333. sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom rodesac xelSemkvrel saxelmwifos ara aqvs

SesaZlebloba, xelisufleba ganaxorcielos Tavisi teritoriis mTlian

nawilze de facto arsebuli situaciis gamo, rogoric warmoiqmneba

separatistuli reJimis Seqmnis SemTxvevaSi, ara aqvs mniSvneloba, amas Tan

axlavs Tu ara meore saxelmwifos samxedro okupacia, amiT konvenciis

pirveli muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli iurisdiqcia ar wyvets moqmedebas

teritoriis aseT nawilze, romelic droebiT eqvemdebareba adgilobriv

xelisuflebas, romelsac mxars uWeren ajanyebulebi an sxva qveynis

Zalebi.

miuxedavad

amisa,

aseTi

faqtobrivi

situacia

amcirebs

aRniSnul

iurisdiqcias imiT, rom saxelmwifos mier 1-li muxliT nakisri

valdebuleba sasamarTlos mier ganxiluli unda iqnes am teritoriaze

myof pirTan mimarTebaSi mxolod xelSemkvreli saxelmwifos pozitiuri

valdebulebis TvalsazrisiT. Sesabamisi saxelmwifo unda ecados, mis

xelT arsebuli yvela saSualebiT da sxva saxelmwifoebTan da

saerTaSoriso

diplomatiuri

organizaciebTan

saSualebebiT, gaagrZelos

mimarTebaSi

samarTlebrivi

da

konvenciiT

garantirebul

uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa dacva.

334. marTalia, sasamarTlos ara aqvs ufleba, miuTiTos saxelmwifoebs da

xelisuflebis organoebs, Tu ra RonisZiebebi unda iqnes ganxorcielebuli

imisaTvis, rom yvelaze efeqturad Sesruldes maTze dakisrebuli

valdebulebebi,

magram

sasasamarTlom

unda

Seamowmos,

rom

ganxorcielebuli RonisZiebebi Sesaferisi da sakmarisi iyo winamdebare

saqmeSi. rodesac saxezea qmedebebis ganxorcielebis sruli an nawilobrivi

ugulebelyofa, sasamarTlos amocanaa imis garkveva, Tu ra minimaluri

mcdelobebis ganxorcieleba iyo SesaZlebeli da ganxorcielda Tu ara

isini. xsenebuli sakiTxis gansazRvra gansakuTrebiT aucilebelia iseT

SemTxvevebSi,

romlebic

exeba

absoluturi

uflebebis,

rogoric,

magaliTad, konvenciis me-2 da me-3 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebia,

savaraudo darRvevas.

335. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo askvnis, rom ganmcxadeblebi xvdebian

moldovis

respublikis

iurisdiqciaSi

konvenciis

pirveli

muxlis

mniSvnelobiT, magram misi pasuxismgebloba im gasaCivrebul qmedebebTan

mimarTebaSi, romlebic Cadenili iqna `mdr~-s teritoriaze, Sefasebuli

unda iqnes konvenciiT dakisrebuli pozitiuri valdebulebebis WrilSi.

4. ganaxorciela Tu ara moldovam masze dakisrebuli pozitiuri

valdebulebebi?

336. sasamarTlom unda gansazRvros, Seasrules Tu ara moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebma maTze dakisrebuli valdebulebebi, raTa

uzrunveleyoT konvenciiT garantirebuli uflebebi, Tu, rogorc es

ganmcxadeblebma da rumineTis mTavrobam asaxes, ar ganuxorcielebia

sakmarisi RonisZiebebi uflebebis dacvis kuTxiT.

337. winamdebare saqmeSi rTuli faqtobrivi situaciis mxedvelobaSi

miRebiT,

sasamarTlo

pirvel

rigSi

aRniSnavs,

rom

is

sakiTxi,

ganaxorciela

Tu ara

moldovam

masze dakisrebuli

pozitiuri

valdebulebebi, Zalze mWidrod aris dakavSirebuli moldovasa da

ruseTis federacias Soris da dnestrispireTsa da ruseTis federacias

Soris arsebul urTierTobebTan. garda amisa, mxedvelobaSi unda iqnes

miRebuli, Tu ra zegavlenis moxdena SeuZlia moldovas ruseTis

xelisuflebis organoebis meSveobiT ganmcxadebelTa situaciaze moldovis

dnestrispireTis teritoriaze.

338. sasamarTlo adgens, rom mas ar gaaCnia iurisdiqcia, imsjelos im

qmedebebze,

ratificirebamde.

ratificirebamde

romlebic

ganxorcielda

moldovis

mier

gaiTvaliswinos

moldovis pozitiur

konvenciis

Tumca sasamarTlos

ganxorcielebuli

SeuZlia

qmedebebi

valdebulebaTa Sefasebisas da yovelive es gamoiyenos Sedarebis

miznebisaTvis, rodesac Seafasebs moldovis mier 1997 wlis 12 seqtembris

Semdeg ganxorcielebul mcdelobebs.

339. moldovis pozitiuri valdebulebebi ukavSirdeba rogorc im

RonisZiebebs, romlebic ganxorcielda dnestrispireTis teritoriaze

kontrolis aRdgenasTan dakavSirebiT misi iurisdiqciis gamoxatvis saxiT,

aseve RonisZiebebs, romlebic miznad isaxavda ganmcxadebelTa uflebebis,

maT Soris maTi gaTavisuflebis uzrunvelyofas.

340. dnestrispireTze kontrolis aRdgenis valdebuleba, pirvel rigSi,

moldovis saxelmwifosagan moiTxovda `mdr~-s reJimisaTvis yovelgvari

Tanadgomis aRmoCenisagan Tavis Sekavebas, xolo meore rigSi

_

xelisuflebis xelT arsebuli yvela saxis politikuri, sasamarTlo da

sxva saxis RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebas, raTa aRdgeniliyo kontroli

dnestrispireTis teritoriaze.

sasamarTlos ar SeuZlia miuTiTos yvelaze Sesaferis RonisZiebebze,

romlebic moldovas unda ganexorcielebina an unda ganaxorcielos am

miznis misaRwevad. sasamarTlos aseve ar SeuZlia imis gansazRvra, aseTi

RonisZiebebi sakmarisi iyo Tu ara. sasamarTlom mxolod unda Seamowmos

moldovas survili, romelic gamoixata konkretul qmedebebsa da

RonisZiebebSi, kvlav daemyarebina kontroli `mdr-s~ teritoriaze.

341. winamdebare SemTxvevaSi, 1991-92 wlebSi SuRlis Camovardnidan,

moldovis xelisuflebis organoebs arasodes SeuwyvetiaT pretenziebis

gamoTqma

im

agresiasTan

dakavSirebiT,

romelsac

Tvlidnen,

rom

daeqvemdebarnen, da gmobdnen `mdr-s~ damoukideblobis gamocxadebas.

sasamarTlos azriT, rodesac saxezea iseTi reJimi, romelsac zurgs

umagrebs samxedro, politikuri da ekonomikuri TvalsazrisiT imgvari

Zala, rogoric ruseTis federaciaa (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis me-11-61-e

punqtebi), moldovas TiTqmis arafris gakeTeba ar SeeZlo, raTa aRedgina

kontroli dnestrispireTis teritoriaze. xsenebuls mowmobs samxedro

konfliqtis

dasasruli,

romelmac

warmoaCina,

rom

moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebs ar gaaCndaT saSualeba, daemyarebinaT kontroli

dnestrispireTis teritoriaze da gamklavebodnen ajanyebul Zalebs,

romlebsac zurgs me-14 armiis personali umagrebda.

342.

moldovis

xelisuflebis

damTvrebis

organoebma

Semdegac

1992

ganagrZes

wels

RonisZiebebis

dnestrispireTis

samxedro

dapirispirebis

ganxorcieleba,

teritoriaze.

raTa

daemyarebinaT

kontroli

magaliTad,

1993 wlidan

moyolebuli

moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebma daiwyes sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebis aRZvra

dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebis konkretuli warmomadgenlebis

winaaRmdeg

da

brals

sdebdnen

maT

saxelmwifo

organoebis

saxelebis/ufleba-movaleobebis miTviseba-uzurpirebaSi (ix. winamdebare

ganaCenis 167-e da 229-e-230-e punqtebi).

343. moldovis mcdelobebi, romlebic mimarTuli iyo dnestrispireTis

teritoriaze

xelisuflebis

ganxorcielebis

mcdelobisaken,

aseve

grZeldeboda 1994 wlis Semdegac. moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi

amtkicebdnen maT suverenitets `mdr-s~ mier kontrolirebad teritoriaze

rogorc qveynis SigniT, aseve saerTaSoriso asparezze (ix. winamdebare

ganaCenis 31-e, 53-e, 66-e, 68-e, 69-e da 77-e-83-e punqtebi). 1994 wels moldovam

miiRo axali konstitucia, romlis Tanaxmadac gaTvaliswinebuli iyo, inter

alia, dnestrispireTis teritoriisaTvis garkveuli avtonomiis miniWeba. imave

wels moldovam xeli moawera ruseTis federaciasTan SeTanxmebas

dnestrispireTis teritoriidan ruseTis jarebis 3 wlis ganmavlobaSi

gayvanis Sesaxeb.

1997 wlis 12 seqtembers moldovam moaxdina konvenciis ratificireba da

konvenciasTan

erTad

warmodgenil

daTqmebSi

daadastura

Tavisi

miswrafeba, aRedgina kontroli dnestrispireTis teritoriaze.

344. miuxedavad iseTi sasamarTlo RonisZiebebis Semcirebisa, romlebic

mimarTuli iyo dnestrispireTis teritoriaze moldovis xelisuflebis

aRdgenisaken, xsenebuli mcdelobebi mainc grZeldeboda 1997 wlis

Semdegac. dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis Tanamdebobis pirebis winaaRmdeg

aRZrul gamoZiebas araferi ar mohyva Sedegad. es gamoZieba Sewyda 2000

wels,

xolo

dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis

erT-erTi

maRali

Tanamdebobis piri dabrunda moldovaSi da dabrunebis Semdeg SeZlo

daekavebina maRali postebi (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 168-e punqti).

meores mxriv, moldovis xelisuflebis organoebis mcdelobebi mimarTuli

iyo ufro diplomatiuri RonisZiebebis gatarebisaken. 1998 wlis martSi

moldovam, ruseTis federaciam, ukrainam da dnestrispireTis regionma

xeli moaweres ramdenime xelSekrulebas, romlebic miznad isaxavda

dnestrispireTis konfliqtis mogvarebas. Sexvedrebi da molaparakebebi

tardeboda moldovisa da dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebs

Sorisac. bolos, 2002 wlidan moyolebuli, konfliqtis mogvarebasTan

dakavSirebuli ramdenime winadadeba iqna warmodgenili da ganxiluli

moldovis prezidentis, euTo-sa da ruseTis federaciis mier (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 107-e-110-e punqtebi).

sasamarTlo ar miiCnevs, rom moldovis mxridan RonisZiebebis Semcireba

niSnavda moldovis mier uaris gancxadebas regionze iurisdiqciis

aRdgenasTan dakavSirebuli mcdelobebis ganxorcielebasTan mimarTebaSi.

mxedvelobaSi unda iqnes miRebuli is faqti, rom adre moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebis mier ganxorcielebuli ramdenime RonisZieba

dablokili iqna `mdr-s~ sapasuxo RonisZiebebiT.

sasamarTlo aseve aRniSnavs, rom, moldovis mtkicebiT, molaparakebebis

strategiis Secvla diplomatiuri midgomebiT miznad isaxavda moldovis

samarTlebriv sferoSi dnestrispireTis dabrunebis momzadebas da es

warmoadgenda pasuxs im moTxovnebze, romlebsac ayenebdnen separatistebi

dnestrispireTSi arsebuli situaciis gadaWrasTan da ganmcxadebelTa

gaTavisuflebasTan

moldovis xelisuflebis

dakavSirebuli

msjelobebis

Sewyvites

dros.

im

Sesabamisad,

RonisZiebebis

organoebma

ganxorcieleba, romlebsac adre axorcielebdnen, kerZod, samarTlebriv

sferoSi. sasamarTlo xsenebulTan mimarTebaSi aRniSnavs b-ni sturcas

mowmis Cvenebas (ix. danarTi, punqtebi 309-14) da b-ni sidorovis mowmis

Cvenebas (ix. danarTi, punqti 446).

345. strategiis Secvlis paralelurad damyarda urTierToba moldovisa

da dnestrispireTis separatistuli reJimis xelisuflebis organoebs

Soris. miRweuli iqna SeTanxmebebi ekonomikuri TanamSromlobis kuTxiT,

urTierToba damyarda moldovis parlamentsa da `mdr-s parlaments~ Soris,

ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi xorcieldeboda TanamSromloba policiasa

da

uSiSroebis

sakiTxebTan

dakavSirebiT

da

aseve

saxeze

iyo

TanamSromloba sxva sferoebSi, rogoric aris sahaero marSrutebis

kontroli, satelefono kavSirebi da sporti (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 114-e,

178-e da 185-e punqtebi).

moldovis

xorcieldeboda moldovis xelisuflebis organoebis mxridan im motiviT,

rom gaumjobesebuliyo dnestrispireTSi mcxovrebi adamianebis

mTavrobis

ganmartebiT,

xsenebuli

TanamSromloba

yoveldRiuri cxovreba da miscemoda maT rac SeiZleba normaluri

cxovrebis SesaZlebloba. sasamarTlo, moldovis mTavrobis msgavsad,

miiCnevs, rom Tu gaviTvaliswinebT qmedebebis SezRudul bunebasa da

xasiaTs, xsenebuli qmedebebi ar SeiZleba CaiTvalos mxardaWerad

dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebisaTvis. sapirispirod, xsenebuli

qmedebebi warmoadgens moldovis mxridan dadasturebas survilisa,

aRedgina kontroli dnestrispireTis regionze.

346. rac Seexeba ganmcxadebelTa situacias, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom 1997

wels konvenciis ratificirebamde moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma

ganaxorcieles garkveuli sasamarTlo, politikuri da administraciuli

RonisZiebebi. es RonisZiebebi moicavda:

- uzenaesi sasamarTlos 1994 wlis 3 Tebervlis ganaCens, romelic auqmebda

ganmcxadebelTa 1993 wlis dekembris msjavrdebas da maTi patimrobis

brZanebas (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 222-e-223-e punqtebi);

- sisxlis samarTlis saqmes, romelic aRiZra 1993 wlis 28 dekembers

`dnestrispireTis uzenaesi sasamarTlos mosamarTleebis~ winaaRmdeg (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 223-e punqti);

-

moldovis prezidentis mier 1995 wlis

4

agvistos gamocxadebul

amnistias (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 226-e punqti) da moldovis parlamentis

1995 wlis 3 oqtombris Txovna (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 227-e punqti);

-

moldovidan eqimebis gagzavnas, raTa gaesinjaT dnestrispireTSi

patimrobaSi myofi ganmcxadeblebi (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 239-e da 263-e

punqtebi); da

-

ganmcxadebelTa ojaxebisaTvis finansuri daxmarebis gawevas da

daxmarebis aRmoCenas ganmcxadeblebis monaxulebaSi (ix. winamdebare

ganaCenis 239-e punqti).

xsenebuli periodis ganmavlobaSi, rogorc es mowmeTa Cvenebebidan irkveva,

dnestrispireTis liderebTan molaparakebisas moldovis xelisufebis

organoebi aseve sistematurad wamoWridnen xolme ganmcxadeblebis

gaTavisuflebasTan da maTi uflebebis pativiscemasTan dakavSirebul

sakiTxebs (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 172-e da 274-e-277-e punqtebi). kerZod,

sasamarTlo

aRniSnavs

erovnuli

sasamarTlo

organoebis

mier

ganxorcielebul mcdelobebs; magaliTad, iusticiis ministri b-ni sturca

mravaljer

dnestrispireTis

Cavida

dnestrispireTSi,

xelisuflebis

raTa

organoebTan

molaparakebebi

gaemarTa

ganmcxadebelTa

gaTavisuflebasTan dakavSirebiT.

347. moldova 1997 wlis Semdegac axorcielebda RonisZiebebs, raTa

uzrunveleyo ganmcxadebelTa uflebebi: dnestrispireTSi gagzavna eqimebi

ganmcxadeblebis gasasinjad (kiSiniovidan Casuli eqimebis mier gasinjva

Sedga 1999 wels), maT ojaxebs xelisuflebis organoebi uwevdnen finansur

daxmarebas

da

b-ni

sturca,

iusticiis

yofili

ministri

da

dnestrispireTTan molaparakebaTa komitetis Tavmjdomare, agrZelebda

ganmcxadebelTa gaTavisuflebasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis wamowevas

dnestrispireTis

dakavSirebiT sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom garkveul mowmeTa Cvenebebis

Tanaxmad, b-ni ilaSkus gaTavisufleba Sedegad mohyva `mdr~-s

xelisuflebis

organoebis

winaSe.

xsenebulTan

xelisuflebis organoebTan gamarTul xangrZliv molaparakebebs. ufro

metic, swored b-ni sturcas vizits da dnestrispireTSi 2001 wlis aprilSi

ganmcxadebelTa CamoyvanasTan dakavSirebul molaparakebebs mohyva Sedegad

b-ni ilaSkus gaTavisufleba (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 274-e punqti;

danarTi: b-ni sturca, punqtebi 310-12).

simarTles warmoadgens is faqti, rom moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi

aRar

axorcielebdnen

konkretul

RonisZiebebs,

romlebsac

adre

axorcielebdnen, kerZod, gamoZiebas im pirebis winaaRmdeg, romlebic

monawileobdnen ganmcxadebelTa msjavrdebasa da dapatimrebaSi. Tumca

sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom moldovis mxridan dnestrispireTis teritoriaze

kontrolis uqonlobis pirobebSi nebismieri saxis sasamarTlo gamoZieba

dnestrispireTSi mcxovrebi pirebis an im pirebis winaaRmdeg, romlebmac

danaSauli Caidines dnestrispireTSi, ubralod araefeqturi iqneboda.

xsenebuli dadasturebulia am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT mowmeTa mier

micemuli CvenebebiT (ix. danarTi: b-ni postovani, punqti 184; b-ni cadgana.

punqti 208; da b-ni rusu, punqti 302).

bolos moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma daxmarebisaTvis mimarTes ara

mxolod `mdr-s~ reJims, aramed sxva saxelmwifoebsa da saerTaSoriso

organizaciebsac,

raTa

maT

daxmareba

aRmoeCinaT

ganmcxadebelTa

gaTavisuflebis sakiTxSi (ix. danarTi: b-ni moSanu, punqti 249).

348. sasamarTlos ar gaaCnia raime saxis mtkicebuleba, rom 2001 wlis

maisSi b-ni ilaSkus gaTavisuflebis Semdeg efeqturi nabijebi iqna

gadadgmuli xelisuflebis organoebis mxridan, raTa bolo moReboda

ganmcxadebelTa konvenciiT garantirebul uflebaTa xelyofas, razec

Cioda danarCeni sami ganmcxadebeli. da bolos, xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT

b-ni

ganmcxadebelTa situaciis sakiTxi regularulad wamoiWreba xolme

moldovis xelisuflebis organoebis mier `mdr~-s xelisuflebis

sturcas

mtkicebulebis

garda

imasTan

mimarTebaSi,

rom

organoebTan molaparakebebisas, sasamarTlos ar gaaCnia araviTari sxva

informacia, romelsac ZaluZs im daskvnis gamyareba, rom moldovis

mTavroba gulmodgined axorcielebda mis xelT arsebul yvela RonisZiebas

ganmcxadebelTa gaTavisuflebis mizniT.

separatistebTan molaparakebebisas moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi

ganmcxadebelTa situaciasTan dakavSirebiT Semoifarglebodnen mxolod

sityvebiT,

raime

iseTi

SeTanxmebis

miRwevis

gareSe,

romelic

uzrunvelyofda konvenciiT garantirebuli uflebebis pativiscemas (ix.

danarTi, punqtebi 310-313).

analogiurad, miuxedavad imisa, rom ganmcxadeblebs aRkveTili hqondaT

Tavisufleba daaxloebiT 12 wlis ganmavlobaSi, sasamarTlos winaSe

warmodgenili aranairi gegma dnestrispireTis konfliqtis mogvarebasTan

dakavSirebiT ar iTvaliswinebs maT situacias da moldovis mTavroba ar

acxadebs pretenzias, rom aseTi dokumenti arsebobda an mimdinareobda

molaparakeba mis SeqmnasTan dakavSirebiT.

349. moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi aseve aRar mokidebian yuradRebiT

ganmcxadebelTa beds ruseTTan ormxrivi urTierTobebisas.

sasamarTlos azriT, is faqti, rom 2001 wlis 6 ivlisis mosmenaze

moldovis mTavrobam Tavi Seikava imis mtkicebisagan, rom ruseTis

federacia iyo pasuxismgebeli savaraudo darRvevebisTvis im mizeziT, rom

misi armia imyofeboda dnestrispireTSi, da es TavSekaveba ganpirobebuli

iyo imiT, rom xeli ar SeSloda `ganmcxadebelTa gaTavisuflebisaken

mimarTul process~ (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 360-e punqti), mTavrobis

mxridan warmoadgenda ruseTis xelisuflebis organoebis im zegavlenis

aRiarebas, romelic maT SesaZloa hqonodaT dnestrispireTis reJimze, Tuki

daJinebiT mosTxovdnen ganmcxadebelTa gaTavisuflebas. 2001 wlis maisamde

arsebuli poziciis sapirispirod, rodesac moldovis xelisuflebis

organoebi wamoWridnen xolme ruseTis xelisuflebis organoebTan sakiTxs

ganmcxadeblebis gaTavisuflebis Taobaze, es mcdelobebic, rogorc Cans,

am dRis Semdeg aseve Sewyda.

nebismier SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTlos ar miuRia aranairi informacia 2001

wlis maisis Semdeg moldovis xelisuflebis organoebis mxridan ruseTis

xelisuflebis organoebisaTvis raime mimarTvis Sesaxeb, romelic miznad

daisaxavda ganmcxadebelTa gaTavisuflebas.

350. mokled rom vTqvaT, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom dnestrispireTSi

situaciis gadaWrasTan dakavSirebuli molaparakebebi, romlebSic ruseTis

federacia gamodioda garanti saxelmwifos saxiT, grZeldeba 2001 wlis

Semdeg ganmcxadeblebis raime saxiT moxseniebis gareSe da moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebis mxridan raime saxis RonisZiebis ganxorcielebis

an ganxilvis gareSe, raTa momxdariyo ganmcxadeblebis konvenciiT

garantirebuli uflebebis uzrunvelyofa.

351. mxedvelobaSi iRebs ra mis xelT arsebul yvela masalas, sasamarTlo

Tvlis, rom 2001 wlis maisSi b-ni ilaSkus gaTavisuflebis Semdeg

moldovis mTavrobas ZaluZda, ganexorcielebina RonisZiebebi, raTa

uzrunveleyo

uflebebiT.

ganmcxadeblebi

maTTvis

konvenciiT

garantirebuli

352. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo adgens, rom SesaZloa saxeze iyos moldovis

xelisuflebis pasuxismgebloba konvenciis safuZvelze, imis gamo, rom man

ar ganaxorciela masze dakisrebuli pozitiuri valdebulebebi im

gasaCivrebul qmedebebTan mimarTebaSi, romlebic ganxorcielda 2001 wlis

maisis Semdeg.

amitomac imisaTvis, rom zustad iqnes gansazRvruli, namdvilad dgas Tu

ara

konvenciis

Tanaxmad

moldovis

pasuxismgebloba,

sasamarTlo

ganixilavs ganmcxadeblebis mier warmodgenil TiToeul saCivars.

II. xvdebian Tu ara ganmcxadeblebi ruseTis federaciis iurisdiqciaSi?

a. sasamarTlos winaSe warmodgenili argumentebi

1. ruseTis federaciis mTavroba

353. ruseTis mTavrobis mtkicebiT, gasaCivrebuli qmedebebi ar Sedis

ruseTis

federaciis

`iurisdiqciaSi~

konvenciis

pirveli

muxlis

mniSvnelobiT.

354. ruseTis federacias ar ganuxorcielebia da ar axorcielebs

iurisdiqcias dnestrispireTis regionze, romelic ekuTvnis moldovis

respublikas. kerZod, ruseTis federacias arasodes mouxdenia moldovis

respublikis

okupireba

da

iq

ganTavsebuli

sajariso

nawilebi

imyofebodnen moldovis TanxmobiT. me-14 armiis SenaerTebi ar ereodnen

moldovasa da dnestrispireTs Soris arsebul SeiaraRebul konfliqtSi,

aramed, moldovasa da ruseTis federacias Soris gaformebuli SeTanxmebis

Sesabamisad asrulebdnen samSvidobo movaleobebs da amiT xels uSlidnen

konfliqtis gamwvavebas da mSvidobian moqalaqeebSi msxverplis raodenobis

zrdas. ra Tqma unda, ukanono SeiaraRebuli qmedebebisas, iqneboda es

dnestrispireTis Tu moldovis mxridan, romlebic ganxorcielebuli

iqneboda me-14 armiis jariskacebis winaaRmdeg, isini valdebulni iyvnen,

Tavi daecvaT. SeuZlebeli iyo im valdebulebis Sesruleba, romelic

ruseTis federaciam aiRo 1994 wels da gulisxmobda samxedro Zalebis

gayvanas moldovis respublikis teritoriidan

SeTanxmebaze xelis moweridan, radganac xsenebuli gayvana ar iyo mxolod

ruseTze damokidebuli. pirvel rigSi, amis winaaRmdegni `mdr~-s

3

wlis ganmavlobaSi

xelisuflebis organoebi iyvnen, meore rigSi, mxedvelobaSi unda yofiliyo

miRebuli samxedro sawyobebis gadatanis teqnikuri mxare. stambulSi

gamarTul euTo-s samitze gayvanis vadad dasaxelda 2002 wlis 31 dekemberi

da ruseTis federacia cdilobda, Seesrulebina samitze miRweuli

SeTanxmebebi.

355. ruseTis mTavrobis mtkicebiT, dnestrispireTSi ruseTis jarebis

ganTavseba ar SeiZleba SevadaroT TurqeTis jarebis ganTavsebas kviprosis

CrdiloeT nawilSi, ra situaciac sasamarTlom ganixila Loizidou-s da Cyprus

v. Turkey saqmeebSi (orive saqme zemoT aris naxsenebi). umTavresi sxvaoba

mdgomareobs ganTavsebuli jarebis raodenobaSi. maSin, rodesac rod-s

mxolod 2000 jariskaci hyavs, TurqeTis jarebs CrdiloeT kviprosSi 30 000

meti jariskaci gaaCniaT.

rod-is jarebi ar moqmedebdnen `mdr~-sTan erTad an maTi saxeliT, maT

akisriaT samSvidobo misia da maTi xelmZRvanelis mizans warmoadgens

regionSi mSvidobisa da stabilurobis dacva da aseve iq arsebuli

uzarmazari raodenobis iaraRis dacva. samSvidobo Zalebi icavdnen

neitralitets, romelsac moiTxovda 1992 wlis 21 ivlisis SeTanxmeba.

mokled rom vTqvaT, ruseTis samxedro Zalebis yofnam moldovis

respublikis teritoriaze, moldovis TanxmobiT, regionSi mSvidobis

SenarCunebis mizniT, ar SeiZleba dRis wesrigSi daayenos ruseTis

federaciis pasuxismgebloba konvenciis pirveli muxlis mniSvnelobidan

gamomdinare.

356. ruseTis mTavroba kategoriulad uaryofda, rom axorcielebda an

warsulSi ganuxorcielebia raime saxis kontroli dnestrispireTis

teritoriaze da aRniSna, rom `mdr-m~ Seqmna sakuTari struqturebi, maT

Soris parlamenti da marTlmsajulebis organoebi.

ruseTis mTavroba ar axorcielebda raime saxis ekonomikur kontrols

dnestrispireTis regionze, romelic damoukideblad warmarTavda sakuTar

ekonomikur politikas moldovis respublikis farglebSi, magaliTad,

axdenda sakvebi produqtebisa da alkoholuri sasmelebis eqsports

sakuTari markebiT, oRond moldovis respublikis saxeliT da TiToeul

sferoSi moqmedi wesebis mixedviT. Sesabamisad, CrdiloeT kviprosSi

arsebuli situaciisagan gansxvavebiT, dnestrispireTis reJimi Sors iyo

imisagan rom misi arseboba damokidebuli yofiliyo ruseTis federaciaze.

ruseTis

jarebis

srulad

gayvanis

SemTxvevaSi

dnestrispireTis

adgilobrivi xelisuflebis organoebs ar SeeqmnebodaT araviTari

problemebi

mimarTebaSi.

TavianTi

qmedebebis

Tavisuflad

ganxorcielebasTan

357.

ruseTis

federacias

arasodes

aRmouCenia dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis organoebisaTvis Tundac cotaodeni samxedro, finansuri Tu

sxva saxis daxmareba. mas arasodes uRiarebia `mdr~, rogorc amas regioni

Tavad asaxelebs Tavis saxelad. dnestrispireTis regioni warmoadgenda

moldovis respublikis ganuyofel nawils iseve, rogorc, magaliTad,

gagauzia.

mTavrobam uaryo ganmcxadeblebis mtkiceba imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom

ruseTis federaciam gaxsna sakonsulo dnestrispireTis teritoriaze,

magram aRiara, rom xsenebuli sakiTxi didi xania dgas dRis wesrigSi

moldovasTan molaparakebisas.

1998 wlis 20 martis SeTanxmeba im sakiTxebze, romlebic ukavSirdeboda me-

14 armiis qonebas (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 299-e punqti) da sxva

SeTanxmebebs

`mdr~-sTan

ekonomikuri

TanamSromlobis

kuTxiT,

warmoadgenda kerZosamarTlebriv xelSekrulebas or kerZo mxares Soris

da ar iyo saerTaSoriso samarTlis regulirebis sagani. ar SeiZleba

xsenebuli argumentebis safuZvelze im daskvnis gamotana, TiTqos ruseTis

federaciam aRiara `mdr~.

analogiurad, aranairi daskvnis gamotana ar SeiZleba moldovasa da

ruseTis federacias Soris 1994 wlis 21 oqtombers xelmowerili

SeTanxmebis me-7 da me-13 muxlebidan (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 296-e punqti),

romlebic iTvaliswinebda tiraspolis samxedro aeroportis erToblivad

gamoyenebas ruseTis federaciis samxedro aviaciisa da `moldovis

respublikis dnestrispireTis samoqalaqo aviaciis mier~ da `moldovis

xelisuflebis

adgilobrivi

TviTmmarTvelobis

organoebisaTvis~

im

gaTavisuflebuli sacxovrebeli Senobebis an meqanikuri nawilebis

gadacemas, romlebic darCa ruseTis federaciis samxedro formirebebis

gayvanis Sedegad. ruseTis mTavrobis Tanaxmad, `dnestris regioni~

iTvleboda `saqmian gaerTianebad~, romelic axorcielebda sakuTar

qmedebebs konkretul teritoriaze.

358. moldovaSi mowmeebis mier micemuli Cvenebebis, kerZod ki yofili

samxedro prokuroris b-ni timoSenkos mier micemuli Cvenebis safuZvelze

ruseTis mTavrobam aRiara, rom ganmcxadeblebi patimrobaSi imyofebodnen

me-14 armiis kuTvnil SenobaSi, magram mTavroba amtkicebda, rom xsenebuli

patimroba ganxorcielebuli iyo rod-is disciplinuri wesebis darRveviT

da Tavad patimroba Zalze mcire xnis ganmavlobaSi ganxorcielda, radgan

b-nma timoSenkom swrafadve mouRo bolo kanonis darRvevas. Sesabamisad,

nebismier SemTxvevaSi, samarTlebrivi debulebebis SesaZlo darRveva

maleve iqna aRmofxvrili da ganmcxadeblebi ar SeiZleba CaTvliliyvnen

msxverplebad.

rac Seexeba sxva pretenziebs, ruseTis mTavroba acxadebda, rom ar

arsebobda araviTari mizezobrivi kavSiri ruseTis samxedro Zalebis

dnestrispireTSi yofnasa da ganmcxadebelTa situacias Soris.

2. moldovis mTavroba

359. 2000 wlis 24 oqtombers warmodgenil werilobiT komentarebSi,

moldovis mTavrobis mtkicebiT, SesaZlo iyo winamdebare saqmeSi ruseTis

federaciis pasuxismgeblobaze saubari konvenciis pirveli muxlis

mniSvnelobiT, da mxedvelobaSi unda miRebuliyo ruseTis federaciis

kuTvnili

jarebisa

da

aRWurvilobis

ganTavseba

dnestrispireTis

teritoriaze. xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT moldovis mTavroba eyrdnoboda

komisiis gadawyvetilebas saqmeze Cyprus v. Turkey (# 8007/77, 1978 wlis 10

ivlisi, gadawyvetilebebi da moxsenebebi 13) da sasamarTlos ganaCens

zemoxsenebul Loizidou-s saqmeze (pirveladi pretenziebi).

360. 2001 wlis 6 ivniss gamarTul saqmis mosmenaze moldovis mTavroba

acxadebda, rom surda 2000 wlis 24 oqtombris werilobiT komentarebSi

dafiqsirebuli poziciis Secvla im sakiTxTan mimarTebaSi, romelic

exeboda ruseTis federaciis pasuxismgeblobas. Tavis pozicias mTavroba

xsnida imiT, rom xsenebuli nabijis mizans warmoadgenda `arasasurveli

Sedegebis, kerZod, im procesisaTvis xelis SeSlis Tavidan acileba,

romelic miznad isaxavda dnestrispireTis konfliqtis mogvarebas da sxva

ganmcxadeblebis patimrobisaTvis bolos moRebas~.

361. 2003 wlis

1

oqtombers warmodgenil werilobiT komentarebSi

moldovis mTavroba xazs usvamda, rom me-14 armia aqtiurad monawileobda,

pirdapir da arapirdapir, 1991-92 wlis konfliqtSi separatistebis mxareze,

aRmouCina separatistebis mxares samxedro daxmareba da aseve zurgs

umagrebda mas. moldovis mTavroba Tvlida, rom ruseTis mTavroba iyo

ssrk-s uflebamonacvle saxelmwifo saerTaSoriso konteqstSi da rom

amitom ruseTi pasuxismgebeli unda yofiliyo ssrk-s organoebis, am

SemTxvevaSi ki me-14 armiis (romelsac saxeli gadaerqva rod-ad) mier

Cadenil qmedebebze. ruseTi pasuxismgeblad unda yofiliyo miCneuli

dnestrispireTis separatistuli reJimis damkvidrebisaTvis da am reJimis

mier ganxorcielebuli qmedebebisaTvis.

garda amisa, moldovis mTavroba amtkicebda, rom saxeze iyo ruseTis

federaciis pasuxismgebloba imis gamo, rom me-14 armiis personali

monawileobda

ganmcxadeblebis

dakaveba-dakiTxvaSi,

ganmcxadeblebi

patimrobaSi me-14 armiis kuTvnil SenobaSi imyofebodnen da isini gadasces

dnestrispirel separatistebs.

362.

dnestrispireTis teritoriaze Cadenili qmedebebi konvenciis pirveli

muxlis Tanaxmad xvdeboda ruseTis federaciis iurisdiqciaSi

dnestrispireTis konfliqtis saboloo mogvarebamde.

Sesabamisad,

moldovis

mTavroba

Tvlida,

rom

zogadad

363. moldovis mTavroba amtkicebda, rom marTalia, ar ewinaaRmdegeboda

dnestrispireTis mxarisaTvis rod-is kuTvnili garkveuli samoqalaqo

aRWurvilobis gadacemas, igi yovelTvis kategoriulad winaaRmdegi iyo

regionisaTvis raime saxis SeiaraRebis an samxedro an ormagi gamoyenebis

teqnologiis gadacemisa (romelic gamoiyeneba rogorc samoqalaqo, ise

samxedro daniSnulebiT).

rac Seexeba terminis `moldovis respublikis dnestrispireTis regionis

adgilobrivi

TviTmmarTvelobis

organoebi~

mniSvnelobas,

romelic

ruseTis federaciis monawileobiT dadebul ramdenime SeTanxmebaSi

(romlebic aRniSnul organoebze garkveul miTiTebas akeTebs) gvxvdeba,

moldovis mTavroba acxadebda, rom xsenebuli miuTiTebda moldovis

konstituciis Sesabamisad Seqmnil administraciul organoebze, romlebic

eqvemdebarebodnen

xelisuflebis

centralur

organoebs.

moldovis

mTavroba kategoriulad uaryofda im ganmartebas, romlis Tanaxmadac

zemoaRniSnul SeTanxmebebSi moxseniebul xelisuflebis organoebSi

igulisxmeboda is administraciuli organoebi, romlebic tiraspolis

xelisuflebis organoebs emorCilebodnen.

3. ganmcxadeblebi

364.

ganmcxadebelTa

mtkicebiT,

saxeze

iyo

ruseTis

federaciis

pasuxismgebloba ramdenime faqtoris gamo. xsenebuli moicavda im wvlils,

romelic Seitanes ssrk-m da ruseTis federaciam `mdr~-s SeqmnaSi, ruseTis

SeiaraRebuli Zalebisa da rusi kazakebis monawileobas moldovasa da

`mdr~-s Soris 1991-92 wlebis konfliqtSi da im ekonomikur da politikur

mxardaWeras, romelsac ruseTis federacia `mdr~-s uCenda.

365. pirvel rigSi, ruseTis xelisuflebis organoebi mxars uWerdnen

dnestrispirel separatistebs rogorc politikuri gziT, ise SeiaraRebul

konfliqtSi monawileobiT. xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT ganmcxadeblebi

miuTiTebdnen faqtobriv mtkicebulebebze, romlebic mowmobda ruseTis

federaciis mxardaWeras (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 111-e-136-e punqtebi) da

mraval

pretenziaze,

romlebic

1992

wels

gamoTqves

moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebma moldovis teritoriaze me-14 armiis agresiasTan

dakavSirebiT. xelisuflebis organoebi aseve pretenziebs gamoTqvamdnen im

sajaro gancxadebebis gamo, romlebsac separatistebis mxardasaWerad

akeTebdnen me-14 armiis xelmZRvaneloba da ruseTis liderebi. pretenziebi

exeboda aseve me-14 armiis xelmZRvanelobis monawileobas dnestrispireTSi

gamarTul arCevnebSi, dnestrispireTis mxaris mier gamarTul samxedro

aRlumebsa da sxva sazogadoebriv RonisZiebebSi.

366. ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom ruseTis federaciam ar gaakeTa

araferi imisaTvis, rom xeli SeeSala kazakebisa da sxva rusi

daqiravebuli

boevikebisaTvis,

ebrZolaT

separatistebis

gverdiT.

sapirispirod, ruseTis federacia axalisebda daqiravebul boevikebs

amisaken, am dros ki me-14 armia aiaraRebda da wvrTnida dnestrispirel

separatistebs.

367.

ganmcxadebelTa

mtkicebiT,

e.w.

`mdr~-s

Zalovani

organoebi

faqtobrivad ruseTis mTavrobis marionetebi iyvnen.

368. ufro metic, ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom `mdr~ aRiarebuli iyo

ruseTis mTavrobis mier. xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT ganmcxadeblebi

miuTiTebdnen im SeTanxmebaze, romelic ukavSirdeboda me-14 armiis

sakuTrebas da dadebuli iyo 1998 wlis 20 marts ruseTis federaciasa da

dnestrispireTs

Soris

(ix.

winamdebare

ganaCenis

299-e

punqti).

ganmcxadeblebi aseve amtkicebdnen, rom ruseTis politikur partiebs

gaaCndaT filialebi tiraspolSi, rom ruseTis federaciis sagareo saqmeTa

saministros gaxsnili hqonda sakonsulo moldovis xelisuflebis

organoebis nebarTvis gareSe da rom dnestrispireTis liderebs, maT Soris

b-n smirnovs, b-n maraCutas da b-n karamans, hqondaT rusuli pasportebi.

369. `mdr~-s de facto aRiarebis garda, ruseTis federacia mxars uWerda

tiraspolis

dadasturebulia zemoxsenebuli 1998 wlis 20 martis SeTanxmebiT,

romelmac `mdr~-s mxares miakuTvna Semosavali rod-is kuTvnili

aRWurvilobis gayidvidan, dnestrispireTis mxares ruseTis xelisuflebis

reJims

ekonomikurad

da

finansurad,

rogorc

es

organoebma

urTierTobebi

aseve

Seumcires

vali,

damyarebuli

iqna

ekonomikuri

da

ruseTis

iaraRis

mwarmoebel

`rosvooruJeniesa~

dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebs Soris da dnestrispireTis

bankma gaxsna sabanko angariSebi ruseTis centralur bankSi.

370. ganmcxadebelTa Tanaxmad, aseTi qmedebebi, ruseTis federaciis mier

dnestrispireTis teritoriis de facto kontrolTan erTad aRebuli,

warmoSobda ruseTis federaciis pasuxismgeblobas adamianis uflebaTa iq

Cadenil darRvevebTan mimarTebaSi.

ganmcxadeblebi eyrdnobodnen sasamarTlos precedentul samarTals

zemoxsenebul Loizidou-s saqmeSi (pirveladi pretenziebi) im argumentis

gasamyareblad, rom ruseTis federacia SesaZloa pasuxismgebeli yofiliyo

misi teritoriis gareT, kerZod ki mis mier kontrolirebadi regionis

teritoriaze Cadenil qmedebebTan mimarTebaSi.

ganmcxadeblebi aseve eyrdnobodnen haagis saerTaSoriso sasamarTlos

precedentul samarTals, romelmac samxreT afrikis namibiaSi yofnis

saqmeze sakonsultacio daskvnaSi aRniSna, rom saxelmwifoebs evalebodaT,

uzrunveleyoT, rom kerZo pirebis mier ganxorcielebul qmedebebs

zegavlena ver moexdinaT xsenebul teritoriaze mcxovreb pirebze.

ganmcxadeblebi aseve miuTiTebdnen Kling-is saqmeze, romelSic zogadi

pretenziebis komisiam, romelic Seqmnes SeerTebulma Statebma da meqsikam

1923 wels, daadgina, rom saxelmwifo pasuxismgebeli iyo misi jariskacebis

mier mowyobil ajanyebaze.

4. rumineTis mTavroba, saqmeSi CarTuli mesame mxare

371. rumineTis mTavroba Tavdapirvel etapze amtkicebda, rom saqmeSi misi

CarTvis

mizans

warmoadgenda

faqtebisaTvis

naTelis

mofena

da

samarTlebrivi argumentaciis warmodgena ganmcxadeblebis, romlebic misi

moqlaqeebi iyvnen, sasargeblod.

372. uSvebda ra, rom gasaCivrebuli qmedebebi namdvilad ganxorcielda da

grZeldeboda `mdr-Si~ da rom moldovis teritoriis nawili imyofeboda

tiraspolis separatistuli xelisuflebis qveS, rumineTis mTavrobam

xazgasmiT

aRniSna

ruseTis

jarebis

monawileoba

da

zegavlena

dnestrispireTis regionis kiSiniovis kontrolis gareT gangrZobad

yofnaze.

rumineTis mTavrobis mtkicebiT, me-14 armia xels uwyobda separatistebis

SeiaraRebuli Zalebis Seqmnas. konfliqtis damTavrebis Semdeg me-14 armiis

personali rCeboda moldovis teritoriaze.

373. rumineTis mTavroba miuTiTebda konvenciis organoebis precedentul

samarTalze, romlis Tanaxmadac xelSemkvreli mxaris pasuxismgebloba

SesaZloa saxeze iyos, rodesac samxedro RonisZiebis safuZvelze igi

praqtikulad axorcielebs kontrols misi teritoriis gareT mdebare

sivrceze (ix. Cyprus v. Turkey, komisiis zemoxsenebuli gadawyvetileba; Loizidou-

s saqme (pirveladi pretenziebi), da Cyprus v. Turkey, komisiis 1994 wlis 4

ivnisis moxseneba).

rumineTis mTavrobis mtkicebiT, xsenebuli precedentuli samarTali

srulad miesadageboda winamdebare saqmeSi arsebul faqtebs, pirvel rigSi,

imis safuZvelze, rom me-14 armiis Zalebi monawileobdnen samxedro

konfliqtSi, romlis drosac moldova cdilobda Tavisi suverenuli

iurisdiqciis aRdgenas xsenebul teritoriaze, da, meore rigSi, imis

safuZvelze,

rom

xsenebuli

jarebi

imyofebodnen

`mdr~-Si.

didi

mniSvneloba ar hqonda im faqts, rom ruseTis jarebis raodenoba

TandaTanobiT Semcirda adgilobrivi xelisuflebis organoebis mier

sakuTari

SeiaraRebuli

Zalebis

Camoyalibebisa

da

ganviTarebis

proporciulad, radgan sapirispiro komponenti moldovis teritoriaze

ruseTis jarebis ganTavsebisa da xangrZlivi yofnis saxiT kvlav saxeze

iyo.

274. ufro metic, ruseTis federaciis organoebi politikur zegavlenas

axorcielebdnen tiraspolis separatistul xelisuflebaze.

375. rumineTis mTavroba amtkicebda, rom saxelmwifo pasuxismgebeli iyo

misi

uflebamosilebis borotad gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSic, da xsenebulTan

dakavSirebiT miuTiTebda ruseTis xelisuflebis organoebis mier

organoebis

mier

ganxorcielebul

qmedebebze,

maT

Soris

gakeTebul gancxadebebze, maT Soris prezident elcinis gancxadebaze da

im rus jariskacebze, romlebic ibrZodnen separatistebis mxares. garda

amisa, rumineTis mTavrobis azriT, saxelmwifo pasuxismgebeli unda

yofiliyo im kanondarRvevebze, romlebic Cadenili iyo kerZo pirebis mier,

rodesac aseTi qmedebebi warmoadgenda saxelmwifos xelisuflebis

organoebis umoqmedobis Sedegs, aseTi qmedebebis aRkveTis, kontrolis

ararsebobis Tu gaufrTxileblobis kuTxiT.

b. sasamarTlos Sefaseba

1. zogadi principebi

376. sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom zemoxsenebuli zogadi principebis reziume

(ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 310-e-321-e punqtebi) Sesabamisia im sakiTxis

ganxilvisa, xvdebian Tu ara ganmcxadeblebi ruseTis federaciis

iurisdiqciaSi.

2. zemoxsenebuli principebis gamoyeneba

377. winamdebare saqmeSi sasamarTlos amocanas warmoadgens imis garkveva,

zemoxsenebuli principebis gaTvaliswinebiT (ix. kerZod 314-e-316-e punqtebi)

SesaZlebelia Tu ara, rom ruseTis federacia iyos pasuxismgebeli

savaraudo darRvevebze.

378. sasamarTlo Tavdapirvel etapze aRniSnavs, rom ruseTis federacia

saerTaSoriso samarTlis Tanaxmad warmoadgens ssrk-s uflebamonacvle

saxelmwifos (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 290-e punqti). sasamarTlo aseve

aRniSnavs, rom rodesac dsT Seiqmna, moldova ar SeuerTda dsT-s

SeiaraRebuli Zalebis wvrTnebs da amiT damtkicda, rom mas ar surda,

monawileoba

mieRo

dsT-s

samxedro

sferoSi

ganxorcielebul

TanamSromlobaSi (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 293-e-294-e punqtebi).

(a) ruseTis federaciis mier konvenciis ratificirebamde

379. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom 1991 wlis 14 noembers, rodesac daiSala

ssrk, moldovis axalgazrda respublikam ganacxada Tavisi uflebebi

aRWurvilobasa da iaraRze, romlebic inaxeboda mis teritoriaze

ganTavsebuli me-14 armiis sawyobebSi (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 37-e punqti).

moldova aseve awarmoebda molaparakebebs ruseTis federaciasTan im

mizniT,

rom

am

ukanasknels

gaeyvana

Tavisi

jarebi

moldovis

teritoriidan.

380. sasamarTlos azriT, moldovis 1991-92 wlebis konfliqtis dros me-14

armiis Zalebi (romlebic miekuTvnebodnen ssrk-s, dsT-s, SemdgomSi ki

ruseTis federacias), romlebic ganTavsebulni iyvnen dnestrispireTSi,

moldovis respublikis ganuyofeli nawilis teritoriaze, ibrZodnen

dnestrispireTis Zalebis mxares. ufro metic, me-14 armiis (romelic rod-

ad

gadaiqca)

sawyobebidan

didi

raodenobis

iaraRi

gadaecemoda

separatistebs, romlebic aseve axerxebdnen iaraRis dapatronebas rusi

jariskacebis mxridan raime saxis winaaRmdegobis gawevis gareSe (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 48-e-136-e punqtebi).

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom 1991 wlis dekembridan moyolebuli moldovis

xelisufebis organoebi sistematurad aprotestebdnen sxva organoebTan

erTad saerTaSoriso organoebis winaSec `agresiis qmedebebs~, rogorc

isini amas uwodebdnen, me-14 armiis mxridan moldovis respublikis

winaaRmdeg da brals sdebdnen ruseTis federacias dnestrispireTis

separatistebis mxardaWeraSi.

Tu

mxedvelobaSi

miviRebT

borotad gamoyenebasTan

saxelmwifoebis

pasuxismgeblobas

aranairi

uflebamosilebis

mimarTebaSi,

mniSvneloba ara aqvs, rogorc amas ruseTis federacia amtkicebda, rom me-

14 armias monawileoba ar miuRia, rogorc aseTi, moldovis Zalebsa da

dnestrispirel ajanyebulebs Soris samxedro operaciebSi.

381. moldovis xelisufebis organoebsa da dnestrispireTis mxares Soris

Setakebebisas

ruseTis

federaciis

liderebi

Tavisi

politikuri

gancxadebebiT mxars uWerdnen separatistuli xelisuflebis organoebs (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 46-e, 75-e, 137-e da 138-e punqtebi). ruseTis federaciam

Seadgina 1992 wlis 21 ivlisis cecxlis Sewyvetis SeTanxmebis didi nawili

da ufro metic, misi mxarec ki iyo.

382. xsenebuli garemoebebidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom saxezea

ruseTis federaciis pasuxismgebloba im ukanono qmedebebTan mimarTebaSi,

romlebic ganxorcielda dnestrispireTis teritoriaze separatistebis

mier. is samxedro da politikuri mxardaWera, romelsac ruseTi

separatistebs uCenda separatistuli reJimis SeqmnaSi, da ruseTis

samxedro personalis konfliqtSi monawileoba naTlad adasturebs

xsenebuls. aseTi qmedebebiT ruseTis federaciis xelisuflebis organoebi

xels uwyobdnen samxedro da politikuri TvalsazrisiT separatistuli

reJimis Seqmnas dnestrispireTis im regionSi, romelic moldovis

respublikis ganuyofel nawils warmoadgens.

sasamarTlo aseve aRniSnavs, rom 1992 wlis 21 ivlisis cecxlis Sewyvetis

SeTanxmebis Semdgomac ki ruseTis federacia agrZelebda samxedro,

politikuri da ekonomikuri mxardaWeris aRmoCenas separatistuli

reJimisaTvis (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 111-e-161-e punqtebi) da amiT

SesaZleblobas

aZlevda,

earseba

da gaZlierebuliyo moldovasTan

mimarTebaSi avtonomiurobis mopovebis paralelurad.

383. sasamarTlo aseve aRniSnavs, rom zemoxsenebuli movlenebis konteqstSi,

ganmcxadeblebi dakavebulni iqnen 1992 wlis ivnisSi me-14 armiis (SemdgomSi

rod-i) jariskacebis monawileobiT. pirveli sami ganmcxadebeli SemdgomSi

dapatimrebulni iqnen me-14 armiis SenobaSi da maT darajobdnen me-14 armiis

jariskacebi.

patimrobis

periodSi

xsenebuli

sami

ganmcxadebeli

dakiTxulni iqnen da isini dauqvemdebares iseT mopyrobas, romelic

SesaZloa CaiTvalos konvenciis me-3 muxlis sawinaaRmdegod. isini

SemdgomSi gadaecnen dnestrispireTis policias.

analogiurad, me-14 armiis jariskacebis mier dakavebis Semdeg meoTxe

ganmcxadebeli

SemdgomSi igi daapatimres, dakiTxes da policiis SenobaSi dauqvemdebares

mopyrobas, romelic SesaZloa CaiTvalos konvenciis me-3 muxlis

sawinaaRmdegod.

gadaeca

dnestrispireTis

separatistul

policias,

384. sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom, zemoxsenebuli movlenebis gaTvaliswinebiT,

ganmcxadeblebi xvdebodnen ruseTis federaciis iurisdiqciaSi konvenciis

pirveli muxlis mniSvnelobiT, miuxedavad imisa, rom rodesac xsenebuli

ganxorcielda, ruseTis federaciisaTvis konvencia ar iyo ZalaSi Sesuli.

swored amitom unda CaiTvalos, rom is qmedebebi, romlebmac warmoSva

ruseTis federaciis pasuxismgebloba, moicavda ara mxolod qmedebebs,

romlebSic monawileobdnen saxelmwifos warmomadgenlebi _ rogoric aris,

magaliTad, ganmcxadebelTa dakaveba da patimroba, aramed aseve maT

gadacemas dnestrispireTis policiisa da iq arsebuli reJimisaTvis da

SemdgomSi maTdami arasaTanado mopyrobas policielebis mxridan. aseTi

qmedebebisas

gaTviTcnobierebuli,

arakonstituciur reJims.

ruseTis

warmomadgenlebs

isini gadascemdnen

srulad

pirebs

hqondaT

ukanono da

rom

garda amisa, Tuki gaviTvaliswinebT im qmedebebs, romelTa CadenaSic

ganmcxadeblebs edebodaT brali, ruseTis xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebma

icodnen an unda scodnodaT im bedis Sesaxeb, romelic ganmcxadeblebs

moelodaT.

385. sasamarTlos azriT, rusi jariskacebis mier Cadenili yvela qmedeba

ganmcxadeblebTan mimarTebaSi, maT Soris ganmcxadebelTa gadacema

separatistuli reJimisaTvis, ruseTis xelisuflebis ukanono reJimTan

TanamSromlobis konteqstSi, warmoaCens ruseTis pasuxismgeblobas am

reJimis mier ganxorcielebul qmedebebTan dakavSirebiTac.

dasadgeni rCeba, saxeze iyo Tu ara kvlav pasuxismgebloba da saxezea Tu

ara igi ruseTis federaciis mier konvenciis ratificirebisas.

(b) ruseTis fedraciis mier konvenciis ratificirebis Semdeg

386. 1998 wlis 5 maiss konvenciis ratificirebis Semdgom periodTan

mimarTebaSi sasamarTlo aRniSnavs Semdegs:

387. ruseTis armia kvlav ganTavsebulia moldovis teritoriaze im

valdebulebis sawinaaRmdegod, romelic gulisxmobs jarebis srulad

gayvanas da romelic ruseTis federaciam ikisra euTo-s samitze (1999) da

portos samitze (2001). miuxedavad im faqtisa, rom dnestrispireTSi

ganTavsebuli rusuli jarebis raodenoba faqtiurad mniSvnelovnad

Semcirda 1992 wlis Semdeg (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 131-e punqti),

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom rod-is iaraRis sawyobebi kvlav iq rCeboda.

Sesabamisad,

arsebuli

arsenalis

moculobis

gaTvaliswinebiT

(ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 131-e punqti), rod-is samxedro mniSvneloba regionSi

da misi gadamarwmunebeli zegavlena mainc arsebobs.

388. sasamarTlo amasTanave aRniSnavs, rom ruseTis federaciasa da

moldovis dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebs Soris miRweuli

SeTanxmebis Tanaxmad (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 112-e-120-e da 123-e punqtebi),

`mdr~-s xelisuflebis organoebs unda mieRoT rod-is infrastruqtura da

arsenali rod-is srulad gayvanisas. xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT unda

aRiniSnos, rom ruseTis mTavrobis mier micemuli ganmarteba terminisa

`dnestrispireTis regionis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebi~,

romelic moipoveba sxva SeTanxmebebTan erTad 1994 wlis 21 oqtombris

SeTanxmebaSic (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 116-e punqti), sul sxvanairad

aRiqmeba, vidre es molodvis mTavrobam aRiqva, da am faqtma SesaZlebloba

misaca `mdr~-s reJims, moepovebina infrastruqtura.

389. rac Seexeba samxedro urTierTobebs, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom

moldovis delegacia Sereul sakontrolo komisiaSi mudmivad wamoWrida

pretenziebs rod-is personalsa da dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis

organoebs Soris faruli SeTanxmebebis arsebobasTan dakavSirebiT,

romelTa safuZvelzec xorcieldeboda dnestrispirelebisaTvis iaraRis

miwodeba. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom rod-is personali uaryofda

xsenebul pretenziebs delegatebis TandaswrebiT da acxadebda, rom

garkveuli aRWurviloba marTlac SesaZlebelia aRmoCnda separatistebis

xelSi qurdobis Sedegad.

rod-is winaaRmdeg gamoTqmuli braldebebisa da iaraRis sawyobebis saSiSi

xasiaTis mxedvelobaSi miRebiT, sasamarTlosaTvis rTulia imis aRqma, Tu

ratom ara aqvs rod-is jarebs efeqturi kanonieri saSualebebi, rom

aRkveTos iaraRis aseTi gadacema da qurdoba, rogorc es naTlad ikveTeba

delegatebisaTvis micemul mowmeTa Cvenebebidan.

390. sasamarTlo gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas aniWebs im finansur

mxardaWeras, romelsac `mdr~ iRebda ruseTis federaciasTan dadebuli

Semdegi SeTanxmebebis safuZvelze:

- 1998 wlis 20 marts xelmowerili SeTanxmeba ruseTis federaciasa da

`mdr-s~

warmomadgenlebs

Soris,

romelic

iTvaliswinebda

rod-is

aRWurvilobis gayidvidan Semosuli Tanxebis ganawilebas `mdr~-sa da

ruseTis federacias Soris;

- 2001 wlis 15 ivnisis SeTanxmeba, romelic exeboda erToblivi samuSaoebis

ganxorcielebas SeiaraRebis, samxedro teqnologiebisa da aRWurvilobis

sakiTxebSi;

- ruseTis federaciis mier `mdr~-saTvis 100 milioni amerikuli dolaris

valis Semcireba, da

-

dnestrispireTSi rusuli gazis ufro xelsayrel fasad miwodeba

moldovis sxva regionebTan SedarebiT (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 156-e

punqti).

sasamarTlo amasTanave aRniSnavs ganmcxadeblebis mier warmodgenil

informacias, romelic ar uaryo ruseTis mTavrobam da romelic exeba

ruseTis federaciis mier kontrolirebad kompaniebsa da dawesebulebebs,

an romelTa politikac eqvemdebareba saxelmwifo nebarTvas, romlebic

moqmedeben,

kerZod,

samxedro

sferoSi

da

SeZles

komerciuli

urTierTobebis damyareba `mdr~-Si arsebul analogiur firmebTan (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 150-e da 151-e punqtebi).

391. sasamarTlo aseve aRniSnavs, rom rogorc 1998 wlis 5 maisamde, aseve am

TariRis

Semdegac

ruseTis

federaciis

samSvidobo

Zalebis

mier

kontrolirebad usafrTxoebis zonaSi `mdr~-s reJimi axorcielebda Tavisi

jarebis ganTavsebas ukanonod, aseve grZeldeboda iaraRis warmoeba da

gayidva, rac arRvevda 1992 wlis 21 ivliss miRweul SeTanxmebas (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 99-e, me-100, 150-e da 151-e punqtebi).

392. yovelive zemoxsenebuli adasturebs, rom 1991-92 wlebSi ruseTis

federaciis

xelSewyobiT

Seqmnili

`mdr~,

Tavisi

saxelisuflo

organoebiTa da administraciiT, rCeba ruseTis federaciis efeqturi

kontrolis qveS an, sul mcire, gadamwyveti zegavlenis qveS da nebismier

SemTxvevaSi arsebobs samxedro, ekonomikuri da politikuri mxardaWeriT,

romelsac mas ruseTis federacia uCens.

393. zemoxsenebulis gaTvaliswinebiT sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom arsebobs

ganmcxadebelTa bedTan ruseTis federaciis pasuxismgeblobis gangrZobadi

da mudmivi kavSiri, vinaidan ruseTis federaciis politika da mxardaWera

dnestrispireTis reJimisaTvis da masTan TanamSromloba grZeldeboda 1998

wlis 5 maisis Semdegac da xsenebuli TariRis Semdgom ruseTis federacias

ar ganuxorcielebia aranairi mcdeloba, raTa bolo moeRo ganmcxadebelTa

situaciisTvis, romelic misi warmomadgenlebis qmedebiT iyo gamowveuli,

da, amave dros, araferi gaukeTebia im darRvevebis aRsakveTad, romlebic

savaraudod 1998 wlis 5 maisi Semdeg moxda.

zemoxsenebulis gaTvaliswinebiT Zalze mcire mniSvneloba aqvs, rom 1998

wlis

5

maisis

Semdeg ruseTis

federaciis

warmomadgenlebi

ar

monawileobdnen pirdapir winamdebare ganacxadSi gasaCivrebul qmedebebSi.

394. da bolos, unda iTqvas, rom ganmcxadeblebi xvdebian ruseTis

federaciis `iurisdiqciaSi~ konvenciis pirveli muxlis mniSvnelobidan

gamomdinare da saxezea ruseTis pasuxismgebloba gasaCivrebul qmedebebTan

mimarTebaSi.

III. sasamarTlos iurisdiqcia RATIONE TEMPORIS

395. 2000 wlis 24 oqtombers warmodgenil komentarebSi moldovis mTavroba

amtkicebda, rom ganmcxadeblebis mier gasaCivrebuli darRvevebi atarebda

gangrZobad xasiaTs da, Sesabamisad, sasamarTlos gaaCnda iurisdiqcia maT

ganxilvasTan mimarTebaSi.

396. ruseTis mTavroba amtkicebda, rom ganmcxadeblebis mier gasaCivrebuli

qmedebebi ganxorcielda ruseTis mxarisaTvis 1998 wlis 5 maiss konvenciis

ZalaSi Sesvlamde da, Sesabamisad, xvdeboda sasamarTlos ratione temporis

iurisdiqciis farglebs gareT.

397. ganmcxadebelTa mtkicebiT, gasaCivrebuli qmedebebi Tavisi bunebiT

atarebda gangrZobad xasiaTs da, Sesabamisad, sasamarTlos gaaCnda

iurisdiqcia maT ganxilvasTan mimarTebaSi.

398. rumineTis mTavrobas ar warmoudgenia argumentacia xsenebul

sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT.

399. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom moldovisaTvis konvencia ZalaSi Sevida

1997 wlis 12 seqtembers, xolo ruseTis federaciisaTvis _ 1998 wlis 5

maiss. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom TiToeul xelSemkvrel mxaresTan

mimarTebaSi konvencia gamoiyeneba mxolod im movlenebTan dakavSirebiT,

romlebic am mxarisaTvis konvenciis ZalaSi Sesvlis Semdeg moxda.

a. konvenciis me-6 muxlTan dakavSirebuli pretenzia

400. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom, ganmcxadebelTa mtkicebiT, maT ver

isargebles

samarTliani

sasamarTlos

uflebiT

`mdr-s

uzenaesi

sasamarTlos winaSe~.

Tumca sasamarTlos winaSe gamarTuli xsenebuli samarTalwarmoeba

damTavrda 1993 wlis 9 dekembris ganaCeniT (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 215-e

punqti), anu moldovisa da ruseTis federaciis mier konvenciis

ratificirebamde, xolo sasamarTlo samarTalwarmoeba ar SeiZleba iyos

gangrZobadi situacia.

Sesabamisad, sasamarTlos ar gaaCnia iurisdiqcia ratione temporis, raTa

ganixilos pretenzia me-6 muxlis darRvevasTan dakavSirebiT.

b. konvenciis me-3, me-5 da me-8 muxlis darRvevasTan dakavSirebuli

pretenziebi

401. ganmcxadebelTa mtkicebiT, maTi patimroba ar iyo kanonieri, radgan is

ganaCeni, romlis Tanaxmadac isini daapatimres, xolo sami ganmcxadeblis

SemTxvevaSi es patimroba grZeldeboda, ar iyo gamotanili kompetenturi

sasamarTlos mier. isini amtkicebdnen, rom tiraspolis cixeSi yofnisas

maT ar SeeZloT, Tavisuflad dakavSirebodnen sasamarTlos an hqonodaT

SesaZlebloba,

rom

maTi

ojaxis

wevrebs

moenaxulebinaT

isini.

ganmcxadeblebi aseve asaCivrebdnen maTi patimrobis pirobebs.

402. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom savaraudo darRvevebi exeba im movlenebs,

romlebic daiwyo ganmcxadebelTa dapatimrebiT 1992 wels da kvlavac

grZeldeba.

403. amitom sasamarTlos gaaCnia iurisdiqcia ratione temporis, raTa ganixilos

is pretenziebi, romlebic ukavSirdeba 1997 wlis 12 seqtembris Semdeg

ganviTarebul movlenebs moldovis respublikasTan mimarTebaSi da 1998

wlis 5 maiss ganviTarebul movlenebs ruseTis federaciasTan mimarTebaSi.

g. damatebiTi oqmis pirvel muxlTan dakavSirebuli pretenzia

404. ganmcxadeblebi Ciodnen, rom CamoarTves maTi sakuTreba damatebiTi

oqmis pirveli muxlis moTxovnebis darRveviT, radgan ganaCeni, romlis

Tanaxmadac maT qoneba CamoerTvaT, ar iyo kanonieri. isini TavianT Tavs

gangrZobadi darRvevis msxverplebad Tvlidnen.

405. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom ganmcxadeblebs ar warudgeniaT raime

detalebi konfiskaciis gadawyvetilebis aRsrulebasTan dakavSirebiT, rac

sasamarTlos

saSualebas

miscemda,

gaerkvia,

savaraudo

darRveva

gangrZobadi xasiaTis iyo Tu ara. Tumca qvemoT mocemuli daskvnebis

gaTvaliswinebiT (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 474-e punqti), sasamarTlo ar

Tvlis aucileblad, gansazRvros, gaaCnia mas iurisdiqcia ratione temporis

aRniSnuli pretenziis ganxilvasTan mimarTebaSi Tu ara.

d. b-ni ilaSkus pretenzia konvenciis me-2 muxlis darRvevasTan

dakavSirebiT

406. me-2 muxlze dayrdnobiT, b-ni ilaSku asaCivrebda mis mimarT gamotanil

sasikvdilo ganaCens da amtkicebda, rom sasjeli ar iyo gauqmebuli im

xelisuflebis organoebis mier, romlebmac igi daakisres, da rom sasjeli

SesaZloa

sisruleSi

yofiliyo

moyvanili

dnestrispireTSi

misi

gamgzavrebis SemTxvevaSi.

407. sasamarTlos azriT, 1993 wlis 9 dekembers ganmcxadebels miesaja

sikvdiliT dasja dnestrispireTis im xelisuflebis organoebis Seqmnili

sasamarTlos

mier,

romelic

ar

aris

aRiarebuli

saerTaSoriso

Tanamegobrobis mier. im dros, rodesac moxda konvenciis ratificireba

mopasuxe saxelmwifoebis mier, sasjeli kidev ar iyo gauqmebuli im

xelisuflebis organoebis mier, romlebmac igi Seufardes ganmcxadebels

da, Sesabamisad, es sasjeli kvlav ZalaSia.

408. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlos gaaCnia iurisdiqcia ratione temporis, rom

ganixilos xsenebuli pretenzia.

IV. konvenciis me-2 muxlis savaraudo darRveva

409. b-ni ilaSkus mtkicebiT, sasikvdilo ganaCeni mas Seufarda ukanono

sasamarTlom da amitom, misi mtkicebiT, mas emuqreboda sikvdiliT dasjis

safrTxe. konvenciis me-2 muxlis 1-li punqtis Tanaxmad:

`yoveli adamianis sicocxlis ufleba kanoniT aris daculi. aravis

SeiZleba waerTvas sicocxle ganzrax. sicocxlis warTmeva dasaSvebia

mxolod sikvdilis sasjelis aRsrulebis Sedegad, rac sasamarTlos

ganaCeniT Seefarda mocemul pirs iseTi danaSaulis CadenisaTvis,

romlisTvisac kanoni iTvaliswinebs am sasjels~.

a. sasamarTlos winaSe wardgenili argumentebi

410. ganmcxadeblis mtkicebiT, `mdr-s prezidentis~ mier 2001 wlis 5 maiss

xelmowerili Sewyaleba yalbi iyo da Seqmnili iyo erTaderTi mizniT _

SecdomaSi Seeyvana sasamarTlo maSin, rodesac `mdr~-s xelisuflebis

organoebis mier misTvis sikvdilis Sefardeba kvlav ZalaSi rCeboda.

ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom 2001 wlis 22 ivniss, misi gaTavisuflebis

Semdeg, moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma ganacxades, rom ar gaaCndaT

aranairi dokumenti misi Sewyalebis Taobaze. mxolod 2001 wlis 16

noembers sasamarTlos mier damatebiTi SekiTxvebis sapasuxod warudgina

mTavrobam sasamarTlos Sewyalebis asli. ganmcxadebeli acxadebs, rom 2001

wlis 5 maiss `igi gadaeca~ moldovis xelisuflebis organoebs gadacemis

amsaxveli dokumentis safuZvelze, romelic gadaeca moldovis dazvervis

samsaxuris ufross b-n Sevcovs `mdr-s uSiSroebis ministris~ mier,

dokumenti ki ganmcxadebelma Tavisi TvaliT naxa. garda amisa, b-nma

Sevcovma ganacxada, rom ganmcxadeblis sasjeli kvlav ZalaSi rCeboda da

sisruleSi iqneboda moyvanili b-ni ilaSkus dnestrispireTSi dabrunebis

SemTxvevaSi.

411. ruseTis mTavrobas ar warmoudgenia araviTari komentarebi pretenziis

arsebiT mxaresTan dakavSirebiT.

412. moldovis mTavroba ar uaryofs, rom adgili hqonda ganmcxadeblis

mimarT mis mierve miTiTebuli muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebis

darRvevas.

413.

rumineTis

mTavrobis

mtkicebiT,

radgan

moldovis

uzenaesi

sasamarTlos 1994 wlis 3 Tebervlis ganaCeni, romelic auqmebda sasjels,

ar iqna aqamde sisruleSi moyvanili, kvlav arsebobda riski, rom b-n

ilaSkus sikvdiliT dasjidnen, Tu igi dnestrispireTSi dabrundeboda.

b. sasamarTlos Sefaseba

414. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom moldovam 1997 wlis 1 oqtombers moaxdina

konvenciis me-6 oqmis ratificireba, romelic auqmebs sikvdiliT dasjas

mSvidobianobis periodSi da amave dros 2002 wlis 3 maiss xeli moawera

konvenciis me-13 oqms, romelic exeba sikvdiliT dasjis gauqmebas yvela

garemoebaSi. ruseTis federacias ar mouxdenia arc me-6 oqmis da arc me-13

oqmis ratificireba, man mxolod gamoacxada moratoriumi sikvdiliT

dasjis ganxorcielebasTan dakavSirebiT.

415. `mdr-s uzenaesi sasamarTlos~ mier b-ni ilaSkusTvis 1993 wlis 9

dekembers dakisrebuli sikvdiliT dasja gauqmebuli iqna moldovis

uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier 1994 wlis 3 Tebervals gamotanili ganaCeniT,

magram dRemde xsenebul gadawyvetilebas ar gamouRia aranairi Sedegi (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 222-e punqti).

mxolod 2001 wlis noemberSi moxda, rom moldovis mTavrobam warudgina

sasamarTlos 2001 wlis 5 maisiT daTariRebuli `mdr-s prezidentis~

brZanebuleba, romelic iwyalebda ganmcxadebels (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis

281-e punqti). imave dros moldovis mTavrobam acnoba sasamarTlos im

Worebis Sesaxeb, rom b-nma smirnovma Seucvala b-n ilaSkus sikvdiliT

dasja samudamo patimrobiT. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom b-ni smirnovis mier

gamocemuli Sewyalebis avTenturoba kiTxvis qveS iqna dayenebuli

ganmcxadeblis mier, romelic amtkicebda, rom igi ubralod gadasces

moldovis xelisuflebis organoebs, rom misTvis Sefardebuli sasjeli

kvlavac ZalaSi rCeboda da rom dnestrispireTSi dabrunebis SemTxvevaSi

igi idga sasjelis aRsrulebis safrTxis winaSe.

416.

gaiTvaliswina

ra

mis

winaSe

warmodgenili

mtkicebulebebi,

sasamarTlos ar SeuZlia daadginos b-ni ilaSkus gaTavisuflebasTan

dakavSirebuli zusti garemoebebi da arc is, Secvlili iqna Tu ara

sikvdiliT dasja samudamo patimrobiT (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 282-e

punqti).

vinaidan b-ni ilaSku gaTavisuflebuli iqna da axla ojaxTan erTad

cxovrobs rumineTSi, saxelmwifoSi, romlis moqalaqeobac aqvs, da ukavia

maRali Tanamdeboba senatSi (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis me-20 punqti),

sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom 1993 wlis 9 dekembers mis mimarT gamotanili

sasikvdilo ganaCenis aRsrulebis SesaZlebloba ufro hipoTeturia, vidre

realuri.

417. meores mxriv, sadavo ar gamxdara, rom ori mopasuxe saxelmwifos mier

konvenciis ratificirebis Semdeg b-ni ilaSku ganicdida tanjvas rogorc

misTvis Sefardebuli sasikvdilo ganaCenis, aseve patimrobis im pirobebis

gamo, romlebSic imyofeboda maSin, rodesac elodeboda sikvdiliT dasjis

sisruleSi moyvanas.

418. xsenebulidan gamomdinare sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom b-ni ilaSkus mier

gasaCivrebuli faqtebi ar wamoWris konvenciis me-2 muxlis darRvevis

ganxilvis aucileblobas da xsenebuli pretenziebis ganxilva ufro

marTebuli iqneboda me-3 muxlis safuZvelze.

V. konvenciis me-3 muxlis savaraudo darRveva

419. ganmcxadeblebi pretenziebs gamoTqvamdnen maTi patimrobis pirobebTan

da im mopyrobasTan dakavSirebiT, romelic maT mimarT ganxorcielda

patimrobis periodSi. damatebiT, b-ni ilaSku gaTqvamda pretenzias misi

patimrobis im pirobebTan dakavSirebiT, romlebSic imyofeboda sikvdiliT

dasjis molodinSi. ganmcxadeblebi eyrdnobodnen konvenciis me-3 muxls,

romlis Tanaxmadac:

`aravin SeiZleba daeqvemdebaros wamebas an araadamianur Tu Rirsebis

Semlaxvel mopyrobas an sasjels.~

a. sasamarTlos winaSe wardgenili argumentebi

420. ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom gansakuTrebiT sastikma mopyrobam,

romelsac isini daeqvemdebarnen patimrobis periodSi, daamcira da Rirseba

Seulaxa maT da saSineli Sedegebi gamoiRo maTi fizikuri da sulieri

mdgomareobisTvis. b-ni ilaSkus SemTxvevaSi gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnes

is gaurkvevloba, romelic mas tanjavda imasTan dakavSirebiT moyvanili

iqneboda Tu ara sisruleSi sasikvdilo ganaCeni.

421. ruseTis mTavroba amtkicebda, rom ganmcxadebelTa pretenziebi ar

exeboda ruseTis federacias da absoluturad usafuZvlo iyo.

422. moldovis mTavroba mis mier 2000 wlis 24 oqtombers wardgenil

komentarebSi amtkicebda, rom ganmcxadebelTa pretenziebi maTi patimrobis

pirobebTan dakavSirebiT safuZvliani iyo.

423. mesame mxared CarTvisas rumineTis mTavrobam ganacxada, rom

ganmcxadeblebis mier maTi patimrobis periodSi gadatanili mopyroba

SesaZlebelia Sefasdes `wamebad~ me-3 muxlis mniSvnelobiT, gamomdinare

mopyrobis gamiznuli da umsgavsi xasiaTidan da im faqtidan, rom aman

gamoiwvia ganmcxadebelTa saSineli tanjva.

b. sasamarTlos Sefaseba

1. zogadi principebi

424. sasamarTlo imeorebs, rom konvenciis me-3 muxli icavs demokratiuli

sazogadoebis erT-erT yvelaze fundamentur Rirebulebas. TviT yvelaze

ufro

rTul

garemoebebSic

ki,

rogoric

aris

terorizmisa

da

organizebuli danaSaulis winaaRmdeg brZola, konvencia absoluturi

terminebiT krZalavs wamebas da araadamianur an Rirsebis Semlaxvel

mopyrobas an sasjels. konvenciisa da 1-li da me-4 oqmebis umetesi

debulebebisgan gansxvavebiT, me-3 muxli ar iTvaliswinebs raime debulebas

gamonaklisTan dakavSirebiT da misgan gadaxveva dauSvebelia konvenciis me-

15 muxlis me-2 punqtis safuZvelze TviT iseT SemTxvevebSic ki, rogoricaa

sagangebo mdgomareoba, romelic emuqreba xalxis sicocxles (sxva

magaliTebs Soris ix. Selmouni v. France [GC], #. 25803/94, punqti 95, ECHR 1999-V,

daLabita v. Italy [GC], #. 26772/95, punqti 119, ECHR 2000-IV).

425. sasamarTlom mopyroba `araadamianurad~ CaTvala, radgan, inter alia, igi

winaswar iyo dagegmili, gamoiyeneboda saaTebis ganmavlobaSi da iwvevda

rogorc sxeulis dazianebas, ise intensiur fizikur Tu sulier tanjvas.

sasamarTlom `Rirsebis Semlaxvelad~ CaTvala qmedeba imitom, rom igi

warmoSobda msxverplSi SiSis, daucvelobisa da ususurobis grZnobebs,

romelTac SeeZlo msxverplTa damcireba da daknineba (ix., magaliTad, Kudła

v. Poland [GC], #30210/96, punqti 92, ECHR 2000-XI).

426. imisaTvis, rom dadgindes, warmoadgens Tu ara konkretuli formis

arasaTanado mopyroba wamebas, sasamarTlom unda gaiTvaliswinos me-3

muxlSi arsebuli gansxvaveba am cnebasa da araadamianur da Rirsebis

Semlaxvel mopyrobas Soris. rogorc es sasamarTlom adre daadgina,

ganzraxvas

specialuri

warmoadgenda,

stigma (niSani)

rom

konvencias

mieniWebina

gansxvavebis

ganzrax araadamianuri

meSveobiT

mopyrobisaTvis, romelic iwvevs Zalian seriozul da saSinel tanjvas;

igive gansxvavebaa dadgenili gaero-s wamebis da sxva formis saSineli,

araadamianuri

an

Rirsebis

Semlaxveli

mopyrobisa

da

dasjis

sawinaaRmdego konvenciaSi (ix. zemoxsenebuli Selmouni-s saqme, punqti 97).

`winamdebare konvenciis miznebisaTvis gansazRvreba `wameba~ niSnavs

nebismier moqmedebas, romliTac romelime pirs ganzrax ayeneben Zlier

tkivils an tanjvas, fizikurs da zneobrivs, raTa misgan an mesame

pirisagan miiRon cnobebi an aRiareba, dasajon qmedebisaTvis, romelic man

an mesame pirma Caidina an romlis CadenaSic igi eWvmitanilia, agreTve

daaSinon an aiZulon igi an mesame piri, anda nebismieri mizeziT, romelsac

safuZvlad udevs nebismieri xasiaTis diskriminacia, roca aseT tkivilsa

da tanjvas ayenebs saxelmwifos Tanamdebobis piri an sxva oficialuri

piri, an es xdeba maTi waqezebiT, nebarTviT da mdumare TanxmobiT...~

427. sasamarTlom aseve daadgina, rom termini `sastiki~, iseve, rogorc

`minimaluri sisastike~, romelic saWiroa me-3 muxlis gamoyenebisaTvis,

Tavisi bunebiT fardobiTia (iqve, punqti 100): igi damokidebulia saqmis

yvela garemoebaze, rogoricaa mopyrobis xangrZlivoba, misi fizikuri da

sulieri Sedegebi da zogierT SemTxvevaSi msxverplis sqesi, asaki da

janmrTeloba (ix., sxva magaliTebs Soris, Kalashnikov v. Russia, #. 47095/99,

punqti 95, ECHR 2002-VI, da zemoxsenebuli Labita-s saqme, punqti 120). garda

amisa, imis garkvevisas, mopyroba `Rirsebis Semlaxvelia~ Tu ara me-3

muxlis mniSvnelobiT, sasamarTlo gaiTvaliswinebs mopyrobis mizans:

warmoadgenda Tu ara Sesabamisi piris damcirebas daknineba da Sedegebis

mxedvelobaSi miRebiT aman negatiurad imoqmeda Tu ara mis pirovnebaze

imgvarad, rom Seusabamo iyo me-3 muxlTan. TviT aseTi miznis

ararsebobasac ki ar SeuZlia gamoricxos me-3 muxlis darRveva (ix. Valašinas

v. Lithuania, #44558/98, punqti 101, ECHR 2001-VIII).

428. sasamarTlom mravalgzis aRniSna xazgasmiT, rom arsebuli tanjva da

damcireba nebismier SemTxvevaSi unda aWarbebdes im tanjvisa da

damcirebis elementebs, romlebic Tan axlavs kanonier mopyrobasa da

dasjas. RonisZiebebs, romelTa saSualebiTac pirs ezRudeba Tavisufleba,

mudmivad Tan axlavs aseTi saxis tanjva da damcireba. me-3 muxli moiTxovs

saxelmwifoebisagan, uzrunvelyon, rom TiToeuli patimari imyofebodes

patimrobis iseT pirobebSi, romlebic Sesabamisi iqneba mis adamianur

RirsebasTan, rom aseTi RonisZiebebis ganxorcieleba ar uqvemdebarebdes

adamians stressa da siZneleebs, romlebic aWarbeben im tanjvas, romelic

Tan

axlavs

patimrobas,

da,

gamomdinare

patimrobis

praqtikuli

moTxovnebidan, misi janmrTeloba da keTildReoba adekvaturad iyos

daculi (ix. zemoxsenebuli Kudła-s saqme, punqtebi 92-94).

429. sasamarTlom adre aRniSna, rom gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnes evropis

sabWos wevr saxelmwifoebSi sisxlis samarTlis sferoSi SemuSavebuli

politika da erToblivad dadgenili standartebi am sferoSi, rom

sasikvdilo ganaCens SeuZlia gamoiwvios me-3 muxlis darRveva. rodesac

gamotanilia sasikvdilo ganaCeni, sikvdilmisjili adamianis pirovnuli

garemoebebi,

Cadenili

danaSaulis

simZime

da

sasjelis

masTan

proporciuloba da patimrobis piroebebi sikvdiliT dasjis molodinSi

warmoadgens

sikvdilmisjilis

im

faqtorebis

mimarT ganxorcielebuli

magaliTebs,

romlebsac

mopyroba Tu

SeuZlia

sasjeli

moaxvedros me-3 muxlis akrZalvis sferoSi (ix. Soering v. the United Kingdom,

1989 wlis 7 ivlisis ganaCeni, seriaA #. 161, gv. 41, punqti 104, daPoltoratskiy v.

Ukraine, #. 38812/97, punqti 133, ECHR 2003-V).

430. nebismieri sikvdilmisjili pirisaTvis sikvdilis misjasa da ganaCenis

sisruleSi moyvanamde arsebuli periodis gaxangrZlivebis elementi da

gancdili stresi, romelic gamowveuli iqneba mkacri izolaciiT, ubralod

gardauvalia (ix. zemoxsenebuli Soering-is saqme, gv. 44, punqti 111).

miuxedavad amisa, garkveul garemoebebSi aseTi sasjelis dakisrebam

SesaZlebelia gamoiwvios mopyroba, romelic scildeba me-3 muxliT

dadgenil farglebs, rodesac, magaliTad, didi dro unda gaataros pirma

sikvdilmisjilTa sakanSi saSinel pirobebSi, sul Tanmdevi sikvdiliT

dasjis sisruleSi moyvanis fiqriT (iqve).

431. garda amisa, ususuroba da tanjva, romlebic Tan axlavs aseT sasjels,

SeiZleba mxolod gamwvavdes im samarTalwarmoebis TviTneburi xasiaTiT,

romlis Sedegadac aseTi gadawyvetileba iqna gamotanili, imgvarad, rom

Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom sasworze devs adamianis sicocxle, aseTi

sasjeli gamodis konvenciis darRveva.

432. sxva patimrebTan urTierTobis akrZalva usafrTxoebis, disciplinuri

an uSiSroebis sxva mizezebidan gamomdinare ar warmoadgens, rogorc

aseTi, araadamianur mopyrobas an sasjels. meores mxriv, srul izolacias,

romelsac Tan axlavs sruli socialuri izolacia, SeuZlia gamoiwvios

pirovnebis daknineba da warmoadgens araadamianuri mopyrobis saxes,

romelic ar SeiZleba gamarTlebulad CaiTvalos usafrTxoebisa Tu sxva

mizezebis gamo (ix., sxva magaliTebs Soris, Messina v. Italy (#. 2) (dec.), #.

25498/94, ECHR 1999-V).

433. ufro metic, rodesac xdeba patimrobis pirobebis Sefaseba,

gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnes aseTi pirobebisa da ganmcxadeblis mier

gamoTqmuli konkretuli pretenziebis kumulaciuri (saerTo) Sedegebi (ix.

Dougoz v. Greece, #. 40907/98, punqti 46, ECHR 2001-II).

2. zemoxsenebuli principebis gamoyeneba winamdebare saqmeSi

(a) b-ni ilaSku

434. ganmcxadebels miusajes sikvdiliT dasja 1993 wlis 9 dekembers da igi

patimrobaSi imyofeboda gaTavisuflebamde 2001 wlis

winamdebare ganaCenis 215-e da 234-e punqtebi).

5

maiss (ix.

sasamarTlo imeorebs, rom konvencia ar aris savaldebulo xelSemkvreli

mxareebisaTvis, garda im faqtebTan mimarTebaSi, romlebic ganxorcielda

konvenciis ZalaSi Sesvlis Semdeg, aseT TariRs ki warmoadgens 1997 wlis

12

seqtemberi

moldovisaTvis

da

1998

rom

wlis

SevafasoT

5

maisi

ganmcxadebelze

ruseTis

federaciisaTvis.

Tumca imisaTvis,

patimrobis pirobebis Sedegebi, romlebic met-naklebad erTnairi iyo misi

cixeSi yofnis mTeli periodis ganmavlobaSi, sasamarTlom aseve

mxedvelobaSi unda miiRos mTliani periodi, romelic ganmcxadebelma

gaatara cixeSi, maT Soris is periodic, romelic ganmcxadebelma gaatara

cixeSi

TiToeul

saxelmwifosTan

mimarTebaSi

konvenciis

ZalaSi

Sesvlamde.

435. Zalian didi xnis ganmavlobaSi, romelic ganmcxadebelma gaatara

sikvdilmisjilTa sakanSi, ganmcxadebeli imyofeboda sikvdiliT dasjis

SiSis qveS. uZluri iyo ra gaekeTebina rame, igi mravali wlis

ganmavlobaSi cxovrobda, maT Soris konvenciis ZalaSi Sesvlis Semdegac,

iseT pirobebSi, romlebic sul axsenebdnen mas, rom SeiZleboda

daqvemdebareboda sasikvdilo ganaCenis sisruleSi moyvanas (ix. winamdebare

ganaCenis 196-e-210-e da 240-e-53-e punqtebi).

kerZod, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom moldovis parlamentisaTvis 1999 wlis

martSi werilis gagzavnis Semdeg b-ni ilaSku sastikad iqna nacemi

tiraspolis cixis mesakneebis mier, romlebic emuqrebodnen mas mokvliT

(ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 249-e, 250-e, 269-e da 27-e punqtebi). incidentis

Semdeg mas ar aWmevdnen 2 dRis ganmavlobaSi da sibneleSi amyofebdnen sami

dRis ganmavlobaSi (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 271-e punqti).

rac Seexeba sikvdiliT dasjis imitirebas, romelic ganxorcielda

konvenciis ZalaSi Sesvlamde (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 98-e punqti), eWvi ar

aris,

rom

aseTi

barbarosuli

qmedebebis

mizans

warmoadgenda

ganmcxadeblis ususurobis grZnobis gamwvaveba, romelic ganmcxadebels

gaaCnda mis mimarT sasikvdilo ganaCenis aRsrulebasTan dakavSirebiT.

436. gaurkvevloba da tanjva gamwvavebuli iyo im faqtiT, rom ganaCens ar

gaaCnda araviTari kanonieri safuZveli konvenciis miznebisaTvis. `mdr-s

uzenaesi sasamarTlo~, romelmac gamoutana ganaCeni b-n ilaSkus, Seqmnili

iyo im gaerTianebis mier, romelic ukanonod aris miCneuli saerTaSoriso

samarTliT da ar aris aRiarebuli saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobis mier.

`sasamarTlo~ miekuTvneba im sistemas, romelic Znelad Tu SeiZleba

iTqvas, rom funqcionirebda konstituciur da samarTlebriv sawyisebze,

romlebic asaxavs konvenciasTan Sesabamis marTlmsajulebis tradiciebs.

xsenebuls mowmobs im garemoebaTa SemTxveviTi da TviTneburi xasiaTi,

romlebSic ganmcxadeblebi gansajes da msjavri dasdes, rogorc amas

ganmcxadeblebi aRwerdnen da sadavo ar gauxdiaT sxva mxareebs (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 212-e-216-e punqtebi) da rogorc es aRweres da

gaaanalizes euTo-s organoebma (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 285-e punqti).

437. moldovis uzenaesis sasamarTlos ganaCenma, romelmac gaauqma

ganmcxadebelTa msjavrdeba (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 22-e punqti),

daadastura 1993 wlis 9 dekembris ganaCenis ukanono da TviTneburi

xasiaTi.

438. rac Seexeba ganmcxadeblis patimrobis pirobebs sikvdilmisjilTa

sakanSi, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom b-ni ilaSku patimrobaSi imyofeboda 8

wlis ganmavlobaSi, 1993 wlidan 2001 wels gaTavisuflebamde, Zalze mkacri

izolaciis pirobebSi: mas ar hqonda kavSiri sxva patimrebTan, ver

Rebulobda veranair siaxleebs garedan – radgan ekrZaleboda gaegzavna an

mieRo werilebi – da ar hqonda ufleba, dakavSireboda Tavis advokats an

regularulad Sexvedroda ojaxis wevrebs. misi sakani ar Tbeboda TviT

mkacri zamTris pirobebSic ki da mas ar gaaCnda bunebrivi sinaTlis wyaro

Tu ventilacia. mtkicebulebebi adasturebs, rom b-n ilaSkus aseve

aSimSilebdnen sasjelis saxiT da, nebismier SemTxvevaSi, amanaTebze

dawesebuli SezRudvebidan gamomdinare, TviT is saWmelic ki, romelsac

igi garedan iRebda, uvargisi iyo gamoyenebisaTvis. ganmcxadeblebs Sxapis

miReba SeeZloT Zalian iSviaTad da uxdebodaT ramdenime Tvis

ganmavlobaSi daubaneli yofna. xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT sasamarTlo

miuTiTebs

daskvnebze,

romlebic

mocemulia

wamebis

sawinaaRmdego

komitetis moxsenebaSi dnestrispireTSi ganxorcielebuli vizitis Semdeg

(ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 289-e punqti); moxsenebaSi komiteti sruliad

gaumarTleblad

ganmavlobaSi.

miiCnevda

aseTi

saxis

izolacias

amdeni

wlis

ganmcxadeblis patimrobis pirobebma Zalze uaryofiTi Sedegebi iqonia mis

janmrTelobaze, romelic gauaresda patimrobis im didi xnis ganmavlobaSi,

romelic man cixeSi gaatara. xsenebulidan gamomdinare, igi ver

mkurnalobda jerovnad, ver eqvemdebareboda regularul samedicino

gamokvlevebsa da mkurnalobas (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 253-e, 258-e-260-e,

262-e-263-e da 265-e punqtebi) da ver iRebda Sesabamis sakvebs. garda amisa,

amanaTebze dawesebuli SezRudvebis gamo igi ver iRebda wamlebs da

sakvebs, raTa gaeumjobesebina janmrTeloba.

439. sasamarTlo SeSfoTebiT aRniSnavs iseTi wesebis arsebobas, romlebic

Zalian did uflebamosilebas aniWebda mesakneebsa da xelisuflebis

organoebis warmomadgenlebs korespondenciasa da cixeSi ganxorcielebul

vizitebTan dakavSirebiT da xazs usvams, rom aseTi wesebi TviTneburi da

Seusabamoa uflebamosilebis borotad gamoyenebis sawinaaRmdego Sesaferis

da

efeqtur

garantiebTan,

romlebic

nebismieri

demokratiuli

sazogadoebis cixis sistemaSi unda arsebobdes. ufro metic, winamdebare

saqmeSi aseTi wesebi ufro sastiks xdidnen ganmcxadebelTa patimrobis

pirobebs.

440. sasamarTlo askvnis, rom sasikvdilo ganaCeni, romelic ganmcxadebels

hqonda Sefardebuli, agreTve, pirobebi, romlebSic igi cxovrobda, da

konvenciis

ratificirebis

Semdeg

patimrobis

dros

mis

mimarT

ganxorcielebuli mopyroba, raticirebamde aseT pirobebSi ramdenime wlis

gatarebis Sedegad misi mdgomareobis gaTvaliswinebiT, warmoadgenda

gansakuTrebiT seriozul da sastik mopyrobas da, Sesabamisad, unda

CaiTvalos wamebis qmedebad konvenciis me-3 muxlis mniSvnelobiT.

Sesabamisad, adgili hqonda me-3 muxlis moTxovnaTa dacvis ugulebelyofas.

441. vinaidan b-ni ilaSku patimrobaSi imyofeboda im droisaTvis, rodesac

konvencia ZalaSi Sevida ruseTis federaciisaTvis, anu 1998 wlis 5 maiss,

es

ukanaskneli

pasuxismgebelia,

zemoxsenebul

mizezTa

gamo

(ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 393-e punqti), ganmcxadeblis patimrobis pirobebze,

mis mimarT ganxorcielebul qmedebebze da cixeSi gancdil tanjvaze.

b-ni ilaSku gaTavisuflebuli iqna 2001 wlis maisSi da mxolod am dRis

Semdeg

aris

saxeze

moldovis

pasuxismgebloba

ganuxorcielebel

qmedebebsa da pozitiur valdebulebaTa Seusruleblobaze (ix. winamdebare

ganaCenis 352-e punqti). Sesabamisad, adgili ar hqonia moldovis mier b-ni

ilaSkus mimarT konvenciis me-3 muxlis darRvevas.

442. daskvnis saxiT unda aRiniSnos, rom konvenciis me-3 muxlis darRveva b-

ni ilaSkus mimarT Seeracxeba mxolod ruseTis federacias.

(b) danarCeni sami ganmcxadebeli: patimrobis pirobebi da mopyroba

patimrobis periodSi

(i) b-ni ivantoSi

443.

sasamarTlo

Tavdapirvelad

aRniSnavs,

rom

mis

winaSe

ganxorcielebuli samarTalwarmoebis arc erT etapze mTavrobebs ar

uaruyviaT, rom gasaCivrebuli incidentebi namdvilad moxda.

sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom b-ni ivantoSis mier warmodgenili faqtebis

aRwera sakmarisad zustia da gamyarebulia misi analogiuri mtkicebiT misi

colis winaSe da sxva mowmeebis mier sasamarTlos delegatebisTvis

micemuli CvenebebiT.

mis xelT arsebuli mTeli informaciis safuZvelze sasamarTlo Tvlis,

rom mas SeuZlia dadgenilad miiCnios, rom ganmcxadebelTa patimrobis

periodSi,

maT

Soris

im

periodSic,

romelic

gavida

mopasuxe

saxelmwifosaTvis konvenciis ZalaSi Sesvlis Semdeg, ganmcxadeblebi

daeqvemdebarnen Zalian bevr cemas da arasaTanado mopyrobas, rasac kidev

ufro amwvavebda patimrobis pirobebi. kerZod, sasamarTlo yuradRebas

amaxvilebs gamoZiebasa da arasaTanado mopyrobaze, romelsac b-ni ivantoSi

daeqvemdebara 1999 wlis maisSi, mis mier sasamarTloSi ganacxadis

wardgenis Semdeg (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 251-e-252-e punqtebi) da 2001

wels, 2002 wlis noembersa da 2003 wlis TebervalSi (ix. winamdebare

ganaCenis 254-e, 256-e da 269-e-272-e punqtebi).

444. damatebiT unda iTqvas, rom b-ni ivantoSi 1993 wels msjavrdebis Semdeg

imyofeboda ganmartoebiT patimrobaSi, sxva patimrebTan raime kontaqtis

gareSe, mas ar miewodeboda gazeTebi. mas ara aqvs ufleba, Sexvdes

advokats, gare samyarosTan urTierTobis erTaderT wyaros warmoadgens

misi colisagan gamogzavnili amanaTebi, rac aseve eqvemdebareba cixis

administraciis mier gacemul nebarTvas, Tuki administracia aseTi

nebarTvis gacemas Sesaferisad miiCnevs.

yvela xsenebuli SezRudva, romlebsac ar gaaCnia aranairi samarTlebrivi

safuZveli, dawesebulia mxolod xelisflebis organoebis neba-surviliT

da Seusabamoa cixis reJimTan demokratiul sazogadoebaSi. xsenebulma

SezRudvebma

Zalian

didi

roli

iTamaSa

ganmcxadeblis

stresis

gauaresebasa da sulier tanjvaSi.

445. ganmcxadebeli moTavsebulia sakanSi, romelic ar Tbeba, ar niavdeba,

romelSic bunebrivi sinaTle ar Sedis. mas ar mkurnaloben misi

janmrTelobis mdgomareobis Sesabamisad, Tu ar CavTvliT ramdenime

samedicino Semowmebas, romlebzec nebarTva gasca cixis administraciam.

xsenebul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT sasamarTlo miuTiTebs im daskvnebze,

romlebic warmodgenilia wamebis sawinaaRmdego komisiis moxsenebSi

dnestrispireTSi ganxorcielebuli vizitis Semdeg (ix. winamdebare

ganaCenis 289-e punqti).

446. sasamarTlos azriT, aseTi mopyroba atarebda iseT xasiaTs, rom

gamoewvia tkivili da tanjva, rogorc fizikuri, aseve sulieri, rac

SeiZleboda gamwvavebuliyo mxolod ganmcxadeblis sruli izolaciiT da

miznad isaxavda masSi SiSis, daucvelobisa da ususurobis grZnobebis

warmoSobas, rac amcirebda da akninebda ganmcxadebels da anadgurebda

misi winaaRmdegobis grZnobasa da survils.

sasamarTlos

azriT,

xsenebuli

mopyroba

b-ni

ivantoSis

mimarT

ganxorcielda ganzrax im pirebis mier, romlebic miekuTvnebodnen `mdr~-s

administraciul organoebs, im mizniT, rom daesajaT ganmcxadebeli

savaraudod Cadenili qmedebebisaTvis.

447. xsenebulis arsebobis gamo sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom mTlianobaSi da

faqtebis seriozulobidan, mopyrobis ganmeorebadi xasiaTidan da miznidan

gamomdinare, b-ni ivantoSisadmi ganxorcielebulma mopyrobam gamoiwvia

`sastiki~ tkivili da tanjva da atarebda gansakuTrebiT seriozul da

sastik xasiaTs. yvela xsenebuli qmedeba unda CaiTvalos wamebad

konvenciis me-3 muxlis mniSvnelobiT.

448. vinaidan b-ni ivantoSi patimrobaSi imyofeboda im dros, rodesac

ruseTis federaciisaTvis konvencia ZalaSi Sevida, es ukanaskneli

pasuxismgebelia, zemoxsenebuli mizezebis gamo (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis

393-e punqti), misi patimrobis pirobebze, ganxorcielebul mopyrobasa da

cixeSi gancdil tanjvaze.

gaTvaliswinebulia ra is daskvnebi, romlebamdec sasamarTlo mivida

gasaCivrebul qmedebebze moldovis pasuxismgeblobasTn dakavSirebiT mis

mier

2001

wlis

maisis

Semdeg

pozitiuri

valdebulebebis

ganuxorcieleblobis gamo (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 352-e punqti), moldova

pasuxismgebelia b-ni ivantoSis mimarT me-3 muxlis darRvevis gamo

xsenebuli TariRidan moyolebuli.

449. da bolos, b-n ivantoSTan dakavSirebiT adgili hqonda konvenciis me-3

muxlis darRvevas ruseTis federaciis mier 1998 wlis 5 maiss konvenciis

ratificirebis Semdeg da moldovis mier 2001 wlis maisis Semdeg.

(ii) b-ni leSko da b-ni petrov-popa

450. sasamarTlo Tavdapirvelad aRniSnavs, rom mis winaSe gamarTuli

samarTalwarmoebis arc erT etapze mopasuxe mTavrobebs ar uaruyviaT, rom

gasaCivrebuli incidentebi namdvilad moxda.

sasamarTlo

ganmcxadeblebisa da maTi meuRleebis mier faqtebis aRwera sakmarisad

naTelia da gamyarebulia sasamarTlos xelT arsebuli sxva

mtkicebulebebiT.

aRniSnavs,

rom

mosmenili

mowmeebis,

maT

Soris

451. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom mas dadgenilad SeuZlia miiCnios,

rom patimrobis periodSi, maT Soris im periodSic, romelic grZeldeboda

orive mopasuxe saxelmwifosaTvis konvenciis ZalaSi Sesvlis Semdeg, b-ni

leSko da b-ni petrov-popa imyofebodnen patimrobis gansakuTrebiT sastik

piroebebSi:

-

ojaxis wevrebis vizitebi da ojaxebidan gamogzavnili amanaTebi

eqvemdebareboda TviTnebur nebarTvas cixis administraciis mxridan;

- zogjer maT ar aWmevdnen an aZlevdnen saWmels, romelic uvargisi iyo

sakvebad, drois umetes periodSi maT uars eubnebodnen Sesaferis

samedicino daxmarebaze, miuxadavad maTi janmrTelobis mdgomareobisa,

romelic ufro da ufro uaresdeboda patimrobis pirobebis gamo; da

- maT ar aZlevdnen eqimis mier daniSnul, dieturad Sesabamis sakvebs (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 265-e punqti).

sasamarTlo aseve xazs usvams im faqts, rom xsenebuli pirobebi gauaresda

2001 wlis Semdeg (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 254-e punqti).

garda amisa, b-ni petrov-popa moTavsebuli iqna ganmartoebiT patimrobaSi

1993 wlidan, mas ar hqonda kontaqti sxva patimrebTan da ar miewodeboda

gazeTebi sakuTar enaze (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 240-e, 254-e da 255-e

punqtebi).

verc b-ni petrov-popa da verc b-ni leSko ver xvdebodnen advokats 2003

wlis ivnisamde (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 257-e punqti).

452. sasamarTlos azriT, aseTi mopyroba iwvevs tkivilsa da tanjvas,

rogorc fizikurs, aseve suliers. mTlianobaSi aRebuli da mopyrobis

seriozuli xasiaTidan gamomdinare, b-ni leSkosa da b-ni petrov-popas

mimarT ganxorcielebuli mopyroba SesaZlebelia kvalificirebuli iqnes

araadamianur da damamcirebel mopyrobad konvenciis me-3 muxlis

mniSvnelobiT.

453. b-ni leSko da b-ni petrov-popa patimrobaSi imyofebodnen im dros,

rodesac konvencia ZalaSi Sevida ruseTis federaciisaTvis, amitom es

ukanaskneli, zemoxsenebuli mizezebis gamo (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 393-e

punqti), pasuxismgebelia ganmcxadebelTa patimrobis piroebebze, maT mimarT

ganxorcielebul mopyrobasa da maT mier cixeSi gancdil tanjvaze.

gaTvaliswinebulia ra is daskvnebi, romlebamdec sasamarTlo mivida

gasaCivrebul qmedebebze moldovis pasuxismgeblobasTn dakavSirebiT mis

mier

2001

wlis

maisis

Semdeg

pozitiuri

valdebulebebis

ganuxorcieleblobis gamo (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 352-e punqti), moldova

pasuxismgebelia b-ni leSkosa da b-ni petrov-popas mimarT me-3 muxlis

darRvevaze 2001 wlis maisidan moyolebuli.

454. da bolos, b-n leSkosTan da b-n petrov-popasTan mimarTebaSi adgili

hqonda konvenciis me-3 muxlis darRvevas ruseTis federaciis mier 1998

wlis 5 maiss konvenciis ratificirebis Semdeg da moldovis mier 2001

wlis maisis Semdeg.

VI. konvenciis me-5 muxlis savaraudo darRveva

455. ganmcxadebelTa mtkicebiT, maTi patimroba ukanono iyo da sasamarTlo,

romelmac maT msjavri dasdo, ar iyo kompetenturi sasamarTlo.

ganmcxadeblebi eyrdnobian konvenciis me-5 muxlis 1-l punqts, romlis

Sesabamisi nawilis Tanaxmad:L

1. yvelas aqvs Tavisuflebisa da piradi xelSeuxeblobis ufleba. aravis

SeiZleba aRekveTos Tavisufleba, garda Semdegi SemTxvevebisa da kanoniT

gansazRvruli proceduris Tanaxmad. es SemTxvevebia:

a) uflebamosili sasamarTlos mier msjavrdebuli piris kanonieri

dapatimreba;

... ~

456.

ruseTis

mTavrobis

mtkicebiT,

ganmcxadebelTa

pretenziebi

absoluturad ar exeboda ruseTis federacias da nebismier SemTxvevaSi

dausabuTebeli iyo.

457. 2000 wlis 24 oqtombers warmodgenil komentarebSi moldovis mTavroba

xazgasmiT aRniSnavda, rom ganmcxadeblebi dakavebulni iqnen brZanebis

gareSe da

2

Tvis ganmavlobaSi datyvevebulni iyvnen me-14 armiis

StabbinaSi. 2001 wlis 6 ivniss gamarTul mosmenaze mTavroba amtkicebda,

rom surda Seecvala winaT miRebuli pozicia, magram ar gamouxatavs

mosazreba savarudo darRvevebTan dakavSirebiT.

458. mesame mxared CarTvisas rumineTis mTavrobam ganacxada, rom

ganmcxadebelTa patimrobas ar gaaCnda aranairi samarTlebrivi safuZveli,

radgan maT msjavri dasdo kanonis darRveviT Seqmnilma sasamarTlom.

miuxedavad

separatistuli

xelisuflebis

organoebis

mier

ganxorcielebuli garkveuli qmedebebisa, rogoricaa iseTi qmedebebi,

romlebic ukavSirdeba dabadebis, sikvdilisa da qorwinebis registracias,

isini aRiarebuli unda iqnes ise, rom ar auaresebdes mosaxleobis

situacias (ix. saerTaSoriso sasamarTlos sakonsultacio daskvna, 1971

wlis

21

ivnisi,

saxelmwifoebisaTvis

samarTlebriv

SedegebTan

dakavSirebiT, miuxedavad uSiSroebis sabWos 276-e rezuliciisa samxreT

afrikis namibiaSi gangrZobad yofnasTan mimarTebaSi), xsenebuli ar unda

gavrceldes im xelisufebis yvela qmedebaze, romelic aRiarebuli ar aris

saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobis mier, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi xsenebuli

xelisuflebis organoebi legitimurad CaiTvleba.

winamdebare saqmeSi ganmcxadebelTa msjavrdeba iyo marTlmsajulebis

uxeSi

uaryofis

Sedegi,

radgan

ganmcxadeblebs

ar

usargebliaT

samarTliani ganxilvis uflebiT `mdr-s uzenaesi sasamarTlos winaSe~.

459. sasamarTlos ar gaaCnia iurisdiqcia ratione temporis, raTa ganixilos is

sakiTxi, arRvevda Tu ara konvenciis me-6 muxls sisxlis samarTalwarmoeba,

romlis Sedegadac ganmcxadeblebi msjavrdebulni iqnen `mdr~-s uzenaesi

sasamarTlos mier. ramdenadac ganmcxadeblebis patimroba gagrZelda im

TariRis Semdeg, rodesac mopasuxe saxelmwifoebma moaxdines konvenciis

ratificireba, sasamarTlos mainc gaaCnia iurisdiqcia, rom gansazRvros, am

TariRis Semdeg TiToeuli ganmcxadebeli dapatimrebuli iyo Tu ara

`kanonierad~

`kanoniT

dadgenili

procedurebis

Sesabamisad~

da

`kompetenturi sasamarTlos mier msjavrdebis Sedegad~ konvenciis me-5

muxlis 1-li (a) punqtis mniSvnelobiT.

460. rogorc es dadgenili iqna sasamarTlos precedentuli samarTliT,

sityva `tribunali~, romelic gamoyenebulia konvenciis frangulenovani

versiis me-5 muxlsa da sxva muxlebSi, kerZod, me-6 muxlSi (tribunali),

miuTiTebs,

Sesabamisad~

damoukideblobis

pirvel

da

rigSi,

akmayofilebs

moTxovnas, kerZod

organoze

garkveul

ki

`romelic

pirobebs,

aRmasrulebel

Seqmnilia

kanonis

Soris

mxaresTan

maT

mimarTebaSi, akmayofilebs miukerZoeblobis moTxovnas, misi wevrebis

samsaxurebrivi uflebamosilebis vada dadgenilia da organo

uzrunvelyofs marTlmsajulebriv xasiaTs (ix. De Wilde, Ooms and Versyp v.

Belgium, 1971 wlis 18 ivnisis ganaCeni, seriaA #12, gv. 41, punqti 78).

garkveul garemoebebSi sasamarTlo, romelic ekuTvnis saerTaSoriso

samarTliT

araRiarebuli

gaerTianebis

marTlmsajulebis

sistemas,

SesaZloa CaiTvalos `kanoniT Seqmnil~ tribunalad, Tuki es ukanaskneli

warmoadgens marTlmsajulebis sistemis nawils, romelic moqmedebs

`konstituciur da kanonier safuZvelze~ da asaxavs marTlmsajulebriv

tradiciebs, romlebic Sesabamisia konvenciasTan, raTa SesaZlebloba

misces

individualur

pirebs,

isargeblon

konvenciiT

miniWebuli

garantiebiT (ix., mutatis mutandis, Cyprus v. Turkey, punqtebi 231 da236-37).

461. kanonierebis moTxovnisaTvis, romelic Camoyalibebulia me-5 muxlis

1(a) punqtSi (`kanonis Sesabamisad dadgenili proceduris Tanaxmad~

nabrZanebi `kanonieri dapatimreba~) sakmarisi ar aris mxolod Sesabamis

erovnul kanonmdeblobasTan Sesabamisoba, erovnuli kanonmdebloba, Tavis

mxriv, unda Seesabamebodes konvencias, maT Soris masSi gamoxatul an

nagulisxmev zogad principebs, kerZod ki kanonis uzenaesobis princips,

romelic naTlad aris asaxuli konvenciis preambulaSi. cneba, romelic

safuZvlad udevs gamoTqmas `kanoniT dadgenil proceduras~, aris

samarTlianobisa da Sesabamisi proceduris arsebobis principi, romlis

Tanaxmadac nebismieri RonisZieba, romliTac pirs Tavisufleba ezRudeba,

unda gamomdinareobdes da aRsruldes Sesabamisi xelisuflebis organos

mier da ar unda iyos TviTneburi (ix. sxva magaliTebs Soris Winterwerp v. the

Netherlands, 1979 wlis 24 oqtombris ganaCeni, seria A #33, gv. 19-20, punqti 45).

garda amisa, radgan me-5 muxlis ZiriTad mizans warmoadgens individebis

dacva TviTnebobisagan (ix. sxva magaliTebs Soris Stafford v. the United Kingdom

[GC], #. 46295/99, punqti 63, ECHR 2002-IV), `msjavrdeba~ ar SeiZleba

ganxorcieldes marTlmsajulebis uxeSi darRveviT (ix., mutatis mutandis, Drozd

and Janousek v. France and Spain, 1992 wlis 26 ivnisis ganaCeni, seria A #. 240, gv.

34-35, punqti 110).

sasamarTlo aseve miuTiTebs Tavis daskvnaze konvenciis me-3 muxlTan

mimarTebaSi, romelic exeba `mdr-s uzenaesi sasamarTlos~ winaSe gamarTul

samarTalwarmoebas.

462. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo adgens, rom arc erTi ganmcxadebeli ar

yofila msjavrdebuli `sasamarTos~ mier da rom patimrobis sasjelis

gamotana iseTi organos mier, rogoric aris `mdr-s uzenaesi sasamarTlo~

da romelmac winamdebare SemTxvevaSi samarTalwarmoebis bolos gamoitana

ganaCeni, ar SeiZleba CaiTvalos `kanonier patimrobad~, romelic

`Sefardebuli iqna kanoniT dadgenili proceduris Sesabamisad~.

463.

xsenebulidan

gamomdinare,

Tavisuflebis

aRkveTa,

romelsac

ganmcxadeblebi daeqvemdebarnen im periodis ganmavlobaSi, romlis

ganxilvac Sedis sasamarTlos iurisdiqciaSi ratione temporis mopasuxe

mxareebTan mimarTebaSi (saxeldobr, b-n ilaSkusTan mimarTebaSi 1997 wlis

12 seqtembridan 2001 wlis 5 maisamde moldovis mxriv da 1998 wlis 5

maisidan 2001 wlis 5 maisamde ruseTis mxriv, xolo rac Seexeba danarCen

ganmcxadeblebs, mopasuxe saxelmwifoebis mier ratificirebis dRidan

dRevandel dRemde), ar SeiZleba akmayofilebdes konvenciis me-5 muxlis 1(a)

punqtiT gaTvaliswinebul moTxovnebs.

xsenebulidan gamomdinareobs, rom adgili hqonda konvenciis me-5 muxlis 1-

li punqtis darRvevas 2001 wlis maisamde b-n ilaSkusTan mimarTebaSi da

adgili aqvs imave debulebis gangrZobad darRvevas danarCen sam

ganmcxadebelTan mimarTebaSi, romlebic kvlav patimrobaSi imyofebian.

464. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT im faqts, rom ruseTis mxarisTvis konvenciis

ZalaSi SesvlisaTvis ganmcxadeblebi patimrobaSi imyofebodnen, Tu

mxedvelobaSi miviRebT aseve sasamarTlos zemoxsenebul daskvnas (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 393-e punqti), sasamarTlo adgens, rom qmedeba,

romelic warmoadgens me-5 muxlis darRvevas, Seeracxeba ruseTis

federacias yvela ganmcxadebelTan mimarTebaSi.

Tu mxedvelobaSi miviRebT sasamarTlos zemoxsenebul daskvnebs (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 352-e punqti), rom SesaZlebelia saxeze iyos

moldovis

respublikis

pasuxismgeblobis

dayeneba

pozitiuri

valdebulebebis Seusruleblobis gamo 2001 wlis maisidan, sasamarTlo

adgens, rom adgili ar hqonia konvenciis me-5 muxlis darRvevas moldovis

mxridan b-n ilaSkusTan mimarTebaSi. meores mxriv, adgili hqonda imave

debulebis darRvevas moldovis mxridan danarCen sam ganmcxadebelTan

mimarTebaSi.

VII. konvenciis me-8 muxlis savaraudo darRveva

465. ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom maT ar SeeZloT ewarmoebinaT

mimowera TavianT ojaxebTan da evropis sasamarTlosTan, kerZod, isini

amtkicebdnen, rom ar SeeZloT Tavisuflad miemarTaT sasamarTlosaTvis

da imisaTvis, rom es gaekeTebinaT, maT uxdebodaT TavianTi colebis

daxmarebiT sargebloba. isini aseve amtkicebdnen, rom ekrZalebodaT

ojaxis wevrebis naxva `mdr-s prezidentisagan~ winaswari Tanxmobis

miuReblad. ganmcxadeblebi eyrdnobodnen konvenciis me-8 muxls, romlis

Tanaxmadac:

`yvelas aqvs ufleba, pativi scen mis ojaxur cxovrebas, da... mimoweras.

dauSvebelia am uflebis ganxorcielebaSi sajaro xelisuflebis Careva,

garda iseTi SemTxvevisa, rodesac aseTi Careva xorcieldeba kanonis

Sesabamisad

uSiSroebis,

da aucilebelia demokratiul sazogadoebaSi erovnuli

sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoebis an qveynis ekonomikuri

keTildReobis interesebisaTvis, uwesrigobis an danaSaulis Tavidan

asacileblad, janmrTelobis an zneobisa Tu sxvaTa uflebebisa da

Tavisuflebebis dasacavad~.

466. ruseTis mTavroba Tavis komentarebSi Semoifargla imis mtkicebiT,

rom ganmcxadeblebis pretenziebi ar exeboda ruseTis federacias da

nebismier SemTxvevaSi usafuZvlo iyo.

467. 2000 wlis 24 oqtombris komentarebSi moldovis mTavroba acxadebda,

rom ganmcxadeblebs ar hqondaT SesaZlebloba, esargeblaT advokatis

momsaxurebiT, rom saerTaSoriso organizaciebis warmomadgenlebs uars

eubnebodnen maT naxvaze da rom maT ar SeeZloT Tavisufali mimowera

cixidan. 2001 wlis 6 ivniss gamarTul mosmenaze mTavrobam ganacxada, rom

surda Seecvala adre dafiqsirebuli pozicia, magram ar gamouTqvams

mosazreba savaraudo darRvevebTan dakavSirebiT.

468. rumineTis mTavrobis mtkicebiT, ganmcxadeblebis ojaxisa da mimoweris

pativiscemis uflebaSi Careva ar iyo ganxorcielebuli kanonis Sesabamisad

me-8 muxlis me-2 punqtis mniSvnelobiT, pirvel rigSi imitom, rom `mdr~-Si

moqmedi sabWoTa kanonmdebloba ar iyo ZalaSi myofi kanonmdebloba

moldovis teritoriaze da, meore, imitom rom `mdr-s prezidentis

winaswari Tanxmoba~ ar SeiZleba gaTanabrebuli iqnes kanonTan, radgan ar

Seicavs garantiebs TviTnebobis winaaRmdeg.

469. sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom xsenebuli saCivari Semoifargleba im faqtiT,

rom ganmcxadeblebisaTvis SeuZlebeli iyo cixidan Tavisuflad mieweraT

TavianTi ojaxebisaTvis da sasamarTlosaTvis da isini siZneleebs

ganicdidnen ojaxebis monaxulebaSi. rac Seexeba saCivars sasamarTlosTan

dakavSirebis SesaZleblobis uqonlobasTan dakavSirebiT, xsenebuli

bunebrivad ufro konvenciis 34-e muxlis sferoSi xvdeba, romelsac

sasamarTlo calke ganixilavs.

470. Tumca xsenebuli pretenziebis mxedvelobaSi miRebiT me-3 muxlis

konteqstSi (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 438-e, 439-e, 444-e da 451-e punqtebi),

sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom aucilebeli aRar aris maTi ganxilva calke me-8

muxlis safuZvelze.

VIII. 1-li damatebiTi oqmis 1-li muxlis savaraudo darRveva

471. ganmcxadeblebi Ciodnen, 1-li damatebiTi oqmis 1-l muxlze

dayrdnobiT, maTi qonebis konfiskaciasTan dakavSirebiT, romelic

ganxorcielda konvenciis me-6 muxlis moTxovnaTa darRveviT Catarebuli

sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze.

472. ruseTis mTavrobis mtkicebiT, ganmcxadebelTa pretenziebi ar exeboda

ruseTis federacias da nebismier SemTxvevaSi usafuZvlo iyo.

473. moldovisa da rumineTis mTavrobebs ar gamouTqvamT mosazreba.

474. Tundac CavTvaloT, rom sasamarTlos gaaCnia iurisdiqcia ratione

temporis, rom imsjelos saCivarTan dakavSirebiT, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom

faqtobrivi safuZveli ar aris sakmarisi.

vinaidan saCivari ver iqna dasabuTebuli, sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom adgili

ar hqonia 1-li damatebiTi oqmis 1-li muxlis darRvevas.

IX. konvenciis 34-e muxlis savaraudo darRveva

475.

ganmcxadeblebi

asaCivrebdnen

Carevas,

romelic

ganxorcielda

sasamarTlosaTvis maTi mimarTvis uflebaSi. ganmcxadeblebi eyrdnobodnen

konvenciis 34-e muxls, romlis Tanaxmadac:

`sasamarTlos SeuZlia miiRos ganacxadebi nebismieri fizikuri piris,

arasamTavrobo organizaciis an calkeul pirTa jgufisagan, romlebic

amtkiceben, rom isini arian erT-erTi maRali xelSemkvreli mxaris mier

konvenciiT an misi oqmebiT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebis darRvevis

msxverplni. maRali xelSemkvreli mxareebi kisruloben valdebulebas,

arafriT SeuSalon xeli am uflebis efeqtian ganxorcielebas.~

476. ganmcxadeblebi pirvel rigSi amtkicebdnen, rom maT ar gaaCndaT

ufleba, cixidan miemarTaT sasamarTlosaTvis, ase rom xsenebulis

ganxorcieleba maTi saxeliT uwevdaT maT meuRleebs. isini aseve

amtkicebdnen, rom sdevnidnen cixeSi imis gamo, rom gabedes miemarTaT

sasamarTlosaTvis.

garda amisa, isini amtkicebdnen, rom moldovis prezidentis b-ni voroninis

gancxadeba,

rom

b-ni

ilaSkus

uari

ganacxadis

ukan

gamotanaze

warmoadgenda ganmcxadebelTa patimrobaSi gangrZobadi yofnis mizezs (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 285-e punqti), unda CaTvliliyo individualuri

saCivriT mimarTvis uflebaSi Carevad.

bolos, ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom ruseTis sagareo saqmeTa

saministros nota (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 278-e punqti) warmoadgenda

individualuri saCivriT mimarTvis uflebaSi Carevas.

477. moldovis mTavrobam daadastura b-ni voroninis komentarebi, magram

amtkicebda, rom xsenebuli gamoiwvia b-nma ilaSkum, rodesac b-n

voroninTan Sexvedrisas aRniSna, rom mzad iyo, gamoetana moldovis

winaaRmdeg Setanili ganacxadis nawili, Tuki moldovis xelisuflebis

organoebi

TavianTi

qmedebebiT

daadasturebdnen

TavianT

survils

ganmcxadeblebis gaTavisuflebasTan dakavSirebiT. moldovis mTavroba

amtkicebda, rom xsenebul garemoebebSi b-ni voroninis winaaRmdeg

ganxorcielebuli braldeba mimarTuli iyo moldovis prestiJisTvis

Cirqis mocxebisaken da ara ganmcxadebelTa sasamarTlosadmi mimarTvis

uflebaSi Carevis gasaCivrebasaken.

478. ruseTis mTavroba acxadebda, rom ganmcxadeblebma zemoxsenebuli nota

moipoves motyuebiT da amitom sasamarTlo ar unda dayrdnoboda mas.

479. rumineTis mTavrobis mtkicebiT, b-ni ilaSkus daSinebis faqti,

romelic moiazrebda mis dasjas winamdebare ganacxadis sasamarTloSi

Setanis gamo, warmoadgenda 34-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli individualuri

ganacxadis Setanis uflebaSi Carevas.

480. sasamarTlo imeorebs, rom konvenciis 34-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli

individualuri saCivris sistemis efeqtianad moqmedebisaTvis Zalze

mniSvnelovania, rom ganmcxadeblebsa da potenciur ganmcxadeblebs

SeeZloT

Tavisuflad

daukavSirdnen

sasamarTlos

xelisuflebis

organoebisagan raime zewolis gareSe, romelic igulisxmebda saCivrebis

gamotanas an maT Secvlas (ix. Akdivar and Others v. Turkey, 1996 wlis 16

seqtembris ganaCeni, moxsenebebi 1996-IV, gv. 1219, punqti 105, da Aksoy v. Turkey,

1996 wlis 18 dekembris ganaCeni, moxsenebebi 1996-VI, gv. 2288, punqti 105).

termini `raime saxis zewola~ gagebuli unda iqnes ise, rom moicavdes ara

mxolod pirdapir zewolasa da uxeS qmedebebs, aramed aseve ukanono irib

qmedebebsa

ganmcxadebelTa gadarwmuneba an maTTvis survilis warTmeva konvenciiT

gaTvaliswinebuli samarTlebrivi dacvis saSualebis gamoyenebasTan

da

urTierTobebs,

romelTa

mizansac

warmoadgens

dakavSirebiT (ix. Kurt v. Turkey, 1998 wlis 25 maisis ganaCeni, moxsenebebi 1998-

III, gv. 1192-93, punqti 160).

ufro metic, dauSvebelia Tu ara xelisuflebis organoebsa da

ganmcxadebels Soris arsebuli urTierToba konvenciis 34-e muxlis

TvalsazrisiT, gansazRvruli unda iqnes saqmis konkretuli garemoebebis

WrilSi.

xsenebulTan

dakavSirebiT

sasamarTlom

unda

Seafasos

ganmcxadeblis ususuroba da riski, rom masze zegavlenas moaxdenen

xelisuflebis organoebi (ix. ori zemoxsenebuli saqme Akdivar and Others, gv.

1219, punqti 105, daKurt, gv. 1192-93, punqti 160).

481. winamdebare saqmeSi ganmcxadeblebi amtkicebdnen, rom ar SeeZloT

miemarTaT sasamarTlosaTvis patimrobis adgilidan da rom maTi ganacxadi

faqtobrivad Setanili iyo mxolod erTi advokatis b-ni tanases mier,

romelic warmoadgenda maT samarTalwarmoebis dasawyisSi da ganacxadebi

xelmowerili iyo maTi colebis mier.

sasamarTlom aseve gaiTvaliswina is muqara, romelic ganxorcielda

ganmcxadeblebis

winaaRmdeg

dnestrispireTis

cixis

xelisuflebis

organoebis mier da ganmcxadebelTa patimrobis pirobebis gauareseba mas

Semdeg, rac Setanili iqna ganacxadi. sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom aseTi

qmedebebi warmoadgens araswori da dauSvebeli zewolis formas, romelmac

xeli SeuSala ganmcxadeblebs individualuri saCivris uflebis

ganxorcielebaSi.

damatebiT sasamarTlo SeSfoTebiT aRniSnavs 2001 wlis 19 aprilis

diplomatiuri notis Sinaarss, romelic ruseTis federaciam gaugzavna

moldovis xelisuflebis organoebs (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 278-e punqti).

notidan Cans, rom ruseTis xelisuflebis organoebma mosTxoves moldovis

respublikas,

ukan

gaetana

is

komentarebi,

romlebic

moldovam

sasamarTlos warudgina 2000 wlis 24 oqtombers. xsenebuli komentarebidan

ruseTi iTxovda komentarebis im nawilis ukan gaTxovas, romelic exeboda

ruseTis federaciis pasuxismgeblobas savaraudo darRvevebisaTvis imis

gamo, rom ruseTis jarebi ganTavsebuli iyo moldovis teritoriaze,

dnestrispireTSi.

mogvianebiT, 2001 wlis 6 ivniss gamarTul mosmenaze, moldovis mTavrobam

marTlac ganacxada, rom surda, ukan gaetana 2000 wlis 24 oqtombers mis

mier wardgenili komentarebis is nawili, romelic exeboda ruseTis

federacias (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 360-e punqti).

sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom aseTi qmedeba ruseTis federaciis mxridan

warmoadgens konvenciis preambulaSi moxseniebuli saerTo memkvidreobis,

politikuri

tradiciebis,

idealebis,

Tavisuflebisa

da

kanonis

uzenaesobis fexqveS gaTelvas da SeuZlia seriozulad SeuSalos xeli

sasamarTlos winaSe individualuri saCivris uflebis ganxorcielebis

safuZvelze wardgenili ganacxadis ganxilvas da amiT SezRudos

konvenciis 34-e muxliT garantiebuli ufleba.

Sesabamisad, adgili hqonda konvenciis 34-e muxlis darRvevas ruseTis

federaciis mxridan.

482. sasamarTlo aseve aRniSnavs, rom b-ni ilaSkus gaTavisuflebis Semdeg

es ukanaskneli esaubra moldovis xelisuflebis organoebs sxva

ganmcxadeblebis gaTavisuflebasTan dakavSirebiT da am konteqstSi b-nma

voroninma sajarod dasdo brali b-n ilaSkus, rom swored is iyo misi

megobrebis gangrZobadi patimrobis mizezi, imis gamo, rom uars ambobda

moldovisa da ruseTis federaciis winaaRmdeg Setanili ganacxadis

gamotanaze.

sasamarTlos azriT, xelSemkvreli saxelmwifos xelisuflebis umaRlesi

Tanamdebobis

piris

aseTi

gancxadebebi,

romelTa

Tanaxmadac

ganmcxadeblebis situaciis gaumjobeseba damokidebulia am saxelmwifos an

sxva saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg Setanili ganacxadis gamotanaze, warmoadgens

pirdapir

zewolas,

romlis

mizansac

warmoadgens

individualuri

ganacxadis uflebis ganxorcielebisaTvis xelis SeSla. xsenebuli iqneba

daskvna yvela SemTxvevaSi, miuxedavad imisa, hqondaT Tu ara xelisuflebis

organoebs realuri Tu Teoriuli SesaZlebloba, zegavlena moexdinaT

ganmcxadebelTa situaciaze.

Sesabamisad, b-ni voroninis gancxadeba warmoadgens moldovis respublikis

mier ganmcxadeblis im uflebaSi Carevas, romelic gulisxmobs

individualuri saCivriT mimarTvis uflebas, da ewinaaRmdegeba konvenciis

34-e muxls.

X. konvenciis 41-e muxlis gamoyeneba

483. konvenciis 41-e muxlis Tanaxmad:

`Tu sasamarTlo daadgens, rom dairRva konvencia da misi oqmebi, xolo

Sesabamisi maRali xelSemkvreli mxaris Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi samarTali

darRvevis mxolod nawilobrivi gamosworebis SesaZleblobas iZleva,

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTlo dazaralebul mxares samarTlian

dakmayofilebas miakuTvnebs~.

A. ziani

484. TavianTi pretenziebi samarTlian dakmayofilebasTan dakavSirebiT

ganmcxadeblebma 2001 wlis noemberSi warmoadgines.

sasamarTlos mier 2004 wlis 12 noembers miRebul werilSi b-nma tanasem

waradgina axali pretenziebi misi klientis, b-ni leSkos, saxeliT, raTa

moexdina pretenziebis ganaxleba da mxedvelobaSi miRebuliyo 2001 wlis

Semdgomi periodi.

b-nma gribenceamac igive gaakeTa sxva ganmcxadeblebis saxeliT im werilis

saSualebiT, romelic sasamarTlom miiRo 2004 wlis 24 Tebervals.

485. ganmcxadeblebi Ciodnen, rom maTma msjavrdebam da patimrobam

gamoiwvia maT mier samsaxurebis dakargva. analogiurad, im devnis fonze,

romelic xorcieldeboda maT meuRleebTan mimarTebaSi, q-ni ilaSku da q-ni

ivantoSi iZulebulebi iyvnen, daetovebinaT samsaxurebi tiraspolSi da

gadasuliyvnen kiSiniovSi. garda amisa, b-ni leSkos ojaxs mouxda

tiraspolSi

saxlis

datoveba

da

sxva

sacxovreblis

moZebna.

ganmcxadeblebi moiTxovdnen yvela im xarjis dafarvas, romlis gaRebac

mouxdaT maT colebsa da ojaxebs, raTa moenaxulebinaT ganmcxadeblebi

cixeSi da gaegzavnaT maTTvis amanaTebi. bolos, fizikuri mdgomareobis

gauaresebis gamo, ganmcxadeblebs Zalian didi samedicino xarjebis gaweva

mouxdaT.

kerZod, ganmcxadeblebi iTxovdnen Semdeg Tanxmebs:

b-ni ilaSku iTxovda 1861 evros gacdenili xelfasis gamo, rac gamoiwvia

misma patimrobam 1992 wlis ivnisidan 1994 wlis Tebervlamde, rodesac igi

arCeuli iqna moldovis parlamentSi. igi acxadebda, rom misTvis, rogorc

parlamentarisaTvis, kuTvnili Tanxebi exdeboda mis ojaxs moldovis

mTavrobis mier. b-ni ivantoSi moiTxovda 9560 evros misi Semosavlis

dakargvis gamo misi dakavebis dRidan. b-ni petrov-popa iTxovda 21510 evros

Semosavlis dakargvis gamo misi dakavebis dRidan. b-ni leSko iTxovda 30000

evros, Tanxas, rac Rirda tiraspolSi misi kuTvnili bina, romelic man

dakarga misi msjavrdebis Semdeg da dnestrispireTidan misi ojaxis

gamgzavrebis Sedegad.

b-ni ilaSku, b-ni ivantoSi da b-ni petrov-popa amtkicebdnen, rom radgan

mxolod ruseTis federacia akontrolebda dnestrispireTis teritorias,

mxolod ruseTis federacia iyo pasuxismgebeli gancdili materialuri

zianis anazRaurebaze.

darRvevebis seriozuli xasiaTis, saqmis garemoebebis, saqmisadmi mopasuxe

mTavrobebis midgomis, sakuTari janmrTelobis mdgomareobisa da gancdili

travmebis gaTvaliswinebiT ganmcxadeblebi pretenzias acxadebdnen Semdeg

Tanxebze moraluri zianisaTvis: b-ni ilaSku 7 395 000 evroze, b-ni ivantoSi

7 842 000 evroze, b-ni petrov-popa 7 441 000 evroze da b-ni leSko 7 800 000

evroze.

moraluri zianis asanazRaurebel TanxebTan dakavSirebiT b-ni ilaSku, b-ni

ivantoSi da b-ni petro-popa acxadebdnen, rom dakmayofildebodnen, Tuki

moldovis mTavroba gadauxdida TiToeul maTgans 1000 evros, xolo

darCenil Tanxebs gadauxdida ruseTis mTavroba.

jamSi materialuri da moraluri zianisaTvis ganmcxadeblebi iTxovdnen

Semdeg Tanxebs: b-ni ilaSku 7 396 861 evros; b-ni ivantoSi 7 851 560 evros; b-

ni petrov-popa 7 462 510 evros da b-ni leSko 7 830 000 evros.

486. moldovis mTavroba acxadebda, rom ar gamoTqvamda pretenzias b-ni

ilaSkus, b-ni ivantoSisa da b-ni petrov-popas pretenziebTan dakavSirebiT

da xsenebulidan gamomdinareobda, rom mTavroba gadauxdida TiToeul

ganmcxadebels 1000 evros. meores mxriv, mTavrobam b-ni leSkos mier

moTxovnili Tanxebi gadametebulad da usafuZvlod miiCnia.

ruseTis mTavrobam ganacxada, rom ar SeiZleboda pasuxismgeblad

yofiliyo miCneuli savaraudo darRvevebTan mimarTebaSi. ufro metic,

mTavroba acxadebda, rom ganmcxadeblebis mier gasaCivrebuli faqtebi ar

xvdeboda sasamarTlos ratione temporis iurisdiqciaSi.

nebismier SemTxvevaSi ruseTis mTavroba Tanxebs gadametebulad da

usafuZvlod Tvlida.

487. sasamarTlo imeorebs, rom konvenciis 46-e muxlis Sesabamisad

sasamarTlo ganaCenebis aRsrulebis konteqstSi, ganaCeni, romelSic

sasamarTlo

daadgens

darRvevas,

akisrebs

mopasuxe

saxelmwifos

samarTlebriv valdebulebas, imave debulebis Tanaxmad bolo mouRos

darRvevas da moaxdinos gamowveuli Sedegebis reparacia imgvarad, rom

maqsimalurad aRadginos darRvevamde arsebuli situacia. Tuki, erTis

mxriv, erovnuli kanonmdebloba ar iZleva – an mxolod nawilobriv iZleva

– reparaciis SesaZleblobas darRveviT gamowveul SedegebTan mimarTebaSi,

konvenciis 41-e muxli uflebamosilebas aniWebs sasamarTlos, miakuTvnos

dazaralebul mxares iseTi dakmayofileba, rogoric Sesabamisad miaCnia.

xsenebulidan gamomdinareobs, inter alia, rom ganaCeni, romelSic sasamarTlo

daadgens konvenciis an oqmebis darRvevas, akisrebs mopasuxe saxelmwifos

samarTlebriv valdebulebas, ara mxolod gadauxados Sesabamis pirebs

mikuTvnebuli Tanxebi, aramed aseve airCios, ministrTa komitetis

zedamxedvelobiT, zogadi da/an, Tuki es Sesaferisia, individualuri

xasiaTis RonisZieba, romelsac ganaxorcielebs erovnul sistemaSi, raTa

bolo moeRos sasamarTlos mier dadgenil darRvevas da ganaxorcielos

SesaZlebeli reparacia darRveviT gamowveuli SedegebisaTvis imgvarad,

rom maqsimalurad aRadginos darRvevamde arsebuli situacia (Assanidze v.

Georgia [GC], #. 71503/01, punqti 198, ECHR 2004-II; Maestri v. Italy [GC], #. 39748/98,

punqti 47, ECHR 2004-I; Menteş and Others v. Turkey (muxli 50), 1998 wlis 24

ivlisis ganaCeni, moxsenebebi 1998-IV, gv. 1695, punqti 24; daScozzari and Giunta v.

Italy [GC], ##. 39221/98 da41963/98, punqti 249, ECHR 2000-VIII).

488. sasamarTlo imeorebs, rom man daadgina konvenciis ramdenime

debulebis darRveva ruseTis federaciisa da moldovis mier, am

ukanasknels darRveva Seeracxeba 2001 wlis maisidan.

sasamarTlom daadgina, rom b-ni ilaSku da b-ni ivantoSi daeqvemdebarnen

mopyrobas, romelic kvalificirebuli iqna wamebad konvenciis me-3 muxlis

mniSvnelobiT,

rom

danarCeni

ori

ganmcxadebeli

daeqvemdebara

araadamianur da Rirsebis Semlaxvel mopyrobas me-3 muxlis moTxovnaTa

sawinaaRmdegod, rom yvela ganmcxadebeli patimrobaSi imyofeboda

TviTneburad konvenciis me-5 muxlis moTxovnaTa darRveviT da b-ni

ivantoSi, b-ni leSko da b-ni petrov-popa kvlavac patimrobaSi imyofebian

me-5 muxlis moTxovnaTa darRveviT.

sasamarTlom aseve daadgina, rom adgili hqonda konvenciis 34-e muxlis

darRvevas ruseTis federaciisa da moldovis mxridan.

489.

sasamarTlo

ar

Tvlis,

rom

moTxovna

materialur

zianTan

dakavSirebiT dasabuTebulia, magram amave dros miaCnia, rom aragonivruli

ar aris imis gaTvaliswineba, rom ganmcxadeblebma ganicades Semosavlis

wyaros dakargva da es aSkarad gamowveuli iyo darRvevebiT. sasamarTlos

aseve miaCnia, rom dadgenili darRvevebis Sedegad ganmcxadeblebma

ueWvelad ganicades moraluri ziani, romlis aRmofxvrac SeuZlebelia

mxolod darRvevis dadgenis faqtiT.

Sesabamisad, mxedvelobaSi iqna ra miRebuli konvenciis seriozuli

darRvevebi, romelTa msxverplnic ganmcxadeblebi Seiqnen, da adgens ra

Tanafardobis safuZvelze, rogorc es moTxovnilia konvenciis 41-e

muxliT, sasamarTlo aniWebs ganmcxadeblebs Semdeg Tanxebs, plius is

Tanxebi, romelTa gadaxdac ganmcxadeblebs SeiZleba mouwioT gadasaxadis

saxiT:

(a) TiToeul ganmcxadebels 180 000 evro materialuri da aramaterialuri

zianisaTvis, romelic warmoiSva konvenciis me-3 da me-5 muxlebis

darRvevidan;

(b) TiToeul ganmcxadebels 10 000 evro moraluri zianisaTvis, romelic

warmoiSva ruseTis federaciisa da moldovis mier 34-e muxlis darRvevis

gamo.

490. sasamarTlo aseve Tvlis, rom sami ganmcxadeblis ukanono da

TviTneburi patimrobis gagrZeleba aucileblad gamoiwvevs sasamarTlos

mier dadgenili me-5 muxlis darRvevis seriozul gaxangrZlivebas da

mopasuxe saxelmwifoebis im valdebulebis darRvevas, romelic akisriaT

konvenciis 46-e muxlis 1-li punqtiT da gulisxmobs sasamarTlos ganaCenis

aRsrulebis valdebulebas.

b. xarjebi da gaweuli danaxarjebi

491. advokatebisaTvis gadasaxdeli TanxebisaTvis b-ni ilaSku iTxovda 8000

evros, xolo b-ni ivantoSi da b-ni petrov-popa 8500 evros TiToeuli. isini

aseve iTxovdnen 2500 evros sxvadasxva gaweuli xarjebisaTvis.

b-ni leSkos meuRlesa da advokats Soris dadebul xelSekrulebaze

dayrdnobiT b-ni leSko iTxovda damatebiT 200 evros misi advokatis

yovelTviuri muSaobisaTvis, rac mTlianobaSi Seadgenda 11800 evros.

xsenebuli Tanxa warmoadgens misi advokatis gasamrjelos 1999 wlis

ivnisidan,

anu

ganacxadis

Setanidan

(gavida

51

Tve)

gaweuli

momsaxurebisaTvis, momsaxurebis mTavar elementebs ki warmoadgenda

ganacxadis Sedgena, dokumentebis moZieba, sasamarTlos mier moTxovnili

komentarebis

misiisaTvis,

Sedgena,

sasamarTlos

momzadeba

sasamarTlos

winaSe

faqtebis

gamarTuli

damdgeni

mosmenis

delegatebis

Canawerebis Seswavla, dakavSirebasTan mimarTebaSi ganxorcielebuli

xarjebi (faqsi, satelefono saubrebi, Cveulebrivi da saswrafo fosta),

TargmanTan dakavSirebuli xarjebi da ganmcxadeblebTan ganxorcielebul

vizitebTan dakavSirebiT gaweuli danaxarjebi.

492.

moldovis

mTavroba

ewinaaRmdegeboda

xarjebisa

da

gaweuli

danaxarjebisaTvis moTxovnili Tanxebis gadaxdas im motiviT, rom isini

usafuZvlo da dausabuTebeli iyo.

493. sasamarTlo imeorebs, rom imisaTvis, rom xarjebi da gaweuli

danaxarjebi Setanili iqnes 41-e muxlis Sesabamisad mikuTvnebul TanxebSi,

dadgenili unda iqnes, rom isini namdvilad gadaxdili iqna, aucileblobiT

iyo gamowveuli da gulisxmobda im qmedebis aRkveTas an im qmedebisaTvis

anazRaurebis miRebas, romelic dadgenili iqna, rom arRvevda konvencias.

moTxovnili Tanxebi gonivruli unda iyos moculobiT (ix., magaliTad,

zemoxsenebuli Kalashnikov-is saqme, punqti 146).

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom winamdebare saqmisaTvis saWiro gaxda ramdenime

wyeba komentarebis wardgena sasamarTlos winaSe, ganxorcielda mosmenebi

SejibrebiTobis

safuZvelze

da

mowmeTa

adgilze

dakiTxvasTan

dakavSirebuli mosmena, romelic grZeldeboda 7 dRe.

sasamarTlos

winaSe

warmodgenili

mtkicebulebebi

aCvenebs,

rom

ganmcxadebelTa warmomadgenlebma, b-nma dinum, b-nma tanasem da b-nma

gribinceam namdvilad gaiRes xarjebi da danaxarjebi im qmedebebTan

dakavSirebiT, romlebic warmoadgenda darRvevas.

daadgina ra Tanafardobis safuZvelze da mxedvelobaSi miiRo ra samuSaos

moculoba, romlis Sesrulebac aucilebeli iyo ganmcxadebelTa mxridan

didi

odenobis

dokumentaciisa

da

komentarebis

wardgenisaTvis,

964 evros

sasamarTlo akuTvnebs ganmcxadeblebs 21 000 evros,

3

gamoklebiT, romelic maT gadaexadaT samarTlebrivi daxmarebisaTvis

evropis sabWos mier. xsenebuli warmoadgens 4 363 evros b-ni dinus

gasamrjelosa da samdivno xarjebisaTvis, 3 960 evros b-ni gribinceasaTvis

xarjebisa da gaweuli danaxarjebisaTvis da 8 713 evros b-ni tanases

xarjebisa da gaweuli danaxarjebisaTvis.

g. sauravi

494. sasamarTlo Sesaferisad Tvlis, rom unda dawesdes sauravi

centraluri evropuli bankis sesxisaTvis gankuTvnili minimaluri

procentis saxiT, romelsac unda daematos samprocentiani cifri.

yovelive zemoxsenebulidan gamomdinare

1. sasamarTlo 11 xmiT 6 xmis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom ganmcxadeblebi

xvdebian moldovis respublikis iurisdiqciaSi konvenciis 1-li muxlis

mniSvnelobiT mTavrobaze dakisrebuli pozitiuri valdebulebebis kuTxiT;

2. 16 xmiT 1 xmis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom ganmcxadeblebi xvdebian ruseTis

federaciis iurisdiqciaSi konvenciis 1-li muxlis mniSvnelobiT;

3. erTxmad adgens, rom sasamarTlos ar gaaCnia iurisdiqcia ratione temporis,

rom ganixilos konvenciis me-6 muxlTan dakavSirebuli saCivari;

4. 16 xmiT 1 xmis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom sasamarTlos gaaCnia iurisdiqcia

ratione temporis, rom ganixilos konvenciis me-2, me-3, me-5 da me-8 muxlebTan

dakavSirebuli saCivrebi im moculobiT, ra moculobiTac saCivrebi exeba

1997 wlis 12 seqtembris Semdeg ganviTarebul movlenebs moldovis

respublikis SemTxvevaSi da 1998 wlis 5 maisis Semdeg ganviTarebul

movlenebs ruseTis federaciis SemTxvevaSi;

5. 15 xmiT 2 xmis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom sasamarTlos ar moeTxoveba imis

gansazRvra, gaaCnia Tu ara mas iurisdiqcia ratione temporis, rom ganixilos

saCivari 1-li oqmis 1-l muxlTan dakavSirebiT.

6. erTxmad adgens, rom saWiro ar aris konvenciis me-2 muxlis

darRvevasTan dakavSirebuli saCivris ganxilva, romelsac safuZvlad edo

`mdr-s uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier~ sasikvdilo ganaCenis gamotanis faqti;

7. 11 xmiT 6 xmis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom adgili ar hqonda moldovis

mxridan konvenciis me-3 muxlis darRvevas, romelsac safuZvlad edo b-ni

ilaSkus mier gancdili arasaTando mopyroba da patimrobis is pirobebi,

romlebSic igi imyofeboda sikvdiliT dasjis molodinSi;

8. 16 xmiT 1 xmis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom adgili hqonda konvenciis me-3

muxlis darRvevas ruseTis federaciis mxridan im arasaTnado mopyrobis

gamo, romelic ganxorcielda b-ni ilaSkus mimarT, da im pirobebis gamo,

romlebSic igi imyofeboda patimrobisas sikvdiliT dasjis molodinSi, da

rom xsenebuli kvalificirebuli unda iqnes wamebad me-3 muxlis

debulebebis mniSvnelobiT;

9. 11 xmiT 6 xmis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom adgili hqonda konvenciis me-3

muxlis darRvevas moldovis mxridan 2001 wlis maisis Semdeg im

arasaTanado mopyrobis gamo, romelic ganxorcielda b-ni ivantoSis

mimarT, da im pirobebis gamo, romlebSic igi imyofeboda patimrobisas, da

rom xsenebuli kvalificirebuli unda iqnes wamebad me-3 muxlis

debulebebis mniSvnelobiT;

10. 16 xmiT 1 xmis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom adgili hqonda konvenciis me-3

muxlis darRvevas ruseTis federaciis mxridan im arasaTnado mopyrobis

gamo, romelic ganxorcielda b-ni ivantoSis mimarT, da im pirobebis gamo,

romlebSic

kvalificirebuli

mniSvnelobiT;

igi

imyofeboda

unda iqnes

patimrobisas,

wamebad me-3

da

muxlis

rom

xsenebuli

debulebebis

11. 11 xmiT 6 xmis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom adgili hqonda konvenciis me-3

muxlis darRvevas moldovis mxridan 2001 wlis maisis Semdeg im

arasaTanado mopyrobis gamo, romelic ganxorcielda b-ni leSkosa da b-ni

petrov-popas mimarT, da im pirobebis gamo, romlebSic isini imyofebodnen

patimrobisas, da rom xsenebuli kvalificirebuli unda iqnes araadamianur

da Rirsebis Semlaxvel mopyrobad me-3 muxlis debulebebis mniSvnelobiT;

12. 16 xmiT 1 xmis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom adgili hqonda konvenciis me-3

muxlis darRvevas ruseTis federaciis mxridan im arasaTanado mopyrobis

gamo, romelic ganxorcielda b-ni leSkosa da b-ni petrov-popas mimarT, da

im pirobebis gamo, romlebSic isini imyofebodnen patimrobisas, da rom

xsenebuli kvalificirebuli unda iqnes araadamianur da Rirsebis

Semlaxvel mopyrobad me-3 muxlis debulebebis mniSvnelobiT;

13. 11 xmiT 6 xmis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom adgili hqonda konvenciis me-5

muxlis darRvevas moldovis mxridan b-ni ilaSkus patimrobis gamo;

14. 11 xmiT 6 xmis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom 2001 wlis Semdeg adgili hqonda

da amJamadac grZeldeba konvenciis me-5 muxlis darRveva moldovis mxridan

b-ni ivantoSis, b-ni leSkosa da b-ni petrov-popas patimrobis gamo;

15. 16 xmiT 1 xmis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom adgili hqonda konvenciis me-5

muxlis darRvevas ruseTis federaciis mxridan 2001 wlis maisamde b-ni

ilaSkus patimrobis gamo da adgili hqonda da amJamadac grZeldeba imave

debulebis darRveva b-ni ivantoSis, b-ni leSkosa da b-ni petrov-popas

mimarT.

16. erTxmad adgens, rom saWiro ar aris, calke iqnes ganxiluli

ganmcxadebelTa saCivari konvenciis me-8 muxlTan dakavSirebiT;

17. 15 xmiT 2 xmis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom adgili ar hqonia 1-li damatebiTi

oqmis 1-li muxlis darRvevas;

18. 16 xmiT xmiT 1 xmis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom moldovam ver SeZlo

ganexorcielebina konvenciis 34-e muxliT masze dakisrebuli valdebuleba;

19. 16 xmiT 1 xmis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom ruseTis federaciam ver SeZlo

ganexorcielebina konvenciis 34-e muxliT masze dakisrebuli valdebuleba;

20. 10 xmiT 7 xmis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom moldovam 3 Tvis ganmavlobaSi

ganmcxadeblebs unda gadauxados Semdegi Tanxebi plius gadasaxadebi,

romelTa gadaxdac maT SesaZloa daekisroT:

(a) b-n ivantoSs, b-n leSkosa da b-n petrov-popas 60 000 evro (samoci aTasi

evro) TiToeuls, maT mier gancdili materialuri da moraluri

zianisaTvis;

(b) TiToeul ganmcxadebels 3 000 evro (sami aTasi evro) moraluri

zianisaTvis, romelic maT ganicades 34-e muxlis darRvevis safuZvelze;

(g) ganmcxadeblebs sruli Tanxa 7 000 evros odenobiT (Svidi aTasi evro) 1

321,34 (aTas samas ocdaerTi evro da ocdaToTxmeti centi), gamoklebiT,

romlebic maT miiRes samarTlebrivi daxmarebis saxiT, xarjebisa da

gaweuli danaxarjebisaTvis 1 454,33 (aTas oTxas ormocdaTerTmeti evro da

ocdacameti centi) b-ni dinusaTvis, 1 320 (aTas samas oci evro) b-ni

gribinceasaTvis da

2

904,33 evro (oriaTas cxraas oTxi evro da

ocdacameti centi) b-ni tanasesaTvis;

21. 16 xmiT 1 xmis winaaRmdeg adgens, rom ruseTis federaciam sami Tvis

ganmavlobaSi ganmcxadeblebs unda gadauxados Semdegi Tanxebi plius

gadasaxadebi, romelTa gadaxdac maT SesaZloa daekisroT:

(a) b-n ilaSkus 180 000 (as oTxmoci aTasi evro) materialuri da moraluri

zianisaTvis;

(b) TiToeul sxva ganmcxadebels 120 000 evro (as oci aTasi evro)

materialuri da moraluri zianisaTvis;

(g) TiToeul ganmcxadebels 7 aTasi evro (Svidi aTasi evro) 34-e muxlis

darRvevasTan dakavSirebiT gancdili moraluri zianisaTvis;

(d) ganmcxadeblebs sruli Tanxa 14 000 evros (ToTxmeti aTasi evro)

odenobiT,

2

642,66 evros (ori aTas eqvsas ormocdaori evro da

samocdaeqsvi centi) gamoklebiT, romelic gadaxdili iqna samarTlebrivi

daxmarebis saxiT xarjebTan da gaweul danaxarjebTan dakavSirebiT, 2

908,67 evro (ori aTas cxraas rva evro da samocdaSvidi centi) b-n dinus, 2

640 evro (ori aTas eqvsas ormoci evro) b-n gribinceas da 5 808,67 evro

(xuTi aTas rvaas rva evro da samocdaSvidi centi) b-ni tanasesaTvis;

22. erTxmad adgens, rom mopasuxe saxelmwifoebma unda ganaxorcielon

yvela aucilebeli RonisZieba, raTa bolo mouRon ganmcxadebelTa,

romlebic kvlav patimrobaSi imyofebian, TviTnebur patimrobas da

uzrunvelyon maTi dauyovnebliv gaTavisufleba.

23. erTxmad adgens, rom me-20 da 21-e punqtebSi miTiTebuli Tanxebi

gadayvanili unda iqnes TiToeuli ganmcxadeblis sacxovrebeli qveynis

erovnul

valutaSi

gadaxdis

dRisaTvis

arsebuli

kursiT

da

zemoxsenebuli 3 Tviani vadis gasvlis Semdeg gadaxdis dRemde sauravi

unda iqnes gadaxdili maTTvis im moculobiT, rac utoldeba evropuli

bankis sesxisaTvis gankuTvnil minimalur procents, romelsac unda

daematos samprocentiani cifri;

24. erTxmad uaryofs danarCen pretenziebs samarTlian dakmayofilebasTan

dakavSirebiT.

Sesrulebulia inglisur da frangul enebze da gacxadebulia sajaro

mosmenaze adamianis uflebaTa SenobaSi, 2004 wlis 8 ivliss.

lucius vildhaberi

Tavmjdomare

pol mahoni

registratori

konvenciis 45-e muxlis me-2 punqtisa da sasamarTlos reglamentis 74-e

muxlis me-2 punqtis Tanaxmad, ganaCens Tan erTvis Semdegi gancalkevebuli

mosazrebebi:

(a) b-ni kasadevalis nawilobriv gansxvavebuli mosazreba, romelsac

SeuerTdnen b-ni resi, b-ni birsani, q-ni tulkensi da q-ni fura-sandstromi;

(b) b-ni resis nawilobriv gansxvavebuli mosazreba

(g) ser nikolas bratcas nawilobriv gansxvavebuli mosazreba, romelsac

SeuerTdnen b-ni rozakisi, b-ni hedigani, q-ni tomaseni da b-ni pantiru;

(d) b-ni lukadesis nawilobriv gansxvavebuli mosazreba;

(e) b-ni kovleris gansxvavebuli mosazreba.

l.v.

p.j.m

nawilobriv gansxvavebuli mosazreba

b-ni kasadevalis nawilobriv gansxvavebuli mosazreba, romelsac

SeuerTdnen b-ni resi, b-ni birsani, q-ni tulkensi da q-ni fura-

sandstromi

(Targmani)

1. me ar veTanxmebi didi palatis umravlesobis im gadawyvetilebas, rom

moldovis pasuxismgebloba konvenciiT dakisrebuli valdebulebebis

SeusruleblobisaTvis saxezea mxolod 2001 wlidan moyolebuli.

xsenebul mosazrebas mivyavarT iseT daskvnamde, romelic, Cemi azriT,

paradoqsuli da arasworia da gulisxmobs, rom moldovam konvenciis me-3

da me-5 muxlebi daarRvia imis gamo, Tu ra saxis arasaTanado mopyrobas

daeqvemdebarnen da patimrobis rogor pirobebSi imyofebodnen b-ni

ivantoSi, b-ni leSko da b-ni petrov-popa (mxolod 2001 wlis maisis Semdeg),

magram moldovas pasuxismgebloba ar dakisrebia im faqtebTan dakavSirebiT

da miT ufro sasikvdilo ganaCenTan mimarTebaSi, romelic Seufarda `mdr-s

uzenaesma sasamarTlom~ b-n ilaSkus.

radgan ganmcxadeblebi xvdebian moldovis iurisdiqciaSi (ix. winamdebare

ganaCenis 355-e punqti) da saxezea moldovis pasuxismgebloba mis mier

konvenciis ratificirebis dRidan dRemde ganxorcielebul movlenebTan da

ganmcxadeblebTan mimarTebaSi, ar arsebobs gamarTleba im mosazrebisa,

rom pozitiuri valdebulebebi ar arsebobda 1997 wlis 12 seqtembridan 2001

wlis maisamde, rogorc es daadgina mosamarTleTa umravlesobam. qvemoT me

vayalibeb mizezebs, Tu ratom ar veTanxmebi umravlesobis azrs.

2. 1992 wlis 21 ivlisis cecxlis Sewyvetis SeTanxmeba iyo dasasruli

mcdelobebis pirveladi etapisa, romelic moldovam ganaxorciela Tavis

teritoriaze kontrolis srulad aRdgenasTan dakavSirebiT. xsenebuli

dRis Semdeg moldovam ganaxorciela dumiliT gamoxatuli midgoma da misi

mcdelobebi

warmoadgenda

ganmcxadeblebis

gadavida

dnestrispireTze

uflebebis dacvasTan

molaparakebis

kontrolis

dakavSirebuli

fazaSi,

romlis

aRdgena

mizansac

da

ara

mcdeloba,

ganmcxadeblebisa, romlebic ukanonod gansajes da romlebic patimrobaSi

imyofebodnen 10 wlis ganmavlobaSi b-ni ilaSkus SemTxvevaSi da 12 wlis

ganmavlobaSi danarCeni sami ganmcxadeblis SemTxvevaSi.

3. rogorc es sasamarTlom aRniSna, faqtobrivi situaciis sirTulidan

gamomdinare, is sakiTxi, ganaxorciela Tu ara moldovam masze

dakisrebuli pozitiuri valdebulebebi, Zalian mWidrodaa dakavSirebuli

moldovasa da ruseTis federacias Soris arsebul urTierTobebze da

dnestrispireTsa da ruseTis federacias Soris arsebul urTierTobebze.

garda amisa, mxedvelobaSi unda iqnes miRebuli is zegavlena, romlis

moxdenac SeeZlo moldovas ruseTis federaciis xelisuflebis organoebis

meSveobiT ganmcxadebelTa mdgomareobis gaumjobesebis mxriv. da bolos,

aseve mniSvnelovania im faqtebis gaTvaliswineba, romlebic ganxorcielda

konvenciis ratificirebamde, da maTi gamoyeneba SedarebiTi miznebisaTvis,

rodesac viwyebT 1997 wils 12 seqtembris Semdeg moldovis mier

ganxorcielebuli mcdelobebis Sefasebas (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 337-e-

338-e punqtebi). Sesabamisad, aucilebelia situaciis sruli Sefaseba, im

kuTxiT, ra kuTxiTac igi ganviTarda droSi, aseve saWiroa

ganxorcielebuli moqmedebebisa da umoqmedobebis Sefaseba.

4. simarTles warmoadgens is faqti, rom SuRlis Camovardnidan moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebs arasodes SeuwyvetiaT pretenziebis gamoTqma im

agresiasTan dakavSirebiT, romelsac Tvlidnen, rom daeqvemdebarnen.

moldovis xelisufleba gmobda separatistebis mier damoukideblobis

gamocxadebas.

1992

ivlisSi

SuRlis

Cacxromis

Semdeg

moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebi ganagrZobdnen RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebas

kontrolis xelaxla damyarebasTan dakavSirebiT, sisxlis samarTlis

saqmis aRZvris meSveobiT. mogvianebiT, 1994 wlis Semdeg, mTavroba

ganagrZobda Tavisi suverenitetis mtkicebas teritoriaze, romelsac

akontrolebda `mdr~, rogor qveynis SeigniT, aseve saerTaSoriso asparezze

(ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 341-e-343-e punqtebi).

5. Tumca 1997 wlidan moyolebuli, ucilobeli daskvna unda iqnes

gamotanili,

rom

adgili

hqonda

moldovis

xelisuflebis

mier

mcdelobebis ganxorcielebis Semcirebas dnestrispireTze kontrolis

aRdgenasTan mimarTebaSi da rom xsenebuli mcdelobebi SezRuduli iyo

diplomatiuri qmedebebiT. ufro metic, mas Semdeg, rac miRebuli iqna

evropis sabWos wevrad, moldovam dRemde, raoden paradoqsuladac unda

JRerdes, ar isargebla im SesaZleblobebis potencialiT, romlebic

arsebobs am politikur gaerTianebaSi.

meores mxriv, TanamSromlobis aSkara an de facto RonisZiebebi iqna

ganxorcielebuli moldovis xelisuflebis organoebsa da dnestrispirel

separatistebs Soris: miRweuli iqna administraciuli, ekonomikuri da

politikuri SeTanxmebebi, urTierTobebi damyarda moldovis parlamentsa

da `mdr~-s parlaments Soris, ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi TanamSromloba

ganxorcielda policiis organoebs Soris da penitenciur da uSiSroebis

sferoebSi. ganviTarda aseve TanamSromloba iseT sferoebSi, rogoric aris

piradobis mowmobebis gacema, sahaero marSrutebis kontroli, satelefono

kavSirebi da sporti (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 114-e, 174-e-175-e, 177-e-179-e da

185-e punqtebi).

6. rac Seexeba ganmcxadebelTa situacias, 1997 wels konvenciis

ratificirebamde moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma ganaxorcieles

garkveuli RonisZiebebi, rogoric aris 1994 wlis 3 Tebervlis uzenaesi

sasamarTlos ganaCeni, romelic auqmebda ganmcxadebelTa msjavrdebas da

maTi patimrobis brZanebas; 1993 wlis 28 dekembers `mdr-s uzenaesi

sasamarTlos~

`mosamarTleebis~

winaaRmdeg

da

dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis sxva warmomadgenlebis mimarT aRZruli saqme xelisuflebis

funqciebis uzurpirebasTan dakavSirebiT; modlovis prezidentis mier 1995

wlis 4 agvistos gamocemuli Sewyaleba; 1995 wlis 3 oqtombris moldovis

parlamentis moTxovna; dnestrispireTSi patimrobaSi myof patimrebTan

eqimebis gagzavna da ojaxebisaTvis daxmarebis aRmoCena (ix. winamdebare

ganaCenis 222-e-223-e, 226-e-227-e punqtebi da 239-e punqti).

7. magram 1997 wlis Semdeg ganmcxadebelTa uflebebis dacvis mxriv kidev

erTxel ganxorcielebuli RonisZiebebi Semoifargla eqimebis gagzavniT

(bolo viziti ganxorcielda 1999 wels), ojaxebisaTvis daxmarebis micemiT

da b-ni sturcas CareviT da ganmcxadeblebis gaTavisuflebis mcdelobiT

(bolo aseTi mcdeloba ganxorcielda 2001 wlis aprilSi). moldovis

mTavrobam daadastura, rom konfliqtis gadaWrasTan dakavSirebuli

molaparakebebis dros separatistebis mier gakeTebuli moTxovnebis

sapasuxod moldovis xelisuflebam Secvala molaparakebaTa strategia da

ufro didi prioriteti mianiWa diplomatiur molaparakebebs moldovis

samarTlebriv sferoSi dnestrispireTis dabrunebasTan dakavSirebiT. amave

dros,

RonisZiebebi

marTlmsajulebis

sferoSi,

romlebic

adre

xorcieldeboda, miviwyebuli iqna (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 344-e punqtis

bolo nawili). gasagebia, rom garkveuli RonisZiebebi TanamSromlobis

sferoSi ganxorcielebuli iqna keTili miznebisaTvis, rac gulisxmobda

dnestrispirelTa yoveldRiuri cxovrebis pirobebis gaumjobesebas da

maTTvis maqsimalurad nomraluri cxovrebis SesaZleblobis micemas.

8. me ar msurs Cemi Sefasebis gamoTqma moldovis mier ganxorcielebuli

politikuri strategiis efeqturobasTan dakavSirebiT iseT mniSvnelovan

sakiTxze, rogoric aris teritoriuli mTlianoba. miuxedavad amisa, TviT

dnestrispireTis teritoriaze efeqturi kontrolis ganxorcielebis

ararsebobis pirobebSic ki, moldovis xelisuflebis organoebs ekisrebaT

valdebuleba, ganaxorcielon maT xelT arsebuli yvela RonisZieba, iqneba

es politikuri, diplomatiuri, ekonomikuri Tu marTlmsajulebrivi

xasiaTis RonisZiebebi (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 331-e punqti), raTa daculi

iqnes konvenciiT garantirebuli uflebebi im pirebisaTvis, romlebic

formalurad mis iurisdiqciaSi xvdebian da, Sesabamisad, yvela im

pirisaTvis, romlebic imyofebian moldovis sayovelTaod aRiarebuli

sazRvrebis SigniT.

rac Seexeba RonisZiebebis xasiaTsa da maT efeqturobas an im RonisZiebebs,

romlebic unda ganxorcielebuliyo, garkveuli faqtebi SesaZloa ufro

mniSvnelovani iyos, vidre danarCeni, aseTi RonisZiebebis Sedegebidan

gamomdinare. xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT, 2001 wlis maisSi b-ni ilaSkus

gaTavisuflebis faqtis gaTvaliswinebiT, SesaZlebelia imis miCneva, rom

yvela is RonisZieba, romelic mimarTuli iqneboda ganmcxadebelTa

gaTavisuflebisaken, ar iqna ganxorcielebuli, rogorc amas aRniSnavs

sasamarTlo ganaCenis 347-e punqtis me-2 nawilSi.

9.

ganxorcielebuli

dacvasTan dakavSirebiT 1997 wlis ratificirebis Semdeg ar iqna

ganxorcielebuli imdenad mtkiced, ramdenadac amas moiTxovda

me

vTvli,

rom

moldovis

xelisuflebis

organoebis

mier

mcdelobebi

konvenciiT

gansazRvruli

uflebebis

ganmcxadebelTa seriozuli situacia, rac gamoixateboda maTi saqmis

ganxilviTa da msjavrdebiT da ganmcxadebelTa yofis seriozuli

situaciiT. magaliTad, unda aRiniSnos aSkara umoqmedobis Semdegi

SemTxvevebi da zogjer sapasuxo RonisZiebebic:

(a) 1993 wlis 28 dekembers aRiZra gamoZieba im pirebTan dakavSirebiT,

romlebic monawileobdnen ganmcxadebelTa mimarT aRZrul gamoZiebasa da

msjavrdebaSi, magram raime saxis informaciis uqonlobam xelisuflebis

organoebis mier gamoZiebis warmatebiT dasrulebis mizniT raime

RonisZiebis

seriozuli

ganxorcielebasTan

eWvebi RonisZiebebis

mimarTebaSi,

efeqturobasTan

SesaZloa,

warmoSvas

(ix.

dakavSirebiT

winamdebare ganaCenis 221-e punqti).

(b) moldovis uzenaesi sasamarTlos 1994 wlis 3 Tebervlis ganaCeni,

romelic auqmebda `mdr-s uzenaesi sasamarTlos~ mier 1993 wlis

9

dekembers gamotanil ganaCens da brZanebda saqmis dabrunebas sagamoZiebo

organoebisaTvis xelaxali gamoZiebis mizniT, arasodes ganxorcielebula

(ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 22-e punqti).

(g) aranairi nabijebi ar gadadgmula moldovis prezidentis mier 1995 wlis

4 agvistos gamocxadebuli amnistiis Semdeg. analogiurad, sasamarTlos ar

miuRia raime informacia ganmcxadebelTa saxeliT moldovis mTavrobis an

sagareo

saqmeTa

saministros

mier

ganxorcielebul

qmedebebTan

dakavSirebiT, miuxedavad parlamentis 1995 wlis 3 oqtombris Txovnisa

xsenebul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 227-e punqti).

(d) 2000 wlis 16 agvistos 1993 wlis 28 dekembris brZaneba Zaladakargulad

iqna gamocxadebuli prokuroris mier imis safuZvelze, rom danaSaulebi

ar iyo sworad kvalificirebuli. igive gadawyvetileba ayalibebda axal

braldebebs. magram mizanSewonilad ar iqna miCneuli gamoZiebis aRZvra

xsenebul braldebebTan mimarTebaSi xandazmulobis gamo. SesaZlebelia,

gamoiTqvas eWvebi im samarTalwarmoebis seriozulobasTan dakavSirebiT,

romelSic xelisuflebis organoebi icdidnen 7 weli, sanam moaxdendnen

danaSaulebis kvalifikaciis Secvlas mxolod imitom, rom gadaewyvitaT

dasasruls, rom gamoZieba axal braldebebTan mimarTebaSi xandazmulobis

gamo ar SeiZleboda aRZruliyo. ver SevZeli ra, Camomeyalibebina sakuTari

azri

im

sakiTxTan

dakavSirebiT,

vrceldeba

Tu

ara

moldovis

kanonmdeblobis xandazmuloba im danaSaulebTan mimarTebaSi, romlebic

warmoadgens CvenTvis saintereso sisxlis samarTalwarmoebis sagans, unda

aRvniSno, rom winamdebare saqmeSi xandazmuloba gamoiwvia im gamoZiebis

xangrZlivobam, romelic, rogorc aRmoCnda, araefeqturi iyo (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 229-e punqti).

(e) 2000 wlis 16 agvistos prokuroris mier sisxlissamarTlebrivi

gamoZiebis aRZvra hlinaias cixis mmarTvelis winaaRmdeg ar gagrZelebula

da, nebismier SemTxvevaSi, cixis mmarTvelma ganucxada sasamarTlos

delegatebs, rom misTvis ar SeutyobinebiaT xsenebulis Sesaxeb (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 230e punqti da danarTis 137-e punqti).

(v) zemoxsenebuli gamoZiebebis SeCerebis Sedegad amJamad `mdr~-s reJimis

xelisuflebis organoebis calkeul warmomadgenlebs, maT Soris b-n

Cevtsvovs, SeuZliaT Sevidnen moldovaSi im qmedebebisaTvis yovelgvari

pasuxismgeblobis SiSis gareSe, romlebic maT ganaxorcieles reJimis

samsaxurSi (ix. danarTi: b-ni ilaSku, punqti 21, da b-ni rusu, punqti 304).

ufro metic, me aRvniSnav, sul mcire gakvirvebis gareSe, rom moldovaSi

dabrunebis Semdeg `mdr-s iusticiis yofil ministrs~ b-n sidorovs ekava

ramdenime maRali Tanamdeboba da iyo moldovis parlamentis adamianis

uflebaTa da umciresobaTa komitetis Tavmjdomare 2001 wlis Semdeg (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 168-e punqti).

10. unda aRiniSnos, rom maSin, rodesac idgmeboda nabijebi separatistebis

reJimTan TanamSromlobis gaRrmavebis kuTxiT da im keTilSobiluri

mizniT, rom dnestrispireTis mosaxleobis cxovreba gaadvilebuliyo,

moldovis xelisuflebis organoebs ar gamoumJRavnebiaT igive mondomeba

ganmcxadeblebis bedTan mimarTebaSi. separatistebTan ganxorcielebuli

molaparakebebisas, iqneba es 2001 wlis maisamde Tu maisis Semdeg,

moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi Semoifarglebodnen sakiTxis mxolod

zepir doneze wamoweviT, raime werilobiTi SeTanxmebis miRwevis gareSe,

romelic

gaiTvaliswinebda

ganmcxadebelTa

gaTavisuflebas

(ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 172-e da 348-e punqtebi). analogiurad, marTalia, sam

ganmcxadebels ukanonod aRekveTa Tavisufleba daaxloebiT 12 wlis

ganmavlobaSi,

magram

dnestrispireTis

konfliqtis

mogvarebasTan

dakavSirebuli arc erTi gegma ar exeba ganmcxadeblebis situacias (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 348-e punqtis bolo nawili).

11. sasamarTlo uSvebs, rom moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi aRar

iCendnen yuradRebas ganmcxadeblebis bedTan dakavSirebiT ruseTis

federaciasTan gamarTuli molaparakebebisas da is faqti, rom moldovis

mTavrobam Tavi Seikava 2001 wlis 6 ivniss gamarTul mosmenaze imis

mtkicebisagan, rom ruseTis federacia SesaZloa pasuxismgebeli yofiliyo,

xolo

TavSekaveba

axsna

`arasasurveli

SedegebiT,

saxeldobr

ki

ganmcxadeblebis patimrobis bolos moRebis procesisaTvis xelis SeSlis

SesaZleblobiT~ (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 360-e punqti), warmoadgenda maTi

mxridan imis aRiarebas, rom ruseTis federaciis xelisuflebis organoebs

SesaZloa gaaCndaT zegavlenis moxdenis SesaZlebloba dnestrispireTis

reJimze (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 349-e punqti). Tumca aRniSnuli iqneboda

imis aRiareba, rom moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi, 2001 wlamdec da

2001 wlis Semdegac, ar iyenebdnen maT xelT arsebul yvela SesaZleblobas,

raTa zemoxsenebuli zegavlena miemarTaT ganmcxadebelTa sasargeblod.

12. da bolos, SesaZloa adamiani ar daeTanxmos umciresobas, romelic

Tvlis, rom ganmcxadeblebi ar xvdebian moldovis iurisdiqciaSi

konvenciis 1-li muxlis miznebidan gamomdinare, rom moldovas ar

daurRvevia Tavisi pozitiuri valdebulebebi da misi pasuxismgebloba ar

aris saxeze gasaCivrebul darRvevebTan mimarTebaSi, magram xsenebuli

midgoma Zalian logikuria. meores mxriv, daskvnas, rom ganmcxadeblebi

xvdebian moldovis iurisdiqciaSi da moldova valdebulia, Seasrulos

masze dakisrebuli pozitiuri valdebulebebi, mivyavarT imis aRiarebamde,

rom moldovis pasuxismgebloba srulad saxezea mis mier 1997 wlis 12

seqtembers konvenciis ratificirebis dRidan.

sabediswero dRe `2001 wlis maisi~ arabunebrivad da uazrod gamoiyureba.

mosamarTle resis gansxvavebuli mosazreba

1. me SevuerTdi mosamarTle kasadevalis nawilobriv gansxvavebul

mosazrebas, magram minda gavakeTo damatebiTi komentarebi moldovis

pozitiur valdebulebebTan dakavSirebiT. sasamarTlo mivida im daskvnamde,

rom ganmcxadeblebi xvdebian moldovis respublikis iurisdiqciaSi (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis me-300-301-e punqtebi) da rom moldovis mier

konvenciis ratificirebis instrumentTan erTad warmodgenili deklaracia

miuTiTebs kontrolTan dakavSirebul de facto situaciaze. dnestrispireTis

regionze de facto kontrolis ararsebobis SemTxvevaSic ki, konvenciis 1-li

muxlis

ganaxorcielos is RonisZiebebi, romelTa ganxorcielebis saSualebac mas

aqvs saerTaSoriso samarTlis Sesabamisad, raTa daicvas

Tanaxmad

moldovas

ekisreba

pozitiuri

valdebuleba,

ganmcxadeblebisaTvis konvenciiT garantirebuli uflebebi. sasamarTlom

sworad ganmarta, rom kvlavac saxezea iurisdiqcia xsenebul garemoebebSi

im SemTxvevaSic ki, rodesac xelSemkvreli saxelmwifo ver axorcielebs

Tavis uflebamosilebebs mTel Tavis teritoriaze da SezRudulia de facto

situaciiT, anu rogoric xdeba xolme calke reJimis Seqmnis dros.

moldovis suvereniteti mis srul teritoriaze arc gamxdara da arc

amJamad aris sadavo saerTaSoriso TanamegobrobaSi, sadavo ar gauxdia is

arc ruseTis federacias, romelic, Tavis mxriv, jarebis iq ganTavsebis

safuZvelze, axorcielebs kontrols dnestrispireTis regionze da,

Sesabamisad

masac

gaaCnia

iurisdiqcia

da

amgvarad

inawilebs

pasuxismgeblobas, Tumca mas sul sxva saxis pasuxismgebloba ekisreba,

vidre moldovas. me ar davaskvnidi, rogorc es sasamarTlom gaakeTa 333-e

punqtSi, rom `faqtobrivi situacia amcirebs iurisdiqciis farglebs~.

iurisdiqciis `farglebi~ yovelTvis erTi da igivea, magram SesaZloa

CaiTvalos, rom xelSemkvreli saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba, romelic

warmoiSoba saxelmwifoebis mier 1-li muxliT aRebuli valdebulebidan,

exeba mxolod pozitiur valdebulebebs teritoriaze arsebul pirebTan

mimarTebaSi da ara yvela qmedebas, romlebic ganxorcielebulia

adgilobrivi xelisuflebis organoebis mier, romlebsac warmoadgenen

dnestrispireTSi ajanyebuli Zalebi. rac Seexeba iurisdiqciisa da

pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxebs, Sesabamisi saxelmwifo ucxo saxelmwifosTan

da saerTaSoriso organoebTan urTierTobisas yvela xelTarsebuli

samarTlebrivi

da

diplomatiuri

saSualebiT

unda

ecados,

rom

gaagrZelos konvenciiT uzrunvelyofili uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis

uzrunvelyofa.

2. me veTanxmebi ganaCenis 335-e punqtSi moyvanil mosazreba, rom

ganmcxadeblebi imyofebian moldovis iurisdiqciaSi konvenciis 1-li

muxlis miznebidan gamomdinare, magram moldovis pasuxismgebloba im

gasaCivrebul qmedebebTan mimarTebaSi, romlebic ganxorcielda `mdr~-s

teritoriaze, romelzec moldova ver axorcielebs efeqtur kontrols,

unda Sefasdes pozitiuri valdebulebebis WrilSi. Zalian Znelia imis

aRqma, Tu rogor SeiZleba miviCnioT moldova pirdapir pasuxismgeblad

yvela im qmedebaze, romlebsac axorcielebs dnestrispireTis reJimi

teritoriis im nawilSi. faqtobrivi situaciis sirTulidan gamomdinare da

im

siZnelis

gaTvaliswinebiT,

romelic

Tan

axlavs

pozitiur

valdebulebebTan SesabamisobisaTvis gansaxorcielebeli yvelaze efeqturi

RonisZiebis miTiTebas, sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom intensiuri RonisZiebebi

iqna ganxorcielebuli 1991-92 wlebis Semdgom periodSi imisaTvis, rom

moldovas aRedgina kontroli dnestrispireTis teritoriaze. magram

xsenebuli RonisZiebebis intensiuroba ufro da ufro Sesustda moldovis

mier konvenciis ratificirebis Semdeg 1997 wlis 12 seqtembridan da

faqtobrivad aRar ganxorcielebula b-ni ilaSkus gaTavisuflebis Semdeg.

rogorc

es

sasamarTlom

marTebulad

aRniSna,

dnestrispireTis

teritoriaze kontrolis aRdgenis valdebuleba moiTxovda moldovasagan,

pirvel rigSi Tavi Seekavebina `mdr~-s reJimis mxardaWerisagan, kerZod 1997

wlis Semdeg, da, meore, ganexorcielebina mis xelT arsebuli sxva

politikuri, sasamarTlo da sxva saxis RonisZiebebi, kerZod, iseTi

RonisZiebebi, romlebic ukavSirdeboda ganmcxadebelTa situacias da maT

mimarT konvenciis darRvevis Semdgom SemTxvevebs. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs,

rom adgili hqonda `im sasamarTlo RonisZiebebis Semcirebas, romelTa

mizansac

warmoadgenda

dnestrispireTis

teritoriaze

moldovis

uflebamosilebis aRdgena~ (ix. ganaCenis 344-e punqti). me srulad veTanxmebi

mosamarTle kasadevalis analizs, rom araferi amarTlebs im daskvnas, rom

moldova axorcielebda masze dakisrebul pozitiur valdebulebebs 2001

wels b-ni ilaSkus gaTavisuflebamde; xsenebuli gaTavisuflebis Semdeg

Zalian cota ram Seicvala, Tuki rame Seicvala, im RonisZiebebis

efeqturobaSi, romlebic moldovis mTavrobas SeeZlo ganexorcielebina,

raTa uzrunveleyo ganmcxadeblebisaTvis konvenciiT garantirebuli

uflebebi.

aSkaraa,

rom

arsebobda

met-naklebad

efeqtiani

politikuri

da

marTmsajulebrivi mcdelobebis sxvadasxva `etapebi~, raTa moldovas

daemyarebina Tavisi xelisufleba dnestrispireTis teritoriaze da bolo

moeRo

ganmcxadebelTa

konvenciiT

garantirebuli

uflebebis

darRvevebisaTvis. mas Semdeg, rac 1991-1992 wlebSi ruseTis federaciis

mxardaWeriT Seiqmna `mdr~, igi mudmivad rCeboda ruseTis federaciis

efeqturi xelisuflebis an, sul mcire, gadamwyveti zegavlenis qveS da

arsebobda samxedro, ekonomikuri, finansuri da politikuri mxardaWeris

safuZvelze, romelsac mas uCenda ruseTis federacia (ix. winamdebare

ganaCenis 392-e punqti). xsenebul garemoebebSi moldovis elementarul

valdebulebas warmoadgenda masze dakisrebuli pozitiuri valdebulebebis

ganxorcieleba, rac gulisxmobda ganmcxadebelTa bedis gamosworebaze

mudmiv

diplomatiuri

zrunvas

ruseTis

federaciasTan

ormxrivi

urTierTobisas.

ruseTis

mcdelobebisa

da argumentebis

ararseboba

federaciis mier darRvevebis ganxorcielebasTan dakavSirebiT aSkara

Seiqmna 2001 wlis maisis Semdeg, magram, Cemi azriT – rogorc es

sasamarTlom Tavadac aRniSna – aseve aSkara iyo 1997 wlis Semdeg (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 349-e punqti). ruseTis federacia, romelic moqmedebda

rogorc garanti saxelmwifo, iyo erTaderTi, romlisTvisac moldovas

Tavisi pozitiuri valdebulebebis ganxorcielebisas unda miemarTa

intensiurad da unda mieTiTebina ruseTis pasuxismgeblobaze konvenciis

Tanaxmad. me ar SemiZlia davinaxo raime gamyofi xazi 1997 wlis

ratificirebamde da amJamad, iqneba es 2001 wlis maisi Tu drois sxva

periodi.

3. situacia moldovaSi gansxvavdeba im situaciisagan, romelic aRwerili

iyo saqmeSi Cyprus v. Turkey ([GC], no. 25781/94, punqti 78, ECHR 2001-IV), sadac

sasamarTlom

miuTiTa

kviprosis

respublikis

uunarobaze,

ganexorcielebina konvenciiT masze dakisrebuli valdebulebebi CrdiloeT

kviprosSi, radgan adgili hqonda CrdiloeT kviprosis srul okupacias

TurqeTis mxridan. winamdebare saqmeSi adgili ara aqvs dnestrispireTis

teritoriis okupirebas, miuxedavad imisa, rom iq aris ajanyebulTa reJimi

da ruseTis federacia teritoriaze axorcielebs gadamwyvet zegavlenas da

TviT kontrolsac ki. magram moldovas kvlavac rCeba zegavlenis moxdenis

mniSvnelovani saSualebebi, raTa Seasrulos masze dakisrebuli pozitiuri

valdebulebebi, rasac igi ver axorcielebs efeqturad. moldovam

TanamSromlobis midgomac ki ganaxorciela sxvadasxva sferoSi da dado

administraciuli SeTanxmebebi ajanyebulTa reJimTan, ramac mosamarTle

kasadevals misca imis safuZveli, efiqra, rom moldovis mxridan adgili

hqonda dumiliT gamoxatul Tanxmobas. Tumca rodesac saxelmwifos ar

gaaCnia SesaZlebloba, arsebuli garemoebebis gamo ganaxorcielos

xelisufleba teritoriis nawilebze ajanyebulTa reJimis gamo, misi

pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi SesaZloa dadges im SemTxvevaSic ki, Tuki misi

mcdelobebi ar warmoadgens dumiliT gamoxatul Tanxmobas ukanono

administraciis moqmedebasTan dakavSirebiT. Tuki davaskvniT, rom adgili

hqonda dumiliT gamoxatul Tanxmobas, maSin Zneli iqneba saerTaSoriso

valdebulebebis darRvevasTan dakavSirebiT pasuxismgeblobis dakisreba

ajanyebulTa reJimisaTvis. aseTi dumiliT gamoxatuli Tanxmoba aseve

Znels gaxdis Sesabamisi saxelmwifosaTvis, miiRos daxmareba mesame

saxelmwifoebisagan ajanyebulebTan brZolisas. damxmare saxelmwifosaTvis

es

advilad

SesaZlebelia,

warmoadgendes

ukanono

intervencias.

Sesabamisad, pozitiuri valdebulebis darRveva SesaZlebelia dadgindes

maSin, rodesac sasamarTlos gaaCnia mtkicebuleba, romelic naTlad ar

warmoaCens saidumlo SeTanxmebas an dumiliT gamoxatul Tanxmobas

ajanyebulebis

mier

teritoriaze

xelisuflebis

ganxorcielebasTan

dakavSirebiT, magram, miuxedavad amisa, gamoxatavs droebiT situacias,

rogorc es winamdebare saqmeSia, rodesac saxelmwifo ar moqmedebda

Sesabamisi

miswrafebiTa

da

mondomebiT,

rac

SesaZlebeli

iyo

ganxorcielebuliyo.

4. sasamarTlos ar SeuZlia gamoricxos dumiliT gamoxatuli SeTanxmeba an

Tanxmoba saxelmwifoebs Soris kontrolis ganxorcielebasTan

dakavSirebiT. magram konvenciis Tanaxmad yvela aseT SemTxvevaSi

saxelmwifos ekisreba pozitiuri valdebuleba, uzrunvelyos konvenciiT

garantirebuli uflebebisa da valdebulebebis dacvis gagrZeleba.

yvelaze mniSvnelovan sakiTxs warmoadgens is, Tu ra RonisZiebebi unda

miuTiTos sasamarTlom, rogorc absoluturad aucilebeli, xsenebuli

pozitiuri valdebulebebis Sesasruleblad. Cemi azriT, imisaTvis, rom ar

CaiTvalos, rom saxelmwifo dumiliT gamoxatavs Tanxmobas ajanyebulebis

mier Cadenil qmedebebTan dakavSirebiT, saxelmwifom unda:

a) ganagrZos myari protestis gamoTqma ormxriv da saerTaSoriso doneze

teritoriaze ukanono xelisuflebis ganxorcielebasTan dakavSirebiT;

b) ganagrZos yvela SesaZlebeli da samarTlebrivad daSvebuli RonisZiebis

ganxorcieleba, raTa aRadginos Tavis teritoriaze sruli kontroli;

g) ganagrZos mxardaWeris mopoveba, iqneba es ormxriv Tu saerTaSoriso

doneze, kerZod, saerTaSoriso organizaciebis meSveobiT, raTa

ganxorcieldes yvela saxis RonisZieba ukanono reJimis winaaRmdeg, radgan

xelSemkvrel saxelmwifoebs moeTxovebaT adamianis uflebebis dacva

TavianT teritoriebze; da

d) Tavi Seikavos ajanyebulTa reJimisaTvis daxmarebis aRmoCenisagan, rasac

SesaZloa

niSnavdes

dumiliT

gamoxatuli

Tanxmoba

teritoriaze

xelisuflebis ganxorcielebasTan dakavSirebiT.

sakiTxebi, romlebic ukavSirdeba mkacri RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebas,

rogoricaa ekonomikuri blokada, magaliTad, imisaTvis, rom

uzrunvelyofili iqnes adamianis uflebaTa dacva mokle droSi, an

ekonomikuri, kulturuli da sxva saxis TanamSromlobis sasargeblooba

situaciis

gadaWrisaTvis,

warmoadgens

politikuri

Sefasebisa

da

diplomatiis sakiTxs da sasamarTlo frTxilad Seecada, gverdi aevlo

misTvis da ar gaeca pasuxi.

5.

kviprosis

situaciisagan

gansxvavebiT,

urTierTobebi

moldovis

konstituciuri xelisuflebis organoebsa da dnestrispireTis ukanono

reJimis warmomadgenlebs Soris arasodes yofila srulad Sewyvetili.

rogorc

es

sasamarTlom

aRniSna,

adgili

hqonda

urTierTobebs

tiraspolis aerodromTan dakavSirebiT, saerTo satelefono sistemis

sferoSi da aseve TanamSromlobas bevr sxva doneze. radgan gansaxilvel

sakiTxs warmoadgens is, axorcielebs Tu ara moldova iurisdiqcias

teritoriaze, yvela is elementi, romlebic ukavSirdeba ekonomikur

urTierTobebs, politikur uSiSroebas da sxva saxis TanamSromlobas

moldovasa da dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebs Soris, aZnelebs,

gavaqarwyloT moldovis pasuxismgebloba winamdebare saqmeSi. amitomac

situacia ufro axlos dgas saqmeTan Assanidze v. Georgia ([GC] no. 71503/01, ECHR

2004-II), vidre zemoxsenebul saqmesTan Cyprus v. Turkey. pirvel saqmeSi,

romelic

exeboda

aWaris

regions,

saqarTvelos

konstituciuri

xelisuflebis organoebi waawydnen siZneleebs aWaris teritoriaze

konvenciiT garantirebuli uflebebis dacvaSi. winamdebare saqmeSi

pozitiuri valdebuleba kontrolis aRdgenasTan dakavSirebiT moiTxovs

dnestrispireTis reJimis mudmiv da mtkice dagmobas da moldovis

mTavrobis uflebebis gacxadebas qveynis mTel teritoriaze. xsenebuli

unda ganxorcieldes saxelmwifos yvela uflebamosilebis gamoyenebiT,

iqneba es sasamarTlo, aRmasrulebeli Tu marTlmsajulebrivi xasiaTis

uflebamosileba.

me

ver

vxedav

simbolur

efeqts

mxolod

marTlmsajulebrivi RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebaSi. Tumca 1997 wlidan

aseve adgili hqonda moldovis mxridan Semcirebas saerTaSoriso doneze

mcdelobebisa, gaecxadebina Tavisi uflebamosileba dnestrispireTis

teritoriaze, da sagrZnoblad Semcirda misi mcdelobebi ganmcxadeblebis

uflebaTa dacvasTan dakavSirebiT, Tundac mxedvelobaSi miviRoT is

mcdelobebi, romlebic b-nma sturcam ganaxorciela.

6. yovelTvis Zneli iqneba aseTi RonisZiebebis mozaikis Sefaseba, magram

Tuki vaRiarebT, rom movlenebis ganviTarebis dros ruseTis federacias

gaaCnda

iurisdiqcia

dnestrispireTis

teritoriaze

da

xsenebuli

iurisdiqciis ganxorcieleba axlac grZeldeba, maSin gavaanalizebT, rom

adgili hqonda imgvari formaluri protestebis, gancxadebebis an sxva

RonisZiebebis ararsebobas ruseTis federaciasTan, mesame qveynebTan,

gaeros-Tan da sxva saerTaSoriso organizaciebTan mimarTebaSi, romelTa

mizanic

situaciisTvis

mdgomareobis gamosworeba.

iqneboda

zegavlenis

moxdena

da

dnestrispireTSi

ganmcxadebelTa

ukanono

dauSvebeli

bolos

moRebaze

mosamarTle ser nikolas bratcas nawilobriv gansxvavebuli azri,

romelsac SeuerTdnen mosamarTleebi rozakisi, hedigani, tomaseni da

pantiru

1. me veTanxmebi sasamarTlos umravlesobas imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom

saxezea ruseTis federaciis pasuxismgebloba konvenciis im darRvevebTan

dakavSirebiT, romlebsac amtkicebdnen ganmcxadeblebi da romlebic

dadasturda, magram ar SemiZlia gaviziaro umravlesobis mosazreba, rom

moldovis pasuxismgebloba analogiurad saxezea.

2. saqmeSi orive mopasuxe mxarisaTvis mTavar sakiTxs warmoadgens is,

xvdebian Tu ara ganmcxadeblebi `iurisdiqciaSi~ konvenciis 1-li muxlis

mniSvnelobiT. Tuki isini xvdebian, saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba saxeze

iqneba konvenciis darRvevisaTvis, romlis arsebobac warmoCinebuli iqna an

grZeldeboda

moldovis

mimarT

1997

wlis

12

seqtembers,

xolo

ruseTisaTvis 1998 wlis 5 maisidan ZalaSi Sesvlis Semdeg.

3. saqmeSi Banković and Others v. Belgium and Others ((dec.) [GC], no. 52207/99, punqtebi

59-61, ECHR 2001-XII) sasamarTlom daadastura, rom cneba `iurisdiqcia~

konvenciis 1-li muxlis mniSvnelobiT uwinaresad teritoriuls niSnavs

Tavisi xasiaTidan gamomdinare da mxolod gamonaklis SemTxvevebSi

SeiZleba warmoadgendes xelSemkvreli saxelmwifos teritoriis gareT

ganxorcielebuli qmedebebi `iurisdiqciis~ ganxorcielebas am miznisaTvis.

sapirispirod, imis miCneva, rom teritoriis SigniT myofi piri xvdeba

`iurisdiqciaSi~ konvenciis miznebisaTvis, SesaZloa gaqarwylebuli iqnes

da gamonaklisis saxiT saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba ar iqneba saxeze

konvenciis im darRvevasTan mimarTebaSi, romelic ganxorcielda mis

teritoriaze. xsenebuli naTlad Cans saqmidan Cyprus v. Turkey ([GC], no.

25781/94, punqti 78, ECHR 2001-IV), sadac sasamarTlom miuTiTa `[kviprosis

respublikis]

gangrZobad

uunarobaze,

ganexorcielebina

konvenciiT

dakisrebuli valdebulebebi CrdiloeT kviprosSi~ da amgvarad miniSneba

gakeTda `adamianis uflebaTa dacvis sistemaSi vakuumis Seqmnaze~, rac

mohyveboda im gadawyvetilebas, rom ganmcxadeblebi ar xvdebodnen

TurqeTis iurisdiqciaSi.

4. umniSvnelovanesi gansaxilveli sakiTxebia: (i) aris Tu ara es is

gamonaklisi SemTxveva, rodesac ganmcxadeblebi unda CaiTvalon ruseTis

federaciis

`iurisdiqciaSi~,

miuxedavad

imisa,

rom

imyofebian

am

saxelmwifos teritoriis gareT, da (ii) moldovis teritoriaze yofnisas

ganmcxadeblebi unda CaiTvalon Tu ara moldovis `iurisdiqciaSi~ ise, rom

saxeze iyos am saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba Tu, gamonaklisis saxiT, unda

gabaTildes is prezumfcia, rom isini moldovis iurisdiqciaSi iyvnen da

arian. ori sakiTxi mWidrodaa dakavSirebuli erTmaneTTan, damokidebulia,

rogorc amas sasamarTlos ganaCeni amJRavnebs, faqtobrivi situaciis

guldasmiT analizze, da ukavSirdeba dnestrispireTis teritorias 1991

wlidan dRemde.

a. Sesabamisi principebi

5. garemoebebi, romlebSic saxelmwifo SesaZloa pasuxismgeblad CaiTvalos

konvenciis darRvevisaTvis, romelic xdeba misi teritoriis gareT,

ganxiluli da gansazRvruli iqna sasamarTlos ganaCenSi saqmeze Loizidou v.

Turkey (pirveladi pretenziebi) (1995 wlis 23 martis ganaCeni, seria A #. 310),

Loizidou v. Turkey (arsebiT ganxilva) (1996 wlis 18 dekembris ganaCeni, ganaCenebi

da gadawyvetilebebi 1996-VI),zemoxsenebul saqmeebzeCyprus v. Turkey daBanković

and

Others

gamotanil

zemoxsenebul

gadawyvetilebaSi.

aseTi

pasuxismgebloba SesaZloa saxeze iyos:

(i) rodesac samxedro RonisZiebis Sedegad – iqneba es kanonieri Tu

ukanono – saxelmwifo axorcielebs efeqtur kontrols misi teritoriis

gareT arsebul arealze. aseTi kontroli SesaZloa ganxorcieldes

pirdapir, saxelmwifos Zalebis gamoyenebiT, an iribad, damokidebuli

adgilobrivi administraciis meSveobiT (ix. Loizidou-s saqme (pirveladi

pretenziebi), gv. 23-24, punqti 62). rodesac saxelmwifo axorcielebs

efeqtur kontrols mTlian teritoriaze, misi pasuxismgebloba ar

SeiZleba Semoifarglos mxolod misi jariskacebisa da xelisuflebis

organoebis warmomadgenelTa mier ganxorcielebuli qmedebebiT – ara aqvs

mniSvneloba, am qmedebebis ganxorcieleba nebadarTuli iyo Tu ara

saxelmwifos xelisuflebis maRali Tanamdebobis pirebis mier - `aramed

aseve saxezea es pasuxismgebloba adgilobrivi administraciis (romelic

suldgmulobs samxedro mxardaWeris safuZvelze) mier ganxorcielebuli

qmedebebis gamo~ (ix. Cyprus v. Turkey, punqti 77). garda amisa, rodesac

dadgindeba, rom aseTi efeqturi kontroli saxezea, pasuxismgebloba

warmoiSoba maSinac ki, Tu aranairi saxis detaluri kontroli ar

xorcieldeba

adgilobrivi

xelisuflebis

organoebis

mier

ganxorcielebul politikasa da qmedebebze (ix. Loizidou (arsebiTi ganxilva),

gv. 2235-36, punqti56);

(ii) rodesac saxelmwifo, teritoriis mTavrobis Tanxmobis gamoxatvis,

mowodebis an dumilis saSualebiT, axorcielebs srul an garkveul

sajaro uflebamosilebebs, rac normalur pirobebSi unda ganaxorcielos

mTavrobam (ix.Banković and Others, punqti71).

6. pirdapiri uflebamosilebaa saxeze sapirispiro SemTxvevaSi

saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba, romlis teritoriazec xdeba konvenciis

darRveva, magram romelsac ar SeuZlia efeqturi kontrolis

–

im

ganxorcieleba Sesabamis teritoriaze, iqneba es sxva saxelmwifos jarebis

mier samxedro okupaciis gamo, Tu omis an teritoriaze ajanyebulebis

arsebobis gamo an iseTi separatistuli administraciis mier teritoriis

okupirebis da gakontrolebis gamo, romelsac zurgs umagrebs sxva

saxelmwifos Zalebi. naTelia, rom individualuri piri rCeba saxelmwifos

`iurisdiqciaSi~

qarwyldeba, rodesac warmoCindeba, rom Sesabamisi saxelmwifo saidumlod

gaurigda adgilobrivi xelisuflebis organoebs teritoriaze

da

saxelmwifos

pasuxismgeblobis

prezumfcia

ar

administraciuli uflebamosilebebis ganxorcielebasTan dakavSirebiT.

garda amisa, im SemTxvevaSic ki, Tu saxelmwifo ar axorcielebs efeqtur

kontrols

teritoriis

nawilze,

individualuri

piri

CaiTvleba

saxelmwifos `iurisdiqciaSi~ konvenciis im darRvevebTan mimarTebaSi,

romlebic xdeba mis nawilSi, Tuki damtkicdeba, rom misi xelisuflebis

warmomadgenlebi an agentebi monawileobdnen pirdapir an iribad Sesabamis

konkretul qmedebebSi an dumiliT gamoxatavdnen Tanxmobas aseTi

qmedebebis ganxorcielebisas.

7. sasamarTlos umravlesoba kidev ufro Sors midis, rodesac askvnis, rom

roca xelSemkvrel saxelmwifos ar SeuZlia xelisuflebis ganxorcieleba

teritoriis srul nawilze xelSemSleli de facto situaciis gamo, rogoric

warmoiSoba separatistuli reJimis Seqmnis SemTxvevaSi, misi iurisdiqcia

ar wyvets moqmedebas konvenciis pirveli muxlis mniSvnelobiT teritoriis

im nawilze, romelic droebiT eqvemdebareba adgilobrivi xelisuflebis

organoebs da mas mxars umagrebs ajanyebuli Zalebi an sxva saxelmwifo;

aseTi faqtobrivi situacia `amcirebs iurisdiqciis farglebs imiT, rom

saxelmwifoze pirveli muxliT dakisrebuli valdebuleba ganxiluli unda

iqnes sasamarTlos mier mxolod xelSemkvreli mxaris pozitiuri

valdebulebebis WrilSi mis teritoriaze myof pirebTan mimarTebaSi~ (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 333-e punqti). amgvarad dakisrebuli pozitiuri

valdebulebebi sxvadasxvagvarad aris aRwerili winamdebare ganaCenSi,

magaliTad: `yvela im Sesabamisi RonisZiebis ganxorcieleba, romlis

ganxorcielebac saxelmwifos SeuZlia,~ raTa uzrunvelyos konvenciiT

gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebis pativiscema (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 313-e

punqti); `valdebuleba, romelic gulisxmobs dipomatiuri, ekonomikuri,

sasamarTlo da sxva saxis RonisZiebebs, romelTa ganxorcielebac

SesaZlebelia saerTaSoriso samarTlis Tanaxmad, raTa uzrunvelyofili

iqnes konvenciiT garantirebuli ganmcxadebelTa uflebebis dacva~ (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 331-e punqti); da movaleoba, `Seecados yvela

samarTlebrivi

da

diplomatiuri

xelmisawvdomi

saSualebiT,

sxva

saxelmwifoebTan

da saerTaSoriso

organizaciebTan

mimarTebaSi,

konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebul uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa ganxorcielebis

uzrunvelyofas~ (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 333-e punqti). umravlesobis

azriT, sasamarTlos rols ar warmoadgens xelisuflebis organoebisaTvis

im RonisZiebebis miTiTeba, romlebic man unda ganaxorcielos imisaTvis,

rom Seasrulos masze dakisrebuli valdebulebebi ufro efeqturad,

aramed

sasamarTlo

amowmebs

imas,

ganxorcielebuli

RonisZiebebi

Sesabamisi da sakmarisi iyo winamdebare saqmeSi Tu ara, sasamarTlos

amocanas warmoadgens `imis garkveva, Tu ra doneze iyo, miuxedavad

arsebuli

situaciisa,

minimaluri

mcdelobebis

ganxorcielebis

SesaZlebloba da unda ganxorcielebuliyo Tu ara isini~ (ix. winamdebare

ganaCenis 334-e punqti). winamdebare saqmeSi xsenebuli principebis

gamoyenebiT sasamarTlos umravlesoba adgens, rom `ganmcxadeblebi

xvdebian moldovis respublikis iurisdiqciaSi konvenciis pirveli muxlis

mniSvnelobiT,

magram

misi

pasuxismgebloba

`mdr~-s

teritoriaze

ganxorcielebul gasaCivrebul qmedebebTan mimarTebaSi unda Sefasdes

moldovaze konvenciiT dakisrebuli pozitiuri valdebulebebis WrilSi~

(ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 335-e punqti).

8. ar SemiZlia daveTanxmo xsenebul analizs. pirvel rigSi, me ver miviReb

mosazrebas, rom pirebi, romlebic imyofebian saxelmwifos teritoriaze,

romlis okupaciis Sedegad ukanono separatistuli xelisuflebis mier

saxelmwifos ar SeuZlia masze raime Zalauflebis ganxorcieleba an

kontrolis daweseba, mainc SeiZleba miCneulni iqnen am saxelmwifos

`iurisdiqciaSi~ konvenciis pirveli muxlis damoukidebeli mniSvnelobiT.

xsenebuli termini gulisxmobs, rom saxelmwifos gaaCnia Zalaufleba,

`uzrunvelyos konvenciaSi gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi

yvelasaTvis...~. me aseve SeuZleblad mimaCnia sasamarTlos umravlesobis

daskvnis miReba, rom aseT faqtobriv situaciaSi teritoriis SigniT myofi

pirebi rCebian saxelmwifos `iurisdiqciis SigniT~, magram `iurisdiqciis~

farglebi SezRudulia da saxelmwifos kvlav ekisreba pozitiuri

valdebulebebi teritoriaze myofi yvela piris uflebebTan mimarTebaSi.

`saxelmwifos pozitiuri uflebebis~ terminis gamoyeneba da ganaCenSi

gamJRavnebuli dayrdnoba 1-l muxlTan dakavSirebul sasamarTlos

precedentul samarTalze, romelic aseT valdebulebebs ukavSirdeba,

winamdebare konteqstSi CemTvis warmoadgens Secdomas da arafris momcemia.

xsenebuli precedentuli samarTali – misi miTiTebebiT Tanabar balansze,

romelic unda arsebobdes zogad interesebsa da individis interesebs

Soris da im arCevanTan dakavSirebiT, romelic unda gakeTdes arsebuli

saSualebebis

prioritetebidan

gamomdinare

–

ganviTarebuli

iqna

faqtobriv konteqstSi, rodesac mopasuxe saxelmwifo axorcielebda srul

da efeqtur kontrols mTlian teritoriaze da rodesac individebi misi

teritoriis SigniT udavod imyofebodnen saxelmwifos `iurisdiqciaSi~

konvenciis miznebisaTvis. Cemi azriT, sasamarTlos argumentacia ar

SeiZleba miesadagos arsebiTad sxva konteqsts, rodesac saxelmwifos

ezRudeba, misi kontrolis gareT myofi garemoebebisda gamo, raime

xelisuflebis ganxorcielebis SesaZlebloba teritoriis SigniT da

mTavar sakiTxs warmoadgens is, unda CaiTvalon Tu ara teritoriis SigniT

myofi

pirebi

saxelmwifos

`iurisdiqciaSi~

konvenciis

miznebidan

gamomdinare.

ar SemiZlia daveTanxmo, rom aseT situaciaSi pirisaTvis konvenciiT

garantirebuli uflebebis darRvevis gamo saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba

SeiZleba iyos saxeze mxolod imitom, rom, Tavis mxriv, saxelmwifom ver

SeZlo daedgina, rom man ver ganaxorciela sakmarisi mcdelobebi

samarTlebriv, diplomatiur doneze, raTa moexdina xsenebul uflebaTa

uzrunvelyofa. winamdebare saqmis konkretul konteqstSi, saxelmwifos

pasuxismgebloba efeqturi kontrolis miRma arsebul teritoriaze pirebis

ukanono

patimrobasTan

dakavSirebiT,

Cemi

azriT,

ar

SeiZleba

damokidebuli iyos imaze, drois garkveul monakveTSi saxelmwifo, Tavisi

SefasebiT, axorcielebs sakmaris mcdelobebs pirTa gaTavisuflebasTan

dakavSirebiT Tu ara. ar SemiZlia aseve daveTanxmo konvenciis iseT

ganmartebas, romelic moiTxovs sasamarTlosagan Sefasebis gakeTebas,

rTul da cvalebad saerTaSoriso situaciaSi, imasTan dakavSirebiT,

efeqturi iqneboda Tu ara konkretuli samarTlebrivi da diplomatiuri

RonisZiebebi teritoriaze konstituciuri wyobis aRdgenasTan mimarTebaSi,

praqtikulad

SesaZlebeli

iqneboda

Tu

ara

aseTi

RnisZiebebis

ganxorcieleba da Sesabamisi saxelmwifos mier ganxorcielebuli iqna Tu

ara isini.

9. me SemiZlia daveTanxmo im mosazrebas, rom rodesac saxelmwifos ar

gaaCnia SesaZlebloba, ganaxorcielos raime saxis uflebamosileba an

kontroli mis sazRvrebSi arsebul teritoriaze, Sesabamisi saxelmwifos

umoqmedobam mainc SesaZloa warmoSvas misi pasuxismgebloba konvenciis

Tanaxmad am teritoriis SigniT. aseTi saxis pasuxismgebloba SesaZloa,

Cemi azriT, saxeze iyos mxolod gamonaklis garemoebebSi, rodesac

sasamarTlos winaSe warmodgenili mtkicebulebebi naTlad warmoaCens

valdebulebebis Seusruleblobas an mcdelobebis ganuxorcieleblobas

Sesabamisi saxelmwifos mxridan, raTa aRadginos Tavisi xelisufleba an

konstituciuri wyoba teritoriis SigniT, dumiliT gamoxatuli TanxmobiT

ukanono

administraciis

mier

teritoriaze

ganxorcielebul

uflebamosilebasTan an `iurisdiqciasTan~ mimarTebaSi.

b. zemoxsenebuli principebis gamoyeneba winamdebare saqmeSi

1. ruseTis federacia

10. winamdebare saqmis faqtebTan mimarTebaSi zemoxsenebuli principebis

gamoyenebisas me srulad veTanxmebi sasamarTlos umravlesobas, rodesac

igi adgens, rom xsenebul periodSi ganmcxadeblebi iyvnen, xolo sami

ganmcxadeblis SemTxvevaSi rCebian, ruseTis federaciis `iurisdiqciis~

qveS konvenciis pirveli muxlis mniSvnelobiT da, Sesabamisad, saxezea misi

pasuxismgebloba

konvenciis

darRvevaze,

romelic

dadgenili

iqna

sasamarTlos mier. kerZod, me dadgenilad da sasamarTlos winaSe

warmodgenil mtkicebulebebze damyarebulad vTvli Semdeg faqtebs:

(i) 1991-1992 wlebSi mimdinare konfliqtis ganmavlobaSi me-14 armiis Zalebi

(1992 wlis 1 aprilis Semdeg ruseTis operatiuli danayofi - rod),

romlebic ganTavsebuli iyo dnestrispireTSi, ibrZodnen teritoriaze

arsebuli separatistuli Zalebis mxareze da TavianTi surviliT aZlevdnen

maT, an nebas rTavdnen, rom xelSi CaegdoT, didi raodenobiT SeiaraReba.

(ii) konfliqtis ganmavlobaSi ruseTis federaciis liderebi uCendnen

dnestrispirel separatistebs politikur Tanadgomas, inter alia, sajaro

gancxadebebiT.

(iii) ganmcxadeblebi dakavebulni iqnen 1992 wlis ivnisSi me-14 armiis/rod-is

jariskacebis

pirdapiri

monawilebis

Sedegad,

sami

ganmcxadebeli

patimrobaSi imyofeboda me-14 armiis/rod-is garnizonis StabbinaSi, sadac

maT mimarT ganxorcielda sastiki xasiaTis arasaTanado mopyroba, da

mogvianebiT

armiis

warmomadgenlebma

ganmcxadeblebi

gadasces

separatistebis policias, uwyodnen ra im danaSaulebis Sesaxeb, romelTa

CadenaSic ganmcxadeblebi iyvnen eWvmitanilni da aseve icodnen ra im

Sedegebis Sesaxeb, rac mohyveboda ganmcxadebelTa gadacemas ukanono da

arakonstituciuri reJimisaTvis.

(iv) 1992 wlis 21 ivlisis cecxlis Sewyvetis SeTanxmebis Semdeg ruseTis

federacia agrZelebda samxedro, politikuri da ekonomikuri xasiaTis

daxmarebis aRmoCenas teritoriaze arsebuli separatistuli reJimisaTvis

da amiT uzrunvelyofda reJimis arsebobas.

(v) konvenciis ratificirebis Semdgom periodSi ruseTis federacia,

moldovis teritoriaze jarebis gangrZobadi ganTavsebis meSveobiT, riTac

arRvevda jarebis gayvanis valdebulebas, aRebuli erTianobaSi misi

daxmarebiT

aRmoCenil

SesaZleblobas

Seqmnil

ekonomikur,

dnestrispireTis

ukanono

politikur

xelisuflebisaTvis

mxardaWerasTan,

finansur

reJims,

da

earseba

aZlevda

da

ganexorcielebina

uflebamosileba da kontroli teritoriis SigniT.

2. moldova

11. dasawyisSi me aRvniSnavdi, rom cota xnis win sasamarTlos mier

ganxiluli saqmisagan Assanidze v. Georgia ([GC] no. 71503/01, ECHR 2004-II)

gansxvavebiT, winamdebare saqme ar aris iseTi xasiaTis, rodesac moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebi ubralod `[awydebian] siZneleebs konvenciiT

garantirebuli uflebebis Sesrulebis uzrunvelyofasTan dakavSirebiT

saxelmwifos yvela nawilSi~ (ix. Assanidze-s saqme, punqti 146). rogorc es

aRiniSna winamdebare ganaCenSi (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 330-e punqti),

miRebuli safuZvelia, rom 1991 wlis konfliqtis dawyebidan dRemde

moldovas ar hqonda da arc amJamad aqvs saSualeba, ganaxorcielos

uflebamosileba

an

kontroli

dnestrispireTis

teritoriaze

am

ukanasknelis okupaciis gamo ukanono reJimis mier. ufro metic,

sasamarTlos umravlesobam aRiara ganaCenSi, rom 1991 wlidan 1997 wlis

seqtemberSi moldovis mier konvenciis ratificirebamde moldovas ara

mxolod

gasaCivrebul konvenciis darRvevebTan mimarTebaSi, aramed aranairi

kritikis gamoTqma ar SeiZleba moldovis mier ganxorcielebul

ar

ekisreboda

pasuxismgebloba

ganmcxadeblebis

mier

mcdelobebTan mimarTebaSi, romlebic ukavSirdeboda kontrolis aRdgenas

teritoriis SigniT an ganmcxadebelTa uflebebis dacvas. es, Cemi azriT,

aSkarad marTebulia.

SuRlis da brZolebis periodSi moldovis konstituciuri xelisuflebis

organoebi damarcxdnen, radgan mowinaaRmdege ufro mravalricxovani iyo

da SeiaraReba da sabrZolo Zalac meti hqonda, Sesabamisad, moldovam ver

SeZlo aRedgina kontroli dnestrispireTis teritoriaze. ufro metic,

rogorc es ganaCenSi iqna aRniSnuli, brZolebis dawyebidanve moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebma ara mxolod uaryves separatistebis mier

calmxrivad

gacxadebuli

damoukidebloba,

aramed

aseve

sajarod

ganacxades pretenzia moldovis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli agresiis gamo da

moiTxoves saerTaSoriso mxardaWera. TviT mas Semdegac ki, rodesac

SeiaraRebuli konfliqtebi Sewyda, moldovis xelisuflebis organoebs ar

gaaCndaT praqtikuli SesaZlebloba, aRedginaT konstituciuri wyoba

teritoriis SigniT. moldovis xelisufleba awydeboda reJims, romelsac

samxedro, politikuri da ekonomikuri TvalsazrisiT zurgs umagrebda

ruseTis federacia. me ar SemiZlia davinaxo raime saxis dumiliT

gamoxatuli Tanxmoba moldovis xelisuflebis organoebis mxridan

terotoriaze

arsebul

ukanono

administraciuli

xelisuflebis

organoebTan mimarTebaSi; sapirispirod, rogorc amas mtkicebulebebi

warmoaCens da ganaCeni aRniSnavs, moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi

agrZelebdnen separatistuli reJimis dagmobas da TavianTi suverenitetis

gacxadebas teritoriaze, rogorc qveynis SigniT, aseve saerTaSoriso

doneze. magaliTad, 1994 wels moldovam miiRo axali konstitucia,

romelic iTvaliswinebda, inter alia, dnestrispireTisaTvis garkveuli

avtonomiis miniWebas; imave wels moldovam xeli moawera ruseTis

federaciasTan SeTanxmebas moldovis teritoriidan ruseTis jarebis sami

wlis ganmavlobaSi srulad gayvanasTan dakavSirebiT.

12. rac Seexeba individualuri ganmcxadeblebis mdgomareobas, maTi

dakaveba, patimroba da maT mimarT cixeSi ganxorcielebuli mopyroba ara

marto ar Seeracxeba moldovis xelisuflebis organoebs, aramed, rogorc

es ganaCenSia xazgasmuli, araferi mianiSnebs imaze, rom adgili hqonda

saidumlo molaparakebebs an dumiliT gamoxatul Tanxmobas moldovis

mxridan konvenciis darRvevasTan dakavSirebul nebismier qmedebasTan

mimarTebaSi, rasac ukavSirdeboda saCivari. piriqiT, mtkicebulebebi

warmoaCens,

rom

saxelmwifos

aRmasrulebelma

da

sasamarTlo

xelisuflebis organoebma gadadges mravali nabiji, raTa xazi gaesvaT im

ukanonobisaTvis, rac ganxorcielda, da uzrunveleyoT ganmcxadeblebis

gaTavisufleba. kerZod, gauqmebuli iqna ganmcxadebelTa msjavrdeba, aRiZra

sisxlis samarTalwarmoeba im pirebis winaaRmdeg, vinc pasuxismgebelni

iyvnen ganmcxadebelTa saqmis gamoZiebasa da maT mimarT msjavrdebis

gamotanaze, separatistebis liderebTan da ruseTis federaciasTan

gamarTuli molaparakebebisas sistematurad iyo wamoWrili ganmcxadebelTa

gaTavisuflebis sakiTxi.

13. moldovis mier gakeTebul daTqmaSi, romelic Tan erTvoda konvenciis

ratificirebis instruments da deponirebuli iqna 1997 wlis 12 seqtembers,

aRniSnuli iyo, rom moldovas `ar SeeZlo uzrunveleyo konvenciis

debulebebis Sesruleba im umoqmedobasa da moqmedebebTan mimarTebaSi,

romlebic ganxorcielebuli iqneboda dnestrispireTis TviTgamocxadebuli

respublikis organoebis mier amave organoebis mier kontrolirebad

teritoriaze im dromde, sanam regionSi arsebuli konfliqti sabolood ar

gadaiWreboda~. maSin, rodesac sasamarTlom mis mierve gamotanil

dasaSvebobis gadawyvetilebaSi gadawyvita, rom daTqma ar iyo vargisi

konvenciis 57-e muxlis miznebidan gamomdinare, aranairi dava ar arsebobs

imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom daTqma warmoadgenda ratificirebis dRisaTvis

arsebuli faqtobrivi situaciis zust gacxadebas.

14. 1997 wlis seqtembris Semdgom periodTan mimarTebaSi sasamarTlom

gaakritika

moldova.

vinaidan

aRiarebulia,

rom

moldova

ver

axorcielebda kontrols dnestrispireTis teritoriis SigniT, araferi

miuTiTebs imaze, rom saxelmwifos ekisreba pirdapiri pasuxismgebloba

konvenciis

umravlesobam

darRvevebTan

daadgina,

dakavSirebul

rom moldovis

saCivrebTan

mimarTebaSi;

aseTi

pasuxismgebloba

darRvevebisaTvis saxeze iyo mis mier pozitiuri valdebulebebis

ganuxorcieleblobisaTvis, rac gulisxmobda sakmarisi, efeqturi da

Sesabamisi

nabijebis

ganxorcielebas

ganmcxadebelTa

konvenciiT

garantirebuli uflebebis uzrunvelyofisaTvis. Tumca mosamarTleebi,

romlebic umravlesobas warmoadgenen, iyofian imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu

zustad

romeli

dRidan

ekisreba

moldovas

pasuxismgebloba

valdebulebebis ganuxorcieleblobisaTvis da, Sesabamisad, rodidan iwyeba

konvenciis dadasturebuli darRvevisaTvis moldovis pasuxismgebloba.

mosamarTleTa erTi nawili (`pirveli jgufi~), romelTa Sexedulebac

asaxulia mosamarTle kasadevalis nawilobriv gansxvavebul mosazrebaSi,

Tvlis, rom moldovam ar ganaxorciela masze dakisrebuli pozitiuri

valdebulebebi 1997 wlis seqtemberSi konvenciis ZalaSi Sesvlis dRidan

da, Sesabamisad, moldova pasuxismgebelia konvenciis darRvevebze am

dRidan,

warmodgenilia TviT ganaCenSi, Tvlis, rom pozitiuri valdebulebebis

darRveva ganxorcielda 2001 wlis maisis Semdeg da moldovis

pasuxismgebloba ar aris saxeze am TariRamde ganxorcielebul

sxva

nawili

(`meore

jgufi~),

romelTa

Sexedulebebic

movlenebTan mimarTebaSi, maT Soris im movlenebTan mimarTebaSic,

romlebic exeba b-n ilaSkus, romelic gaTavisuflebuli iqna patimrobidan

zustad 2001 wlis maisSi. aucilebelia, rom ganvixiloT mosamarTleTa

orive nawilis argumentebi da me pirvel rigSi ganvixilav im mosazrebas,

romelic gulisxmobs moldovis ufro farTo pasuxismgeblobas.

(a) pasuxismgebloba 1997 wlis Semdeg

15. mosamarTleTa pirveli nawilis daskvna, rom moldovam daarRvia masze

dakisrebuli pozitiuri valdebulebebi konvenciis ZalaSi Sesvlis dRidan,

emyareba sam ZiriTad principul faqtors:

(a) moldovis mier savaraudo mcdelobebis Semcirebas dnestrispireTze

kontrolis damyarebasTan dakavSirebiT da amave mcdelobebis Semcirebas

diplomatiur qmedebebTan mimarTebaSi;

(b) administraciuli, ekonomikuri, politikuri, uSiSroebisa da sxva

sferoebSi arsebul TanamSromlobas moldovasa da dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis organoebs Soris; da

(g)

RonisZiebebis

Semcirebas

moldovis

mier

ganmcxadeblebis

gaTavisuflebasTan mimarTebaSi.

marTebuli iqneba, rom jer ganvixiloT TiToeuli faqtori, romlebic arc

erTobliobaSi da arc individualurad ar amarTleben saxelmwifo

pasuxismgeblobis dadgenas moldovasTan mimarTebaSi.

16. rac Seexeba pirvel faqtors, romelzec moxda dayrdnoba, marTlac Cans,

rom

ganxorcieleba, romelTa daniSnulebasac warmoadgenda dnestripireTis

teritoriaze uflebamosilebis damyareba. kerZod, ganmcxadebelTa

Semcirda

moldovis

mier

iseTi

sasamarTlo

RonisZiebebis

winaaRmdeg mimarTuli danaSaulebis gamoZieba (xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT

gamoZiebis warmarTvis brZaneba gasca uzenaesma sasamarTlom) ar yofila

realurad ganxorcielebuli da sisxlis samarTalwarmoeba hlinaias cixis

ufrosis winaaRmdeg, romelic aRiZra 2000 wlis 16 agvistos, ar

gagrZelebula. garda amisa, imave dRes gauqmebulad iqna gamocxadebuli

1993 wlis 28 dekembers gamoZiebis aRZvris dadgenileba im pirebis

winaaRmdeg, romlebic monawileobdnen ganmcxadebelTa winaaRmdeg aRZrul

samarTalwarmoebaSi.

17.

me

did

mniSvnelobas

ar

vaniWeb

xsenebuli

RonisZiebebis

ganuxorcieleblobas – es RonisZiebebi wlebis ganmavlobaSi araefeqturi

iyo da ver mouRo bolo mimdinare danaSauls an ukanono reJims, romelic

arsebobda teritoriaze; xsenebuli RonisZiebebis realuri efeqti mxolod

simboluri iyo. pirvelma jgufma specialurad xazi gausva im faqts, rom

brldebebis

gadakvalificirebiT

im

pirebis

winaaRmdeg,

romlebic

monawileobdnen ganmcxadebelTa saqmis gamoZiebasa da maT msjavrdebaSi

2000 wlis 16 agvistos, moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma ar

ganaxorcieles

gamoZieba

im

safuZvelze,

rom

samarTalwarmoebis

xandazmulobis vada gasuli iyo da eWvmitanili pirebi uars ambobdnen

gamoZiebisaTvis daxmarebis aRmoCenaze gamoZiebis warmarTvaSi. maSin,

rodesac, rogorc es pirveli jgufis mosazrebaSia warmodgenili,

SesaZlebelia eWvis gamoTqma sisxlissamarTlebrivi gamoZiebis warmarTvis

seriozulobaSi, rasac xelisuflebis organoebi axorcielebdnen 7 wlis

ganmavlobaSi braldebebis gadakvalificirebamde, saxeze ar aris aranairi

mtkicebuleba, rom danaSaulis gadakvalificirebis gadawyvetileba an is

gadawyvetileba,

romelic

ukavSirdeboda

braldebaTa

gauqmebas

SidasamarTliT gaTvaliswinebuli xandazmulobis vadis gasvlis gamo,

warmoadgenda iseT gadawyvetilebebs, romlebic miRebuli ar iyo

keTilsindisierad

da

samarTlian

safuZvelze.

ufro

metic,

marTlmsajulebis organoebis mier ganxorcielebuli midgoma, Cemi azriT,

aranairad ar metyvelebs imaze, rom moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma

uari

Tqves

yvela

mcdelobaze,

raTa

aRedginaT

kontroli

arakontrolirebad teritoriaze.

18. rogorc amas ganaCeni adgens, 1998 wels da mas Semdeg moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebis mcdelobebi ufro metad mimarTuli iyo

diplomatiuri

qmedebebisaken,

romelTa

daniSnulebas

warmoadgenda

situaciis srulad mogvareba regionSi da konstituciuri wyobis aRdgena

dnestrispireTis teritoriaze. kerZod, 1998 wlis martSi moldovis,

ruseTis

federaciis,

ukrainisa

da

dnestrispireTis

regionis

xelisuflebis organoebma xeli moaweres ramdenime aqts dnestrispireTSi

konfliqtis mogvarebis mizniT (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 97-e punqti);

ramdenime

Sexvedra

da

molaparakeba

gaimarTa

moldovisa

da

dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebis warmomadgenlebs Soris imave

mizniT (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 103-e-104-e da 171-e punqtebi); da 2002

wlidan dRemde moldovas, ruseTis federaciisa da euTo-s Soris

warmodgenili da ganxiluli iqna mravali winadadeba konfliqturi

situaciis mogvarebasTan dakavSirebiT (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 106-e-109-e

punqtebi). me ver vxedav veranair mizezs imisaTvis, rom eWvi Sevitano

moldovis mTavrobis argumentSi, romelic gamyarebuli iqna b-ni sturcas

mier warmodgenili CvenebiT (ix. danarTi, punqtebi 309-13) da b-ni sidorovis

CvenebiT (ix. danarTi punqti 446), rom strategiis es cvlileba

diplomatiur midgomebTan dakavSirebiT miznad isaxavda dnestrispireTis

teritoriis dabrunebas moldovis iurisdiqciaSi da amiT

ganxorcieldeboda teritoriaze mcxovreb pirTa konstituciuri uflebebis

aRdgena, maT Soris ganmcxadebelTa uflebebisac. me ar SemiZlia moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebis mier ganxorcielebul mcdelobebSi, romlebic

miznad isaxavda konfliqtis srul mogvarebas, davinaxo raime, rac

mianiSnebs separatistebis reJimisaTvis gaweul mxardaWeraze an dumiliT

gamoxatul Tanxmobaze reJimis mier teritoriaze uflebamosilebis

ganxorcielebasTan dakavSirebiT.

19. dayrdnoba im argumentze, rom xorcieldeboda TanamSromloba

separatistul xelisuflebasTan, Cemi azriT, imave WrilSi unda iqnes

ganxiluli.

sagangebo

yuradRebaa

gamaxvilebuli

pirveli

jgufis

mosazrebaSi ekonomikur TanamSromlobaze, SeTanxmebebze, urTierTobebis

damyarebaze moldovis parlamentsa da e.w. `mdr-s parlaments~ Soris,

policiisa da uSiSroebis sakiTxebSi TanamSromlobaze, TanamSromlobaze

sxva sferoebSi, rogoric aris sahaero gzebis kontroli, satelefono

kavSirebi da sporti. moldovis mTavrobam warmoadgina argumenti, rom

xsenebuli TanamSromlobis RonisZiebebi mimarTuli iyo im pirebis

yoveldRiuri

cxovrebis

gaumjobesebisaken,

romlebic

cxovrobdnen

dnestrispireTis teritoriaze, da maTTvis cxovrebis maqsimalurad

normaluri pirobebis Seqmnisaken. aranairi damajerebeli safuZveli ar

yofila warmodgenili eWvis Sesatanad imaSi, rom swored es warmoadgenda

namdvil mizans – mizans, romelic pirveli jgufis mosazrebaSi qebas

imsaxurebs – da gamomdinare miznis xasiaTidan da SezRuduli saxidan,

RonisZiebebi, Cemi azriT, ar SeiZleba danaxuli iqnes imgvarad, rom

uCendes raime saxis daxmarebas dnestrispireTis reJims. sapirispirod,

xsenebuli RonisZiebebi warmoadgens moldovis mier imis damtkicebas, rom

mas gaaCnda survili, aRedgina kontroli mis srul teritoriaze.

20. pirveli jgufi akritikebs im faqts, rom teritoriaze mcxovrebTa

pirobebis

xelisuflebis

ganmcxadebelTa

gaumjobesebisaken

organoebma

gadadgmuli

nabijebiT

igive

rodesac

moldovis

gulmodgineba

sasamarTlo

ar

gamoamJRavnes

bedTan

mimarTebaSic.

maSin,

amtkicebs, rom mis kompetenciaSi ar Sedis moldovis mier iseT

mniSvnelovan sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT ganxorcielebuli politikuri

strategiis

mTlianobis

Sesabamisobis

dacva, pirvelma

Sefaseba,

rogoric

aris

teritoriuli

rom moldovis

jgufma

daadgina,

xelisuflebis organoebs mainc rCebaT valdebuleba, `ganaxorcielon maT

xelT arsebuli yvela RonisZieba, iqneba es politikuri, diplomatiuri,

ekonomikuri,

uzrunvelyofili

sasamarTlo

iqnes

Tu

konvenciiT

sxva

xasiaTis

RonisZiebebi...,

raTa

garantirebuli

uflebebis

ganxorcieleba im pirebTan mimarTebaSi, romlebic imyofebian maT

iurisdiqciaSi da, Sesabamisad, yvela im pirTan mimarTebaSi, romlebic

imyofebian moldovis sazRvrebSi~. Tumca garda imisa, rom me ar veTanxmebi

im mosazrebas, rom dnestrispireTis teritoria unda CaiTvalos moldovis

`iurisdiqciaSi~ konvenciis miznebisaTvis, xsenebuli kritika, Cemi azriT,

ar iTvaliswinebs, rom politikuri strategiis mTavar mizans warmoadgenda

da warmoadgens konstituciuri marTlwesrigis aRdgena separatistTa

teritoriaze, rac kvlavac rCeba umniSvnelovanes winapirobad teritoriaze

myofi

pirebisaTvis,

maT

Soris

ganmcxadeblebisTvisac,

konvenciiT

garantirebuli uflebebis uzrunvelyofisaTvis.

21.

1997

wlis

Semdeg

moldovis

xelisuflebis

organoebis

mier

ganmcxadeblebis konvenciiT garantirebuli uflebebis ganxorcielebasTan

dakavSirebuli mcdelobebis savaraudo ganuxorcielebloba warmoadgens

mesame umniSvnelovanes faqtors, romelsac mosamarTleTa xsenebuli jgufi

eyrdnoba. gamoTqmulia pretenzia, rom ratificirebis dRis Semdeg

ganmcxadeblebis uflebebis dacvasTan dakavSirebuli mcdelobebi `ar iqna

ganxorcielebuli myarad, mtkiced da mizanswrafulad, rac moiTxoveboda

im seriozuli situaciidan gamomdinare, romelSic ganmcxadeblebi iyvnen~.

rogorc

ganxorcielebuli RonisZiebebi ganmcxadeblebis uflebebis dacvasTan

dakavSirebiT Semoifargleboda mxolod dnestrispireTSi eqimebis

gagzavniT, raTa gaesinjaT ganmcxadeblebi, ganmcxadebelTa ojaxebisaTvis

finansuri daxmarebis aRmoCeniT da b-ni sturcas saSualebiT

ganmcxadebelTa gaTavisuflebis mcdelobiT.

aRniSnulia,

xsenebuli

dRis

Semdeg

moldovis

mier

22. CemTvis Znelia xsenebuli kritikis gageba im moculobiT, ra

moculobiTac igi exeba 1997 wlis Semdgom periods 2001 wlamde. b-nma

moSanum warmoadgina mtkicebuleba, rom ganmcxadebelTa sakiTxi wamoweuli

iyo euTo-s Sexvedrebze, ucxo saxelmwifoebTan gamarTul Sexvedrebze da

parlamentTaSorisi gaerTianebis Sexvedrebze (ix. danarTi, punqti 249).

yofili iusticiis ministrisa da dnestrispireTTan molaparakebis

komitetis Tavmjdomaris b-ni sturcas CvenebaSi, romelic ar gamxdara

kamaTis sagani, naTqvami iyo, rom 1997 wlis Semdeg igi agrZelebda

ganmcxadebelTa sakiTxis wamowevas separatistuli xelisuflebis winaSe.

swored xsenebuli molaparakebebis Semdeg gaemgzavra b-ni sturca

dnestrispireTSi 2001 wlis aprilSi, raTa kiSiniovSi Camoeyvana oTxive

ganmcxadebeli. b-ni sturca darwmunebuli iyo, rom maT gaaTavisuflebdnen

(ix. danarTi, punqti 312) da,

sasamarTlos winaSe warmodgenili

mtkicebulebebis Tanaxmad, swored am molaparakebebis Sedegi iyo, rom b-ni

ilaSku gaTavisuflebuli iqna momdevno TveSi. gamomdinare im faqtidan,

rom moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi kvlavac imedovnebdnen darCenili

ganmcxadeblebis gaTavisuflebas, mosamarTleTa pirveli jgufisagan

gansxvavebiT, me ver vxedav verafer gasakvirs, rom b-n Sevcovs neba darTes,

Sesuliyo moldovaSi da Caeyvana b-ni ilaSku `raime pasuxismgeblobis

dakisrebis gareSe im qmedebebisaTvis, romlebic man ganaxorciela reJimis

samsaxurSi~.

23. Sesabamisad, me SemiZlia daveTanxmo mosamarTleTa meore jgufis _

romlebic warmoadgenen umravlesobas

_

mosazrebas, rom moldovis

pasuxismgebloba ar iyo saxeze konvenciis im darRvevebTan mimarTebaSi,

romlebic ganxorcielda 2001 wlamde. pasuxi gasacemi rCeba kiTxvaze,

saxeze iyo Tu ara aseTi pasuxismgebloba xsenebuli dRis Semdeg.

(b) pasuxismgebloba 2001 wlis maisis Semdeg

24. meore jgufis daskvna, rom moldovis pasuxismgebloba saxeze iyo 2001

wlis maisis Semdeg, ar emyareba moldovis mier dnestrispireTis

teritoriaze

RonisZiebebis

kontrolis

Semcirebas

damyarebisaken

xsenebuli dRis

mimarTuli

Semdeg;

sasamarTlo

sapirispirod

mosamarTleTa meore jgufis mosazrebisa, moldovis mxridan mcdelobebis

Semcireba ar unda iqnes aRqmuli moldovis mxridan regionSi iurisdiqciis

aRdgenis mcdelobebis Semcirebad, imis ramdenime faqtis gaTvaliswinebiT,

romlebic moldovam ganaxorciela, magram dablokili iqna `mdr~-s

winaaRmdegobis Sedegad 2001 da 2002 wlebSi (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 344-e

punqti). amis nacvlad meore jgufis dasabuTeba ZiriTadad emyareboda

mtkicebulebebis ararsebobas, rom radgan ganxorcielebuli iqna b-ni

ilaSkus

gaTavisuflebasTan

dakavSirebuli

efeqturi

RonisZiebebi

moldovis xelisuflebis organoebis mier, raTa bolo moReboda mis

mimarT konvenciiT garantirebuli uflebebis gangrZobad darRvevas,

analogiuri mcdelobebi ar ganxorcielebula sxva ganmcxadeblebTan

mimarTebaSi. mosazrebaSi naTqvamia, rom b-ni sturcas mtkicebulebis garda

imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom ganmcxadeblebis situaciis sakiTxs moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebi mudmivad wamoWridnen xolme `mdr~-s reJimTan

gamarTuli konsultaciebisas, `sasamarTlos ar gaaCnia sxva aranairi

informacia, romelsac SeuZlia daasabuTos is daskvna, rom moldovis

mTavroba keTilsindisierad asrulebda masze dakisrebul movaleobebs

ganmcxadeblebTan mimarTebaSi (ix. ganaCenis 348-e punqti).

25. simarTles warmoadgens is faqti, rom 2001 wlis maisis Semdeg

molaparakebebi

dnestrispireTisa

da

ruseTis

federaciis

warmomadgenlebTan ZiriTadad ufro konfliqtis srul mogvarebas exeboda,

vidre patimrobaSi myofi sami ganmcxadeblis konkretul situacias. ufro

metic, b-ni sturcas mtkicebulebis Tanaxmad, xsenebuli dRis Semdeg b-nma

smirnovma uari ganacxda Semdgom Sexvedrebze, raTa ganexila patimrobaSi

myofi ganmcxadeblebis sakiTxi (ix. danarTi, punqti 313). Tumca imave mowmis

mtkicebulebis

molaparakebebi moicavda ara marto iseT sakiTxs, rogoric aris is, Tu ra

unda ganxorcielebuliyo im ganaCenebTan mimarTebaSi, romlebic

Tanaxmad,

romelic

ar

gamxdara

kamaTis

sagani,

Sefardebuli iyo dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebis mier gasuli

10 wlis ganmavlobaSi, aramed imasac, rogorc es ganaCenSia aRwerili, rom

tiraspolis xelisuflebaSi dnestrispireTis saiTxebze mis kolegasTan

gamarTuli molaparakebisas b-ni sturca agrZelebda sami ganmcxadeblis

gaTavisuflebis sakiTxis wamoWras (ix. danarTi, punqti 309).

26.

aRiarebuli

iqna

ra,

rom

xsenebuli

mcdelobebi

marTlac

ganxorcielda, dayrdnoba ganaCenSi moxda im faqtze, rom ganmcxadebelTa

situaciasTan dakavSirebiT sakiTxi wamoiWra mxolod sityvierad da

sasamarTlosaTvis ar iyo cnobili raime iseTi gegma dnestrispireTis

konfliqtis mogvarebasTan dakavSirebiT, romelic aseve zegavlenas

moaxdenda ganmcxadeblebis situaciaze (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 348-e

punqti).

aseve

aRniSnulia,

rom

sasamarTlos

winaSe

ar

yofila

warmodgenili raime saxis mtkicebuleba moldovis xelisuflebis mxridan

ruseTis federaciisadmi ganxorcielebul midgomasTan dakavSirebiT,

romelic miznad daisaxavda darCenili ganmcxadeblebis gaTavisuflebas

(ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 349-e punqti). maSin, rodesac orive xsenebuli

sakiTxi WeSmaritebas warmoadgens, me veranairad ver var darwmunebuli,

rom xsenebuli werilobiTi masalebis uqonloba amyarebs umravlesobis

daskvnas, rom moldovam ar ganaxorciela sakmarisi, efeqturi da Sesabamisi

RonisZiebebi, raTa ganmcxadeblebisaTvis uzrunveleyo konvenciiT

garantirebuli uflebebi. kidev ufro naklebad SemiZlia miviRo is, rom

sasamarTlos winaSe warmodgenili mtkicebuleba mianiSnebs moldovis

mTavrobis

mier

dumiliT

gamoxatul

Tanxmobaze

danarCeni

sami

ganmcxadeblis gangrZobad patimrobasTan mimarTebaSi.

27. xsenebuli mizezebidan gamomdinare me davaskveni, rom ganmcxadeblebi

saqmeSi mocemul arc erT momentSi ar xvdebodnen moldovis

`iurisdiqciaSi~ konvenciis 1-li muxlis miznebisaTvis, rom moldovas ar

daurRvevia ganmcxadeblebTan mimarTebaSi imave muxliT masze dakisrebuli

valdebulebebi da, Sesabamisad, saxeze ar aris moldovis pasuxismgebloba

konvenciis

savaraudo

darRvevasTan

dakavSirebiT,

rogorc

amas

ganmcxadeblebi amtkiceben, arc 2001 wlis winmswreb da arc Semdgom

periodSi.

28. xsenebulidan gamomdinareobs, rom me ara mxolod xma ar miveci im

gadawyvetilebis

garantirebuli uflebebis darRvevas moldovis mxridan, aramed aseve xma

ar miveci im daskvnas, rom moldova valdebulia, gadauxados

sasargeblod,

rom

adgili

hqonda

konvenciiT

ganmcxadeblebs samarTliani dakmayofileba. me daveTanxme umravlesobas

yvela sxva sakiTxSi ganaCenis samotivacio nawilTan dakavSirebiT (maT

Soris im nawilSic, rom moldovam ar ganaxorciela masze 34-e muxliT

dakisrebuli valdebuleba), garda im nawilisa, romelic gulisxmobs

kompensaciis mikuTvnebas 21 (g) punqtSi moraluri zianisaTvis ruseTis

federaciis

mier

34-e

muxliT

dakisrebuli

valdebulebebis

Seusruleblobis gamo. Cemi azriT, im SemTxvevaSic ki, Tu valdebulebis

aseTi Seusrulebloba warmoadgens `konvenciis darRvevas~ konvenciis 41-e

muxlisaTvis, raTa nebadarTuli iqnes samarTliani dakmayofilebis

miniWeba, rasac me saeWvod vTvli, me ar mimaCnia, rom winamdebare saqmeSi

unda momxdariyo samarTliani dakmayofilebis miniWeba 34-e muxlis

darRvevisaTvis.

mosamarTle lukadesis nawilobriv gansxvavebuli azri

pirvel rigSi me msurs gavimeoro is mosazreba, romelic gamovTqvi saqmeSi

Assanidze v. Georgia ([GC] no. 71503/01, ECHR 2004-II) konvenciis 1-l muxlSi

xsenebul cneba `iurisdiqciasTan~ dakavSirebiT da romelic ganxiluli

iqna winamdebare ganaCenis 310-e-314-e da 319-e punqtebSi.

`Cemi azriT, `iurisdiqcia~ niSnavs xelisuflebas, anu saxelmwifos neba-

survilis dakisrebasa da moxvevas nebismier pirze maRali xelSemkvreli

mxaris teritoriaze Tu teritoriis gareT. amitom maRali xelSemkvreli

mxare konvenciis Tanaxmad pasuxismgebelia nebismieri piris winaSe, romlis

mimarTac pirdapir xorcieldeba qmedeba aseTi xelSemkvreli mxaris

xelisuflebis mier msoflios nebismier wertilSi. xelisuflebis aseTi

ganxorcieleba SesaZlebelia ramdenime formiT da SeiZleba iyos

kanonieric da ukanonoc. Cveulebrivi forma mdgomareobs samTavrobo

xelisuflebaSi maRali mxaris teritoriaze. magram igi SesaZloa

gavrceldes im xelisuflebamde, romelic gulisxmobs sxva teritoriaze

sruli kontrolis formas, miuxedavad imisa, rom SesaZlebelia igi

kanonier Tu ukanono formas atarebdes (saqmeze Loizidou v. Turkey (pirveladi

pretenzia) gamotanili ganaCeni, 1995 wlis 23 marti, seria A #. 310), aSkarad

okupirebuli teritoriebi (Cyprus v. Turkey [GC], # 25781/94, ECHR-2001-IV). igi

aseve SesaZloa gavrceldes xelisuflebaze, romelic SeiZleba gamoxatuli

iqnes dominanturobis an sxva saxelmwifos mTavrobisaTvis politikuri,

finansuri, samxedro Tu sxva arsebiTi mxardaWeris gziT masze efeqturi

zegavleniT. da, Cemi azriT, mas SesaZloa gaaCndes forma sxva saxelmwifos

nebismieri saxis samxedro Tu sxva qmedebis saxiT Sesabamisi maRali mxaris

nawilSi msoflios nebismier wertilSi (ix. sapirispirod saqme Bankovic and

Others v. Belgium and Others (dec.) [GC], no. 52207/99, ECHR 2001-XII, romelic zemoT

aris naxsenebi).

ganxilva yovelTvis unda warimarTos im mimarTulebiT, rom pirma,

romelic acxadebs, rom imyofeba im saxelmwifos `iurisdiqciaSi~, romelic

aris konvenciis maRali xelSemkvreli mxare, da Civis, rom daerRva

uflebebi calkeuli qmedebis Sedegad, SeZlos warmoaCinos, rom Sesabamisi

qmedeba

warmoadgenda

Sesabamisi

saxelmwifos

xelisuflebis

ganxorcielebis Sedegs. nebismieri sxva ganmarteba, romelic gamoricxavs

maRali

romlebic

xelSemkvreli

warmoadgenda

mxaris

pasuxismgeblobas

im

qmedebebisaTvis,

ganxorcielebis

saxelmwifo

xelisuflebis

Sedegs, migviyvanda im absurdul mosazrebamde, rom konvencia awesebs

adamianis uflebaTa pativiscemis valdebulebas mxolod im teritoriaze,

romelic imyofeba aseTi mxaris kanonieri Tu ukanono kontrolis qveS da

aRniSnuli konteqstis gareT, yuradReba rom ar mivaqcioT gamonaklis

garemoebebs (romelTa arseboba gadawyvetili iqneba TiToeul saqmeSi),

Sesabamis mxare-saxelmwifos SeuZlia imoqmedos dausjelad qmedebaTa im

standartebis darRveviT, romlebic dadgenilia konvenciaSi. me mjera, rom

konvenciis debulebaTa gonivrulma ganmartebam misi obieqtis WrilSi unda

migviyvanos im daskvnamde, rom konvencia uzrunvelyofs qcevis kodeqss

yoveli maRali xelSemkvreli mxarisaTvis, yovelTvis, rodesac isini

axorcieleben saxelmwifo xelisuflebas da aRniSnuls garkveuli

Sedegebi moaqvs individualuri pirebisaTvis~.

me msurs ganvavrco Cemi zemoxsenebuli midgoma da davamato, rom

saxelmwifo aseve pasuxismgebeli SeiZleba iyos konvenciis Sesabamisi

pozitiuri valdebulebebis ganuxorcieleblobis gamo nebismier im pirTan

mimarTebaSi, romelic iyo misi pirdapiri uflebamosilebis qveS, an Tu

saxelmwifos SeeZlo uflebamosileba ganexorcielebina iribad im

teritoriaze, romelzec piri imyofeba.

zemoxsenebulisa da saqmis arsebuli faqtebis da ganaCenSi aRwerili

garemoebebis WrilSi me veTanxmebi umravlesobas, rom ganmcxadeblebi

xvdebian ruseTis federaciis `iurisdiqciaSi~ konvenciis 1-li muxlis

miznebisaTvis

da

ruseTis

federaciis

pasuxismgebloba

saxezea

gasaCivrebul qmedebebTan mimarTebaSi. rogorc es marTebulad iqna

aRniSnuli ganaCenSi, damtkicebuli iqna, rom `mdr~-s, romelic Seiqmna 1991-

1992

wlebSi

ruseTis

federaciis

daxmarebiT,

gaaCnia

sakuTari

saxelisuflebo da administraciuli organoebi, romlebic, Tavis mxriv,

imyofebian ruseTis federaciis efeqturi kontrolis an, sul mcire,

arsebiTi zegavlenis qveS da nebismier SemTxvevaSi igi arsebobas

ganagrZobs ruseTis federaciis samxedro, ekonomikuri, finansuri da

politikuri mxardaWeriT~ (winamdebare ganaCenis 392-e punqti).

magram me ar veTanxmebi umravlesobas imaSi, rom ganmcxadeblebi xvdebian

moldovis `iurisdiqciaSi~ da moldova pasuxismgebelia im pozitiuri

valdebulebebis ganuxorcieleblobaze, romlebic gulisxmobs efeqturi

da Sesabamisi RonisZiebebis warmarTvas ganmcxadebelTa konvenciiT

garantirebuli uflebebis uzrunvelyofis mizniT. araferi ar mianiSnebs

imaze, rom moldovas gaaCnda raime saxis pirdapiri an arapirdapiri

uflebamosilebis ganxorcielebis SesaZlebloba teritoriaze, sadac

ganmcxadeblebi imyofebodnen patimrobaSi.

arc erTi faqtori, romelic gamoTqmuli iqna umravlesobis mier miRebul

daskvnaSi, rom moldovas gaaCnda iurisdiqcia ganmcxadeblebze, Cemi azriT,

ar SeiZleba ganxiluli iqnes rogorc mimaniSnebeli imaze, rom xdeboda

iurisdiqciis ganxorcieleba an misi ganxorcielebisagan Tavis Sekaveba

ganmcxadeblebTan

mimarTebaSi.

xsenebulTan

dakavSirebiT

me

aseve

vuerTdebi ser nikolas bratcas mier nawilobriv gansxvavebuli azris me-

15-26-e punqtebSi gamoTqmul mosazrebas.

nebismier SemTxvevaSi imisaTvis, rom dadgenili iqnes, rom arsebobs

`iurisdiqcia~ garkveul pirebze konvenciis miznebidan gamomdinare

mxolod

imitom,

rom

Sesabamisma

saxelmwifom

ver

ganaxorciela

marTlmsajulebrivi, politikuri, diplomatiuri da ekonomikuri an sxva

saxis RonisZiebebi, rogorc amas umravlesoba aRniSnavs, im mizniT, rom

uzrunveleyo ganmcxadeblebis konvenciiT garantirebuli uflebebi im

pirobebSi, rodesac mTavroba ver axorcielebda Sesabamis pirebze

uflebamosilebas,

gawelavda

da

gazrdida

`iurisdiqciis~

cnebas

ararealur da absurdul donemde. sxva sityvebiT, rom vTqvaT, Cemi azriT,

araswori iqneboda, rom konvenciis maRal xelSemkvrel mxares gaaCndes

`iurisdiqcia~ nebismier pirze, romelic imyofeba misi uflebamosilebis

gareT mxolod imitom, rom igi ar axorcielebs politikur an sxva

RonisZiebebs, romlebic moxseniebulia zogadi terminebiT umravlesobis

mier. amgvari midgoma, Cemi azriT, migviyvanda aralogikur daskvnamde, rom

konvenciis

yvela

xelSemkvrel

mxares

eqneboda

iurisdiqcia

da

daekisreboda pasuxismgebloba im pirTa uflebebis darRvevisaTvis,

romlebic imyofebian maRali xelSemkvreli mxaris nebismier teritoriaze,

maT Soris maT teritoriazec, romelic ar imyofeba saxelmwifos

uflebamosilebis qveS (an de facto, an de jure, anda orive, gaaCnia teritorias),

mxolod imitom, rom ar cdiloben RonisZiebebis gatarebas konvenciiT

garantirebuli uflebebis dacvisaTvis, im saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg,

romelic realurad axorcielebs aseT uflebamosilebas Sesabamis pirebze.

me mjera, rom xelSekrulebis ganmartebas ar unda mivyavdeT iseT

mniSvnelobamde, romelsac mivyavarT calsaxad absurdul Sedegebamde.

Banković and Others-is gadawyvetilebaSi (romelsac me piradad ar veTanxmebi)

sasamarTlos didma palatam daadgina, rom belgradSi Senobebis dabombva,

ramac gamoiwvia 16 moqalaqis daRupva, warmoadgenda eqstrateritoriul

aqts, romelic ar xvdeboda konvenciis xelSemkvreli im saxelmwifoebis

`iurisdiqciaSi~, romlebmac ganaxorcieles dabombva, da xsenebulis gamo

daRupulTa naTesavebis saCivari ar iqna miRebuli da gamocxadda arsebiT

ganxilvaze dauSveblad. CemTvis Zalian gaugebari da ucnauria, rom maRal

xelSemkvrel saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba ar daekisros konvenciis

Tanaxmad im safuZvelze, rom bombebis Camoyra misi TviTmfrinavebidan

dasaxlebul adgilze msoflios nebismier wertilSi ar moiazrebs aseTi

dabombvis

uflebamosilebis

msxverplT

qveS),

am

saxelmwifos

rodesac

`iurisdiqciaSi~

aseTi mxaris

(anu

mier

maSin,

ganuxorcielebloba `mis xelT arsebuli yvela RonisZiebisa, iqneba es

politikuri, diplomatiuri, ekonomikuri, sasamarTlo Tu sxva xasiaTis...

RonisZiebebi, raTa daecva konvenciiT garantirebuli uflebebi maTTvis,

vinc formalurad [de jure] mis iurisdiqciaSia~, magram realurad misi

efeqturi uflebamosilebis farglebs gareT imyofeba, axvedrebs am pirebs

aRniSnuli saxelmwifos iurisdiqciaSi da akisrebs saxelmwifos maT

mimarT pozitiuri valdebulebebis ganxorcielebas.

nebismier SemTxvevaSi me mjera, rom moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma

faqtobrivad yvelaferi gaakeTes, rac gonivrul farglebSi moiTxoveboda

maTgan saqmis konkretul garemoebebSi. ararealuri da usamarTlo

iqneboda, rom dagvekisrebina moldovisaTvis pasuxismgebloba nebismier im

situaciasTan dakavSirebiT, romelic gasaCivrebuli iyo ganmcxadeblebis

mier.

mosamarTle kovleris gansxvavebuli azri

(Targmani)

`sazRvari marTlmsajulebasa da politikas Soris is aRar aris, rac iyo.

aRarc kanonierebis sawyisebi, romlebic nakleb normatiulia da sul ufro

mravlobiTi da mzardad gabneuli xdeba~ (A. Lajoie, Jugements de valeurs, Paris,

PUF, 1997, gv. 207).

vwuxvar, rom ar movxvdi umravlesobaSi da Tumca pativs vcem Cemi

kolegebis mosazrebebs, sajarod minda ganvacxado, konvenciis 45-e muxlis

me-2 punqtis Tanaxmad, Cemi Rrma uTanxmoeba winamdebare saqmeSi didi

palatis ganaCenTan.

Cemi uTanxmoeba exeba analizis meTodologias, faqtebis warmodgenis

maneras, `iurisdiqciisa~ da `pasuxismgeblobis~ cnebaTa analizs da bolos

im daskvnas, romelic miRebuli iqna sasamarTlos mier. Sesabamisad,

valdebulad vTvli Tavs, garkveuli dro davuTmo TiToeul am aspeqts.

I. analizis meTodologia

winamdebare saqme iseTi situaciis magaliTia, romelSic `adamianis

uflebebi warmoadgens politikas~ (M. Gauchet, La démocratie contre elle-même, Paris,

2002, gv. 326). saqmis gansakuTrebuli xasiaTidan gamomdinare, romelSic

ganmcxadebelTa situacia ganuyofelia Zalze rTuli geopolitikuri

konteqstisagan,

sasamarTlos

winaSe

warmodgeba

axali

teritoria,

gamomdinare Sesabamisi mwiri precedentuli samarTlidan. sasamarTlos

ganaCeni winamdebare saqmeSi SesaZloa qmnides axal precedents analogiuri

situaciebisaTvis evropis sabWos wevri saxelmwifoebis konfliqtis sxva

zonebSi, maT Soris im saxelmwifoebSic, romlebic evropis sabWoSi

axlaxans Sevidnen. im konfliqtis istoriuli sawyisebi, romelSic

regionis qveynebi iqnen CaTreulni da `fragmentirebadi imperiis~ efeqti is

niSnebia, romlebic ase axasiaTebs da SeimCneva arc ise Sor balkaneTsa da

kavkasiaSi.

Tumca sasamarTlom (Cemi azriT, SecdomiT) amjobina, daenaxa situacia

kviprosis tipis konfliqtis WrilSi da aRniSnuli situaciis Sesabamisi

precedentuli samarTlis WrilSi moxvedriliyo iseT xafangSi, romelsac

es

precedentuli

samarTali

warmoadgens.

Cemi

azriT,

es

iyo

meTodologiuri Secdoma. zedapirul msgavsebas winamdebare saqmesa da

Loizidou-s saqmes Soris SecdomaSi Seyvana SeuZlia. erTaderTi, rac saerToa

(da rasac me davubrundebi), aris konfliqtis saTave, saxeldobr, qveyanaze

mibmuli

istoriuli, ekonomikuri da kulturuli kavSiriT, gamoyofis Sansi.

xsenebulidan gamomdinare, konfliqtis monawileTa reaqciam da

sazogadoebis,

romelic

gansxvavdeba

qveynisagan

Tavisi

sapirispiro reaqciam hpova danaSaulebrivi formebi da adamianTa

tragediamde migviyvana.

Tumca

TviT

Loizidou-sTan

dakavSirebul

precedentul

samarTalSic

arsebobs bevri gakveTili, romlebic Cven SegviZlia amovikiTxoT, raTa

dagvexmaros naCqarevi da martivi gadawyvetilebebis Tavidan acilebaSi.

Loizidou-s saqmeze Tavis gansxvavebul mosazrebaSi mosamarTle bernhardti,

romelsac daeTanxma mosamarTle lopes roCa, aRniSnavs: `winamdebare

saqmeSi ... dauSvebelia individis situaciis gancalkeveba kompleqsuri

istoriuli ganviTarebisagan da aranakleb kompleqsuri dRevandeli

situaciisagan~. (Loizidou v. Turkey (arsebiTi ganxilva), 1996 wlis 18 dekembris

ganaCeni, moxsenebebi da gadawyvetilebebi, 1996-VI, gv. 2242). kviprosis

gamTlianebasTan dakavSirebuli molaparakebis warumateblobis aRniSvniT,

ramac gamoiwvia ganmcxadeblis situacia, raTa ganevrco, man dasva kiTxva:

`vin aris pasuxismgebeli valdebulebis darRvevisaTvis? mxolod erTi

mxare? SesaZlebelia Tu ara naTeli pasuxis gacema da daskvnis gamotana am

da sxva kiTxvebze?~ (iqve).

meore gansxvavebul mosazrebaSi imave saqmeze mosamarTle petiti acxadebs:

`is pasuxismgebloba, rac aRebuli iqna 1974 wlis gadatrialebis dros, an

romelic warmoiSva TurqeTis jarebis SesvliT imave wels, ra drosac

saerTaSoriso Tanamegobroba orWofobda Tavis mcdelobebSi, gadaeWra

kviprosTan dakavSirebuli saerTaSoriso problema 1974 wlis Semdeg ...,

xsenebuli pasuxismgeblobebi iyo ra sxvadasxva warmomavlobisa da

xasiaTis, ori sazogadoebis (romlebic arian erovnuli umciresobebi,

rogorc es termini aRiqmeba saerTaSoriso samarTalSi) problema ufro

metad warmoadgens politikisa da diplomatiis sakiTxs, vidre evropuli

sasamarTlos gamoZiebis sagans, dafuZnebuls q-ni loizidus saqmesa da 1-

li

oqmiT

gaTvaliswinebuli

uflebis

darRvevaze

(ix.

Loizidou-s

zemoxsenebuli saqme, gv. 2253-54). xsenebuli sityvebiT gamoTqmuli

gafrTxileba

da

am

sityvebSi

Cadebuli

sibrZne

srulad

aris

gamarTlebuli.

samwuxarod, winamdebare saqmeSi sasamarTlom gariska, oTxi ganmcxadeblis

izolirebuli situaciis safuZvelze (radgan, kviprosis situaciisagan

gansxvavebiT, sxva analogiuri SemTxvevebis warmoCinebis aranairi sistema

ar gamomJRavnebula) ganexila kavSiri sxvadasxva: samxedro (ganaCeni

Seicavs analizs dnestrispireTis konfliqtis samxedro mxareebTan

dakavSirebiT da aseve moicavs iaraRis sawyobebis kalkulacias, romelic

Stabbinis

personalze

ukeTesad

aris

warmoebuli),

ekonomikur

(urTierTobis Sefaseba partniorebs Soris, romlebic moqmedebdnen

aTwleulobis ganmavlobaSi imave ekonomikur zonaSi), politikur (Znelia

citatebis moyvana politikuri liderebisa da samxedro personalis

`dauTariRebeli~ gancxadebebidan) problemas Soris. rogorc Cans,

sasamarTlos waredgina uzarmazari raodenobis urTierTsapirispiro

informacia ganmcxadeblebis, sami saxelmwifos (romlebic CarTulni iyvnen

samarTalwarmoebaSi), adgilze mivlenili sagamoZiebo misiis mier da,

Sesabamisad,

xsenebulis

safuZvelze

sasamarTlom

ganaxorciela

uzarmazari da sarwmuno arCeva xsenebuli mtkicebulebebidan. magram

mkacrad

klasifikacia

samarTlebrivi

mieniWebina

sakiTxebi

xalxebis

(magaliTad,

TviTgamorkvevis

ra

samarTlebrivi

uflebisaTvis,

Sesabamis sazRvrebSi, an ganmcxadeblis winaaRmdeg arsebul darRvevebze

mis dapatimrebamde) pasuxgaucemeli darCa. Cemi azriT, xsenebuli

warmoadgenda meore meTodologiur Secdomas, romelmac sxva Secdomebamde

migviyvana.

II. faqtebis warmodgena

iseT rTul da `mgrZnobiare~ saqmeSi, rogoric winamdebare saqmea, saqmis

garemoebebis detaluri da obieqturi warmodgena mniSvnelovan rols

TamaSobs, radgan igi gansazRvravs, Tu rogor unda iqnes saqme ganxiluli,

masTan dakavSirebuli pozitiuri kuTxiT. Cemi azriT, saqmis zogadi

konteqsti warmodgenilia Sejamebulad im saxiT, rac mniSvnelovnad

amaxinjebs faqtebs. es aris ganmcxadeblebis mier Tavsmoxveuli mosazreba,

gasagebia, risken mimarTulic, da swored es mosazreba dominirebs. me

SemiZlia mxolod gamovyo ramdenime faqti da is meTodi, romliTac isini

iqna ganmartebuli da mivyavarT samarTliani poziciis cru warmodgenamde.

saqmis zogadi konteqstis umTavres siZneles warmoadgens moldova-

dnestrispireTis konfliqtis saTavis gansazRvra. marTlac da rTul da

saWoWmano saqmeebSi, rogoric aris Gorzelik and Others v. Poland ([GC], no. 44158/98,

ECHR 2004-I) daAssanidze v. Georgia ([GC], no. 71503/01, ECHR 2004-II), didma palatam

ganixila me-14 saukunis movlenebi imisaTvis, rom moexdina sileziis

problemis analizi (Gorzelik, punqti 13), da ganixila TviT me-11 saukunis

movlenebic ki, raTa naTeli moefina aWaris statusze saqarTvelos

SemadgenlobaSi (Assanidze, punqtebi 100-07). winamdebare saqmeSi is, rac ar

Tqmula, ufro Rirebulia, vidre is, rac iTqva: rumineTisagan besarabiis

nawilis uecari CamoWra 1940 wlis 28 ivniss molotov-ribentropis paqtis

Sedegad da ukrainisgan `dnestris marcxena carieli sanapiros~ gadacema

sabWoTa moldaveTisTvis qmnis STabeWdilebas, rom am mravaleTnikuri

regionis istoriac swored aq iwyeba (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 28-e punqti)

– yovelive es miTiTebuli iyo (da unda iTqvas, rom Zalian SerCeviTi

formiT) euTo-s dokumentSi. magram dokumenti ambobda, rom iseve, rogorc

sxva istoriuli mimoxilva, isic warmoaCinebda regionis istoriis srul

asaxvas, rasac me Zalian mokled Camovayalibeb.

moldovis saTavado, romelic Camoyalibda 1360 wels ungreTidan gamoyofis

Semdeg, 1456 wels moeqca otomanebis imperiis mbrZaneblobis qveS, rac

ramdenime

saukunis

ganmavlobaSi

grZeldeboda.

1711

wels

princi

(gospodari) dimitri kantemiri (romlis Svili antioxic SemTxvevis

wyalobiT unda gamxdariyo cnobili rusi mwerali da emsaxura ruseTis

elCad londonsa da parizSi) SeuTanxmda petre dids, rom igi daicavda

moldovas da es iyo 1791 wels TurqeTsa da ruseT-avstriis koaliciis

omisSemdgomi xelSekrulebis meSveobiT (koaliciis jarebs meTaurobda a.

suvorovi), rodesac ruseTma moipova kontroli dnestris marcxena

sanapiroze, sadac mosaxleobis umravlesoba slavebi iyvnen. 1812 wels

ruseTis imperiasa da TurqeTs Soris ganaxlebuli omis Semdeg buqarestis

xelSekruleba ruseTis imperiaSi aerTianebda moldovis aRmosavleT

nawils, romelic mdebareobs prutsa da dnestrs Soris da romelsac

saxelad erqva besarabia. besarabiis samxreT nawili dasaxlebulia

bulgarelebiT da gaguazebiT (Turqulenovani qristiani xalxi). yirimis

omis (1854-56) Semdeg ruseTma, parizis xelSekrulebis Tanaxmad (1856)

dauTmo besarabia gamarjvebul saxelmwifoebs. xsenebuli teritoria

Sevida rumineTis samefos SemadgenlobaSi, romelic Seiqmna (1859 wels),

magram berlinis xelSekrulebiT (1878) besarabia daubrunda ruseTs da

rumineTma kompensaciis saxiT miiRo dobruja. 1918 wlis ianvarSi rumineTma

moaxdina besarabiis okupireba da adgilobrivi sabWosagan miiRo Tanxmoba

rumineTis samefosTan gaerTianebasTan dakavSirebiT. imave dros ukrainis

direqtoratma (romelic damoukidebeli iyo im dros) gamoacxada Tavisi

suvereniteti dnestris marcxena sanapiroze (im droisaTvis mosaxleobis

48% iyo ukrainelebi, 30% moldovelebi, 9% rusebi da 8,5% ebraelebi), 1924

wels ki Seiqmna moldovis avtonomiuri respublika, mas Semdeg, rac 1924

wels ssrk-m aiZula rumineTi, Caetarebina plebisciti besarabiaSi (venis

molaparakebebi), sanam moaxdenda mis okupirebas 1940 wlis 28 ivniss. es

aris regionis sakamaTo situacia, romelic 1940 wlis Semdeg warmoadgenda

moldovis mTlian teritorias, romlis orive nawilsac gaaCnda Tavisi

istoriuli, ekonomikuri, kulturuli da lingvisturi Taviseburebebi.

xsenebuli Taviseburebebi ar gamoeparaT informirebul damkvirveblebs:

`dnestrispireTi, romlis mosaxleobis umravlesobas warmoadgenen rusebi

da ukrainelebi, yovelTvis ufro axlos iyo ruseTTan, romlis nawilsac

igi warmoadgenda ori saukunis ganmavlobaSi. rodesac ssrk daiSala,

dnestrispireTma uari ganacxada moldovis damoukidebeli pirveli

mTavrobis politikaze rumineTTan gaerTianebasTan dakavSirebiT~ (Libération,

Paris, 1 August 2002).

rac Seexeba enasa da damwerlobas, me ar minda vispekuliro Zalian

delikatur problemaze da vwuxvar, rom sasamarTlo Zalze martiv

mniSvnelobas aniWebs xsenebuls (ix. ganaCenis 28-e punqti), rasac mivyavar

or citatamde. `uZvelesi ruminuli damwerloba TariRdeba 1521 wliT: es

aris boiar neskus mier dawerili werili maior brasovisadmi... xsenebuli

teqstebi

gadmoTargmnilia

slavuridan

(marTlmadidebeli

slavebis

liturgiuli ena da aseve ruminelebis ena), sadac weria rusuli SriftiT...

me-19 saukunemde Tanamedrove ruminuli ena sabolood ar Camoyalibebula,

masze Zlier zegavlenas axdenda franguli

–

xsenebul process

zogierTebi uwodebdnen `relaTinizacias~. swored am dros iyo, rom

laTinurma anbanma Secvala rusuli~. (wyaro: Atlas des peuples de l’Europe Centrale,

Paris, La Découverte, 2002, gv. 137). rac Seexeba enas, romelic gamoiyeneboda, 1978

wlis konstitucia uzrunvelyofda `Tanabar uflebebs erovnuli enis

gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT~ (muxli 34) da `swavla-ganaTlebis erovnul

enaze warmarTvasTan dakavSirebiT~ (muxli 43). arsebuli debulebis

Tanaxmad, `kanonebi da sxva kanonmdebloba... gamoqveynebuli unda iqnes

moldovur

da

rusul

enebze~

(muxli

103)

da

`marTlmsajuleba

xorcieldeba rogorc moldovur da rusul enebze, aseve im enaze,

romelzec laparakobs regionis mosaxleobis umravlesoba~ (muxli 158).

es istoriuli gadaxveva imitom gavakeTe, rom gamemeorebina sasamarTlos

pozicia, romelic gamoxatulia Semdegi saxiT: `sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom man

maqsimalurad unda Seikavos Tavi mxolod im wminda istoriuli movlenebis

ganxilvisagan, romelTa ganxilvis iurisdiqciac sasamarTlos ar gaaCnia;

Tumca sasamarTlos SeuZlia mxedvelobaSi miiRos garkveuli istoriuli

faqtebi, romlebic cnobilia yvelasaTvis, da xsenebulze daafuZnos Tavisi

argumentacia~ (ix. Ždanoka v. Latvia, #. 58278/70, punqti 77, 2004 wlis 17 ivnisi;

ix. aseve Marais v. France, #. 31159/96, komisiis 1996 wlis 24 ivnisis

gadawyvetileba, gadawyvetilebebi da moxsenebebi 86-A, gv. 184, da Garaudy v.

France, #. 65831/01, ECHR 2003-IX). magram, rogorc Cans, Cvens ganaCenSi

`istoriuli faqtebi~ mniSvnelovnad aris damaxinjebuli da Sedegad, Cemda

samwuxarod, garkveul dasabuTebasac analogiuri bedi ewia.

punqtebi 30-41 aranairi garkveuli mimdevrobiT ar asaxaven moldova-

dnestrispireTis konfliqtis dawyebasa da ganviTarebas da aqcents

akeTeben samxedro aspeqtebze, TiTqos mTavari problema yofiliyo me-14

armia da `dosaafis~ (romelic ar iyo saxelmwifo organo maSindeli

kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad) aRWurviloba. rogorc erovnul mosamarTles, me

msurs aRvniSno, rom ssrk-s daSlam 1988-91 wlebSi zegavlena moaxdina ara

mxolod masSi Semaval 15 respublikaze, romlebmac saTiTaod gamoacxades

TavianTi suvereniteti (xSirad aRniSnuls uwodeben `suverenitetebis

aRlums~), aramed iseT teritoriebzec, romlebic iyo mravalerovan

respublikebSi, magaliTad, mTian yarabaxze, afxazeTze, CeCneTze da a.S.

moldovamac ver aicila Tavidan xsenebuli zogadi Zvrebi, gansakuTrebiT

imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom moldovis erovnulma frontma ganacxada Tavisi

survili,

moxseniebuli kanonebi enisa da axali droSis Sesaxeb aRniSnuli

mimarTulebis mxolod pirvel nabijs warmoadgenda. gagauziam,

srulad

gaerTianebuliyo

rumineTTan

da

29-e

punqtSi

Turqulenovanma regionma, pirvelma gamoacxada Tavisi suvereniteti 1990

wlis 18 agvistos, mas mohyva dnestrispireTi 1990 wlis 2 seqtembers.

xsenebuli, Cemi azriT, ar warmoadgenda `moldovis damoukideblobisaTvis

winaaRmdegobis gawevas~ (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 43-e punqti), aramed es

iyo TviTgamorkvevis uflebis uaryofis politika. ar unda daviviwyoT (da

es warmoadgens meore sagans, rac ar Tqmula ganaCenSi), rom moldovis

policiis specdaniSnulebis jarebis mier ganxorcielebuli pirveli

operacia, romelic daiwyo dubasaris `separatistebis~ winaaRmdeg 1990

wlis

12

ivniss,

win

uswrebda

zemoxsenebul

damoukideblobaTa

gamocxadebas da xeli Seuwyo maT daCqarebas.

Cemi azriT, swored am situaciaSi unda eZebna sasamarTlos konfliqtis

saTave, ramac pirdapiri zegavlena moaxdina oTx ganmcxadebelze, da ara

1990 wlis 2 seqtembris damoukideblobis deklaraciaSi, romelic exeboda

`moldovis dnestrispireTis respublikis~ Seqmnas, rogorc amaze miuTiTebs

ganaCenis 30-34 punqtebi.

samarTlebrivad rom vilaparakoT, xsenebuli deklaraciebi ar niSnavda im

areul dros gamoyofis gacxadebas (rasac mowmobs sityva `moldovis~

`mdr~-s dasaxelebaSi), aramed warmoadgenda ufro didi avtonomiurobis

gacxadebis survils, maT Soris referendumis uflebas, romelic

gamoaaSkaravebda saxelmwifos SemadgenlobaSi darCenis survils im

SemTxvevaSi,

Tu

saxelmwifo

gamoacxadebda

gaerTianebas

ucxo

saxelmwifosTan, rac im droisaTvis savsebiT SesaZlebel safrTxed iyo

warmodgenili. `1990 wels pirveli avtonomiuri moZraobebis warmoSobam,

rasac mohyva 1991 wels damoukideblobis gamocxadeba, daaCqara kiSiniovsa

da buqarests Soris gegmis Camoyalibeba, romelic miznad isaxavda

moldovis rumineTSi integracias an mis aneqsirebas. magram gegma, romelic

moldovelebs moswondaT Tavdapirvel etapze, daviwyebas mieca SemdgomSi,

rodesac 1994 wlis 6 marts gamarTul referendumze buqarestis sawyenad

moldovis amomrCevelTa 96,4%-ma xma misca rumineTTan gaerTianebis

winaaRmdeg. magram respublikis damoukideblobis mowinaaRmdege, ufro

metad ki rumineTTan mierTebisadmi mtrulad ganwyobilma slavurma

mosaxleobam, romelic umetesad dnestrispireTSi cxovrobda, 5000

kvadratuli kilometris teritoriaze dnestris aRmosavleTiT, gamoacxada

avtonomiuroba~, _ werda Jan kristofer romeri, profesori, Institut des Hautes

Etudes européennes and the Ecole Spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr (J.-Ch.Romer, Géopolitique de

la Russie, Paris, Economica, 1999, gv. 63).

zemoxsenebul analizs davamateb, rom 1992 wlis TebervalSi moldovis

saxalxo frontma me-2 kongresze gamoacxada moldova, maT Soris

dnestrispireTis regionic, rumineTis ganuyofel nawilad da 1992 wlis

martSi

daiwyo

konfliqti

policiis

specialur

danayofebsa

da

`separatistebs~ Soris. 1992 wlis 19 ivnisi – avad gasaxsenebeli dRe –

gaxda benderSi moldovis specdaniSnulebis Zalebis operaciis dawyebis

dRe. Sedegad daiRupa 416 adamiani mSvidobiani mosaxleobidan. mxolod 1992

wlis 29 ivliss Sevidnen ruseTis mSvidobismyofelebi tiraspolSi ruseT-

moldovas Soris 1992 wlis 21 ivliss gaformebuli xelSekrulebis

safuZvelze. me SemiZlia aRvadgino movlenaTa jaWvi, magram aq gavCerdebi.

me mxolod vambob, rom ganaCenis nawili, romelic exeba `saqmis winmswreb

zogad movlenebs~, ar moicavs mniSvnelovan faqtebs, maSin, rodesac masSi

uxvad aris bundovani citireba politikuri gancxadebebidan, romlebic

asaxavs mxolod calmxriv midgomas movlenebis ganviTarebisadmi. amitomac

advili ar aris, davadginoT, sad aris simarTle. kidev erTxel aRvniSnav,

rom me vgmob am faqts.

aseve wuxils gamovTqvam im faqtTan dakavSirebiT, rom sasamarTlom

mxedvelobaSi ar miiRo 1992 wlis movlenebi (`samSvidobo~ operacia,

romelic

ganaxorcieles

xelisuflebis

centralurma

organoebma,

ajanyebulebis SeiaraRebuli winaaRmdegoba, gardamavali periodi sabWoTa

kavSiris daSlis Semdeg da sxv.) _ realurad forsmaJoruli situacia,

romelSic konfliqtSi pirdapir Tu arapirdapir CarTuli yvela mxare, maT

Soris me-14 armiac, iRebda monawileobas.

me aseve msurs warmogidginoT 1991-92 wlebis SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis

sruliad gansxvavebuli versia, radgan vfiqrob, rom ganaCenis am nawilis

(ix. 42-100 punqtebi) _ romlis mizansac calsaxad warmoadgens konfliqtSi

ruseTis monawileobis da separatistebisaTvis samxedro mxardaWeris

damtkiceba

_

realurad

aranormaluri

masStabi

zemoxsenebuli

meTodologiuri Secdomis Sedegia. TviT saxelmwifoTaSoris saqmeze Cyprus

v. Turkey sasamarTlo ufro `realisturi~ iyo amgvar analizSi da

koncentrirebas axdenda samarTlebriv problemebze.

marTalia, ara maqvs survili, winamdebare teqsti ufro ganvavrco, ar

SemiZlia movaxdino `kazakTa sakiTxis~ ignorireba. ganaCeni imeorebs

ganmcxadebelTa mtkicebas, rom `1988 wels moldovis teritoriaze saerTod

ar iyvnen kazakebi~ (ix. ganaCenis me-60 punqti). me mxolod imis aRniSvna

mindoda, rom dawyebuli 1571-74 wlebidan ukraineli kazakebi monawileobas

iRebdnen moldovelTa ganmaTavisuflebel omSi otomanebis batonobis

winaaRmdeg da Tavisufali kazakebi cxovrobdnen moldovaSi, padoliasa da

zaporoJieSi saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi (ix. sxva wyaroebs Soris Ph.Longworth,

The Cossacks, London, 1969). kazakebi gaxdnen stalinuri teroris msxverplni,

magram isini rebilitirebulni iqnen ruseTis parlamentis mier 1992 wlis

16 ivnisis dadgenilebiT, rogorc nawili im pirTa reabilitaciisa,

romlebic daeqvemdebarnen represiebs. mxolod 1995 wlis 9 agvistos iyo,

rom ruseTis federaciis prezidentma xeli moawera brZanebulebas kazakTa

asociaciis daregistrirebasTan dakavSirebiT, 1996 wlis 16 aprils ki xeli

moewera brZanebulebas kazakTa samoqalaqo da samxedro samsaxuris Sesaxeb.

kazakTa

organizaciis

gadaadgilebis

Tavisufleba

da

naxevrad

SeiaraRebuli xasiaTi kazakTa cxovrebis kargad cnobili damaxasiaTebeli

niSania. SesaZlebelia imis Tqma, rom es mxolod detalebia, magram mTavari

Secdoma swored am detalebSia damaluli.

teqstSi

sakmaod

mcire

detalebia,

maT

Soris

`dauTariRebeli~

gancxadebebi ruseTis vice-prezidentis mier (ix. ganaCenis 137-e punqti),

ruseTis prezidentis `dauTariRebeli~ satelevizio gamosvla (ix. ganaCenis

138-e punqti), satelevizio intervius gadacema `daudgenel dRes~ (punqti

145), da a.S. miuxedavad sasamarTlos mier 26-e punqtSi gamoTqmuli

poziciisa, rom `werilobiTi da zepiri mtkicebulebebis Sefasebisas

sasamarTlo iyenebda ,gonivrul eWvs miRma~ tests mtkicebis moTxovnili

standartisaTvis~.

me gancvifrebuli var, rom sasamarTlos winaSe warmodgenili naTeli

informaciis

sapirispirod,

ganaCenis

141-e

punqti

warmoaCens

(`damtkicebulad miiCnevs~!) yalb informacias imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom

ruseTma organizeba gaukeTa 2004 wlis 17 martis arCevnebs `moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebTan SeTanxmebis gareSe~. ruseTis federaciis

saarCevno

kanonmdebloba

uzrunvelyofs

ruseTis

moqalaqeebisaTvis

arCevnebSi monawileobis SesaZleblobas sazRvargareT specialurad

Seqmnil saarCevno ubnebSi (da amitomac es yovelTvis ar warmoadgens

`sakonsulos rogorc saarCevno ubans~) mxolod Sesabamisi ucxo

saxelmwifos nebarTvis safuZvelze. vwuxvar, rom sasamarTlom, romlis

ganaCenebic wuTobrivi sizustiT mowmdeba yvelgan, Zalian bevrjer ver

ganaxorciela

da

ver

Seesabameboda

im

kriteriumebs,

romlebic

Camoyalibebulia 26-e punqtSi.

aseve samwuxaroa, rom saqmis winmswrebi movlenebis Camoyalibebisas

sasamarTlo yovelTvis ar mihyveboda im princips, romelic man Tavad

Camoayaliba saqmeSi Ireland v. the United Kingdom da romlis Tanaxmadac `mis

winaSe warmodgenil saqmeebSi sasamarTlo ganixilavs mTel warmodgenil

masalas, romelic momdinareobs komisiisagan, mxareebisagan an sxva

wyaroebidan, da, Tu es aucilebelia, moipovebs masalebs proprio motu” (1978

wlis 18 ianvris ganaCeni, seria A #25, gv. 64, punqti 160).

magaliTad, me vwuxvar, rom sasamarTlom frTxilad aicila Tavidan

ganaCenSi im qmedebebis xseneba, romlebic exeboda “Bujor“-is jgufsa da

ganmcxadeblebs maT dakavebamde (garda 216-e punqtisa, romelic miuTiTebs

1993 wlis 9 dekembris ganaCenze). magram sasamarTlos winaSe warmodgenili

dokumentebi naTlad metyvelebs xsenebul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT.

interviuSi, romelic gamoqveynda leningradis periodul gamocema `smenaSi~

1990 wlis 6 dekembers, b-nma ilaSkum sazogadoebas miawoda cnobili

`direqtiva #6~-is detalebi. `Cven gvaqvs ori Savi sia~, _ ambobda igi.

`pirvel siaSi 23 gvaria, e.w. dnestrispireTis respublikis meTauroba.

meore siaSi aris 480 saxeli da gvari, romlebic ekuTvniT meore kongresis

wevrebs. ganxorcielebuli iqna seriozuli mzadeba xsenebuli pirebis

fizikuri likvidaciisaTvis~. daskvna ki ase gamoiyureboda: `Cven gvyavs

politikosebi, romlebic yovelTvis sufTani unda rCebodnen, magram vinmem

unda gaakeTos WuWyiani saqme~. xsenebuli tipis gancxadebebidan: `Cven

SegviZlia movawyoT uzarmazari sisxlisRvra~, konkretul qmedebebamde

mxolod ramdenime nabiji iyo. xsenebuli qmedebebis msxverplTa vinaoba

cnobilia, iseve rogorc cnobilia maTi qvrivebisa da oblebis vinaoba.

SemTxveviT ar aris, rom ganaCenis 286-e punqtSi xsenebulma cnobilma

specialistebma

wamoayenes

winadadeba,

rom

ganmcxadeblebi

unda

gasamarTlebuliyvnen neitralur qveyanaSi, rogorc es evropis sabWos

generalurma mdivanma ganacxada, romelic faqtiurad ar gamoricxavda `b-ni

ilaSkus SesaZlo axal sasamarTlo process neitralur adgilas~

(SG/Inf(2000) 53, 2001 wlis 19 ianvari). ra azri aqvs maSin gaero-s yvela

rezolucias

terorizmis

aRkveTasTan

dakavSirebiT?

samwuxarod,

sasamarTlos ar gaucia pasuxi xsenebul kiTxvebze, magram man uaryo erT-

erTi aseTi qvrivis, q-ni ludmila gusaris, Txovna sasamarTlosaTvis

Cvenebis micemasTan dakavSirebiT (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis me-8 punqti).

III. `iurisdiqciisa~ da `pasuxismgeblobis~ cnebaTa analizi

magram me ufro im faqtTan dakavSirebiT vwuxvar, rom xelidan iqna

gaSvebuli

Sansi,

ganxorcielebuliyo

cnebebis

`iurisdiqcia~

da

`pasuxsimgebloba~ ufro kargi analizi. me ara maqvs pretenzia, rom Cemi,

rogorc samarTlianobis ukanaskneli mfarvelis, mosazrebaa WeSmariti,

magram mainc msurs avxsna, Tu ra kuTxiT vxedav problemas.

Cemi pirveladi pozicia, romelic davafiqsire 2001 wlis 4 ivlisis

kenWisyrisas saqmis arsebiT ganxilvaze dasaSvebobasTan dakavSirebiT (da

romel mosazrebasac jer kidev vemxrobi), iyo is, rom sasamarTlos

dauSveblad unda gamoecxadebina ganacxadi ruseTTan mimarTebaSi ratione loci

da ratione personae principebze dayrdnobiT da eRiarebina moldovis

iurisdiqcia dnestrispireTis teritoriaze, magram amave dros unda

gaeTvaliswinebina, rom moldova ver axorcielebda de facto kontrols

regionze, sul mcire, im dros, rodesac ganmcxadeblebi iqnen dakavebulni.

sasamarTlos SeeZlo aseTi gadawyvetilebiT misuliyo `samarTlebriv

vakuumamde~ an `iseT sferomde, romelSic kanoni ar moqmedebs~ da romlis

mimarTac konvenciis debulebebi ar gamoiyeneba de facto. xsenebuli idea arc

absurdia da arc siaxles warmoadgens. `biZgi rekomendaciisaTvis~, romlis

dasaxelebac

aris

`kanonis

gareT

myofi

evropis

sabWos

wevri

saxelmwifoebis teritoriebi~, romelic warmodgenili iqna b-ni magnusonis,

SvedeTis saparlamento asambleis wevris, mier (da romelsac misi ramdenime

kolega uWerda mxars), moicavda Semdeg nawyvetebs:

`Tumca asamblea iZulebulia, aRiaros, rom saxeze gvaqvs ramdenime areali

evropis sabWos calkeuli wevri saxelmwifoebis teritoriebze, sadac

adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvencia da adamianis uflebaTa dacvis

sxva aqtebi ar gamoiyeneba praqtikaSi. xsenebuli naTeli gaxda pirvel

rigSi

adamianis

uflebaTa

evropuli

sasamarTlos

precedentuli

samarTlidan, romlis ramdenime ganaCeni aRsrulebuli iqna. amis magaliTia

saqme Loizidou v. Turkey, romelic exeboda CrdiloeT kvipross, da saqme

Matthews v. the United Kingdom, romelic exeboda gibraltars.

garda amisa, `kanonis gareT myofi~ arealebi Camoyalibda separatistul

regionebSic, rogoric aris CeCneTi, dnestrispireTi, afxazeTi Tu mTiani

yarabaxi~.

moldovis mier teritoriuli daTqma, romelic man gaakeTa konvenciis

ratificirebisas,

migvaniSnebs

regionSi

`samarTlebrivi

vakuumis~

arsebobaze, evropul samarTlebriv arealSi raRac `Savi xvrelis~

magvarze, gansakuTrebiT aseT daskvnamde misvlas SesaZloa Tan axldes

imis aRiareba, rom moldovas ar gaaCnia de facto kontroli Sesabamis

teritoriaze. CemTvis sasiamovnoa, viyo umravlesobis wevri Tundac

xsenebul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT, kerZod ki imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom

moldovas gaaCnda iurisdiqcia, Tundac SezRuduli saxiT `iurisdiqcia, ...

romelic moiazrebs pozitiur valdebulebebs~ (samotivacio nawilis 1-li

debuleba).

miuxedavad amisa, me vTvli, rom teritoriuli principis upiratesoba,

romelic Seexeba `iurisdiqcias~ konvenciis 1-li muxlis mniSvnelobiT,

srulad gamoiyeneba moldovis mimarT, ganmcxadeblebTan dakavSirebiT misi

pasuxismgeblobebisa da valdebulebebis mimarT, Tundac de facto SezRuduli

xasiaTiT (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 313-e punqti). nebismier SemTxvevaSi,

dnestrispireTi

ar

aris

dausaxlebeli

teritoria

(terra nullius)

saerTaSoriso samarTlis mniSvnelobiT: saerTaSoriso Tanamegobroba

dnestrispireTs Tvlis moldovis ganuyofel nawilad. is faqti, rom

konvenciis ratificirebisas moldovam gaakeTa daTqma dnestrispireTTan

mimarTebaSi, amtkicebs imas, rom didi xnis ganmavlobaSi moldovas ar

ganuxorcielebia Tavisi valdebulebebi am teritoriaze. sawinaaRmdego

aRiareba iqneboda ufaso saCuqari msoflioSi yvela separatistisaTvis da

miscemda maT SesaZleblobas, eTqvaT, rom pirvelad saerTaSoriso

sasamarTlom aRiara, rom saxelmwifos teritoriis xsenebuli nawili iyo

centraluri xelisuflebis organoebis iurisdiqciis gareT. me mxolod

imaze vwuxvar, rom umravlesobam moldova pasuxismgeblad miiCnia mxolod

2001 wlis Semdeg, miuxedavad im dadgenili faqtisa, rom 1994 wlis Semdeg,

kerZod ki 1997 wels evropis sabWoSi Sesvlis Semdeg, moldovas ar

gadaudgams

aranairi

nabijebi,

raTa

uzrunveleyo

ganmcxadebelTa

xelmeored gasamarTleba an gaTavisufleba. xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT me

veTanxmebi argumentTa umravlesobas mosamarTleebis kasadevalis da sxva

kolegebis nawilobriv gansxvavebul mosazrebaSi.

`eqstrateritoriuli~ iurisdiqciis problema ufro rTulia. me mtkiced

mjera, rom sasamarTlo unda mihyves `cnebebis precedentuli samarTlis~

tradiciebs, sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, daiwyos im ideidan, rom

Tanamedrove pozitiuri samarTlis umniSvnelovanesi cnebebi damyarebuli

iqna iuristTa Taobebis mier da isini ar unda dadges kiTxvis qveS garda

gamonaklisi

SemTxvevebisa.

xsenebuli

iyo

sasamarTlos

erTxmad

dafiqsirebuli pozicia Banković and Others-is saqmeze: `Sesabamisad,

sasamarTlo mivida im azramde, rom konvenciis 1-li muxli ganxiluli unda

iqnes imgvarad, rom asaxavdes iurisdiqciis zogad da aRiarebul

mniSvnelobas da iurisdiqciis sxva safuZvlebi miCneuli unda iqnes

gamonaklisebad, romlebic moiTxovs specialur gamarTlebas TiToeuli

saqmis calkeul garemoebebSi~ (Banković and Others v. Belgium and Others (dec.) [GC],

no. 52207/99, punqti 61, ECHR 2001-XII). sasamarTlom aseve aRniSna, rom

dakmayofilebisaTvis `mas esaWiroeboda gamonaklisi garemoebebis arseboba

winamdebare saqmeSi, romelic SesaZloa CaTvliliyo xelSemkvreli

saxelmwifos mier eqstrateritoriuli iurisdiqciis ganxorcielebad~ (loc.

cit., punqti 74).

ra gansakuTrebul garemoebebs SeuZlia gaamarTlos aseTi daskvna

winamdebare saqmeSi?

Cemi mowiwebuli mosazrebiT, sasamarTlom airCia advili gza _ Tavis

ganaCenSi gamoeyenebina is kriteriumebi, romlebic Camoyalibebuli iqna

meore gansakuTrebul saqmeSi _ Loizidou-s saqmeSi (romlis ugulebelyofac

Znelia), da am saqmidan gamoitana sakmaod bundovani daskvna: `sasamarTlom

dauSva, rom gansakuTrebul garemoebebSi xelSemkvreli saxelmwifoebis

mier Tavisi teritoriis gareT ganxorcielebuli qmedebebi an iseTi

qmedebebi, romlebic zegavlenas axdens saxelmwifos teritoriis gareT

mimdinare movlenebze, SesaZloa CaiTvalos aseTi saxelmwifoebis mier

iurisdiqciis ganxorcielebad konvenciis 1-li muxlidan gamomdinare~ (ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 314-e punqti). aseTi `qmedebis~ gamoaSkaravebis pirvel

kriteriumad Loizidou-s saqmeSi CaiTvala samxedro qmedebis Sedegad sxva

qveynis teritoriis okupireba. magram xsenebuls adgili ar hqonia

winamdebare SemTxvevaSi, sadac sabWoTa SeiaraRebuli Zalebi teritoriaze

aTwleulobis ganmavlobaSi iyo ganTavsebuli.

Tundac CavTvaloT, rom adgili hqonda `samxedro qmedebas~, rogoric

saxeze iyo kviprosSi, mosamarTleebi golcuklu da petiti absoluturad

marTlebi iyvnen, rodesac cdilobdnen gaemijnaT `pasuxismgebloba~

`iurisdiqciisagan~.

pasuxismgebloba

`maSin,

SesaZloa

rodesac

saxeze

xelSemkvreli

iyos

saxelmwifos

teritoriis gareT

ganxorcielebuli samxedro qmedebis Sedegad, xsenebuli ar gulisxmobs

`iurisdiqciis~ ganxorcielebas (ix. Loizidou-s saqme (pirveladi pretenziebi),

1995 wlis 23 marti, seria A #310, gv. 35). orive cneba avtonomiuria

erTmaneTTan mimarTebaSi, Tumca SesaZlebelia pretenziis gamoTqma imasTan

dakavSirebiT, rom gansxvaveba wminda akademiuri xasiaTisaa.

ratom ugulebelyo sasamarTlom mniSvnelobis es Zalian arsebiTi

gansxvaveba winamdebare saqmeSi da ar Seavso precedentul samarTalSi

arsebuli

xarvezi,

romelic

gamomdinareobs

eqstrateritoriuli

iurisdiqciis arasakmarisi kriteriumebidan? Cemi azriT, xsenebulis mizezs

warmoadgenda ufro pirdapiri gadawyvetilebis miReba pasuxismgeblobis

cnebis meSveobiT (ix. ganaCenis 314-e-317-e punqtebi). es aris iurisdiqcia

(teritoriuli

Tu

eqstrateritoriuli),

romelic

upirvelesad

gansaxilveli cnebaa da pasuxismgebloba gamomdinareobs iurisdiqciidan

da ara piriqiT. sasamarTlom iribad daadastura xsenebuli subordinacia

imis daskvniT, rom moldovas gaaCnda iurisdiqcia, magram ar ekisreboda

pasuxismgebloba 2001 wlamde! magram imis Ziebisas, gaaCnda Tu ara ruseTis

federacias iurisdiqcia, sasamarTlom amjobina sapirispiro logika da

daadgina `iurisdiqcia~ `pasuxismgeblobis~ arsebobis gamo.

Tundac davuSvaT, rom saxelmwifos pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi saxezea,

aucilebeli iqneba imis damtkiceba, rom mopasuxe saxelmwifo (a) agrZelebs

Tavisi

daqvemdebarebuli

pasuxismgeblobis

ganxorcielebas

da

amas

saSualebiT

axorcielebs

da (b)

adgilobrivi

administraciis

agrZelebs Sesabamisi teritoriis kontrols mravalricxovani jaris

saSualebiT, romelic movaleobas asrulebs da axorcielebs `teritoriis

nawilis efeqtur da yovlismomcvel kontrols~, rogorc es aRniSnuli iyo

Loizidou-s saqmis pirvelad pretenziebSi. kerZod, xsenebuli ori aspeqti

ganxiluli iqna arsebiT ganxilvaze dasaSvebobis gadawyvetilebis 70-e

punqtSi Banković and Others-is saqmeze, romelSic sasamarTlom xazgasmiT

aRniSna

xsenebuli

teritoriuli

aspeqti,

sanam

daaskvnida,

rom

`sasamarTlo ar aris darwmunebuli, rom adgili hqonda raime saxis

iurisdiqciul kavSirs im pirebs Soris, romlebic iyvnen mopasuxe

saxelmwifoebis

mier

ganxorcielebuli

da

ganmcxadeblebis

mier

gasaCivrebuli qmedebebis msxverplni (ix. Banković and Others, zemoxsenebuli

saqme, punqti 82).

imis gansazRvrisas, iyo Tu ara ruseTis federacia pasuxismgebeli

gasaCivrebul qmedebebTan dakavSirebiT, sasamarTlo, miuTiTebs ra saqmeze

Cyprus v. Turkey, iyenebs cnebas `erovnuli teritoriis gareT arsebul

arealze sruli kontroli~ (ix. ganaCenis 316-e punqti). xsenebulTan

dakavSirebiT me mivuTiTeb sasamarTlos Sefasebaze Loizidou-s saqmeSi:

`TurqeTi

realurad

axorcielebs

detalur

kontrols

CrdiloeT

kviprosis TurqeTis respublikis xelisuflebis organoebis politikasa da

maT qmedebebze. CrdiloeT kviprosSi ganTavsebuli jarebis didi

raodenobidan naTelia, rom ... TurqeTis armia axorcielebs efeqtur da

yovlismomcvel kontrols kunZulis nawilze~ (ix. Loizidou-s zemoxsenebuli

saqme (arsebiTi ganxilva), gv. 2235, punqti 56). Tuki maxsovroba ar

mRalatobs, Cemi samxedro wvrTnebis dros termini `aqtiuri samsaxuri~

niSnavda gzebisa da rkinigzis kontrols, strategiuli daniSnulebis

dawesebulebebis (telegrafi/satelefono fosta) kontrols da sadgurebis,

aeroportebisa da sazRvrebis kontrols. samxedro strategobis gareSec ki

yvelas SeuZlia ori situaciis Sedareba: pirvel SemTxvevaSi 30 000

jariskaci mcire zomis teritoriaze, romlis mosaxleobasac Seadgens 120

000-150 000 adamiani, xolo meore SemTxvevaSi 2 500 oficeri da sxva wodebis

jariskaci 4 163 kvadratuli metris teritoriaze, 852 km sigrZis sazRvriT,

mosaxleoba ki aWarbebs 750 000-s. bolos me mivdivar mTavar gansxvavebamde,

romlis Tanaxmadac adgili ar hqonia samxedro SeWras teritoriis garedan

im mizniT, rom damyarebuliyo kontroli: ruseTis jarebi, romlebmac maSin

Sewyvites sabWoTa jarebad arseboba (da romelTa Semadgenlobidanac 2/3 am

regionidan

movlenebis momswre, ganTavsebulni iyvnen ra im adgilas, sadac mravali

wlis ganmavlobaSi imyofebodnen da absoluturad ar Careulan

gawveuli

jariskaci

iyo),

ucabedad

aRmoCndnen

aseTi

administraciul saqmeebSi. xsenebuli jarebi ar arian Cabmulni `aqtiur

qmedebebSi~, garda iaraRis sawyobebis da gasatani aRWurvilobis dacvisa.

rac Seexeba adgilobrivi administraciuli xelisuflebis organoebis

daqvemdebarebas ruseTis xelisuflebisadmi, naTelia is faqti, rom

xsenebuli xelisuflebis organoebi xSirad xels uSlidnen samxedro

aRWurvilobis

gatanas.

saerTaSoriso

zewolis

Sedegad

erT-erTi

ganmcxadeblis gaTavisuflebis Semdeg `mdr~-s xelisuflebis organoebi

tyveobaSi amyofebdnen danarCen ganmcxadeblebs, miuxedavad maTi savaraudo

`damcvelis~ interesisa, rom Tavidan airidos arasasiamovno problema –

Tuki es aris administrirebis magaliTi, `romelic eqvemdebareba ucxo

Zalas~, es sakmaod ucnauri magaliTia.

meore

argumenti,

romelic

ruseTis

federaciis

pasuxismgeblobis

sasargeblod metyvelebs, umravlesobis Tanaxmad, aris is, rom `mdr~

Seiqmna 1991-92 wlebSi ruseTis federaciis mxardaWeriT. me valdebuli var,

aRvniSno, rom `mdr~-s warmoqmna gamocxadebuli iqna 1990 wlis

seqtembers, weliwadze meti xniT adre, vidre ssrk daiSleboda da ruseTi

moipovebda damoukideblobas, rogorc suverenuli saxelmwifo. aq

2

gavixseneb la fontens: `Tuki es Sen ar iyavi, maSin es Seni Zma iqneboda. –

me ar myavs Zma. – ara aqvs mniSvneloba, maSin es Seni ojaxis romelime

wevri iqneboda.~ moldovis mTavrobis argumenti, rom ruseTi, rogorc

ssrk-s samarTalmemkvidre, kisrulobs srul pasuxismgeblobas ssrk-s mier

ganxorcielebul qmedebebTan dakavSirebiT, gaqarwylebulia saerTaSoriso

samarTlis im wesiT, romlis Tanaxmadac Tu samarTlis monawilis

pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxi saxezea samarTlis meore monawilis qmedebis

Sedegad, misi pasuxismgebloba mxolod iribi SeiZleba iyos (Dictionnaire de

droit international public, Brussels, 2001, gv. 996-97).

mxolod xsenebuli mizezidan gamomdinare, gansxvavebiT CrdiloeT

kviprosis TurqeTis respublikis gamocxadebidan, ruseTi ar unda

CaiTvalos pasuxismgeblad ganxorcielebuli qmedebebisaTvis. garda amisa,

ruseTs arasodes uRiarebia `mdr~ damoukidebel saxelmwifod. megobrobisa

da TanamSromlobis xelSekruleba ruseTis federaciasa da moldovis

respublikas Soris, romelic xelmowerili iqna 2001 wils 19 noembers,

naTlad metyvelebs xsenebul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT: `mxareebi gmoben

separatizms

mis

yvela

formiT

gamovlinebaSi

da

kisruloben

valdebulebas, aranairad xeli ar Seuwyon separatistul moZraobas~

(muxli 5, punqti 2). magram sasamarTlo amjobinebs `dauTariRebel~

upasuxismgeblo gancxadebebs, romlebic gamoTqmuli iyo garkveuli

parlamentarebisa da yofili politikosebis mier, da miiCnevs xsenebuls

politikuri mxardaWeris `mtkicebulebad~.

savaraudo ekonomikuri mxardaWeris `mtkicebuleba~ (ix. ganaCenis 156-e-160-e

punqtebi) ver uZlebs Semowmebas. me qvemoT vadareb ganaCenSi aRweril

daskvnas arasamTvarobo organizaciis “British Helsinki Human Rights Group“

(BHHRG) (romelmac moaxdina regionSi arsebuli situaciis analizi) mier

gakeTebul komentarebs.

gazis eqsporti `xelsayrel fasad~ (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 156-e punqti):

BHHRG-is Tanaxmad, dnestrispireTisaTvis miwodebuli 1000 kuburi metri

rusuli gazis fasi 2003 wels iyo 89 aSS dolari, igive fasi, rac

estoneTisTvis (36 aSS dolari belorusiisTvis, 50 aSS dolari

saqarTvelosTvis).

`dnestrispireTi

eleqtroenergias

iRebs

pirdapir

ruseTidan~

(ix.

winamdebare ganaCenis 157-e punqti): BHHRG-is Tanaxmad, eleqtroenergiis

bazari kontroldeba espanuri kompania “Union Fenosa“-s mier, romelic

awarmoebs eleqtroenergias im gazis meSveobiT, romelsac yidulobs

ruseTidan.

`rusulma kompania `iteram~ iyida dnestrispireTSi yvelaze didi sawarmo

`rabnitas sainJinro warmoeba~ (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 160-e punqti): 2003

wlis agvistoSi mxolod lixtenSteinis kompaniam iyida fabrikis aqciaTa

15,6% wili.

amerikuli

kompania

`lucent

teqnoloji~

akontrolebs

srulad

kavSirgabmulobas, germaniaSi ibeWdeba banknotebi, evrogaerTianebam mianiWa

prizi “Arc of Europe” samkervalo nawarms, romelic gamoSvebulia

`intercentr luqsis~ kompaniis mier da a.S. (wyaro: British Helsinki Human Rights

Group, Transnistria 2003: Eye in the Gathering Storm – www.bhhrg.org).

Semdegi SeTanxmeba: separatistebisaTvis iaraRis miwodeba. ganmcxadeblebi

amtkiceben (raime mtkicebulebis warmodgenis gareSe), rom me-14 armia

amaragebda separatistebs iaraRiT; es faqti, maTi azriT, moiazrebs

ruseTis federaciis pasuxismgeblobas. ar var ra specialisti xsenebul

dargSi, me mivuTiTeb sando wyaroze: `iaraRis organizebuli marodioroba

daiwyo

moldovis

mier

1990

wlis

23

ivniss

damoukideblobis

gamocxadebidan da seriozul problemad Camoyalibda 1991 wels ssrk-s

daSlis droisaTvis (analogiuri situacia iyo CeCneTSi, afxazeTsa da sxva

adgilebSi); 21 800 avtomati, aRWurviloba da TviT tankebic ki iqna

`eqsproprirebuli~. swored me-14 armiis sardlis general lebedis

mcdelobebs unda vumadlodeT, rom xsenebuli iaraRis garkveuli nawili

amoRebuli da dabrunebuli iqna sawyobebSi. gamoZieba aRiZra samxedro

prokuraturis mier~ (`komersanti~ (rusuli gazeTi), 2001 wlis 21 ivlisi).

regionis industriuli potenciali SesaZlebels xdis praqtikulad

nebismieri tipis Cveulebrivi iaraRis warmoebas; dResac ki iaraRiT

vaWroba warmoadgens regionis Semosavlis umTavres wyaros (ix. winamdebare

ganaCenis 161-e punqti).

bolos minda aRvniSno, rom ver aRmovaCine faqtobrivi masalebi, romlebic

exeba samxedro, politikur da ekonomikur aspeqtebs, raime xasiaTis vargisi

mtkicebuleba, romelic daadasturebda ruseTis Carevas SezRuduli an

gangrZobadi saxiT dnestrispireTis sasargeblod, an mtkicebuleba imasTan

dakavSirebiT, rom `mdr~ samxedro, politikur da ekonomikur sferoebSi

damokidebulia ruseTze.

damerwmuneT, Zalian vwuxvar, rom ar arsebobs aranairi mtkicebuleba

imisa, rasac axla vuwodebT `humanitarul intervencias~, romelic

warsulSi ufro samxedro SeWris formiT iyo cnobili. me minda, rom

absoluturad

marTali

viyo

ruseTis

pasuxismgeblobis

sakiTxTan

mimarTebaSi. darwmunebuli var, rom ruseTi pasuxismgebeli iyo imisaTvis,

rom ar Caeria ufro energiulad 1992 wels, raTa daecva samoqalaqo

mosaxleoba da Tavidan aecilebina 850-ze meti adamianis sikvdili (maT

Soris politikuri da diplomatiuri saSualebebiT gadaerwmunebina

moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi, ar ganexorcielebinaT damsjeli

samxedro eqspedicia Tavisi mosaxleobis winaaRmdeg). maSin, rodesac sxva

Zalebi ar yoymanoben aRmarTon humanitaruli intervenciis droSa

imisaTvis, rom daamyaron is, rasac ewodeba `axali samxedro humanizmi~ (ix.

N. Chomsky, The New Military Humanism, Lessons from Kosovo, L, 1999), ruseTis

xelisuflebis imdroindelma organoebma amjobines mocdisa da dalodebis

midgoma da amiT zogierT TavianT jariskacsa da oficers (umetesad maT,

vinc Sesabamisi regionidan iyvnen warmomavlobiT) miandes gadaewyvitaT, Tu

ra iyo marTali, rom gaekeTebinaT, rac, Tavis mxriv, niSnavda

alternativas, daecvaT Tu ara TavianTi ojaxebi.

amitom gTavazobT, pasuxi gasceT aSkara kiTxvas: rogorc saerTaSoriso

samarTlis

subieqts,

SeeZlo

Tu

ara

ruseTs

realurad

ekisra

pasuxismgebloba `mdr~-Si, rac niSnavs, rom ekisra amocana, gadaeWra

problemebi an moegvarebina arsebuli sistematuri situacia? imisaTvis, rom

advilad iqnes gacemuli pasuxi am kiTxvaze, me mivuTiTeb saqmeze Ireland v.

the United Kingdom (zemoT, punqti 159): `praqtika, romelic Seusabamoa

konvenciasTan,

Sedgeba

im

identuri

an

analogiuri

darRvevebis

akumulirebisagan,

romlebic

sakmarisad

mravladaa

da

urTierTdakavSirebulia ise, rom warmoadgens ara mxolod izolirebul

incidentebs an gamonaklisebs, aramed sistemis magaliTs; praqtika

TavisTavad ar warmoadgens darRvevas, romelic gancalkevebulia aseTi

darRvevebisagan~. mxolod personaluri situaciis ukan sistematuri

darRvevebi SeiZleba iqnes miCneuli ucxo saxelmwifos obieqtur

pasuxismgeblobad; me swored ase aRviqvam zemoxsenebul ganaCens,

gansakuTrebiT

mtkicebulebebi

dakavSirebiT.

ki

imitom,

analogiuri

rom

ganmcxadeblebma

ar

warmoadgines

xasiaTTan

darRvevebis

sistematur

saerTaSoriso samarTlis sxva wesi, romelic gamyarebulia Cveni

precedentuli samarTliT, aris, rom saxelmwifos eqstrateritoriuli

pasuxismgebloba saxezea im xarisxiT, ra xarisxiTac misi warmomadgenlebi

axorcieleben TavianT uflebamosilebas savaraudo msxverplebze an maT

sakuTrebaze (ix. Cyprus v. Turkey, ##. 6780/74 da 6950/75, komisiis 1975 wlis 26

maisis gadawyvetileba, gadawyvetilebebi da moxsenebebi 2, gv. 150). exeboda

es namdvilad oTx ganmcxadebels maT dakavebamde arsebul mcire

monakveTSi 1992 wels?

faqtobrivi aspeqtebisagan gansxvavebiT, mxedvelobaSi unda iqnes miRebuli

saxelmwifos saerTaSoriso pasuxismgeblobis samarTlebrivi aspeqtebi.

me miTiTebas vakeTeb Zalian mniSvnelovan dokumentze: es aris rezolucia

56/83, romelic miRebuli iqna 2001 wlis 12 dekembers gaerTianebuli erebis

organizaciis generaluri asambleis mier, saxelwodebiT `saxelmwifoebis

pasuxismgebloba saerTaSoriso masStabiT aRiarebuli darRvevebisaTvis~,

romelic serTaSoriso samarTlebrivi komisiis ramdenime wlis muSaobis

Sedegia. saerTaSoriso samarTlebrivi komisiis naSromze miTiTebiT

ganaCenis 230-e punqti wamoWris saxelmwifos pasuxismgeblobis problemas

saerTaSoriso valdebulebis darRvevis gamo da xazs usvams 321-e punqtSi

`gangrZobad darRvevebs~ rezoluciis me-14 muxlis me-2 punqtis WrilSi.

magram imave dokumentis me-13 muxlis Tanaxmad, `saxelmwifos qmedeba ar

warmoadgens saerTaSoriso valdebulebis darRvevas, garda im SemTxvevisa,

rodesac saxelmwifos akisria Sesabamisi valdebuleba im droisaTvis,

rodesac qmedeba ganxorcielda~.

xsenebuli wesi naTlad adasturebs ratione temporis princips Cvens

precedentul

samarTalSi.

sityvebiT

rom

gamovxatoT,

gangrZobadi

darRvevis

xasiaTis dadgenamde

(Cvens

SemTxvevaSi

dakaveba da

ganmcxadeblebis winaswari patimroba) saWiro iqneboda davrwmunebuliyaviT,

rom savaraudo darRveva ar xvdeba sasamarTlos iurisdiqciis gareT ratione

temporis principis safuZvelze.

rac Seexeba princips ratione temporis, romelic warmoadgens evropuli

sasamarTlos erT-erT dasayrdens, me Zalian vSiSob, rom es principi

daknindeba `iurisdiqciis~ cnebis iseTi ganmartebiT, rogoric winamdebare

saqmeSi moxda da romelic Semdegnairad JRers: `sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom,

zemoxsenebuli movlenebis gaTvaliswinebiT, ganmcxadeblebi xvdebodnen

ruseTis federaciis iurisdiqciaSi konvenciis 1-li muxlis mniSvnelobiT,

miuxedavad imisa, rom rodesac xsenebuli ganxorcielda, konvencia ar iyo

ZalaSi Sesuli ruseTis federaciisaTvis~ (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 384-e

punqti).

marTlac, vinaidan arc moldovas da arc ruseTs ar hqondaT xelmowerili

konvencia im droisaTvis (1992), isini ar SeiZleba dadanaSaulebulni iqnen

im saerTaSoriso valdebulebis darRvevaSi, romlis Sesrulebac im

droisaTvis maTTvis ar iyo savaldebulo. Sesabamisad, xsenebuli

rezoluciis arc me-14 muxli (saerTaSoriso valdebulebis darRvevis

gangrZobadoba) da arc me-15 muxli (darRveva, romelic Sedgeba ramdenime

qmedebisagan) ar gamoiyeneba, ris sapirispiroc sasamarTlom daadgina Tavis

ganaCenSi (ix. winamdebare ganaCenis 321-e punqti).

meores mxriv, saerTaSoriso samarTlebrivi komisiis naSromis debuleba

srul SesabamisobaSia ruseTis savaraudo pasuxismgeblobasTan, radgan igi

amyarebs forsmaJoris hipoTezas:

`saxelmwifos qmedeba, romelic arRvevs am saxelmwifos mier nakisr

saerTaSoriso valdebulebas, ar CaiTvleba darRvevad, Tuki qmedeba

gamowveulia forsmaJoruli situaciiT, anu iseTi Zalis zemoqmedebiT,

romlisTvis winaaRmdegobis gaweva SeuZlebelia an gauTvaliswinebeli iyo

aseTi movlenis moxdena, iyo saxelmwifos kontrolis farglebs miRma da

SeuZlebels xdida Seqmnil garemoebebSi valdebulebis Sesrulebas.~

(muxli 23, punqti 1).

Cemi kiTxva SemdegSi mdgomareobs: warmoadgens Tu ara samoqalaqo omi

forsmaJorul situacias zemoxsenebuli 23-e muxlis mniSvnelobiT,

gamomdinare iqidan, rom mopasuxe saxelmwifos, ruseTis federacias, ar

mouxdenia situaciis inspirireba im martivi mizezis gamo, rom igi ar

arsebobda rogorc saerTaSoriso samarTlis subieqti?

Cemi azriT, sasamarTlos ar SeuZlia gadauxvios komisiis mosazrebiT

dadgenili wesidan, romelic gaJRerebuli iqna Ribitsch-is saqmeSi: imis

gansazRvrisas, saxezea Tu ara mopasuxe saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba,

sasamarTlo iyenebs konvenciis debulebebs konvenciis miznisa da

saerTaSoriso

samarTlis

principebis

WrilSi.

komisiis

sityvebiT:

`konvenciis Tanaxmad, saxelmwifos pasuxismgebloba, romelic warmoiSoba

misi yvela organos, warmomadgenlisa da mosamsaxuris qmedebidan, ar

moiTxovs aucileblad saxelmwifos mxridan `braleulobas~ rogorc

moraluri, aseve samarTlebrivi Tu politikuri gagebiT~ (Ribitsch v. Austria,

1995 wlis 4 dekembris ganaCeni, seria A #. 336, komisiis mosazreba, gv. 37,

punqti 110).

IV. konvenciis 34-e muxlis darRveva

rac Seexeba sasamarTlos mier gamotanil daskvnas moldovisa da ruseTis

federaciis mier 34-e muxlis darRvevasTan dakavSirebiT, minda aRvniSno,

rom gaognebuli var moparuli dokumentis gamoyenebiT (an nayidi

dokumentiT – ara aqvs mniSvneloba) – romelic warmoadgenda diplomatiur

notas. me Zalian uxerxul mdgomareobaSi vvardebi imis aRniSvniT, rom

yvela sasamarTlo samarTalwarmoebis elementarul princips warmoadgens

is faqti, rom ukanonod mopovebuli mtkicebuleba ar SeiZleba

mxedvelobaSi

iqnes

miRebuli.

diplomatiuri

mimoweris

konfidencialurobis darRvevis waxalisebiT, rac winaaRmdegobaSi modis

diplomatiuri urTierTobebis Sesaxeb 1961 wlis 18 aprilis venis

konvenciasTan, kerZod ki mis 24-e muxlTan, romelic acxadebs, rom

diplomatiuri misiebis arqivebi da dokumentebi `xelSeuxebeli unda iyos

nebismier dros da nebismier adgilas~, da rac ganxorcielda dokumentis

citirebiT (ix. ganaCenis 278-e punqti) da misi Sinaarsis mxedvelobaSi

miRebiT (ix. ganaCenis 481-e punqti), Cemi azriT, Seuferebelia evropuli

marTlmsajulebis organosaTvis.

konfidencialuri

konsultaciebi

warmoadgens

saerTaSoriso

urTierTobebis normalur praqtikas – da marTlac, xsenebuli praqtika

gamyarebulia ruseT-moldovis 2001 wlis 19 noembris xelSekrulebis me-3

muxlis 1-li punqtiT, romlis Tanaxmadac: `myarad emxrobian ra mSvidobisa

da

usafrTxoebis

ganxorcielebas,

gamarTaven konsultaciebs

da ormxriv urTierTobebTan

maRali

xelSemkvreli

umTavres saerTaSoriso

dakavSirebiT. aseTi

mxareebi

regularulad

problemebTan

konsultaciebi da azrTa urTierTgacvla moicavs urTierTqmedebebs euTo-

s, evropis sabWosa da sxva evropuli struqturebis organoebis SigniT.~

garda amisa, araswori gziT mopovebuli diplomatiuri notis warmodgeniT

ganmcxadeblebma daarRvies ganacxadis wardgenis uflebis borotad

gamoyenebis sawinaaRmdego wesi (konvenciis 35-e muxlis me-3 punqti) da,

amgvarad, pasuxismgebelni Seiqmnen sasamarTlos praqtikis kargad cnobil

Sedegebze. samwuxarod, maT ar gaiziares aseTi bedi. rogorc ukvdavi la

fonteni ityoda: `viRacam miTxra me. me Suri unda viZio~.

V. konvenciis 41-e muxlis gamoyeneba

rac Seexeba ganmcxadeblebisaTvis miniWebul Tanxebs, gansakuTrebiT

pirveli ganmcxadeblisaTvis, romelic gaTavisuflebulia 2001 wlis

Semdeg, sasamarTlo, Cemi azriT, gascda winaT dafiqsirebuli Tanxebis

farglebs, romlebsac igi akuTvnebda xolme konvenciis me-3 da me-5

muxlebis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi, TviT yvelaze SemaZrwunebeli darRvevebis

drosac ki. gadalaxa ra sul axlaxans dadgenili farglebi asaniZis

zemoxsenebul saqmeSi, romelSic miakuTvna 150 000 evro `yvela gancdili

zianisaTvis~, sasamarTlo axla ufro Sors wavida winamdebare saqmeSi

savaraudod ganmcxadebelTa patimrobis xangrZlivobidan gamomdinare. rac

aris, aris, magram me pretenzias vacxadeb imis dadgenasTan dakavSirebiT,

rom adgili ar hqonda 1-li oqmis 1-li muxlis darRvevas, sasamarTlom

aucileblad CaTvala exsenebina materialuri da moraluri ziani,

ganacxada ra ganaCenis 489-e punqtSi, rom `sasamarTlo ar Tvlis, rom

gancdili

iyo savaraudo materialuri ziani,

magram sasamarTlo

aragonivrulad ar Tvlis, miiCnios, rom ganmcxadeblebma ganicades

Semosavlis dakargva da, Sesabamisad, mouxdaT garkveuli Tanxebis gaReba,

romlebic pirdapir gamomdinareobda dadgenili darRvevebidan~. Cemi azriT,

xsenebuli argumenti ver gvarwmunebs da saSiSic ki aris momavali

precedentuli

samarTlisaTvis,

radgan

windauxedavad

da

gauTvaliswineblad xdis Tavsaxurs pandoras yuTs.

VI. aris Tu ara ganaCeni ganxorcielebadi?

bolos me vaanalizeb meore mopasuxe saxelmwifosaTvis obieqtur

SeuZleblobas, aRasrulos ganaCeni, romlis ganxorcielebac moldovasac

ki ar SeuZlia, gansakuTrebiT ki im kuTxiT, rom bolo moeRos

ganmcxadebelTa patimrobas (me xma miveci amis samotivacio nawilis 22-e

punqtis sasargeblod yvela SesaZlo midgomis WrilSi). kvlavac ufro

Zneli iqneba zogadi RonisZiebebis gatareba, romlebic moiTxoveba evropis

sabWos ministrTa komitetis mier. Drozd and Janousek-is saqmeSi sasamarTlom

ganacxada: `konvencia ar moiTxovs xelSemkvreli saxelmwifosagan, rom

damyarebuli iqnes standartebi mesame saxelmwifoebSi Tu teritoriebze~

(Drozd and Janousek v. France and Spain, 1992 wlis 26 ivnisis ganaCeni, seria A #.

240, gv. 34, punqti 110). rodesac xsenebuls gadavTargmniT saerTaSoriso

samarTlis enaze, es niSnavs, rom arc konvencia da arc romelime teqsti ar

moiTxoven xelSemkvreli saxelmwifoebisgan, rom maT gaataron sapirispiro

RonisZiebebi da bolo mouRon ucxoelis patimrobas ucxo qveyanaSi –

gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis deklaracia saxelmwifoebis Sida

saqmeebSi Carevis dauSveblobis Sesaxeb (rezolucia 26/113 1981 wlis 9

dekemberi) kvlavac ZalaSia. manam, sanam waikiTxavs Cvens ganaCens, xalxi

pativs scems aRmocenebul uflebas Zveli evropis gulSi rogorc axal

hibrids. magram me Zalian veWvob, rom es sasurvel ganviTarebamde

migviyvans.

ilaSkus, ivantoSis, leSkosa da petrov-popas saqme moldovisa da

ruseTis winaaRmdeg

(ganacxadi #48787/99)

ganaCeni (danarTi)

strasburgi, 2004 wlis 8 ivlisi

ilaSkus, ivantoSis, leSkosa da petrov-popas saqme moldovisa da

ruseTis winaaRmdeg

(ganacxadi #48787/99)

ganaCeni

danarTi

sasamarTlos delegatebisaTvis mowmeebis mier micemuli Cvenebebis reziume

strasburgi

2004 wlis 8 ivlisi

winamdebare ganaCeni sabolooa, magram igi SesaZloa daeqvemdebaros

redaqtirebas.

gverdi

1. ilie ilaSku

1. 1992 wlis ivnisSi dakavebamde ganmcxadebeli daaxloebiT 10 wlis

ganmavlobaSi cxovrobda tiraspolSi. 1992 wels ganmcxadebeli iyo

tiraspolSi ganTavsebuli sawarmos mTavari ekonomisti. igi aseve iyo

moldovis demokratiuli qristianuli saxalxo frontis tiraspolis

filialis lideri. es Tanamdeboba mas ekava 1989 wlis oqtomberSi partiis

Seqmnis Semdeg. misi politikuri saqmianobis gamo masze xorcieldeboda

zewola, mis saxlSi Seagdes xelyumbarebi da qvebi da bolos igi

gaTavisuflebuli iqna ufrosi ekonomistis dakavebuli Tanamdebobidan.

TebervalSi mis ojaxs unda eTxova ltolvilTa TavSesafari kiSiniovSi,

Tumca ganmcxadebeli rCeboda tiraspolSi.

2. 1992 wlis 2 ivnisis dilas, daaxloebiT 4 saaTsa da 30 wuTze, ezoSi

misma ZaRlma daiwyo yefa, ganmcxadebelma gaixeda fanjridan da dainaxa

SeiaraRebuli jariskacebi, romlebsac ecvaT samxedro formebi da

atarebdnen tyviisagan damcav Jiletebs. es jariskacebi gadaevlnen mesers

da daikaves sabrZolo pozicia. jariskacebi atarebdnen me-14 armiis

uniformebs sabWoTa kavSiris emblemebiT.

ganmcxadeblis ojaxs, romelic tiraspolSi ramdenime dRiT iyo Camosuli,

eZina. ganmcxadebeli Cavida saxlis karis (romelic Ria iyo) Casaketad. kari

uecrad gaiRo, 5-6 jariskaci Sevarda saxlSi da saxeSi gaartyes mas

avtomatis kondaxi, Semdeg ki zurgs ukan Seukres xelebi. SemdgomSi igi

waiyvanes `volgis~ tipis avtomanqaniT. rodesac gareT gamoiyvanes,

ganmcxadebelma dainaxa ori SeiaraRebuli manqana quCis boloSi, da 50-60

jariskaci, romlebsac win mouZRoda polkovniki, mas ukan mohyveboda vice-

polkovniki, romlis saxeli da gvaric, rogorc es ganmcxadebelma

mogvianebiT Seityo, iyo vladimir gorbovi. im pirebs Soris, vinc misi

saxlis Cxreka daiwyo, ganmcxadebelma icno aseve viqtor guSani

dnestrispireTis saidumlo samsaxuridan. ganmcxadeblis mtkicebiT, mas

saxlSi ar hqonia araviTari iaraRi Tu asafeTqebeli masala. rodesac

ganmcxadeblis coli SeekiTxa jariskacebs, Tu ratom daakaves misi qmari,

b-nma guSanma upasuxa, rom mizezs warmoadgenda ganmcxadeblis moldovis

saxalxo frontis lideroba da radgan isini saomar mdgomareobaSi iyvnen

moldovasTan, ganmcxadebeli warmoadgenda saSiSroebas da amitomac unda

dapatimrebuliyo.

3. ganmcxadebeli waiyvanes tiraspolis uSiSroebis saministros SenobaSi

da Casves mis qveS moTavsebul sakanSi. rodesac pirvelad daakaves,

ganmcxadebels uTxres, rom mis saxlSi napovni iqna iaraRi da igi

eWvmitanili iyo saxlSi iaraRis ukanono SenaxvaSi.

4. garkveuli drois Semdeg ganmcxadebeli aiyvanes oTaxSi da igi dakiTxa

vadim Sevcovma, `mdr-s uSiSroebis ministrma~, da sxva samma polokovnikma,

romlebsac me-14 armiis uniformebi ecvaT. mesame dRes dakiTxvebi daiwyo

RamiTac. erTi dakiTxva Caatara vladimir gorbovma, meore ki samma

polkovnikma. ganmcxadebelma mcvelebisagan gaigona, rom sami polkovniki

me-14 armiis saidumlo kontrdazvervis samsaxuris ganyofilebidan iyo. b-ni

gorbovis mier Catarebuli dakiTxvisas, romelic exeboda mis politikur

saqmianobas,

ganmcxadebels

brali

dasdes

solobizias

raionSi

teroristuli aqtis CadenaSi. meore dakiTxvisas mas SesTavazes garigeba,

romlis Tanaxmadac mas unda eRiarebina, rom, rogorc saxalxo frontis

lideri, Tanaxma iyo TanamSromlobaze, rom mas amzadebdnen rumineTSi

specialuri jarebis SemadgenlobaSi, brasovTan axlos, rom mas iaraRiT

amaragebdnen

ruminelebi

da

igi

gamoagzavnes

dnestrispireTSi

teroristuli aqtebis mosawyobad dnestrispireTSi ruseTis samoqalaqo

mosaxleobis winaaRmdeg. ganmcxadebelma uari ganacxada aseT garigebaze.

Sesabamisad, mas xangrZlivad scemdnen da uqvemdebarebdnen fsiqologiur

tanjvas.

5. patimrobis pirveli kviris ganmavlobaSi mas absoluturad ar aWmevdnen.

pirveladi dakiTxvebisas xSirad mas ar aZlevdnen Zilis saSualebas.

darajebi sakanSi Sediodnen dilis 5 saaTze, sawols kecavdnen kedlis

gaswvriv da amis Semdeg mas aRar hqonda SesaZlebloba, daeZina, sanam

sawols isev ar CamouSvebdnen.

6. 5 Tu 6 dRis Semdeg, SesaZloa kidev ufro gvian, ganmcxadebels auxvies

Tvalebi da waiyvanes sxva adgilas. rodesac mas misces saWmeli,

ganmcxadebelma dainaxa me-14 armiis formaSi gamowyobili jariskacebi,

romlebmac uTxres, rom igi imyofeboda me-14 armiis samxedro garnizonSi.

meore dRes ganmcxadebeli mixvda, rom icoda es Senoba, radgan namyofi iyo

iq adre, rodesac daakaves 1989 wels aseve me-14 armiis warmomadgenlebma

saxalxo frontis daarsebis Semdeg.

7. im droisaTvis, rodesac ganmcxadebeli dakavebuli iyo me-14 armiis

samxedro garnizonSi 1992 wels, meTauri iyo polkovniki bergmani, romelic

ganmcxadebels axsovs erTaderT adamianad, romelic humanurad epyroboda.

b-ni bergmani arasodes iRebda monawileobas mis dakiTxvaSi.

iq patimrobis periodSi ganmcxadebelma naxa mxolod b-ni godiaci da b-ni

ivantoSi. erT dRes misi saknis kari gaiRo da gorbovma, bergmanma da sxva

gamomZieblebma mosTxoves ivantoSs amoecno igi, rac ivantoSma gaakeTa.

ganmcxadebeli ar icnobda b-n ivntocs im droisaTvis, magram ivantoSi,

rogorc Cans, icnobda mas, radgan igi iyo saxalxo frontis lideri.

8.

me-14

armiis

samxedro

garnizonSi

patimrobisas

ganmcxadebeli

ramdenimejer iqna gayvanili dakiTxvaze sxvadasxva oTaxebSi savaraudod

me-2 sarTulze, saknis zemoT mdebare sarTulze. mas Zalian arasaTanadod

ar epyrobodnen, radgan oTaxebi TeTr ferebSi iyo SeRebili da arsebobda

maTze kvalis darCenis SesaZlebloba, Tumca dakiTxvebi aseve grZeldeboda

RamiTac, mis sakanSi, romlis kedlebi Savad iyo SeRebili. iq mas Zalian

cudad scemdnen. aseTi cemis dros ganmcxadebels Caemtvra ramdenime kbili.

cemis Sedegad ganmcxadebels gauCerda Tirkmeli.

9. ganmcxadebeli aseve eqvemdebareboda fsiqologiur wamebas. mas

eubnebodnen, rom kazakebi mividnen mis saxlSi, moitaces misi coli da ori

qaliSvili da gaaupatiures isini, rom misi coli da erT-erTi qaliSvili

ipovnes da waiyvanes fsiqiatriul saavadmyofoSi, magram meore qaliSvili

ver ipovnes. Semdeg mas sTavazobdnen aRiarebis micemasa da xelmoweras. 3

dRis Semdeg b-ni gorbovi dabrunda da uTxra mas, rom misi meore

qaliSvili mkvdari iqna napovni da aiZulebda ganmcxadebels, xeli moewera

aRiarebaze, raTa wasuliyo saxlSi da qristianulad daesaflavebina

qaliSvili. ganmcxadebelma dakarga kontroli Tavze da gaartya gorbovs.

amis Semdeg mas seriozulad arasaTanadod moepyrnen.

10. me-14 armiis bazaze patimrobis periodSi ganmcxadebeli oTxjer

daeqvemdebara sikvdiliT fiqtiur dasjas.

11. sul mTlianad ganmcxadebeli me-14 armiis samxedro garnizonSi

patimrobaSi imyofeboda 2 Tvis ganmavlobaSi. 23 agvistos b-nma bergmanma

warudgina ganmcxadebeli me-14 armiis axal xelmZRvanels, aleqsandre

lebeds. ganmcxadebelsa da b-n lebeds Soris ramdenimewuTiani saubris

Semdeg me-14 armiis axalma sardalma 2 saaTiani vada misca b-n bergmans,

raTa ganmcxadebeli iqidan moecilebinaT. imave dRes b-nma bergmanma,

romelsac Tan axldnen me-14 armiis 5-6 oficeri da

avtomatebiT da ZaRliT saxelad Cenki, waiyvanes ganmcxadebeli manqaniT

tiraspolis qalaqis policiis StabbinaSi. ganmcxadebeli datoves

4

jariskaci

derefanSi. b-nma bergmanma gabrazebuli toniT uTxra b-n Sevcovs, rom mas

aRar surda ganmcxadeblebis yofna me-14 armiis teritoriaze da amis

Semdeg wavida.

12. ganmcxadebeli patimrobaSi imyofeboda tiraspolis saqalaqo policiis

Stabbinis sardafSi daaxloebiT naxevari wlis ganmavlobaSi da Semdeg

gadayvanili iqna tiraspolis #2 sapyrobileSi mis msjavrdebamde.

gamoZiebis periodSi igi sakanSi sxva patimrebTan erTad iyo moTavsebuli.

13. msjavrdebidan erTi kviris Semdeg, 1993 wlis 9 dekembers, ganmcxadebeli

gadaiyvanes

hlinaias

cixeSi

im

sakanSi,

romelic

specialurad

sikvdilmisjilTaTvis iyo momzadebuli. man am sakanSi 9 weli gaatara

martom.

iq igi daeqvemdebara Zalian uxeS mopyrobas. igi mravaljer scemes.

saWmelad aZlevdnen purs da Cais, xolo sadilad _ `balandas~. mas xSirad

svamdnen aseve karcerSi. dakavebisas ganmcxadebeli iwonida 95 kilograms,

xolo

6

Tvis Semdeg mxolod 57-s. mas ar aZlevdnen uflebas,

moenaxulebina Tavisi ojaxi an mieRo amanaTebi. ganmcxadeblisTvis

gamogzavnili saWmlis amanaTebi zogjer absoluturad ganadgurebuli iyo

xolme. yoveli viziti unda yofiliyo SeTanxmebuli da damtkicebuli.

zogjer vizitebis damtkiceba ar xdeboda, zogjer xdeboda, magram

rodesac misi coli miuaxlovdeboda xolme cixis WiSkars, ganmcxadebels

ar aZlevdnen misi naxvis uflebas. mas ar aZlevdnen SesaZleblobas,

miewera werili, ase rom uxdeboda sxva saSualebebis gamoyeneba cixidan

Setyobinebis gasagzavnad. radgan ganmcxadebels undoda, rom mis

mosanaxuleblad dedamisi misuliyo, mas uTxres, rom unda daewera

specialuri Txovna b-ni smirnovis saxelze. ganmcxadebelma uari ganacxada,

vinaidan ar aRiarebda `mdr~-s, da Sedegad ar darTes neba, enaxa deda,

romelic gardaicvala misi cixeSi yofnis dros.

14. mas Semdeg, rac ganmcxadebelma xma misca moldovis parlamentSi

sturcas mTavrobas, xsenebulma dauyovnebliv hpova asaxva masTan

ganxorcielebul vizitebze: 1999 wlis aprilidan 2000 wlis ianvramde mas

ar aZlevdnen nebas, Sexvedroda ojaxis wevrebs. amis Semdeg mas mudmivad

sjidnen sxvadasxvanairad – magaliTad, CamoarTves radio.

15. zamTarSi ar iyo gaTboba, radgan ar iyo amis teqnikuri SesaZlebloba.

temperatura ecemoda -10 gradus celsiusamde. ganmcxadebels ar miuRia

Sxapi 6 Tvis ganmavlobaSi da uxdeboda civ wyalSi garecxva. mas hqonda

dRis sinaTle da TviT eleqtronaTurac ki.

16. rodesac ganmcxadebelma moiTxova mkurnaloba cixis eqimisagan, mas

ganucxades, rom ar hqondaT wamlebi. wamlebi mohqonda mxolod

ganmcxadeblis

cols.

eqimebi,

romlebmac

ganmcxadebeli

gasinjes,

kiSiniovidan iyvnen Camosulebi.

17.

ganmcxadebels

arasodes

miumarTavs

saCivriT

tiraspolis

xelisuflebis organoebisaTvis, radgan ar aRiarebda maT, Tavisi

saCivrebiT igi mxolod kiSiniovis kanonieri xelisuflebis organoebs

mimarTavda.

18. 1998 wlis ivlisSi, mas Semdeg, rac ganmcxadebelma ramdenimejer scada

gaqceva, igi gadaiyvanes tiraspolis #2 sapyrobileSi, romelic ukeT iyo

daculi.

tiraspolis sapyrobileSi mopyroba zogjer ukeTesi iyo, zogjer ki uaresi

hlinaias sapyrobilesTan SedarebiT.

19. sakanSi iyo tualeti da civi wyali. sapryobilis yvela daraji ar iyo

mtrulad ganwyobili ganmcxadeblisadmi, magram uSiSroebis brigadis

(romelic Sevcovs eqvemdebareboda) wevrebi arasaTanadod epyrobodnen mas.

cixis mmarTveli da mcvelebi SedarebiT kargad eqceodnen ganmcxadebels.

polkovniki golovaCevi, cixis mmarTveli, acxadebda: `me ar SemiZlia

SevaCero saidumlo samsaxurebi, rom arasaTanadod aRar mogeqcen~.

20. 1999 wlis aprilSi ganmcxadebelma ganacxadi Seitana adamianis

uflebaTa

evropul

sasamarTloSi.

Tavdapirvel

etapze,

rodesac

tiraspolis xelisuflebis organoebma Seityves xsenebulis Sesaxeb, mas

ufro uxeSad epyrobodnen. cemiT ar scemdnen, magram uari uTxres colTan

Sexvedraze, misTvis gagzavnili wignebi amoRebuli iqna, ar aZlevdnen

saknis gareT savarjiSod gamosvlis saSualebas, ewyoboda xSiri Cxrekebi

mis sakanSi da a.S. xsenebuli aseve ganmeorda mas Semdeg, rac igi

moinaxula frangma parlamentarma Jozete durrieqsma, romelmac urCia

ganmcxadebels pirvel rigSi ganacxadis wardgena.

imave periodSi adgili hqonda incidents, romlis drosac ganmcxadebeli

daeqvemdebara arasaTanado mopyrobas b-ni gusarovisa da saidumlo

samsaxuris sxva warmomadgenlebis mxridan. man ikiTxa, Tu ratom

eqvemdebareboda aseT mkacr Cxrekebs, magram gamoaTries saknidan da

Caartyes

avtomatis

kondaxi.

saidumlo

samsaxuris

erT-erTma

warmomadgenelma pirSi lula Caudo, kbili gautexa da emuqreboda, rom

ufro meti mouvidoda, Tuki kvlav mihyveboda evropul sasamarTloSi

Setanil ganacxads. b-ni ivantoSic analogiur mopyrobas daeqvemdebara b-ni

gusarovis mxridan.

21. saidumlo samsaxurebi drodadro midiodnen xolme ganmcxadeblTan

moTxovniT, gamoetana ganacxadi. 2001 wlis 5 maisis dilas misi saknis kari

gaiRo. mas misces 5 wuTi nivTebis mosakrebad. igi SiSveli iyo, rodesac

dnestrispireTis ori satelevizio arxi mis sakanSi mimdinare movlenebs

iRebda, miuxedavad misi Txovnisa, ar gaekeTebinaT es. igi waiyvanes b-n

smirnovTan Sesaxvedrad, rogorc mas ganucxades imitom, rom dasavleTis

warmomadgenlebs surdaT masTan Sexvedra. derefanSi 5-6 samoqalaqo piri

idga, romelTagan zogierTi dnestrispireTis uzenaesi sabWos wevrebi

iyvnen, xolo zogierTs iaraRi ekava.

ganmcxadebeli Casves manqanaSi b-n SevcovTan erTad. rodesac isini mividnen

im teritoriaze, romelic kontroldeboda kiSiniovis mier, ganmcxadebeli

xelborkilebiT miabes or jariskacs. igi waiyvanes prezidentis sasaxleSi

kiSiniovSi, Semdeg ki uSiSroebis saministroSi. b-nma Sevcovma amoiRo

dokumenti, romlis Tanaxmadac patimari ilie ilaSku gadaeca moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebs. man ganucxada ganmcxadebels, rom sasikvdilo

ganaCeni kvlavac ZalaSi rCeboda da mas aranairi survili aRar gaaCnda

misi meored naxvisa. ganmcxadebeli waiyvanes moldovis uSiSroebis

saministroSi, sadac dakiTxes.

22. rac Seexeba e.w. Sewyalebas, b-ni balala mivida ganmcxadeblis sanaxavad

gaTavisuflebamde

2

dRiT adre, raTa dalaparakeboda mas. Tumca

ganmcxadebelma uari ganacxada Sewyalebis SemoTavazebaze, radgan

dnestrispirelebi moiTxovdnen misi mxridan bralis aRiarebas.

23. gaTavisuflebis Semdeg ganmcxadebeli esaubra moldovisa da rumineTis

saidumlo samsaxurebis warmomadgenlebs misi kolegebis Sesaxeb, romlebic

rCebodnen dnestrispireTis cixeSi. maT uTxres ganmcxadebels, rom

xorcieldeboda zewola evropis sabWos saparlamento asambleis mxridan

ruseTis prezident b-n putinze.

24. ganmcxadebels iseTi STabeWdileba Seeqmna, rom swored rusebi idgnen

misi gaTavisuflebis ukan, radgan swored maT ganacxades, rom sTxovdnen

dnestrispirelebs mis gaTavisuflebas. rumineTis prezidentma b-nma

ilieskum daureka kidevac b-n putins. ganmcxadeblis mtkicebiT, b-ni

Sevcovi ruseTis moqalaqea da warmoadgens ruseTis saidumlo samsaxurebs.

25. rac Seexeba moldovis xelisuflebis organoebis damokidebulebas misi

gaTavisuflebis mimarT, ganmcxadebeli acxadebs, rom dnestrispirelebis

mier dakavebuli 33 piri gacvales moldovis mier dakavebul kazakebze. 1992

wlis ivnisSi molaparakeba midioda mis gacvlaze prezident elcinTan

SeTanxmebis Sedegad. molaparakebebi grZeldeboda sabaJo beWdebTan,

ekonomikur urTierTobebsa da patimrebis, gansakuTrebiT avadmyofi

patimrebis gacvlasTan dakavSirebiT. Tumca, ganmcxadeblis mtkicebiT, mis

SemTxvevaSi moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma ar gaakeTes yvelaferi,

risi gakeTebac SeeZloT.

26. ruseTis federaciis xelisuflebis organoebi pasuxismgebelni arian

imaze, rac xdeba dnestrispireTSi. ruseTis federacia warmoadgens sabWoTa

kavSiris samarTalmemkvidres. 1992 wels aRar arsebobda sabWoTa kavSiri.

omi mimdinareobda ruseTsa da moldovas Soris.

me-14 armia monawileobas iRebda moldovis winaaRmdeg mimarTul agresiaSi,

igi dnestrispireTis Zalebs amaragebda iaraRiT – maT Soris avtomatebiT,

tankebiT, javSanmanqanebiT, marTvadi saraketo sistemebiT. dnestrispireTSi

aris mxolod erTi SeiaraRebuli Zalebis Stabbina da da es aris me-14

armiis Stabbina. sabrZolo velebze mimdinare movlenebTan dakavSirebiT

brZanebebi swored iqidan gaicemoda. generali lebedi ibrZoda moldovis

winaaRmdeg, magram man gadaarCina ganmcxadeblis sicocxle, radgan uari

ganacxada ganmcxadeblis gadacemaze im dnestrispirelebisTvis, romlebic

mividnen mis wasayvanad brZolis velze megobrebis dakargvis tragediiT

aRtkinebulni.

dnestrispireTis uzenaesma sabWom Tavisi xelisuflebis qveS Seiyvana me-14

armia. generali lebedi arCeulic ki iyo dnestrispireTis parlamentis

wevrad. me-14 armiis rusi oficrebi warmarTavdnen samxedro operaciebs da

dnestrispireTis

SeiaraRebuli

Zalebis

warmomadgenlebi

mxolod

simbolurad iyvnen amaSi CarTulni. rodesac generali iakovlevi

dakavebuli iqna konfliqtis win kiSiniovSi, aRniSnuli ganxorcielda

swored im eWvis safuZvelze, rom igi aiaraRebda dnestrispirelebs me-14

armiis iaraRiT. ganmcxadebels b-nma leSkom, romelic muSaobda qarxanaSi,

Seatyobina, rom me-14 armiis warmomadgenlebs iaraRi mihqondaT qarxanaSi,

raTa SeeiaraRebinaT iqauri muSebi.

ruseTis federacia cdilobda dnestrispireTis mxardaWeras. igi mxars

uWers dnestrispireTis reJims samxedro, politikuri da ekonomikuri

TvalsazrisiT. ruseTi ufasod aZlevs dnestrispireTs bunebriv airs,

kreditis saxiT dnestrispireTs misca 79-80 milioni amerikuli dolaris

krediti, bazrebi Riaa dnestrispireTisaTvis. b-ni smirnovi iRebda

samxedro jildoebs ruseTidan. ruseTis federacia icavs am ukanono

reJims, TviT strasburgSi gamarTuli samarTalwarmoebis procesSic ki.

ganmcxadebeli Tvlis, rom es ar aris eTnikuri konfliqti, aramed atarebs

politikuri konfliqtis saxes. dnestrispireTis teritoria ruseTis

federaciis kontrolis qveS aris.

27.

rac

Seexeba

moldovis

xelisuflebis

organoebs,

simarTles

warmoadgens is faqti, rom dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebi

mtrulad

iyvnen

maTdami

ganwyobilni.

ganmcxadeblis

mtkicebiT,

dnestrispirelebi faSistebi da imperialistebi arian. ganmcxadebeli mzad

iyo, ukan gaetana mis mier adamianis uflebaTa evropul sasamarTloSi

Setanili ganacxadi moldovasTan mimarTebaSi im pirobiT, rom moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebi warudgendnen mas 1991-1992 wlebis konfliqtSi

ruseTis xelisuflebis organoebis monawileobis aRmwer dokumentebs.

ganmcxadebelma uwyis, rom moldovas gaaCnia aseTi masalebi – dokumentebi,

tyved ayvanili rusi oficrebis dakiTxvis videoCanawerebi da a.S.

ganmcxadeblis mtkicebiT, b-nma moreim, iusticiis ministrma, ganucxada mas,

rom moldovis mTavroba ver daeTanxmdeboda xsenebul pirobas, radgan

gazs moldovas ruseTis federacia awvdida.

28. ganmcxadebeli Civis, rom erT-erTi mowme, romlis gamoZaxebac mas

surda, q-ni olga Capitina, nacemi iqna da saavadmyofoSi wevs.

29. moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi ganmcxadebels ganixilavdnen,

rogorc parlamentis wevrs, miuxedavad imisa, rom igi sasjels ixdida da

cixeSi imyofeboda. Tumca mTavrobis saidumlo samsaxurebma, romlebic

saTaveSi movidnen 1992 wlis Semdeg, miatoves ganmcxadebeli da misi

kolegebi.

ganmcxadeblebis gaTavisufleba. rodesac ganmcxadebeli gaaTavisufles, b-

nma valeriu pasatma ironiulad aRniSna: `zogierTi politikosi

maT

ar

gaukeTebiaT

araferi,

raTa

uzrunveleyoT

emigrirebas apirebs~. prezidentma snegurma ganacxada, rom ganmcxadebeli

zedmetad emxroboda rumineTTan gaerTianebas. moldovis parlamentma

miiRo ramdenime rezolucia ganmcxadeblis mxardasaWerad da moiTxova b-ni

ilaSkus

gaTavisufleba.

magram

aRmasrulebel

xelisuflebas

ar

gaukeTebia praqtikulad araferi amis gansaxorcieleblad. moldova ver

axorcielebda veranair kontrols dnestrispireTis teritoriaze 1992

wlidan dRemde.

2. tatiana leSko

30. 1992 wlis ivnisSi q-ni leSko cxovrobda tiraspolSi. igi ar iyo

saxlSi, rodesac misi meuRle daakaves. man radioTi Seityo 3 ivniss, rom

dakavebuli iqna teroristTa jgufi ilie ilaSkus meTaurobiT. 4 ivniss igi

mivida miliciaSi, sadac ganucxades, rom gvari leSko ar figurirebda maT

CanawerebSi. 3 dRis ganmavlobaSi mas ar gaaCnda aranairi saxis cnoba. 6

ivniss prokurorma starojoukma ganucxada mas: `me ar SemiZlia giTxraT

raime~. igi wavida sxva prokuroris sanaxavad, magram ar SeuSves, ubralod

gamoagdes iqidan. q-ni leSko dabrunda miliciis ganyofilebaSi, sadac

starojouki kiTxavda mowmeebs Tavis kabinetSi. man ganucxada, rom misi

meuRle dakavebuli iyo teroristuli aqtebis Cadenis gamo. miuxedavad

imisa, rom mowme 12 wlis ganmavlobaSi iyo gaTxovili, mas arasodes gaugia

raime terorizmis Sesaxeb mTeli am 12 wlis ganmavlobaSi. 9 ivniss mas neba

ar darTes, enaxa meuRle. 10 ivniss igi Caiyvanes sardafSi, sadac saSineli

suni iyo. man ver icno qmari, romelsac Tmebi gaburZgnoda da ConCxs ufro

hgavda.

31. rac Seexeba dakavebas, mezoblebma ganucxades q-n leSkos, rom

xsenebuli ganxorcielda dilis 3 saaTsa da 30 wuTze. binis Cxreka

ganxorcielda

3

ivniss. mowmes misma qmarma uTxra, rom formebSi

gamowyobili jariskacebi mividnen mis dasakaveblad. isini oTxni iyvnen. mas

ar daunaxavs, vin gaakeTa es. mas mekarem dauZaxa da uTxres, rom Caecva da

maTTan erTad wasuliyo. igi dakavebuli iqna policiis oficris, b-ni

gusanis mier da waiyvanes `volgis~ tipis manqaniT, romelsac mihyveboda b-

ni gusanis jipi 6 sxva adamianiT. igi dakiTxes b-nma gorbovma da b-nma

antiufeevma, romelic amJamad dnestrispireTis mTavrobis wevria. igi

hyavdaT miliciis SenobaSi, sadac Cveulebriv mihyavT dakavebuli

samoqalaqo pirebi. 6 dRis ganmavlobaSi registraturaSi aranairi Canaweri

ar yofila gakeTebuli masTan dakavSirebiT.

rodesac mowmem dainaxa meuRle miliciis SenobaSi, staroujuki aseve iq

imyofeboda, calke kabinetSi. mowmem ar uwyoda, Tuki ilaSkuc iq

imyofeboda. igi ar icnobda ilaSkus piradad. rodesac man qmari pirvelad

naxa, igi arafers akeTebda garda Wamisa, mgeliviT daacxra mitanil qaTams

da bevr wyals ayolebda. man cols uTxra, rom arafers aWmevdnen da

asmevdnen.

32. mowmes meore Sexvedra hqonda qmarTan daaxloebiT 1 Tvis Semdeg.

xsenebul periodSi mas neba ar darTes, enaxa an saWmeli gadaeca

meuRlisaTvis. man wamoiRo WuWyiani tansacmeli, romelic savse iyo

parazitebiT. jempers laqebi etyoboda Tirkmelebis midamoebSi. rogorc

Cans, igi scemes. morigi Sexvedra, daaxloebiT 1 Tvis Semdeg, gaimarTa imave

SenobaSi, isev sardafSi. mogvianebiT ki, 2 Tvis Semdeg, kidev erTi Sexvedra

gaimarTa starojoukis kabinetSi.

33. qmarma mowmes uambo, rom daaxloebiT 1 Tve gaatara ruseTis me-14 armiis

StabbinaSi, komendaturaSi. igi acxadebda, rom iq saSineleba iyo. sami

jariskaci urtyamda mkerdsa da ubeSi; igi Sardavda sisxls; erT-erTma

jariskacma seqsualuri urTierTobac ki SesTavaza. igi tualetSi dReSi

erTxel gahyavdaT xolme da aZlevdnen mxolod 45 wams, raTa

daekmayofilebina bunebrivi moTxovnilebebi, Semdeg ki tualetSi uSvebdnen

ZaRls, romelic aiZulebda, gamosuliyo tualetidan, da abrunebdnen

sakanSi. mas ar aZlevdnen dabanis uflebas imitom, rom iq ar iyo wyali,

riTac SeeZlo daebana. ar iyo wyali da saWmeli. man ar icoda im pirebis

saxelebi da gvarebi, romlebic arasaTanadod moepyrnen. maT ar

warudgeniaT TavianTi Tavi. isini atarebdnen ruseTis specialuri

daniSnulebis jarebis formebs. isini me-14 armiidan iyvnen da Zalze

dakunTulni iyvnen.

mowmes Tavisma meuRlem uambo, rom rodesac me-14 armiis komendaturaSi

imyofeboda, milicielebs hqondaT misi saknis gasaRebi. masze Tavdasxma

xdeboda xolme, rodesac mcvelebi daTvrebodnen 3 jariskacTan erTad.

mcvelebi aZlevdnen jariskacebs gasaRebs garkveuli mizeziT. swored amis

Semdeg Sevardebodnen xolme jariskacebi sakanSi, Tavs esxmodnen mas da

cdilobdnen, gaeupatiurebinaT.

34. komendaturaSi man naxa ilie ilaSku, romelic eqvemdebareboda, rogorc

amas uwodebdnen, sikvdiliT dasjis imitirebas. man dainaxa, rogor

gayavdaT ilie ilaSku Tvalebakruli, gaigona gasrolebi da dainaxa

natyviarebi kedelze, magram mogvianebiT gaigo, rom ilie ilaSku cocxali

iyo. mowmis meuRle axsenebda gvars: gorbovs da antiufeevs. man

2

ganacxada, rom komendaturis Semdgom isini midiodnen masTan dasakiTxad

yovelRame miliciis StabbinaSi. polkovniki bergmani iyo komendaturis

komendanti. isini erTmaneTs komendaturaSi xvdebodnen.

35. 1993 wels msjavrdebis Semdeg mowmis meuRle gadayvanili iqna

tiraspolis #2 sapyrobileSi. es iyo erTaderTi sapyrobile, sadac igi

patimrobaSi imyofeboda. pirvelad mowmem SeZlo Tavisi meuRlis naxva

sapyrobileSi gadayvanidan 3 Tvis Semdeg. mas neba darTes, daetovebina

saWmeli meuRlisaTvis. sasamarTlo samarTalwarmoebis Semdgom mowme

regularulad xvdeboda TveSi erTxel Tavis meuRles, rogorc es sisxlis

samarTlis kanonmdeblobiTaa dadgenili, SuSis ekranis miRma. maTi

mimowera isinjeboda, magram isini xSirad ar axorcielebdnen mimoweras.

weliwadSi orjer maT xangrZlivi Sexvedris nebas rTavdnen. amanaTebs

yovelTvis ar uSvebdnen. mowmis meuRle Caketili iyo calke sakanSi. mas ar

scemdnen, magram igi eqvemdebareboda moralur zewolas. Tavad mowmes

eZaxdnen ruminel roskips. mcvelebi ekiTxebodnen mas: `ratom mieyide

rumineTs, rodesac Sen rusi xar?~. mowmis meuRlis winaaRmdeg arasaTanado

mopyrobas

adgili

hqonda

miliciaSi,

magram

ara

sapyrobileSi.

sapyrobileSi arsebul saWmelSi xSirad Wiebi iyo. zogjer mowmes uflebas

aZlevdnen, mietana saWmliT avsebuli didi amanaTebi.

mowmis

meuRle

bevrs

arafers

ambobda

sapyrobileSi

arsebul

mkurnalobaze. mas hqonda pankreasis Seteva, rodesac erTxel mowme iq iyo.

piridan duJi gadmosdioda. mowme icdida mTeli dRis ganmavlobaSi, sanam

mis qmars mkurnaloba Cautardeboda. bolos eqimi movida da ganacxada, rom

saWiro iyo operaciis gakeTeba, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi igi daiRupeboda.

igi waiyvanes xelborkilebiT da fexze dadebuli xundebiT, miuxedavad

misi mdgomareobisa. eqimma mowmes misca wamlebis sia, romlebic mas unda

moetana.

operaciam

warmatebulad

Caiara.

mowmis

meuRle

miabes

savadmyofoSi mdgom sawols, miuxedavad imisa, rom wveTovani edga. mowmes

nebas rTavdnen, moenaxulebina ganmcxadebeli dReSi erTxel, magram

xsenebuls mudmivad eswreboda 4 mcveli. saavadmyofoSi yofna 2 kviris

ganmavlobaSi gagrZelda.

36. mowme acxadebs, rom misi meuRle ar iRebda raime saxis brZanebebs an

instruqciebs moldovis xelisuflebis organoebisagan mis dakavebamde 1992

wels. mowme mudmivad imyofeboda ganmcxadeblis gverdiT. igi iyo saxalxo

frontis wevri. meuRlis dakavebis Semdeg mas mouxda sacxovrebeli

adgilis datoveba. igi mivida qarxnis mesakuTresTan, magram man ganucxada:

`unda datovo bina, Sen teroristis meuRle xar~. 10 dRis Semdeg bavSviani

qali movida, raTa daekavebina bina. mowmes sdevnidnen da mas mouxda

kiSiniovSi wasvla. movlenebidan 6 Tvis Semdeg saxalxo frontma mas

sastumros oTaxi misca. rodesac igi midioda xolme tiraspolSi meuRlis

sanaxavad, igi Cerdeboda megobarTan. bolos mas misces oTaxi rogorc

ltolvils.

3. evdokia ivantoSi

37. 1992 wlis 2 ivniss mowme cxovrobda tiraspolSi. mas araferi hqonda

gagebuli e.w. `ilaSkus jgufis~ Sesaxeb, sanam misi meuRle ar daapatimres.

isini tiraspolSi cxovrobdnen.

38. mowmis meuRle dakavebuli iqna, rodesac saxlSi marto iyo. misi TqmiT,

mis saxlSi bevri SeiaraRebuli adamiani Sevida, miyar-moyares nivTebi da

scemes ganmcxadebeli gonebis dakargvamde. pirebs, romlebic saxlSi

Sevardnen, Savi formebi ecvaT. mowmis meuRle waiyvanes tiraspolis

miliciis Senobis sardafSi. mowme meuRles Sexvda dakavebidan ori dRis

Semdeg. mas etyoboda dazianebebi Sublze da erT-erT TiTze frCxili aRar

hqonda. amave dros, is Zalian WuWyiani iyo. maT ekrZalebodaT laparaki

ruminulad da unda esaubraT rusulad.

mowme Sexvda ganmcxadebels sagamoZiebo

oTaxSi, 3-4 sxva piris

TandaswrebiT. es iyo xanmokle Sexvedra da SeuZlebeli iyo, rom maT

erTmaneTTan jerovnad esaubraT. es moxda bevri kviriT adre, vidre mowme

SeZlebda ganmcxadeblisTvis saWmliani amanaTis gagzavnas.

39. miliciis Senobidan patimrebi gadaiyvanes me-14 armiis komendaturaSi,

Semdeg ki isev ukan miliciaSi. sasamarTlomde isini xan erT adgilas

imyofebodnen, xan meore. mowmes hqonda erTi xanmokle Sexvedris

SesaZlebloba Tavis meuRlesTan im periodis ganmavlobaSi, rodesac

imyofeboda

komendaturaSi.

mowmem

ar

icoda,

rom

ganmcxadebeli

datyvevebuli hyavdaT komendaturaSi. miliciis SenobaSi yofnisas man

dainaxa, Tu rogor moiyvanes misi meuRle `volgis~ tipis manqaniT da

swored amis Semdeg uTxra mas andreim: `Cven komendaturaSi varT

datyvevebulni~. konkretuli drois ganmavlobaSi maT uars ucxadebdnen

Sexvedraze. Sexvedramde ganmcxadebels asufTavebdnen ise, rom ojaxs ar

daenaxa yvela dazianeba. sardafSi patimrebis sacemad `boqsiorebs~

iyenebdnen. isini valdebulni iyvnen, elaparakaT rusulad da yovelTvis

damswreTa TandaswrebiT.

40. komendaturaSi arsebuli pirobebi saSineli iyo. ganmcxadebels Zalian

uWirda xsenebul drosTan dakavSirebiT laparaki. igi marto imyofeboda

sakanSi; sawoli kedlidan gadmoiweoda mxolod dasaZineblad, is mTeli

dRis ganmavlobaSi aweuli iyo da ganmcxadebels ar SeeZlo normalurad

Zili. isini tualetSi dReSi erTxel, Zalian mcire xnis ganmavlobaSi

gahyavdaT;

Tuki

isini

ver

aswrebdnen

bunebrivi

moTxovnilebebis

dakmayofilebas drois am mcire monakveTSi, maT ZaRlebs uqsevdnen. maT ar

aZlevdnen sakmaris saWmels. ilaSku da sxvebi patimrobaSi imyofebodnen

iqve imave dros, magram calke saknebSi; mowmis meuRles Tvalebs ukravdnen,

rodesac saknidan gareT gamohyavdaT. ganmcxadebelma uTxra mowmes, rom

isini imyofebodnen komendaturaSi

2

Tvis ganmavlobaSi, 1992 wlis

ivlisidan agvistomde. igi dakiTxvaze gahyavdaT dRisiTac da RamiTac;

zogjer mas ar aZlevdnen Zilis saSualebas, radgan dakiTxva grZeldeboda

mTeli Ramis ganmavlobaSi. ganmcxadebels ar uTqvams mowmisaTvis, Tu

konkretulad vin awarmoebda dakiTxvas. mcvelebi iyvnen me-14 armiidan.

gorbovi, starojouki da kidev erTi sxva piri monawileobdnen dakiTxvaSi.

ganmcxadebeli mowmesTan saubarSi aseve axsenebda bergmanis gvars, magram

mowmes

ar

axsovs,

Tu

ras

ambobda

ganmcxadebeli

xsenebulTan

dakavSirebiT.

41. rodesac ganmcxadebeli imyofeboda policiis patimrobaSi tiraspolSi,

mas emuqrebodnen sasikvdilo ganaCeniT. mas waekiTxa brZaneba, gaiyvanes

dasaxvretad da uTxres: `rad ginda, rom wuxxar Seni ojaxis wevrebis

vizitTan dakavSirebiT, Tuki xval mainc unda dagxvriton?~ iyo dro,

rodesac ganmcxadebeli ver cnobda mowmes. sasamarTlomde masze

zemoqmedebas axdendnen fsiqotropuli nivTierebebiT, imgvarad, rom misi

nervuli sistema gaiTiSa. Sedegad dResac ki ganmcxadebels awuxebs

mudmivi Tavis tkivili. misi qronikuli daavadeba kidev ufro gamwvavda.

sasamarTlomde igi imyofeboda saavadmyofoSi 10 dRis ganmavlobaSi.

miliciis SenobaSi patimrobisas igi gaagzavnes odesaSi fsiqiatriul

gamokvlevaze. manamde igi amgvarad ar SeumowmebiaT. odesis gamokvlevis

Sedegebi ganadgurebuli iqna. yurmokvriT mowmem icis, rom ganmcxadebels

SiSvels amyofebdnen myar zedapirze, magram mowmes ar SeuZlia

daadasturos, rom ganmcxadebeli cdilobda Tavis CamoxrCobas.

42. 1993 wlis sasamarTlos Semdeg mowmem ganmcxadebeli naxa 1 Tvis Semdeg,

nebarTvis

micemisTanave.

movlenebis

gamwvaveba

zegavlenas

axdenda

vizitebzec. mas ar SeeZlo Tavisuflad moenaxulebina Tavisi meuRle;

mowmes uxdeboda werilis miwera b-n SevcovTan, raTa mieRo Tanxmoba. didi

xnis ganmavlobaSi mowmes ekrZaleboda ruminul enaze dabeWdili gazeTebis

gadacema ganmcxadeblisaTvis, yvela gazeTi rusul enaze iyo. mas ar

SeeZlo meuRlesTan mimowera. ganmcxadebels amyofebdnen ganmartoebiT

patimrobaSi, cixis yvelaze kargad dacul nawilSi. iq sineste iyo, Weridan

wyali Camodioda da sakanSi ar Semodioda dRis sinaTle. ganmcxadebelze

permanentulad

xorcieldeboda

fsiqologiuri

zewola.

1999

wels

ganmcxadebelze ganxorcielda fizikuri Tavdasxma, rodesac niRbiani

pirebi Sevidnen mis sakanSi joxebiT da scemes. mis sakanSi arsebuli yvela

sagani daamsxvries, xolo misi piradi moxmarebis sagnebi gaitanes. es aris

dro, rodesac ganmcxadebelma daiwyo SimSiloba. 1999 wlis incidenti

moxda maSin, rodesac mowmis meuRlem ganacxadi Seitana adamianis

uflebaTa evropul sasamarTloSi da win uswrebda sturcas mTavrobis

arCevas. ganmcxadebels ar aZlevdnen uflebas, wynarad yofiliyo Tavis

sakanSi, radgan iyo drois monakveTi, rodesac yoveldRe viRac cdilobda

masze fsiqologiuri zewolis ganxorcielebas.

43. mowmem saCivriT mimarTa moldovis xelisuflebis mraval organos. mas

pirdapir ar miumarTavs iusticiis saministrosaTvis. sxva ganmcxadeblebis

colebTan erTad man mimarTa respublikis prezidentsa da saministros,

romelic dakavebuli iyo dnestrispireTis sakiTxebiT. pasuxad isini

daarwmunes, rom mimdinareobda molaparakeba da movlenebic normalur

kalapotSi Cadgeboda. es maSinac ase xdeboda, rodesac maT generalur

prokurors mimarTes. magram xsenebuli qmedebebidan araferi gamovida.

ganmcxadebelTa colebma aseve mimarTes ombudsmens, magram maT ganucxades,

rom ombudsmens ar SeeZlo saqmis detalebSi Rrmad Cawvdoma, radgan ar

gaaCnda sakmarisi Zalaufleba, misi uflebamosileba ar vrceldeboda

dnestrispireTis mxareze da yvelaferi damokidebuli iyo xelisuflebis

zemdgom

organoebze

–

sxva

sityvebiT

rom

vTqvaT,

prezidentis

administraciasa da saxelmwifo xelisuflebis sxva organoebze.

mowmis meuRle euTo-s misiam moinaxula sapyrobileSi 1999 wels.

44. sapyrobileSi ar xorcieldeboda normaluri samedicino daxmarebis

aRmoCena. mowme daJinebiT moiTxovda, rom kiSiniovidan Camosul eqims

gaesinja ganmcxadebeli tiraspolis sapyrobileSi. mas RviZli awuxebda,

hqonda maRali wneva, awuxebda Tirkmelic. mowmes yvela wamali mohqonda

saxlidan, radgan cixeSi ar xorcieldeboda aranairi samedicino

daxmareba.

45. 2003 wlis 15 Tebervals mowmes uari ganucxades meuRlesTan Sexvedraze,

magram man moaxerxa meuRlis naxva erTi kviris Semdeg. ganmcxadebeli

mouyva mowmes, rom garkveuli pirebi kvlav Seuvardnen sakanSi da

gaanadgures piradi moxmarebis yvela nivTi.

56. miuxedavad imisa, rom andrei ivantoSs esaWiroeba specialuri dieta,

igi ver iRebs saWiro sakvebs. igi Tavad amzadebs saWmels amanaTebSi

arsebuli produqtebidan, romlebsac mas ojaxi ugzavnis. tiraspolis

sapyrobilis

administraciam

aukrZala

ganmcxadebels

fsiqiatrTan

Sexvedra. Tumca sul axlaxans kiSiniovidan Casulma eqimebma moinaxules

ganmcxadebeli, magram maT aekrZalaT daskvnis gacnoba ganmcxadeblisaTvis.

sapyrobilis eqimi eswreboda gasinjvas sxva 3-4 adamianTan erTad,

romlebic dacvis samsaxurSi msaxurobdnen.

47. mowmem ar uwyis raime misi meuRlis mier moldovidan raime saxis

instruqciebis miRebasTan dakavSirebiT. mis dakiTxvas ar eswreboda aravin

moldovis respublikidan, eswrebodnen mxolod pirebi tiraspolidan.

mowmis azriT, moldovis xelisuflebis organoebs SeeZloT ufro aqtiurni

yofiliyvnen, kerZod ki saqmeSi ufro aqtiurad CaerToT saerTaSoriso

organizaciebi.

4. raisa petrov-popa

48. 1992 wlis ivnisSi mowme cxovrobda moldovaSi misi mSoblebis

sofelSi. misi Zma cxovrobda tiraspolSi. igi iq imyofeboda 6 wlis

ganmavlobaSi Tavis colTan da ojaxTan (vaJiSvilTan) erTad. mowme ar

imyofeboda tiraspolSi, rodesac ganmcxadebeli daakaves; man dakavebis

Sesaxeb movlenebidan erTi kviris Semdeg gaigo, rodesac ganmcxadeblis

meuRlem daureka da uTxra, rom RamiT maT ojaxSi mividnen viRac pirebi

da

daakaves

ganmcxadebeli.

ganmcxadeblis

meuRlis

mtkicebiT,

ganmcxadebeli waiyvanes me-14 armiis teritoriaze. mowmem pirvelad naxa

ganmcxadebeli misi sasamarTlo samarTalwarmoebis dros da ar hqonia

masTan

dalaparakebis

SesaZlebloba.

mowme

daelaparaka

mxolod

ganmcxadeblis cols, romelmac uTxra, rom ganmcxadebels cixeSi

arasaTanadod epryobodnen. sasamarTlos Semdeg mowmes xandaxan eZleoda

xolme SesaZlebloba, Sexvedroda ganmcxadebels sapyrobileSi. mowme

Zalian iSviaTad swerda xolme mas da iRebda misgan werilebs. rodesac

ojaxi ugzavnida ganmcxadebels werilebs, igi xSirad ambobda, rom ar

miuRia araferi.

49. mowmis Zma patimrobaSi imyofeboda tiraspolis sapyrobileSi gasul

wlamde. igi ar laparakobda sapyrobileSi mis mimarT ganxorcielebul

mopyrobaze. Sexvedras yovelTvis eswrebodnen xolme pirebi, romlebic

xels

uSlidnen

maT,

elaparakaT

sxva

Temebze

garda

ojaxisa.

ganmcxadebeli zogjer axerxebda imis Tqmas, rom igi gamohyavdaT saknidan

RamiT an sityvier Seuracxyofas ayenebdnen. ganmcxadebels arasodes

uxsenebia raime mkurnalobis Sesaxeb.

50. mowmes ar miumarTavs moldovis xelisuflebis organoebisaTvis Tavisi

Zmis saxeliT, raTa ecada misi gaTavisufeba; misma colma es gaakeTa, magram

mowmem ar icoda, xelisuflebis romel organoebs mimarTa ganmcxadeblis

meuRlem. mowmem aseve ar icoda, axorcielebdnen Tu ara raimes moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebi misi Zmis dakavebisa da msjavrdebis Semdeg.

51. mowmem ganacxadi warmoadgina Tavisi Zmis saxeliT. sasamarTlo

samarTalwarmoebamde igi ar icnobda ilaSkus, leSkosa da ivantoSs.

5. stefan uritu

52. mowme iyo tiraspolis mudmivi macxovrebeli. axla igi kiSiniovSi

cxovrobs. is aris adamianis uflebaTa helsinkis komitetis Tavmjdomare

da tiraspolis saxelmwifo universitetis profesori, romlis Stabbinac

kiSiniovSia.

53. 1992 wlis ivnisisaTvis mowme tiraspolSi cxovrobda 19 wlis

ganmavlobaSi. igi icnobda ilaSkusa da ivantoSs, magram ar icnobda

leSkosa da petrov-popas. igi iyo saxalxo frontis wevri. magram 1992 wels

ilaSkum gamoaqveyna gancxadeba, romlis Tanaxmadac mowme garicxuli iqna

saxalxo frontidan prosneguruli Sexedulebebis gamo.

54. igi daakaves 1992 wlis 2 ivniss, ilaSkus dakavebidan 12 saaTis Semdeg.

man ar icoda, Tu vin iyvnen is adamianebi, romlebic monawileobdnen mis

dakavebaSi. mogvianebiT man Seityo, rom yovelive amis ukan idgnen

prokurori luCiki da me-14 armiis meTauri polkovniki bergmani. luCiki iyo

tiraspolis moldoveli prokurori. SemdgomSi separatistebma saxeli

gadaarqves mis Tanamdebobas da igi gaxda `moldovis dnestrispireTis

respublikis~ prokurori.

55. pirebs, romlebmac daakaves mowme, ar ecvaT uniformebi. dakavebisas man

saxlis garSemo SeniSna ramdenime manqana, romlebic ekuTvnoda ruseTis

armias. igi waiyvanes miliciis SenobaSi tiraspolSi. mas piradad ar

unaxavs bergmani, magram naxa armiis kuTvnili manqanebi da im pirebma,

romlebmac daakaves, uTxres, rom xsenebulSi CarTuli iyo bergmani.

56. mowme imyofeboda miliciis SenobaSi 1992 wlis

2

ivnisidan 21

agvistomde. man iq karis WuWrutanidan dainaxa ilaSku, magram drois

umetes nawilSi ilaSku imyofeboda me-14 armiis SenobaSi usafrTxoebis

interesebidan gamomdinare. mowmis saknis mopirdapire sakanSi imyofebodnen

leSko, ilaSku, ivantoSi da sxvebi garda im droisa, rodesac isini me-14

armiis teritoriaze ar hyavdaT datyvevebuli. mTavari 6 patimari iq

hyavdaT datyvevebuli 1992 wlis seqtembramde. daaxloebiT 30 adamiani iqna

dakavebuli operaciis Sedegad. erTxel mowmem gaigona SeSlili piris

kivili. es iyo ivantoSi, radgan mas im dRes uTxres, rom unda daexvritaT.

57. mowme elaparaka leSkos, romelmac Tqva, rom miliciis SenobaSi

arsebuli patimrobis pirobebi aSkarad ukeTesi iyo me-14 armiaSi arsebul

pirobebTan SedarebiT, radgan iq usafrTxoebis ufro mkacri zomebi iyo.

yovelive xsenebuli benderSi xdeboda.

58. mowmes komendaturaSi dakavebulma pirebma uTxres, rom maTi sawolebi

kedelze iweoda dilis 5-6 saaTze..., rom ar aZlevdnen sakvebs, rom sakanSi

ar iyo sinaTle da a.S. leSkom aseve ganucxada mas, rom isini

daeqvemdebarnen sikvdiliT fiqtiur dasjas.

59. mowmem miiRo werili sasamarTloze potenciuri mowmisagan, romelic

afrTxilebda, rom Tu daadasturebda imas, rom ilaSku nacemi iqna, igi

dakargavda samsaxurs. xsenebuli piri axla patimrobaSia. igi gamoZaxebuli

iqna Cvenebis misacemad tiraspolSi tiraspolis xelisuflebis organoebis

mier da mas hkiTxes, miscemda Tu ara imave Cvenebas axlac.

60. miliciaSi patimrobis ganmavlobaSi mowmes kiTxavda Sevcovi anu

antiufeevi, rogorc axla Tavis Tavs eZaxis. mowme iyo 1990 wels Seqmnili

adamianis uflebaTa komitetis Tavmjdomare da xeli miuwvdeboda

dnestrispireTSi arsebul situaciaze. Zalian bevri xalxi midioda masTan

informaciis misaRebad. moldovis konstituciuri xelisuflebis organoebi

Tavidan iridebdnen pasuxismgeblobas im qmedebebTan dakavSirebiT,

romlebsac separatistebi axorcielebdnen. Sevcovi, romelsac mowme im

droisaTvis ar icnobda, ufro kargad gawvrTnili profesionali iyo,

vidre yvela sxva erTad aRebuli moldoveli. mowmem uTxra mas, rom iseTi

STabeWdileba eqmneboda, TiTqos igi ruseTidan iyo

–

radgan misi

moskovuri aqcenti da profesionalizmi naTlad metyvelebda amaze.

rodesac man mogvianebiT dainaxa Sevcovi televiziiT, gaaanaliza, Tu vin

iyo igi. es iyo is adamiani, romelmac ganaxorciela Tavdasxma rigis

satelevizio anZaze 1991 wels. man da misma 11 TanamSromelma Seqmnes qseli

baltiispireTis respublikebSi, magram Semdeg brZanes maTi gadasrola

moskovidan tiraspolSi. mas icnobdnen antiufeevis gvariT, magram mis

meoTxe pasportSi misi gvari iyo Sevcovi. amJamad igi ar malavs, rom

antiufeevi da Sevcovi erTi da igive piria.

61. mowme advokatis TandaswrebiT dakiTxes mxolod erTxel. Semdeg igi

dakiTxes RamiT b-nma gorbovma da kidev sxva pirma. isini arasaTanadod

moepyrnen mas da aiZulebdnen, xeli moewera dokumentze, magram man amaze

uari ganacxada.

62. mowme ar gausamarTlebiaT. igi gaaTavisufles 82 dRiani patimrobis

Semdeg. man ar icis, Tu ratom gaaTavisufles, miuxedavad imisa, rom masac

imave braldebebs uyenebdnen terorizmis CadenaSi. ganmcxadeblebis

sasamarTlo samarTalwarmoebis mimdinareobisas mowmem gaugzavna depeSa

e.w. `dnestrispireTis uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomares~, q-n ivanovas, da

TxovniT mimarTa mas, raTa sasamarTlos moesmina misTvis. mas uari uTxres.

pasuxSi miTiTebuli iyo, rom igi iyo kriminali, romelic imsaxurebda

gisosebs miRma yofnas ilaSkusTan erTad da SeuZlebeli iyo mowmis saxiT

misi mosmena. prokurorma lukiCma, romelsac mowme daukavSirda, ganucxada

mas, rom meored ukve veRar daicavda.

63. mowme gaaTavisufles xelwerilis safuZvelze, rom ar datovebda

tiraspols. staroujukma miiyvana igi tiraspolSi mis saxlamde. misi

sacxovreblidan aranairi piradi moxmarebis nivTi ar iyo waRebuli. mowmem

piroba dado, ar gaekeTebina gancxadebebi presisaTvis. mas daukavSirda

memorialis jgufi odesidan, romelmac miiwvia igi odesaSi. rodesac man

adgilobrivi xelisuflebis organoebs mimarTa TxovniT ukrainaSi wasvlis

nebarTvasTan dakavSirebiT, pirvelad mas uari ganucxades, magram

mogvianebiT man miiRo es nabarTva. Tumca mowme ukrainis nacvlad

kiSiniovSi gaiqca.

63. mowme acxadebda, rom ivantoSis saxli garSemortymuli iyo samxedro

manqanebiT da man daaskvna, rom dakavebaSi monawileobas iRebda me-14 armiis

polkovniki bergmani.

65. generali iakovlevi dakavebuli iqna moldovis xelisuflebis

organoebis mier separatistebis iaraRiT momaragebis braldebiT. mowmes

nanaxi aqvs detaluri sia, Tu ramdeni iaraRi iqna gacemuli da visze.

iaraRi gadaecemoda xalxs saxlebSi imgvarad, rom maT SeZlebodaT

winaaRmdegobis gaweva moldovis konstituciuri ZalebisaTvis. rac Seexeba

generali iakovlevis dakavebas, mowmem gaigo, rom b-ni ilaSku iq

imyofeboda, raTa daedasturebina im oficrebisaTvis, romlebic dakavebaSi

iRebdnen monawileobas, rom isini marTlac generals akavebdnen. iakovlevi

iyo samoqalaqo formaSi da apirebda odesaSi gaqcevas, radgan eWvobda,

rom dakaveba emuqreboda.

66. mogvianebiT generali iakovlevi gacvales 28 moldovelze. SemdgomSi 23

moldoveli policieli gaicvala SeiaraRebuli formirebis 23 jariskacze.

25-35 kaciani jgufebi mudmivad igzavneboda dnestrispireTidan moskovSi,

raTa momxdariyo maTi samxedro gawvrTna usafrTxoebis sakiTxebSi

batalionebis

Seqmnis

mizniT.

mowmem

icoda

xsenebulis

Sesaxeb

jariskacebisagan.

67. gaTavisuflebis Semdeg mowmem ramdenimejer moinaxula tiraspoli.

erTxel igi warmoadgenda helsinkis komitetis wevrs. Semdeg igi Cavida

tiraspolSi dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis gafrTxilebis gareSe.

68. mowme Tvlis, rom moldovam ar ganaxorciela da ar axorcielebs

yvelafers, rac ZaluZs, raTa uzrunvelyos Sesabamisoba moldovis

kanonmdeblobasTan im 600 000 mZevlisaTvis, romlebic dnestrispireTis

reJimis xelSi imyofebian.

69. movlenebze ruseTis rolTan dakavSirebiT mowmem Semdegi ganacxada:

maRali Tanamdebobis rusma xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebma

ganaxorcieles vizitebi tiraspolSi 1989 wlidan, rodesac miRebuli iqna

pirveli kanoni moldovuri enis Sesaxeb. ruseTis xelisuflebis

warmomadgenlebi aseve Cavidnen kiSiniovSi. moskovis saerTaSoriso

urTierTobebis institutma ganaviTara dnestrispireTis idea im

SemTxvevaSi, Tuki moldova ar miscemda mas garkveuli xarisxiT

kulturul avtonomias. dRis wesrigSi dadga tribunalis Seqmna moldovis

mier humanitaruli samarTlis darRvevasTan dakavSirebiT. am droisaTvis

suk-is TanamSromlebi ar eqvemdebarebodnen moskovis kontrols; isini

cdilobdnen, SeenarCunebinaT sabWoTa imperia. nikolai midveevma, ruseTis

federaciis

saparlamento

komitetis

wevrma,

moiTxova

smirnovis

gaTavisufleba, rodesac es ukanaskneli imyofeboda patimrobaSi. man

warmoadgina

magaliTad,

garkveuli

smirnovi

garantiebi

aRar gaagrZelebda

smirnovis

gasaTavisufleblad,

saxelmwifo

moldovis

struqturebis daSlas, aRar daarRvevda moldovis kanonmdeblobas da

ruseTi moaxdenda moldova-ruseTis SeTanxmebis ratificirebas. Tumca

xsenebuli SeTanxmeba ar iqna ratificirebuli 2001 wlamde, rodesac

komunisturi partiis reJimi movida xelisuflebaSi. xsenebuli manevrebis

ukan idgnen fsb, kazakebi da ruseTis mier Seqmnili sxva struqturebi,

radgan laparaki midioda im teritoriaze, romelzec ruseTs surda

kontrolis SenarCuneba.

70. mowmis dakavebis dRes, rodesac igi waiyvanes uSiSroebis samsaxurSi,

man naxa Zalze mniSvnelovani piri, romelic gamodioda Senobidan. es iyo

makaSovi. man moinaxula separatistuli respublika da ganacxada, rom

aseTi SeiaraRebiT isini ver gaumklavdebodnen ruminel faSistebs da rom

igi apirebda dnestrispirelTaTvis gamoegzavna ukeTesi iaraRi da rom

ruseTi maT daexmareboda. masalebi mogvianebiT iqna gamogzavnili

ruseTidan, daaxloebiT 100 radiomarTvadi antisatanko Wurvi, magram

mxolod 15-ma miaRwia daniSnulebis adgils tiraspolSi. SemdgomSi iyo

gancxadebebi b-ni dakovis mxridan, romelic iyo tiraspolis msubuqi

mrewvelobis ministri. man aRiara, rom me-14 armia atarebda separatistebis

uniformebs an samoqalaqo tansacmels, rodesac ibrZoda separatistebis

mxares. me-14 armiis jariskacebi mokles brZolaSi. magaliTad, 1992 wlis

aprilSi me-14 armiis oficeri da 4 jariskaci mokles omSi. maTi cxedrebi

gamotanili iqna brZolis velidan, raTa gadagzavniliyo ruseTis

federaciaSi da mowmem da misma studentebma dainaxes isini, radgan

monawileobas iRebdnen gacilebis ceremonialSi.

71. kazakebis jgufebi, romlebic monawileobas iRebdnen brZolebSi,

darazmulni iyvnen ruseTis federaciis mier, rodesac am ukanasknelma

gaaanaliza, rom sabWoTa kavSiris teritoriuli mTlianobis SenarCuneba

veRar xerxdeboda. kazakebi Cavidnen 1990 wels. ruseTma ganacxada, rom

xsenebuli warmoadgenda kerZo iniciativas, romelic dakavSirebuli ar iyo

xelisuflebis organoebTan. kazakebi cxovrobdnen sastumroebSi. 1992 wlis

1 da 2 marts, rodesac daiwyo omi, maT mizans warmoadgenda, xeli

SeeSalaT moldovisaTvis gaero-Si gawevrianebaSi. bendersa da dubasariSi,

sadac kvlavac rCeboda konstituciuri policiis ganyofilebebi _ bolo

adgilebi dnestrispireTSi sadac moldovas gaaCnda samarTaldamcavi

organoebi, adgili hqonda Tavdasxmas, romelic organizebuli iyo rateevis

_ erT-erTi kazakis mier. igi amave dros iyo ruseTis uSiSroebis erT-erTi

wamyvani jgufis `alfas~ wevri.

72. 1993 wels separatistulma reJimma Seqmna parlamenti. generali lebedi

arCeuli iqna uzenaes sabWoSi. generalma lebedma Tavad ganacxada, rom igi

iyo erT-erTi im pirTagan, vinc uzrunvelyofda dnestrispireTis

respublikis damoukideblobas da rom aman gamoiwvia ramdenime gradis

tipis Wurvis gasrola moldovis teritoriis mimarTulebiT. amis Semdeg

lebedma ganacxada, rom prezidenti sneguri daTanxmda, ewarmoebina

molaparakeba smirnovTan.

73. omis ganmavlobaSi dnestrispireTis mxares gaaCnda tankebi da

javSantransportiorebi, romlebic atarebdnen ruseTis armiis emblemas –

mowmem es Tavad dainaxa – da maT aseve mxarSi edgnen kazakebis jarebi.

erTxel mowme benderSi wavida. rodesac man gadakveTa xidi, dainaxa Zalian

bevri tanki, romlebzec aRmarTuli iyo ruseTis droSa. sxva tankebze

frialebda separatistebis droSa. man ikiTxa, Tu ratom iyvnen iq ruseTis

jarebi da pasuxad miiRo, rom isini monawileobas iRebdnen varjiSebsa da

manevrebSi. kiSiniovSi Tavdacvis saministroSi gamarTul Sexvedraze, sadac

warmoebda molaparakebebi, mowmem gaakeTa gancxadeba damswre sagareo

saqmeTa ministrebis, maT Soris b-ni kozirevisa da b-ni netkaCovis, romelic

maSin iyo me-14 armiis xelmZRvaneli, winaSe. mowmem maT ganucxada, rom igi

aprotestebda im faqts, rom me-14 armia pirdapir monawileobas iRebda omSi.

molaparakebis monawileebma miuges mas, rom Cavidodnen benderSi da Tavad

Seecdebodnen mtkicebulebebis mopovebas.

74. gaTavisuflebis Semdeg mowmem yvelaferi gaakeTa, rac ki SeeZlo, rom

darCenili 6 piri gaTavisuflebuliyo. dnestrispireTis reJimisTvis isini

warmoadgendnen simboloebs, raTa sxvebs aRar gasCenodaT survili,

gamoexataT politikuri Sexedulebebi. prokurorma irtenevma mowmes

ganucxada, rom moskovi dainteresebuli iyo moldovis xelisuflebis

organoebis mier dapatimrebuli pirebis gaTavisuflebiT. prokurorma

irtenevma mowmes ganucxada, rom moldova TaRliTobda imgvarad, rom mas

surda sxva naklebmniSvnelovani pirebis gaTavisufleba da ara mowmis 6

kolegisa. moldovam gaaTavisufla yvela, rusi Tu tiraspoleli, vinc

monawileobas iRebda brZolebSi, maSin, rodesac tiraspolis reJims yvela

ar gauTavisuflebia da analogiuri nabiji ar gadaudgams.

75. mowmem ar icoda, Tu ratom daakaves igi an ratom gaaTavisufles;

arsebobda

moiTxovda mis gaTavisuflebas, saministro garantias iZleoda, rom

uzrunvelyofda mowmis warmodgenas gamoZiebis winaSe saWiroebis

werili

moldovis

ganaTlebis

saministrodan,

romelic

SemTxvevaSi. mowmes gaaCnda bevri informacia separatistebis Sesaxeb da

xsenebulis gamo ar awyobdaT, rom igi mowmed gamosuliyo sasamarTloze.

aleqs kokotkinma, rusuli gazeTis Jurnalistma, mowmis dakavebamde scada,

daerwmunebina igi separatistul reJimTan TanamSromlobis upiratesobaSi.

mowmem igi bolos naxa gamomZiebelTa kabinetSi, sadac igi ise iqceoda,

TiTqosda ufrosi yofiliyo. kokotkinma uTxra mas, rom damatebiTi

rusuli

jarebi

iqna

Camoyvanili,

raTa

uzrunvelyofiliyo

dnestrispireTis damoukideblobis dacva; maT samSvidobo jarebs eZaxdnen.

xsenebul Jurnalists SesaZloa mniSvnelovani roli eTamaSa mowmis

gaTavisuflebaSi.

76. mowme aseve acxadebda, rom SeeZlo daesaxelebina is pirebi, romlebic

moskovSi

gaemgzavrnen

samxedro

wvrTnisaTvis,

raTa

SemdgomSi

gamxdariyvnen dnestris batalionis wevrebi. man icoda, Tu vin awarmoebda

arCevas da sad midodnen xsenebuli pirebi. man aseve icoda rusuli

saidumlo samsaxurebi, romlebic ayenebdnen specialur satelefono

mowyobilobebs moldovelTa satelefono saubrebis mosasmenad.

6. konstantin tibirna

77. mowme aris kiSiniovSi saxelmwifo universitetis qirurgiuli klinikis

direqtori. dnestrispireTSi igi kiTxulobda leqciebs da aswavlida; mas

iq profesiuli praqtikac gaaCnda.

78. moldovis jandacvis saministrom TxovniT mimarTa mas, gaesinja

ilaSkus

xelisuflebis organoebma kiSiniovSi uzrunvelyves igi manqaniT, raTa

gamgzavrebuliyo dnestrispireTis sapyrobileSi. igi ar wavidoda

jgufis

wevrebi

tiraspolis

sapyrobileSi.

moldovis

patimrebis gasasinjad, es rom yofiliyo moldovis jandacvis saministros

Txovna. man iq tiraspolel eqimebTan erTad Caatara gamokvleva, Semdeg ki

maTTan erTad daadgina diagnozi da mkurnaloba.

79. rodesac man gasinja ganmcxadeblebi, ilaSku imyofeboda hlinaiaSi,

sxvebi ki tiraspolis sapyrobileSi. patimrebs ar warudgeniaT raime saxis

pretenziebi ruseTis federaciasTan dakavSirebiT. maT mxolod gansajes

samedicino faqtebi. mowmes ar daunaxavs gasinjvis dros cemis raime kvali,

dazianebebi

an

arasaTanado

mopyrobis

niSnebi.

sapyrobileSi

ganmcxadeblebs eweodaT elementaruli samedicino daxmareba; iq ar iyo

raime mowyobiloba, aramed kiSiniovis sapyrobileebi gamoiyureboda

zustad ise, rogorc sapyrobileebi dnestrispireTSi.

80. mowmem b-ni ilaSku mxolod erTxel naxa piradad. igi gamoiyureboda

rogorc Cveulebrivi patimari, magram garTulebebi hqonda saWmlis

monelebasTan dakavSirebiT, Tumca misi mdgomareoba ar saWiroebda raime

saxis qirurgiul Carevas, aucilebeli ar iyo operaciis gakeTeba da amitom

mas gastro-enterologi mkurnalobda.

81. mowmem gasinja b-ni leSko, rodesac es ukanaskneli gadioda

pankreatitis sareabiliticio kurss qirurgiuli operaciis Semdeg. mas

sTxoves b-ni leSkos gasinjva, radgan igi aRiarebuli eqspertia am

sferoSi. b-ni leSko mas gaacno eqimma, romelmac mas operacia gaukeTa.

mowmem moinaxula ganmcxadebeli saavadmyofoSi, rodesac mas mwvave

pankreatiti stanjavda. es aris Zalian saSiSi mdgomareoba, romelsac

axasiaTebs sikvdilianoba 20-30%. mowmem aseve naxa ganmcxadebeli

mogvianebiT, rodesac igi itanjeboda qronikuli pankreatitiT, romelic

yovelTvis mohyveba xolme mwvave pankreatits. igi SesaZloa pankreatitiT

daavadda bavSvobaSi, magram pankreatiti SesaZloa yofiliyo stresuli

mdgomareobis Sedegic. mowmem da eqimebis gundma, romelsac doqtori s.

lesanu xelmZRvanelobda, gasinjes ganmcxadebeli da gasces mkurnalobis

gagrZelebis rekomendacia.

82. mowmem moinaxula b-ni ivantoSi sapyrobileSi. ultrabgeriTi gasinjvis

Sedegad man aRmoaCina cvlilebebi mis RviZlSi da siTxe muclis RruSi,

rac warmoadgens maRali wnevis niSans.

83. mowmem gaakeTa Canawerebi ganmcxadeblis mdgomareobasTan dakavSirebiT

im furclebze, romlebic sapyrobilis eqimebma misces. es ukanasknelni

Canawerebs inaxavdnen TavianTi arqivisaTvis. amis Semdeg mowmem gaakeTa

sakuTari Canawerebi TavisTvis. bolos igi iq 1 wlis win iyo.

84. moldovasa da dnestrispireTs Soris da piriqiT xorcieldeba eqimebis

Tavisufali mimosvla.

7. nikolae lesanu

85.

mowme

aris

moldovis

saxelmwifo

saavadmyofos

samkurnalo

ganyofilebis ufrosi eqimi. Svidi wlis win da manamde igi muSaobda

moldovis prezidentis mrCevlad da misi piradi eqimic iyo. misi TxovniT

igi

gaagzavnes

tiraspolSi

patimrobaSi

myofi

ganmcxadeblebis

mosanaxuleblad da hlinaiaSi b-ni ilaSkus mosanaxuleblad. b-ni ilaSkus

meuRlem TxovniT mimarTa prezidents, romelmac gaakeTa yvelaferi, risi

gakeTebac SeeZlo. misi daxmarebis nawils warmoadgenda swored mowmis

gagzavna

dnestrispireTSi

ganmcxadeblebTan

sapyrobileSi.

rogorc

prezidentis mrCevels, mowmes SeeZlo dalaparakeboda dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis organoebs.

86. mowme dnestrispireTSi eqvsjer Cavida. prezidenti da naTesavebi

wuxdnen

Sesaxeb.

sapyrobileSi

mowmes prezidentisTvis

ganmcxadebelTa

janmrTelobis

miewodebina

mdgomareobis

informacia

unda

ganmcxadeblebis samedicino mdgomareobis Sesaxeb. mas Cveulebriv mihyavda

xolme sxva eqimebic, magaliTad, profesori tibirna da gastro-

enterologi.

87.

ganmcxadeblebs

ar

ganucxadebiaT

pretenziebi

arasaTanado

mopyrobasTan dakavSirebiT.

88. samedicino Canawerebi, romlebic Sedga ganmcxadeblebTan dakavSirebiT,

datovebuli iqna cixis administraciasTan. eqimebis nawili daJinebiT

moiTxovda, rom cixis administracias Seesrulebina maTi rekomendaciebi,

romlebic exeboda ganmcxadeblebis samedicino mkurnalobas, maTTvis

wamlebis micemasa da dietis daniSvnas.

89. b-ni ilaSkus gancxadebiT, mas ar sjeroda sapyrobilis administraciis

an sapyrobilis samedicino samsaxurisa da eSinoda im wamlebis miReba,

romelsac aZlevdnen sapyrobilis administraciis warmomadgenlebi. igi

iRebda mxolod im wamlebs, romlebsac mas ugzavnida ojaxi an eqimebi

kiSiniovidan.

90. gamokvlevebi, romlebic mowmis gundma Caatara dnestrispireTSi,

ganxorcielda iq myof eqimebTan erTad. tiraspolis sapyrobileSi myofi

patimrebi hlinaias sapyrobilesTan SedarebiT Tavisufal reJimSi iyvnen.

tiraspolis sapyrobileSi iyo samedicino punqti da samedicino Semowmebas

mxolod eqimebi eswrebodnen.

91. hlinaias sapyrobileSi reJimi ufro mkacri iyo. iq Semowmebas

aucileblad eswreboda vinme cixis administraciidan, iseve, rogorc

eqimebi.

92. mowmem da misma gundma ver aRmoaCines arasaTanado mopyrobis an

fsiqotropuli wamlebis gamoyenebis veranairi kvali.

93. mowmem ganmcxadeblebi bolos moinaxula 1997 wels an daaxloebiT am

dros. man uari ganacxada amis Semdeg dnestrispireTSi wasvlaze

miuxedavad iusticiis saministros Txovnisa, radgan ukve aRar gaaCnda is

uflebamosileba, rac hqonda maSin, rodesac prezidentis mrCeveli iyo.

8. andrei ivantoSi

94. 1992 wlis 2 ivniss specdaniSnulebis Zalebis 9-10 SeiaraRebuli wevri

mivida manqaniT da daakava ganmcxadebeli. isini iyvnen samxedroebi,

formaSi da niRbebiT. jgufSi, romelmac igi daakava, man naxa leitenanti

ruseTis specdaniSnulebis Zalebidan. igi scemes da waiyvanes winaswari

gamoZiebis izolatoris sardafSi, romelic ganTavsebuli iyo miliciis

SenobaSi. ganmcxadebeli arasodes yofila iq adre – anu im SenobaSi,

romlis sardafSic moaTavses. mas ar SeuZlia Tqvas, ramdeni xani

imyofeboda iq. mas Tvalebi hqonda axveuli; iq ar iyo sinaTle. SesaZloa,

es gagrZelda 1 saaTi, 1 dRe, magram araumetes amisa. miliciis SenobaSi mas

ar unaxavs leSko an ilaSku. man isini naxa mogvianebiT komendaturaSi.

95. amis Semdeg igi waiyvanes me-14 armiis komendaturaSi, sadac dakiTxes

samxedroebma. zemoTa sarTulze ganTavsebuli iyo elituri jarebi da

`alfas~ jarebi. polkovniki bergmani iyo me-14 armiis sardali.

ganmcxadebelma igi piradad naxa, magram polkovnik bergmans is ar

daukiTxavs.

96. komendaturaSi arsebuli pirobebi araadamianuri iyo. patimrebs dRe da

Rame scemdnen sazRvao fexosnebi da specialuri Zalebis warmomadgenlebi,

romlebic iyenebdnen xelketebsa da joxebs. isini saknebSi gazis Semcvel

mwvane kafsulebs yridnen. ganmcxadeblebi sxvadasxva saknebSi iyvnen

dapatimrebulni. iq aseve patimrobaSi imyofeboda sxva xalxic, maT Soris

b-ni godiacic. patimrobis piroebebi Zalian cudi iyo. isini tualetSi

gayavdaT 24 saaTSi erTxel da ZaRlebis saSualebiT aiZulebdnen, male

moemTavrebinaT bunebrivi moTxovnilebebi, Tuki amas ver aswrebdnen

micemul droSi. im dros ganmcxadebels Tavis CamoxrCoba undoda.

Semdeg mas asmevdnen wamlebs. igi Wkuidan SeiSala; mas eCveneboda

garkveuli sagnebi. misi fsiqikuri problemebi cemis Sedegad ganviTarda.

komendaturis mcvelebi, rogorc yvela sxva, iyvnen me-14 armiis kontrolis

qveS. specialuri Zalebis warmomadgenlebi da sazRvao fexosnebi formebze

rusul niSnebs atarebdnen. swored ruseTis specialuri Zalebis

warmomadgenlebi da sazRvao fexosnebi scemdnen mas da eubnebodnen, rom

igi iyo rumineli glexi. isini formebze ruseTis emblemas atarebdnen.

ganmcxadebeli

imitom

fiqrobda,

rom

isini

sazRvao

fexosnebs

ganekuTvnebodnen, rom isini atarebdnen beretebs da Sarvlebs ruseTis

emblemiT.

yvelaze

cudi

arasaTanado

mopyroba

ganmcxadebelma

ganicada

komendaturaSi. es sruli koSmari da sisastike iyo.

97. me-14 armiis komendaturidan

igi waiyvanes tiraspolis fsiqiatriul

saavadmyofoSi, sadac erTi Tve gaatara. Semdeg igi waiyvanes ukan

komendaturaSi, magram polkovnikma bergmanma uTxra mcvelebs, rom is iq

aRar sWirdebodaT da amis Semdeg waiyvanes winaswari dakavebis centrSi.

ganmcxadebelma ar uwyis, ramden xans iyvnen ilaSku da leSko

komendaturaSi mas Semdeg, rac igi waiyvanes. man isini naxa Semodgomaze

sasamarTlo samarTalwarmoebisas.

98. 1992 wlis seqtembris Semdeg, rodesac ganmcxadebeli da sxva pirebi

gadayvanili iqnen winaswari gamoZiebis izolatorSi, isini maSinac scemes.

isini saknidan gamohyavdaT dRe-Ramis ganmavlobaSi. es xdeboda specialur

oTaxSi, sadac mimdinareobda xolme gamoZieba-dakiTxva. ganmcxadebels

scemdnen gonebis dakargvamde, ukeTebdnen wamlebs da Tavs artymevinebdnen

kedelze

an

Wyletdnen

xolme

karebsa

da

kedels

Soris.

amas

dnestrispireli pirebi akeTebdnen xolme.

99. sasamarTlos Semdeg maT iSviaTad scemdnen. ganmcxadebelma SesCivla

euTo-s. yovelive amis saTaveSi b-ni antiufeevi idga. erTxel gamosaZieblad

movida saministros komisia. ganmcxadeblebi ar mowmdebodnen eqimebis mier.

nebismier SemTxvevaSi cixis administraciis warmomadgenlebma moaxdines

maTi izolireba dazianebebis gavlamde. euTo-s komisia movida cemidan

erTi Tvis Semdeg, magram ganmcxadebels kvlavac aReniSneboda mravali

dazianeba.

100. arasaTanado mopyroba yvelaze saSineli saxiT xorcieldeboda 1992

wels, rodesac pirebi Sevidnen ganmcxadeblisa da ilaSkus saknebSi. maT

marTavdnen antiufeevi da gusarovi.

101. amJamad ganmcxadebeli ganmartoebiT patimrobaSia: igi ver xedavs dRis

sinaTles da gareT mxolod 2 saaTiT gayavT.

102. sapyrobilis eqimebi cota ukeTesebi iyvnen, vidre veterinari qirurgebi.

sapyrobilis eqimi ganmcxadeblis sapyrobileSi sinamdvileSi dantisti iyo.

profesorma tibirnam moinaxula ganmcxadebeli. igi aseve moinaxules sxva

tiraspolelma eqimebma, maT Soris qirurgma, romelmac operacia gaukeTa.

xsenebuli eqimebi Camovidnen mxolod imitom, rom ganmcxadebeli cudad

iyo; isini ar modiodnen maSin, rodesac mas scemdnen. ganmcxadebelma

SimSiloba daiwyo, magram ar axsovs, gasinja Tu ara eqimma. xsenebuli ori

samedicino gasinjva Catarda specialur saknebSi, romlebic am miznisaTvis

gamoiyeneboda.

103. 2003 wlis ianvarSi ganmcxadebeli imyofeboda oTaxSi, sadac patimrebs

ufleba aqvT, gamarTon xolme xangrZlivi Sexvedrebi. igi arasodes

gausinjavT Tavis sakanSi. gasinjvebis dros yovelTvis iyo xolme viRac

cixis administraciidan, raTa ganexorcielebina kontroli.

104. mxolod naTesavebs rTavdnen masTan Sexvedris uflebas. zogjer

aZlevdnen masTan gagzavnili amanaTebis miRebis saSualebas, magram zogjer

problemebi iqmneboda. ganmcxadeblebs ar gaaCniaT ufleba, daweron an

miiRon werilebi ruminul enaze an miiRon ruminulenovani gazeTebi. 2003

wlis TebervalSi gamarTul mosmenamde 2 kviriT adre ganmcxadebeli

moinaxula wiTelma jvarma, xolo manamde masTan Sesulebi iyvnen eqimebi

wamebis sawinaaRmdego evropuli komitetidan.

105. bolo viziti ganmcxadebelTan Sedga 2003 wlis TebervalSi gamarTul

mosmenamde ori kviriT adre, rodesac igi moinaxula qalbatonma

mosamarTlem wamebis sawinaaRmdego komitetTan dakavSirebiT.

106. ganmcxadebels ar gaaCnda ufleba, ewarmoebina mimowera cixis gareT,

Tundac advokatTan.

107. 1999 wlis maisSi, rodesac igi imyofeboda tiraspolis #2

sapyrobileSi, mas Semdeg, rac Seitana ganacxadi adamianis uflebaTa

evropul

sasamarTloSi,

ganmcxadebeli

daeqvemdebara

arasaTanado

mopyrobas. milicielebi Sevidnen masTan sakanSi da scemes. xsenebuli

pirebi moqmedebdnen gusarovisa da kapitan matrovskis xelmZRvanelobiT da

aseve im pirebis miTiTebiT, romlebic eqvemdebarebodnen antiufeev/Sevcovs.

ganmcxadebels

ganucxades,

rom

Tu

ar

gamoitanda

ganacxads,

gaanadgurebdnen. amis Semdeg ganmcxadebelma daiwyo SimSiloba da dawera

saCivari; igi moinaxula sagamoZiebo komisiam.

108. samedicino vizitebi masTan xorcieldeboda mxolod kiSiniovidan

Camosuli eqimebis mier. cixis eqimi vice-polkovniki samsonovi dantisti

iyo. ganmcxadebeli Civis, rom igi ar iRebda aranair momsaxurebas cixis

eqimebisagan.

109. misi sakani da sakanSi myofi nivTebi daazianes. pirvelad es moxda 2002

wlis 16 noembers, xolo meored 2003 wlis 22 Tebervals an daaxloebiT am

dros.

110.

ganmcxadebeli

Tvlis,

rom

yvelaferi,

rac

mis

winaaRmdeg

ganxorcielda da rac axla xorcieldeba, ruseTis waqezebiT xdeba.

111. vice-polkovniki gorbovi eswreboda ilaSkus dakavebas. moldova ver

akontrolebda da verc axla akontrolebs dnestrispireTis teritorias,

magram

moldovis

xelisuflebis

organoebs

SeeZloT

ufro

meti

gaekeTebinaT im droisaTvis, raTa daxmareba aRmoeCinaT misTvis. isini

arafers akeTebdnen. dubasaris milicia gadaeca da Cabarda kazakebs.

ruseTi eTamaSeboda moldovas. es rom ar momxdariyo, dnestrispireTi ar

iarsebebda. Sesabamisad, moldova pasuxismgebeli iyo. ruseTis saxelmwifo

dumis Tavmjdomare b-ni slezniovi Cavida moldovis parlamentSi da

ganacxada, rom rom ara ruseTi, moldova axla rumineTis nawili iqneboda.

112. 1998 wlis maisis Semdeg ganmcxadebels ar unaxavs romelime rusi

xelisuflebis organos warmomadgeneli.

9. aleqsandru leSko

113. 1992 wlis movlenebis periodSi ganmcxadebeli cxovrobda tiraspolSi

(1973 wlidan). 1992 wlis 2 ivniss igi gaaRviZes dilis 2 saaTze, rodesac 4

SeiaraRebuli piri Sevida mis saxlSi da daakava igi. xsenebul pirebs

Soris iyo vinme gusani. igi formaSi iyo, magram iaraRis gareSe. man

warudgina ganmcxadebels Tavisi dokumentebi. sxvebi atarebdnen brezentis

formas; isini samxedroebi iyvnen da iaraRic hqondaT. ganmcxadebeli

waiyvanes manqaniT izolatorSi. im dros is ar ucemiaT; es mogvianebiT

moxda. 3 saaTis ganmavlobaSi mas hkiTxavda Sevcovi, romelic aseve

antiufeevis gvariT aris cnobili; mas Tan axldnen gorbovi da kidev erTi

piri, romelsac ganmcxadebeli ar icnobda. Semdeg igi Caiyvanes sardafSi,

sadac rCeboda 6 dRis ganmavlobaSi. meore dRes igi Casves ganmartoebiT

sakanSi. dakiTxvebs seriozuli xasiaTi mieca. xsenebuli gagrZelda 2

ivnisidan 2 ivlisamde. im Tvis ganmavlobaSi mas ar unaxavs ivantoSi an

ilaSku. am periodSi igi gayavdaT dakiTxvaze da arasaTanadod

epyrobodnen.

114. 1 Tu 2 ivliss ganmcxadebeli waiyvanes komendaturis SenobaSi. igi

waiyvanes manqaniT, romelsac rusuli emblema hqonda da romelzec rusuli

droSa iyo damagrebuli. ganmcxadebeli iq waiyvanes orjer dRis

ganmavlobaSi. pirvelad waiyvanes `deltas~ jgufis warmomadgenlebma,

dnestrispirelebma, xolo meored _ sxvadasxva pirebma me-14 armiidan.

bazaSi isini Sevidnen sxvadasxva Sesasvlelidan. iq igi ganmartoebiT

patimrobaSi rCeboda 7-8 agvistomde. saknebi pirvel sarTulze iyo

ganTavsebuli. ganmcxadebels ar SeeZlo daenaxa sxvebi – anu ilaSku,

ivantoSi,

godiaci.

mas

ar

daunaxavs

petrov-popa.

mcvelebi

mas

arasaTanadod moepyrnen ramdenimejer. igi ar daukiTxavT komendaturaSi,

mxolod samjer scemes. man icoda, rom polkovniki bergmani iyo komendanti,

magram ar hqonia masTan raime Sexvedra da arc unaxavs. staroujuki,

romelic xelmZRvanelobda gamoZiebas, orjer mivida komendaturaSi. man

ganmcxadebels anaxa gazeTi, romlis Tanaxmadac plugaru [moldovis

erovnuli uSiSroebis ministri 1991-1992 wlebis movlenebis dros]

gaTavisuflebuli iqna da xelmowerili iqna samSvidobo xelSekruleba

ruseTTan.

115. pirobebi komendaturaSi Zalian mkacri iyo. saWmeli kargi iyo, radgan

ganmcxadeblebi jariskacebis sakvebs miirTmevdnen. magram zogjer isini

ori-sami dRis ganmavlobaSi ar gayavdaT tualetSi. Semdeg isini derefanSi

da tualetSi gayavda mcvels, romelsac Tan axlda germanuli nagazi

saxelad Cani. maT mxolod 45 wami eZleodaT bunebrivi moTxovnilebebis

dasakmayofileblad, rac absoluturad ar iyo sakmarisi, Semdeg ki ZaRls

uqsevdnen. swored amitom ganacxades ganmcxadeblebma uari saWmelze, raTa

ufro meti dro hqonodaT tualetSi gasasvlelad. ganmcxadeblebs

bunebrivi moTxovnilebebis dakmayofileba uxdebodaT celofnebSi, radgan

ar iyvnen darwmunebulni, meore dRes gaiyvandnen Tu ara tualetSi.

xsenebuli gagrZelda daaxloebiT erTi Tvis ganmavlobaSi. SabaT-

kviraobiT, rodesac SenobaSi ramdenime meTauri rCeboda, mcvelebi

midodnen ganmcxadeblis sakanSi, raTa Seuracxyofa mieyenebinaT. isini

gaiZaxodnen, rom ganmcxadeblebi moqmedebdnen ruseTisa da ruseTis

moqalaqeebis winaaRmdeg da amitomac scemdnen.

116. komendaturSi ganmcxadebelma Tavisi saknis fanjris WuWrutanidan

dainaxa ilaSku, romelic gayavdaT Senobidan. mcvelebma gaaCeres igi da

uTxres: `Sen xar Semdegi~. man dainaxa, rom ilaSkum uari Tqva Tvalebis

axvevaze da igi miayenes kedelTan. ilaSkum ganacxada, rom sikvdiliT

fiqtiur dasjas igi oTxjer daeqvemdebara. ganmcxadebelma es mxolod

erTxel dainaxa.

117. ganmcxadebeli mxolod erTxel scemes xelketebiT, magram mravaljer

SeuSinebiaT. SabaT-kviras mis sakanSi Sedioda xalxi. maT rusuli niSnebi

hqondaT mxrebze.

komendaturaSi igi imyofeboda agvistos dasawyisamde, Semdeg ki daabrunes

sardafSi winaswari gamoZiebis izolatorSi.

118. winaswari dakavebis izolatorSi igi samjer Tu oTxjer dakiTxes

samoqalaqo gamomZieblebma. igi aseve scemes joxebiT, magram mas naklebi

moxvda, vidre sxva ganmcxadeblebs. rac Seexeba iq arsebul patimrobis

pirobebs, mas SeeZlo Sxapis miReba 10 dReSi erTxel. sakanSi ar iyo

tualeti, Sesabamisad, igi gayavdaT xolme saknidan yovel diliT, raTa

gasuliyo tualetSi. ganmcxadebels ar hqonia Sexvedrebi ojaxis wevrebTan

an advokatTan patimrobis pirveli 5 Tvis ganmavlobaSi.

119. sasamarTlos Semdeg ganmcxadebeli gadaiyvanes tiraspolis #2

sapyrobileSi. iq ar iyo pirebi sabnebze da mas eZina cariel narze.

sapyrobileSi

mis

mimarT

piradad

arasaTanado

mopyroba

ar

ganxorcielebula. mas uflebas ar aZlevdnen, enaxa Tavisi coli an

advokati 6 kviris ganmavlobaSi.

ganmcxadebels

ar

amowmebdnen

adgilobrivi

eqimebi.

rodesac

ganmcxadeblebi Sexvdnen TavianT colebs, sTxoves kiSiniovidan eqimebis

Camoyvana. eqimebma isini ramdenimejer moinaxules. profesorma tibirnam

ganmcxadebeli moinaxula 1996 wels, rodesac mas qronikuri pankreatiti

hqonda. is eqimma lesanumac moinaxula. man SesCivla xsenebul eqimebs cixis

pirobebis Sesaxeb, magram araferi uTqvams arasaTanado mopyrobasTan

dakavSirebiT sasamarTlos Semdeg. misi kolegebi gancalkevebul saknebSi

iyvnen moTavsebulni, ase rom mas ar SeuZlia daadasturos an uaryos, rom

maT arasaTanadod epyrobodnen. arasaTanado mopyroba xorcieldeboda 1992-

1993 wlebSi.

ganmcxadebeli regularulad xvdeboda xolme ojaxis wevrebs. mogvianebiT

igi iRebda xolme amanaTebs; Tavdapirvel etapze gacilebiT bevri

SezRudva

iyo.

yovelive

xsenebuli

damokidebuli

iyo

cixis

administraciaze.

120. moldovis xelisuflebis organoebs ar SeeZloT bevri ramis gakeTeba.

miuxedavad imisa, rom ganmcxadeblis meuRlem mas uTxra, rom moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebi cdilobdnen mis daxmarebas misi patimrobis

periodSi, ganmcxadebeli Tvlis, rom moldovis xelisuflebas SeeZlo

gacilebiT metis gakeTeba konfliqtis damTavrebis Semdeg.

121. ganmcxadebelma e.w. `ilaSkus jgufis~ Sesaxeb pirvelad gaigo

dakavebisas. igi arasodes yofila moldovis saidumlo samsaxurebis wevri.

122. 1992 wlis

2

martis movlenebis Semdgom periodSi moldovis

konstituciurma Zalebma Sewyvites kontrolis ganxorcieleba mdinare

dnestris aRmosavleT sanpiroze; qalaqSi gamocxadebuli iyo komendantis

saaTi, aravis hqonda ufleba, saxlidan gamosuliyo saRamos 10 saaTis

Semdeg.

10. tudor petrov-popa

123. 1992 wlis 2 ivniss ganmcxadebeli cxovrobda tiraspolSi. igi daakava

viqtor gusanma, romelsac Tan axldnen samoqalaqo formebSi gamowyobili

sxva pirebic. ganmcxadebeli saxlSi imyofeboda, rodesac es moxda dilis

6 saaTze.

124. igi waiyvanes miliciis SenobaSi. iq maSinve ar daukiTxavT.

ganmcxadebeli iq gaaCeres dRis 12 saaTamde. Semdeg Caiyvanes sardafSi da

Casves sakanSi. iq is 7 Tvis ganmavlobaSi imyofeboda. mas scemdnen da

arasaTanadod epyrobodnen miliciis SenobaSi.

mcvelebma

miliciis

SenobaSi

uTxres

ganmcxadebels,

rom

isini

warmomavlobiT ruseTis sxvadasxva qalaqidan iyvnen. isini atarebdnen

formebs, magram amosacnobi niSnebis gareSe.

ganmcxadebelma naxa staroujuki da gorbovi. maT dakiTxes igi. dakiTxvisas

maT ar ekeTaT niRbebi. misTvis ar ukiTxavT ilaSkusTan an saxalxo

frontTan arsebuli kavSirebis Sesaxeb. maT mxolod is ainteresebdaT, rom

ganmcxadebels eRiarebina, rom igi iyo e.w. `ilaSkus~ jgufis wevri da

daedasturebina is, rasac etyodnen. igi ar yofila politikuri partiis

wevri, magram ar undoda dnestrispirelTa mxareze brZola. ganmcxadebeli

avRaneTgamovlili jariskaci iyo. igi arasodes Sexvedria ilaSkus.

maSindel dros dnestrispireTSi ar iyvnen dnestrispireTis samxedro

Zalebi, iq mxolod rusebi iyvnen. swored rusebi scemdnen mas. mas scemdnen

samxedro pirebi, romlebic atarebdnen niRbebs, ase rom man ar icoda, vin

iyvnen isini.

125. Semdeg ganmcxadebeli waiyvanes tiraspolis cixeSi. sasamarTlomde

ramdenime Tvis ganmavlobaSi mas amyofebdnen miliciis ganyofilebaSi,

Semdeg ki ganmartoebiT patimrobaSi iyo tiraspolis cixeSi. igi arasodes

wauyvaniaT me-14 armiis StabbinaSi. patimrobis ganmavlobaSi ganmcxadebeli

dakiTxes pirebma, romlebic niRbebs atarebdnen.

126. ganmcxadebeli ar icnobda gorbovs. igi Sexvda bergmans sasamarTloze.

patimrobis ganmavlobaSi mas marTla ar unaxavs ilaSku da ivantoSi.

sasamarTlomde igi ar icnobda arc erT maTgans.

gamoZiebis ganmavlobaSi ganmcxadebeli ver xvdeboda advokats. es mxolod

mogvianebiT moxda.

127. sasamarTlos Semdeg ganmcxadebeli daeqvemdebara arasaTanado

mopyrobas. mosmenis dros igi ganmartoebiT patimrobaSi imyofeboda calke

sakanSi hlinaias cixeSi, sadac aseve imyofeboda ilaSku.

1995 wels ganmcxadebeli tiraspolSi moinaxula profesorma tibirnam,

romelsac Tan axlda eqimi lesanu. 1999 wels igi gadaiyvanes hlinaias

cixeSi, sadac ufro mkacri reJimi iyo. mas iq aranairi samedicino

mkurnaloba ar miuRia. igi daavadda tuberkuloziT 1999 wels. mas

SesTavazes samedicino mkurnaloba im SemTxvevaSi, Tu moiTxovda

Sewyalebas. Tu is amas gaakeTebda, gadaiyvandnen samedicino ganyofilebaSi,

magram ganmcxadebelma es uaryo.

128. ojaxis wevrebi modiodnen mis sanaxavad, magram mcvelebi yovelTvis

eswrebodnen maT Sexvedras. igi swerda ojaxs werilebs, magram uflebas ar

aZlevdnen, daewera laTinuri SriftiT. wlis ganmavlobaSi igi iRebs

daaxloebiT 6 amanaTs.

129. moldovis mTavrobas ar gaukeTebia yvelaferi, risi gakeTebac SeeZlo.

faqtiurad

mas

ar

gaukeTebia

araferi,

winaaRmdeg

SemTxvevaSi

ganmcxadeblebi ukve Tavisufalni iqnebodnen. Tumca ganmcxadeblis ojaxi

iRebda materialur da finansur daxmarebas moldovis mTavrobisagan.

130. ganmcxadebelma naxa, Tu rogor aZlevdnen aRWurvilobas mosaxleobas

1992 wels. xsenebuli aRWurviloba wamoRebuli iyo me-14 armiidan.

dnestrispireTis armia Seiqmna me-14 armiis safuZvelze, romelic xsenebul

regionSi erTaderTi SeiaraRebuli formireba iyo dnestrispireTis reJimis

uecrad warmoSobamde da misi armiis SeiaraRebamde.

11. polkovniki vladimir golovaCevi

131. mowme adre muSaobda moskovSi da tiraspolSi Cavida 1985 wels. man

muSaoba daiwyo dnestrispireTis penitenciur sistemaSi konfliqtis

dawyebamde. igi am Tanamdebobaze rCeboda brZanebis Tanaxmad.

mowme daibada sabWoTa moldoveTSi da aqvs sabWoTa pasporti, romelSi

Cakruli furcelic ambobs, rom igi aris `moldovis dnestrispireTis

respublikis moqalaqe~.

132. 1993 wlis ivlisis Semdeg mowme dainiSna #2 sapyrobilis mmarTvelad.

xsenebul sapyrobileSi reJimi ufro mkacria, vidre #3 sapyrobileSi,

romelSic qali patimrebi imyofebian. nebismieri pirobebi, romlebic

aregulirebs moklevadian Tu grZelvadian vizitebs, amanaTebs da a.S.,

asaxulia cixis reglamentSi. patimrebi, romlebic ar arRveven xsenebul

reglaments, sargebloben TavianTi uflebebiT. mkacri reJimi moicavs

saerTo sargeblobis saTavsoebs, rogoric aris patara qarxana, sportis

ganyofileba da a.S., magram aseve moicavs ganmartoebiT patimrobas da

frTas, sadac saSiSi patimrebi erTad arian ganTavsebulni. specialur

saknebSi myofi pirebisaTvis ikrZaleba gaseirneba savarjiSod.

133. b-ni ivantoSi marto imyofeboda sakanSi. sakani gansazRvruli iyo 6

patimarze, radganac man uari ganacxada Cveulebriv reJimze. b-ni leSko

imyofeba cixis Cveulebriv nawilSi da sargeblobs yvela normaluri

uflebiT. xsenebuli moicavs 4 mcirexnian vizits da 2 grZelvadian vizits

wlis ganmavlobaSi. arasodes yofila problemebi advokatebis vizitebTan

dakavSirebiT. pirebi, romlebic patimrobaSi imyofebian mkacri reJimis qveS,

xSirad ar iTxoven advokatebTan Sexvedras.

134. 1999 wlidan ganmcxadeblebis pirobebi ar gauaresebula. b-n ilaSkus

arasodes ganucxadebia pretenzia xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT.

135. b-n ivantoSs regularulad sinjavdnen kiSiniovidan Camosuli eqimebi.

136. rac Seexeba wesebis arsebobas patimrebis moldovisaTvis an

moldovidan gadacema-gadmocemasTan dakavSirebiT, mowmem ganacxada, rom es

maRal doneze wydeboda. magaliTad, sul axlaxans adgili hqonda aseT

faqts ruseTTan. magram xsenebuli xorcieldeba samTavrobo doneze; es ar

iyo mowmis kompetenciaSi Semavali sakiTxi.

137. mowmem ar icoda, rom moldovis generalurma prokurorma aRZra

sisxlis samarTlis saqme mis winaaRmdeg adamianis ukanono patimrobisTvis.

138. b-ni ilaSku gaTavisuflebuli iqna 2001 wlis maisSi. igi gaTavisuflda

dnestrispireTis prezidentis dadgenilebisa da iusticiis ministris, b-n

bralas, brZanebis safuZvelze. mowmem ar icis, Tu rogor moxda es. man arc

is icis, vin gaacila ilaSku kiSiniovidan.

139. rac Seexeba avadmyofi patimrebis mkurnalobas, Tavidan isini

gadayavdaT benderis saavadmyofoSi. Tumca mogvianebiT xsenebuli praqtika

Sewyda problemebis arsebobis gamo. amitom avadmyofobasTan dakavSirebiT

Cveulebrivi

mkurnaloba

cixeSive

xorcieldeboda.

tiraspolis

saavadmyofoSi patimrebi miyavdaT mxolod qirurgiuli operaciebisaTvis

da sxva seriozuli sakiTxebisTvis, radgan cixeSi maT ar gaaCndaT

srulyofili saoperacio saSualebebi.

140. patimrebi xSirad ar iTxovdnen advokatTan Sexvedras. Tuki advokats

hqonda Sesabamisi nebarTva, maSin cixis mmarTveli aZlevda cixeSi Sesvlis

nebas. xsenebul nebrTvas gascems iusticiis ministri. #2 sapyrobileSi

imyofebian mxolod msjavrdebuli da ara winaswar patimrobaSi myofi

patimrebi. winaswar patimrobaSi myofi pirebi ganTavsebulni arian #3

sapyrobilis nawilSi.

141. b-ni ilaSku #2 sapyrobileSi imyofeboda 1997 wlidan moyolebuli

gaTavisuflebamde. igi imyofeboda me-13 sakanSi. sakanSi igi marto iyo,

radgan sapyrobileSi arasodes yoliaT manamde am kategoriis patimari.

Sesabamisad, aranairi azri ar hqonda mis Casmas Cveulebriv kriminalebTan

erTad. b-n ilaSkus aravin SekiTxvia, surda Tu ara es. mowmem araferi

icoda b-ni ilaSkus mtkicebaze, rom 1999 wlis 13 maiss samoqalaqo pirebi,

romlebic naqsov niRbebs atarebdnen, Sevidnen mis sakanSi da Seuracxyofa

miayenes, Semdeg ki gaiyvanes derefanSi. mowmes misgan arasodes gaugia

xsenebulTan dakavSirebuli saCivari. cixis administracia periodulad

atarebs saknebisa da patimrebis Cxrekas, magram arasodes aravin ar atarebs

niRbebs. rodesac evropis sabWos wamebis sawinaaRmdego komitetma

ganaxorciela viziti, mowmes hkiTxes ilaSkus jgufis wevrebis Sesaxeb,

romlebic scemes 1999 wlis maisSi, da man ganacxada, rom cixis mmarTvels

ganmcxadeblebisagan arasodes miuRia raime saxis saCivari xsenebulTan

dakavSirebiT.

142.

patimrebs

SeuZliaT

iCivlon

cixis

TanamSromlebis

mxridan

Seuracxyofis SemTxvevaSi, amanaTebis SeCerebasTan dakavSirebiT da a.S.

dilis rvis naxevridan aTis naxevramde. mowme acxadebs, rom yovelTvis

SesaZlebeli iyo masTan Sexvedra, Tuki patimrebi da saWiroeba amas

moiTxovdnen, raTa misTvis waredginaT pretenziebi.

143. cixeebi dnestrispireTSi imarTeboda cixis axali kodeqsis Tanaxmad. iq

ar gamoiyeneba moldovis kodeqsi. #2 cixe, iseve, rogorc yvela sxva cixe,

iyo `moldovis dnestrispireTis respublikis~ kontrolis qveS 1992 wlis

dekembridan. xsenebuli dRis Semdeg dnestrispireTis penitenciuri

samsaxuri ar iRebda brZanebebs moldovis mTavrobisagan. moldovis

mTavrobas ar SeuZlia gadawyvetilebebis miReba xsenebul cixeebTan

dakavSirebiT. 1992 wels dnestrispireTis cixeebSi imyofeboda ramdenime

patimari, romlebic msjavrdebulni iyvnen moldovis sasamarTloebis mier,

magram amis Semdeg etapobrivad xorcieldeboda patimarTa gadacema. 1991

wlamde patimarTa gadayvana xorcieldeboda mTeli sabWoTa kavSiris

masStabiT.

144. b-ni ivantoSi iyo Tavisive qmedebebis msxverpli, radgan igi uars

ambobda saknis datovebaze. Sedegad man dakarga yvela ufleba, rac gaaCnda.

igi Tavisive surviliT imyofeboda Tavis sakanSi, vinaidan ar surda sakani

gaeyo sxva pirebTan.

145.

droze

adre

gaTavisuflebasTan

dakavSirebul

moTxovnebze

gadawyvetilebis miReba xdeba patimris piradi saqmis gadasinjvis Semdeg.

magram ganmcxadeblebs arasodes mouTxoviaT xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT

aseTi gadasinjvis warmoeba. isini yvela TavianT saCivars ugzavnidnen

moldovis mTavrobas.

146. rogorc cixis mmarTvels, mowmes arasodes ganuxorcielebia cixis

oficrebis disciplinuri dasja maT mier arasaTanado mopyrobis gamo –

disciplinuri sasjeli gamoiyeneboda mxolod gzavnilebis (sityvieri,

werilobiTi) cixis gareT ukanonod gadacemis gamo aseT movlenebTan

dakavSirebiT.

147. cixis mcvelebis formebi analogiuria rusebis uniformebisa. emblemebi

gansxvavebulia. dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebi ar iReben

brZanebebs ruseTis penitenciuri sistemidan, magram isini mWidrod

TanamSromloben.

rusi

jariskacebi

arasodes

monawileobdnen

dnestrispireTSi patimrebis dacvaSi, radgan xsenebuli cixeebi ar Sedis

ruseTis federaciis iurisdiqciaSi.

148. ganmcxadebelTa advokatebi arasodes iTxovdnen ganmcxadeblebTan

Sexvedras. maT rom es moeTxovaT, xsenebuli Txovna Sesabamisad iqneboda

ganxiluli.

149. ar arsebobs raime saxis kanoni, romelic krZalavs patimris

korespondenciis warmoebas ruminul enaze, magram cixis administracia

iyenebs enas, romelic gavrcelebulia dnestrispireTSi, saxeldobr

rusuls. administracias unda SeeZlos hyavdes cenzorebi, romlebsac

SeeZlebaT patimarTa korespondenciis kiTxva. magram patimrebs ufleba

aqvT, miiRon ruminulenovani gazeTebi.

12. stefan konstantines Ze CerbebSi

150. mowme daibada ruseTSi. 1989 wlidan 1991 wlamde igi muSaobda

miliciaSi da 1984 wlidan 1989 wlamde penitenciur samsaxurSi. igi iyo #1

sapyrobilis mmarTveli 1992 wlidan 2001 wlamde da mmarTvelis moadgile

1992 wlamde. mosmenis dros mowme gadamdgari iyo. mas pensias `modlovis

dnestrispireTis respublika~ uxdis.

151. hlinaias cixeSi patimrebs marto amyofeben saknebSi, romlebic 16

kvadratuli

metris

farTobisaa.

rac

Seexeba

mnaxvelebTan,

korespondenciasTan da amanaTebTan dakavSirebul wesebs, msjavrdebul

patimrebs ufleba hqondaT, Sexvedrodnen ojaxis wevrebs, magram amisaTvis

pirvel rigSi unda mieRoT nebarTva cixis reglamentis Tanaxmad. Tumca

winaswar gamoZiebaSi myof patimrebs aranairi mimoweris ufleba ar

hqondaT.

152. mowmem araferi icoda advokatebis vizitebis maregulirebel normebze.

153. cixeSi iyo samedicino departamenti, romelSic hqondaT wamlebi, magram

ar iyo klinika sawolebiT. amisaTvis samoqalaqo saavadmyofoebi

gamoiyeneboda. samedicino gasinjva xorcieldeboda patimrebis Txovnis

safuZvelze. ganmcxadeblebs moldovidan Camosuli eqimebi sinjavdnen.

154. sasamarTlos Semdeg ganmcxadeblebi gadaiyvanes hlinaias cixeSi.

ilaSku gancalkevebulad iyo dapatimrebuli, xolo danarCeni pirebi erT

sakanSi. maT hqondaT ufleba, daetovebinaT sakani da eseirnaT cixis ezoSi

dReSi erTi saaTis ganmavlobaSi. patimrebi, romlebic cudad iyvnen,

damatebiT erTi saaTi seirnobdnen.

155. hlinaias cixeSi iyo specialuri frTa tuberkuloziT daavadebuli

patimrebisaTvis, magram petrov-popa ar iyo patimari, rodesac mowme

hlinaias cixis mmarTveli iyo.

156. ilaSku cixeSi specialur pirobebs eqvemdebareboda, radgan mas

sikvdili hqonda misjili. mas nebas ar rTavdnen, sakanSi sxva patimrebTan

erTad yofiliyo. ilaSkus saknis fanjara aranduli iyo garedan. sinaTle

mainc Semodioda da patimars SeeZlo aranduli gisosebidan gaxedva.

specialuri nebarTvis gacema iyo saWiro iusticiis saministros mier, sanam

vinme SeZlebda ilaSkus naxvas.

157. mowmes arasodes miuRia raime oficialuri saCivari ilaSkusagan mis

mimarT hlinaias cixeSi ganxorcielebul mopyrobasTan dakavSirebiT. mas

arasodes smenia, rom ilaSkus ganaCeni gauqmebuliyo moldovis uzenaesi

sasamarTlos mier. ilaSku ar iyo erTaderTi sikvdilmisjili patimari: iq

kidev iyo erTi, romelic analogiur pirobebSi imyofeboda.

158. hlinaias cixe ar eqvemdebareboda moldovis uzenaes sasamarTlos da

moldovis saxelmwifo organoebsa da mTavrobas. maT ar gaaCndaT aranairi

uflebamosileba dnestrispireTSi moqmed penitenciur samsaxurebze.

159. mowme arasodes iRebda raime saxis brZanebebs arc ruseTidan da arc

dnestrispireTSi

ganTavsebuli

rusi

samxedro

xelisuflebis

warmomadgenlebisagan. arc erTi rusi mcveli ar icavda dnestrispireTSi

cixeebs. mowmis profesiuli saqmianobis dros dnestrispireTis cixis

samsaxurebis forma analogiuri iyo ruseTis samxedro uniformebisa.

160. cixis mmarTvels ar gaaCnda aranairi ufleba, zemdgomi organoebis

brZanebis gareSe patimrebis gadayvanasTan dakavSirebiT. im drois

ganmavlobaSi, rodesac mowme iyo cixis mmarTveli, mas arasodes hyolia

sxva qveynidan, magaliTad, ruseTidan gadmoyvanili patimari. erTi qveynis

penitenciuri sistemidan meore qveynis penitenciur sistemaSi patimris

gadasayvanad aucilebelia specialuri brZaneba.

13. sergei kotovoi

161. mowme iyo #1 sapyrobilis mmarTveli 2001 wlis Semdeg. man penitenciur

departamentSi muSaoba daiwyo 1993 wels da profesiuli kariera gaatara

cixis administraciaSi. igi aseve swavlobs universitetSi xarisxis

mosapoveblad.

162. 2000 wels miRebuli iqna `mdr~-s sisxlis samarTlis axali kodeqsi da

cixis axali reglamenti. mdgomareoba mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdeboda adre,

rodesac gamoiyeneboda moldovis respublikis kanonebi. axali reJimiT

patimarTa pirobebi gaumjobesda. nebadarTulia ufro meti Sexvedrebi,

Tuki patimari sanimuSod iqceva, misi uflebebi kidev ufro SeiZleba

gafarTovdes, magaliTad, sami damatebiTi SexvedriT. rac Seexeba

advokatebis

vizitebs,

msjavrdebuli

patimrebi

SeiZleba

Sexvdnen

axloblebs raime limitis gareSe. hlinaias cixeSi moqmedebs 24 saaTiani

samedicino momsaxureba.

163. patimrebisagan ar yofila miRebuli aranairi saCivari patimrobis

pirobebTan dakavSirebiT. maT saCivari arc evropis sabWos wamebis

sawinaaRmdego komitetisaTvis warudgeniaT. magram simarTles warmoadgenda

is faqti, rom komitetis ukanasknel moxsenebaSi gamoTqmuli iyo garkveuli

kritika

saknebSi

fanjrebis

arandvasTan

da

izolaciis

reJimTan

dakavSirebiT. patimris mier saCivris wardgenis Semdeg cixis TanamSromlis

winaaRmdeg gamoZiebis aRZvra gamonakliss warmoadgenda. mowmes sul 12

aseTi SemTxveva axsovs.

164. msjavrdebuli piris ufleba, Sexvdes Tavis advokats damokidebulia im

danaSaulis simZimeze, romlisTvisac patimari ixdis sasjels, imaze,

nasamarTlevia Tu ara adre da a.S. arsebobs cixis 3 reJimi. cixis

administracia iyenebs sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebas imasTan dakavSirebiT,

Tu ra saxis reJimi unda iqnes gamoyenebuli patimris mimarT. SemdgomSi

cixis administracias SeuZlia Secvalos reJimi

SemTxvevaSi, Tu patimari daarRvevs cixis reglaments.

–

magaliTad, im

165. arc moskovSi mdebare penitenciur samsaxurs da arc tiraspolSi

ganTavsebul ruseTis operatiul dajgufebas ar SeuZliaT brZanebis micema

dnestrispireTis penitenciuri samsaxurebisaTvis.

166. patimris erTi dawesebulebidan meoreSi gadayvanasTan dakavSirebuli

gadawyvetileba

SeiZleba

miiRos

mxolod

sasamarTlom.

mTavroba

gadawyvetilebas iRebs eqstradiciis saqmesTan dakavSirebiT.

167. mosmenis droisaTvis hlinaias cixeSi patimrobaSi rCeboda mxolod

petrov-popa. ilaSkus ekava 31-e sakani. sakans gaaCnda standartuli fanjara

darabebiT. xsenebuli darabebi analogiuria kiSiniovis cixeebSi arsebuli

darabebisa. axlaxans hlinaias cixeSi moxsnes darabebi eqvsi saknis

fanjrebs, magram finansuri da teqnikuri siduxWiris gamo SeuZlebeli iyo

maTi yvela sakanSi moxsna, vinaidan darabebi unda Secvliliyo gisosebiT.

168. patimrebi, romlebic daavadebulni iyvnen tuberkuloziT, patimrobaSi

imyofebodnen cixis yvela zonaSi; ar arsebobs specialuri saknebi aseTi

pacientebisaTvis.

b-ni

petrov-popa,

romelic

tuberkuloziT

iyo

daavadebuli, gadayvanili iqna im sakanSi, romelic adre b-n ilaSkus ekava.

mas uflebas aZlevdnen, varjiSis mizniT gaeseirna imave droiT, ra

droiTac sxva patimrebs. 2002 wels b-ni petrov-popas reJimi gaumjobesda

mowmis brZanebis safuZvelze. igi iyo erTaderTi patimari, romelic

sargeblobda aseTi gaumjobesebiT im wels. b-ni petrov-popa axla

sargeblobs uflebiT, miiRos eqvsi amanaTi da eqvsi Sexvedra hqondes samis

nacvlad.

aranairi SezRudva enasTan mimarTebaSi ar gamoiyeneboda. xsenebulidan

gamomdinare b-n petrov-popas SeeZlo mieRo werilebi da gazeTebi ruminul

enaze. b-n petrov-popas arasodes gamouTqvams pretenzia mis sakanSi

arsebul pirobebTan dakavSirebiT. man moiTxova Tavis Zvel sakanSi

gadayvana. petrov-popas arasodes mouTxovia advokatTan Sexvedra.

14. vice-polkovniki efim samsonovi

169. mowme iyo dnestrispireTis samedicino departamentis samsaxuris

ufrosi.

170. mowmem gasinja ganmcxadeblebi sasamarTlos periodSi, tiraspolis #2

sapyrobileSi. xsenebuls eswrebodnen cixis oficrebi. ganmcxadeblebs

arasodes sjerodaT cixis samedicino samsaxurisa da kategoriul uars

acxadebdnen #2 sapyrobilis samedicino personalis mier mkurnalobis

Catarebaze. maT arasodes mouTxoviaT mowmisaTvis, gaesinja isini

savaraudo arasaTanado mopyrobasTan dakavSirebiT. mowmes maTze arasodes

unaxavs arasaTanado mopyrobis raime saxis niSnebi. ramdenimejer cixis

samsaxurebis

garedan,

kiSiniovidan

Camosulma

eqimebma

gasinjes

ganmcxadeblebi da Camoitanes Sesabamisi wamlebic. es iyvnen profesori

tibina da doqtori lesanu.

171. ganmcxadeblebi ar itanjebodnen raime gansakuTrebuli daavadebisagan.

2002 wels b-n petrov-popas umkurnales tuberkulozTan dakavSirebiT. mas

dazianebuli filtvi hqonda, romelSic siTxe iyo Camdgari. garkveuli

drois Semdeg ivantoSma gaikeTa RviZlis operacia. profesori tibirnas

gundis

rekomendaciebi

ganmcxadeblebTan

dakavSirebiT

ar

ganxorcielebula, radgan ganmcxadeblebi uars acxadebdnen amaze cixis

eqimebisadmi undoblobis motiviT.

172. dnestrispireTis penitenciuri samsaxurebi ar iRebdnen instruqciebs

ruseTis federaciidan. ar arsebobda aranairi kavSiri moldovis jandacvis

saministrosa Tu iusticiis saministrosTan, magram zogjer myardeboda

xolme kavSiri moldovis iusticiis saministrosTan.

15. vasili semenCuki

173. mowme, romelsac gaaCnia moldovuri pasporti, romelic miiRo

penitenciur sistemaSi samsaxuris dawyebamde, iyo hlinaias #1 cixis eqimi

1995 wlis Semdeg. mas arasodes umuSavia tiraspolis #2 sapyrobileSi.

rogorc hlinaias cixis eqimi, igi pasuxismgebeli iyo cixeSi arsebul

sanitarul da higienur pirobebze. mowme dantisti iyo, magram mas aseve

SeeZlo sisxlis analizis gakeTebac. garda amisa, mas exmarebodnen qirurgi

da sxva specialistebi.

174. mowme mxolod ganmcxadebel ilaSkus Sexvda, igi ar Sexvedria sxva

ganmcxadeblebs. b-n ilaSkus arasodes mouTxovia mowmis naxva; mas surda,

rom igi gaesinjaT mxolod moldovis an tiraspolis samedicino

delegaciis wevrebs. vice-polkovnik samsonovs Tan axldnen gareSe eqimebic,

rodesac isini sinjavdnen ilaSkus. profesori tibirna da doqtori lesanu

Camovidnen da aiRes sisxlisa da Sardis analizebi. samedicino Semowmeba

ganxorcielda ara ilaSkus sakanSi, aramed kabinetSi. ilaSkus ar

gamouTqvams raime pretenzia arasaTanado mopyrobasTan dakavSirebiT, igi

uCioda mxolod saWmlis monelebis problemas.

175. patimrebs ar utardebaT mudmivi samedicino Semowmeba, aramed

xsenebuli xorcieldeba mxolod maSin, rodesac amas moiTxovs patimari.

cixeSi funqcionirebs mudmivi samedicino danayofi.

176. mowme ar Sexvedria ganmcxadebel petrov-popas. ganmcxadebeli marto

imyofeboda sakanSi. b-nma petrov-popam moiTxova samedicino daxmareba. igi

im dros avadmyofobis me-3 stadiaSi imyofeboda, rac imas niSnavs, rom

avadmyofoba ar iyo aqtiur fazaSi. mkurnaloba esaWiroeboda yovel 9

TveSi, aranakleb intervalebSi, rogorc es daadastura samedicino

departamentma.

177. 2003 wels cixeSi ganxorcielda evropis sabWos wamebis sawinaaRmdego

komitetis viziti. mowmes ar axsovs am komitetis viziti 2000 wels. mas ar

axsovs, rom 2000 wlis vizitis Semdeg wamebis sawinaaRmdego komitets

gamoeTqvas SeSfoTeba ganmcxadeblisTvis tuberkulozis mkurnalobis

xelmisawvdomobasTan dakavSirebiT. aRniSnuli ki gamowveuli iyo imiT, rom

ganmcxadebeli damokidebuli iyo Tavis ojaxze da maT Semosavalze

wamlebis SeZenasTan mimarTebaSi, da rom swored misi ojaxi amaragebda

ganmcxadebels saWmliT, raTa daecva specialuri dieta. mowme ixsenebs, rom

warsulSi cixis administracias ar gaaCnda Sesabamisi wamlebi, raTa

miewodebina b-ni petrov-popasaTvis, magram ganacxada, rom situacia

Seicvala.

178. b-ni ilaSku arasodes Cioda mis kbilebTan dakavSirebiT. mas yvela

kbili adgilze hqonda, rodesac mowmem moinaxula igi. profesori tibirnas

gundis vizitis Semdeg ilaSkus colma Camoutana mas wamlebi kiSiniovidan.

mowme yovelTvis eswreboda q-ni ilaSkus vizitebs da xels uwyobda

aucilebeli wamlebis mitanaSi. b-ni ilaSku uCioda kuWs, magram misi

tkivilebi ar yofila cixis administraciis mier ganxorcielebuli raime

qmedebis Sedegi. mowmem ilaSku bolos 1999 wels naxa.

16. dumitru postovani

179. b-ni postovani muSaobda prokurorad 1990 wlidan 1994 wlamde da

generalur prokurorad 1994 wlidan 1998 wlamde. igi prokurorad dainiSna

1990 wels sabWoTa moldaveTis parlamentis mier. mosmenis droisaTvis igi

muSaobda vaWrobisa da industriis palatisaTvis da rCevas aZlevda xolme

prezidents saerTaSoriso samarTlebriv sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT.

180. moldovasa da dnestrispireTs Soris oficialuri gayofa arasodes

momxdara.

konstituciuri

dnestrispireTi, radgan maT dakarges kontroli regionze.

1992

wlis

organoebi

samxedro

konfliqtis

Sedegad

iyvnen,

moldovis

daetovebinaT

iZulebulni

181. ganmcxadeblebi ar `daukavebiaT~, isini mxolod daiWires. ar yofila

gacemuli moldovis oficialuri sasamarTlos brZaneba maT dakavebasTan

dakavSirebiT. ramdenime adamiani daiWires. prokuraturam miswera smirnovs,

rogorc tiraspolis saqalaqo sabWos Tavmjdomares (ra Tanamdebobazec

igi dainiSna 1990 wels) da mosTxova mas am pirebis gadacema moldovis

respublikis sagamoZiebo organoebisaTvis, magram prokuraturam ver miiRo

pasuxi

aRniSnulTan

dakavSirebiT.

molaparakebebs

b-ni

sturca

xelmZRvanelobda.

182. generali iakovlevi dapatimrebuli iqna 1992 wlis Teberval-martSi

generaluri prokuraturis mier gacemuli brZanebis safuZvelze. misi

dakavebis brZaneba ganxiluli iqna moldovis umaRles xelisuflebasTan,

magram ar SeiZleba imis Tqma, TiTqos es dakaveba swored mTavrobis

brZanebiT moxda. es generali, romelic dakavebis droisaTvis ukve aRar

iyo me-14 armiis sardali, exmareboda dnestrispirelebs SeiaraRebis

momaragebaSi. moldovis sadazvervo samsaxurebma igi daakaves ukrainis

teritoriaze da Caiyvanes kiSiniovSi. gamoZieba generaluri prokuraturis

saxeliT

warmarTes

uSiSroebis

saministros

gamomZieblebma.

mtkicebulebaTa Segrovebas generaluri prokuratura zedamxedvelobda.

generali iakovlevi patimrobaSi imyofeboda 72 saaTis ganmavlobaSi,

vinaidan, moldovis kanonmdeblobiT, eWvmitanilebi ar SeiZleba 72 saaTian

vadaze meti xniT iqnen dakavebulni. igi gaaTavisufles mtkicebulebebis

ararsebobis gamo, radgan moldovis xelisuflebis organoebs ar gaaCndaT

SesaZlebloba, waremarTaT saTanado gamoZieba im faqtebTan dakavSirebiT,

romelTa Cadenac mas bralad eracxeboda. generalur prokuraturaSi

inaxeba piradi saqme, romelSic unda iyos Cadebuli misi gaTavisuflebis

brZaneba.

vinaidan

dnestrispireTSi

ver

xerxdeboda

damatebiTi

mtkicebulebebis mopoveba, igi gaTavisuflebuli iqna, im mizeziT, rom mis

winaaRmdeg arsebuli mtkicebulebebi arasakmarisi iyo.

mowmem gaigo Worebi, romelTa Tanaxmadac iakovlevi gaaTavisufles im 23

moldovelis

gaTavisuflebis

sanacvlod,

romlebic

patimrobaSi

imyofebodnen dnestrispireTSi. sinamdvileSi moldovis xelisuflebis

organoebs patimrobaSi hyavdaT daaxloebiT 40 dnestrispireli da moxda

gacvla. magram es ar exeboda iakovlevs. mowmem araferi icoda raime

zewolis Sesaxeb, romelic momdinareobda ruseTis mTavrobidan iakovlevis

gaTavisuflebasTan dakavSirebiT. man icoda, rom generali stoliarovi

Camovida moskovidan kiSiniovSi, raTa eTxova iakovlevis gaTavisufleba,

radgan man Seityo iakovlevis dapatimrebis Sesaxeb.

183. generalurma prokuraturam gaafrTxila `mdr~-s e.w. uzenaesi

sasamarTlos Tavmjdomare, rom mas da mis sasamarTlos ar gaaCndaT

iurisdiqcia

xelisuflebis

da

rom

ganmcxadeblebi

Semdgomi

unda

gasamarTlebis

gadaecaT

moldovis

mizniT. im

organoebisTvis

droisaTvis `mdr~-Si moqmedebda moldovis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi.

1993 wlis 9 dekembers, sasamarTlodan meore dRes, moldovis uzenaesma

sasamarTlom gaauqma `mdr~-s uzenaesi sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba,

rogorc arakonstituciuri.

184. nebismier saqmeSi, sadac arsebobda eWvi, rom danaSauli Cadenili iyo

dnestrispireTSi, generaluri prokuratura xsnida saqmes. analogiuri

ganxorcielda ilaSkusa da misi megobari patimrebis SemTxvevaSic mas

Semdeg, rac `mdr-s uzenaesi sasamarTlos~ gadawyvetileba gauqmebuli iqna

moldovis uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier, magram SeuZlebeli iyo gamoZiebis

warmarTva da Sesabamisi qmedebebis ganxorcieleba xsenebuli miznis

misaRwevad. 1995 wlis agvistoSi moldovis prezidentma gamosca amnistia,

romelsac Tan mohyva parlamentis gadawyvetileba. xsenebulis zegavlena

gamoZiebaze iyo is, rom nebismieri saqme, romelsac exeboda amnistia,

wydeboda.

185. mowmis moadgilem sisxlis samarTlis gamoZieba aRZra 1993 wlis

dekemberSi im prokurorebTan da mosamarTleebTan mimarTebaSi, romlebic

monawileobdnen ilaSkus sasamarTlos warmarTvaSi. isini eWvmitanilni

iyvnen Zalauflebis borotad gamoyenebaSi. aRZruli iqna ramdenime saqme

dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoTa warmomadgenlebis winaaRmdeg.

magram raime sagamoZiebo moqmedebis warmarTva Zneli ki ara, SeuZlebeli

iyo. generalurma prokuraturam dakiTxa ilaSkus jgufis warmomadgenelTa

ojaxis wevrebi, magram maT ar SeeZloT bevri informaciis mowodeba.

186. ilaSkus jgufis garda kidev iyvnen sxva adamianebic, romlebic

patimrobaSi imyofebodnen mcire xnis ganmavlobaSi dnestrispireTSi,

magram arc erTi maTganis winaaRmdeg gamoZieba ar warmarTula.

187. moldovis parlamentis 1995 wlis mowodebis Tanaxmad, romelic

mimarTuli iyo moldovis mTavrobisadmi da miznad isaxavda prioritetuli

problemis saxiT ilaSkus jgufis patimrobis sakiTxis ganxilvas,

generalurma prokuraturam moiTxova saqmis dnestrispireTidan misTvis

gadagzavna Semdgomi gamoZiebis mizniT da patimrobaSi myofi pirebis

gadacema

moldovis

mxarisaTvis.

magram

xsenebuli

moTxovnebi

ignorirebuli iqna. ar arsebobda aranairi gza problemis gadaWrisa, garda

diplomatiuri molaparakebisa.

188. 2000 wels mowme ar muSaobda xsenebul Tanamdebobaze da, Sesabamisad,

ver SeZlo pasuxi gaeca raime kiTxvaze im dnestrispirel prokurorebsa da

mosamarTleebTan dakavSirebiT saqmis Sewyvetis Taobaze, romlebic

monawileobdnen

samarTalwarmoebaSi. analogiurad, erTaderTi informacia, romelic

xelmisawvdomi iyo ilaSkusTan dakavSirebiT, es iyo gazeTebSi

ganmcxadebelTa

winaaRmdeg

gamarTul

sasamarTlo

gamoqveynebuli informacia, romlis Tanaxmadac xsenebuli warmoadgenda

prezident voroninsa da ruseTis prezidents Soris molaparakebebis

Sedegs.

189. 1992-1998 wlebs Soris mravali werilis gagzavnis garda, mowmis

moadgiles, vasile sturcas, nakisri hqonda sagangebo pasuxismgebloba,

waremarTa qmedebebi, raTa uzrunveleyo ganmcxadebelTa gaTavisufleba. igi

wavida tiraspolSi, Sexvedrebi hqonda parlamentSi da a.S. misTvis advili

ar iyo tiraspolSi wasvla, magram moipova iq Casvlis ufleba tiraspolis

reJimisagan. Tumca rodesac iq Cavida, igi veravis Sexvda. veranairi

pozitiuri Sedegi ver iqna miRweuli. generalurma prokuraturam aseve

moiTxova, rom prokurorebs nebarTva hqonodaT, Casuliyvnen xolme

tiraspolSi im mizniT, rom gamoeZiebinaT, marTla Caidines Tu ara e.w.

ilaSkus jgufis wevrebma mkvlelobebi, romlebSic brali daedoT, magram

xsenebuli moTxovnebi ignorirebuli iqna. mowmem da misma samsaxurma

moaxsenes xsenebulis Sesaxeb moldovis axal parlaments. mowmis

moadgiles, b-n sturcas, mogvianebiT daekisra dnestrispireTis mxaresTan

molaparakebebis warmarTvis pasuxismgebloba.

generaluri prokuratura ar dakavSirebia ruseTis sagamoZiebo organoebs

pirdapir, miuxedavad imisa, rom arsebobda SeTanxmeba moldovisa da

ruseTis xelisuflebis organoebs Soris xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT.

190.

mowme

acxadebda,

rom

oficialurad

SeTanaxmebebi

arasodes

xorcieldeboda

moldovisa

da dnestrispireTis

marTlmsajulebis

organoebs Soris. mowmem aRiara, rom araoficialurad adgili hqonda

garkveul erTobliv qmedebebs seriozuli danaSaulis aRkveTis mizniT.

moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi ukavSirdebodnen dnestrispirel

kolegebs. zogjer patimrebis gacvlac xdeboda xolme. Tumca praqtikulad

yvela patimari gacvlili iqna im droisaTvis, rodesac ilaSkus jgufi iqna

dakavebuli, ase rom aRaravin iyo darCenili, rom gaecvalaT. rac Seexeba

seriozul danaSaulebs, xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT midioda informaciis

gacvla an sxva mxridan mowmeebis gamoZaxeba, magram patimrebi ar

gacvlilan. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu piri ganaxorcielebda dezertirobas

dnestrispireTis samxedro Zalebidan, moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi

ar gadascemdnen am pirs da ar moaxdendnen mis eqstradirebas

dnestrispireTSi. ar arsebobda aranairi SeTanxmeba eWvmitanilebis

eqstradicia-gadacemasTan dakavSirebiT.

191. mowmem araferi icoda misi Semcvlelis mier gacemuli brZanebis

Sesaxeb. b-nma iugam 2000 wlis agvistoSi gaauqma braldeba im

mosamarTleebisa da prokurorebis winaaRmdeg, romlebic monawileobas

iRebdnen ilaSkus sasamarTlo procesSi, magram mowme fiqrobda, rom

generalur prokurors unda daekisrebina maTTvis sisxlis samarTlis

kodeqsis sxva muxlebiT gaTvaliswinebuli pasuxismgebloba, magaliTad,

sajaro xelisuflebis borotad gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT, imgvarad, rom

xsenebuli

pirebi

ar

gaTavisuflebuliyvnen

sisxlissamarTlebrivi

braldebisagan.

192. mowmis TqmiT, im cixis mmarTvelis winaaRmdeg sisxlissamarTlebrivi

gamoZiebis aRZvras, romelSic ilaSkus jgufi imyofeboda, is datvirTva

hqonda, rom igi daeqvemdebareboda dakavebis safrTxes moldovaSi.

193. mowme Tvlida, rom moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi akeTebdnen

yvelafers, risi gakeTebac SeeZloT, raTa uzrunveleyoT ganmcxadebelTa

gaTavisufleba.

diplomatiur

doneze

yvela

iniciativa

iqna

dakmayofilebuli im pasuxiT, rom xsenebuli sakiTxebi gadawyvetili

iqneboda, rodesac ganisazRvreboda dnestrispireTis statusi, da ara

uadres. bolos, mowmis azriT, mxolod politikuri da ara samarTlebrivi

qmedebiT iyo SesaZlebeli ilaSkus jgufis wevrebis gaTavisufleba.

194. mowme acxadebda, rom ilaSkus SemTxvevis garda arsebobda kidev sxva

SemTxvevebic, romlebSic aRZruli iyo sisxlissamarTlebrivi devna

dnestrispireTSi moRvawe mosamarTleebisa da prokurorebis winaaRmdeg.

man zustad ar icoda, Tu riT damTavrda gamoZieba, magram varaudobda, rom

Sewyda garkveuli mizezebis gamo.

195. mowme ar ganicdida raime zewolas, rodesac igi generaluri

prokurori iyo. generaluri prokurori damoukidebeli iyo mTavrobisagan.

iusticiis ministrs ar SeeZlo instruqciebi mieca misTvis, Tumca

mTavrobas

SeeZlo

TxovniT

an

winadadebiT

miemarTa

generaluri

prokuraturisaTvis gamoZiebis aRZvrasTan dakavSirebiT.

196. mowme Tvlida, rom moldovis konstituciuri xelisuflebis organoebi

ver axorcielebdnen veranair uflebamosilebas qveynis aRmosavleT

nawilSi.

197. smirnovi daakaves 1992 wels, xolo Semdeg gaaTavisufles. simarTles

warmoadgens, rom antiufeevi da sxvebi ramdenimejer iyvnen moldovaSi,

magram isini ar daukavebiaT. xsenebulis mizezi is iyo, rom 1992 wlis 21

ivliss moxda Serigeba. Serigebis Semdeg moldovis xelisuflebis

organoebs TavianTi qmedebebi sxva gziT unda waremarTaT, maT SeTanxmebis

gzebi

unda

eZiaT.

gamoZiebebi

SeCerda;

aranairi

represiebi

ar

xorcieldeboda. brZolis velze dapatimrebuli patimrebi, magaliTad,

kazakebi, ukan iqnen gadacemulni; aranairi gamoZieba ar aRZrula generali

lebedis winaaRmdeg da a.S.

198. mowmem ar icoda, rom 1992 wlis konfliqtis dros moldovis

konstituciuri xelisuflebis organoebma daakaves me-14 armiis oficrebi.

marTlac, man miswera ruseTis sagamoZiebo organoebs dnestrispireTSi

kazakebis yofnis Sesaxeb, raTa Seetyo ruseTis pozicia xsenebulTan

dakavSirebiT. pasuxad ruseTis sagamoZiebo organoebma acnobes mas, rom

isini oficialurad ar aRiareben dnestrispireTis separatistul reJims.

199. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi oficialuri urTierTobebi xorcieldeboda

moldovis generalur prokuraturasa da me-14 armiis prokurors Soris.

rac Seexeba ilaSkus saqmes, oficialurad me-14 armia uaryofda, rom isini

raime saxiT monawileobdnen gamoZiebaSi, xolo moldovis xelisuflebis

organoebs ar gaaCndaT oficialuri informacia, romelic saSualebas

miscemda maT, TxovniT miemarTaT ilaSkus saqmesTan dakavSirebiT. me-14

armia uaryofda 1992 wlis konfliqtSi monawileobas.

200. mowmem naxa ruseTis televiziiT gadacemuli filmi arCevnebSi

`polkovnik gusevis~ monawileobasTan dakavSirebiT, romelic sinamdvileSi

generali lebedi iyo, magram moldovis xelisuflebis organoebs ar

gaaCndaT oficialuri informacia amis Taobaze.

201. prezidenti sneguri gamovida parlamentis winaSe imis saTqmelad, rom

me-14 armia SeiWra dnestrispireTSi Tavisi tankebiT. mowme fiqrobda, rom

xsenebuli informacia sinamdviles Seesabameboda, radgan sxvagvarad mas ar

SeeZlo warmoedgina, saidan iSoves dnestrispirelma separatistebma

tankebi. mowme aseve aRiarebda, rom 1992 wlis ivnisSi oficialuri

informacia waredgina parlaments Sinagan saqmeTa saministros mier

konfliqtSi

tankebisa

javSantransportiorebis

monawileobasTan

dakavSirebiT. magram advili ar iyo imis Tqma, Tu vis winaaRmdeg unda

aRZruliyo gamoZieba. dasawyisSi iTvleboda, rom me-14 armia ekuTvnoda

moldovas, Semdeg gadawyda, rom igi ekuTvnoda ruseTs. faqtobrivad,

adgili ar hqonia axlo TanamSromlobas me-14 armiasTan gamoZiebis

sferoSi, radgan amis saWiroeba ar arsebobda. adgili ar hqonia

incidentebs.

17. valeriu Cadana

202. mowme iyo moldovis generaluri prokurori 1998-1999 wlebSi. xsenebul

periodamde, 1996 wlidan 1998 wlamde, igi iyo kiSiniovis prokurori.

generalur prokuraturaSi mowme 1990 wlidan 1996 wlamde muSaobda, xolo

sagamoZiebo organoebSi 1973 wlidan 1990 wlamde.

203. moldovis konstituciuri sagamoZiebo organoebi ver Sediodnen

dnestrispireTis teritoriaze 1992 wlidan moyolebuli reJimTan raime

oficialuri kontaqtis ararsebobis gamo. xsenebul periodSi mowme

arasodes yofila tiraspolSi, Tumca moldovis xelisuflebis organoebis

mier

ganxorcielda

mcdelobebi

ilaSkus

jgufis

gaTavisuflebis

uzrunvelyofasTan dakavSirebiT. generaluri prokuroris Tanamdebobis

datovebis Semdeg mowmem aRar icis raime informacia saqmesTan

dakavSirebiT.

204. mowmes araferi smenia generaluri prokuroris 2000 wlis 16 agvistos

brZanebis Sesaxeb dnestrispireTis mosamarTleebisa da prokurorebis

winaaRmdeg sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 90-e da 192-e muxlebiT aRZrul

saqmesTan dakavSirebuli gamoZiebis Sewyvetis Taobaze, im motiviT, rom

Sesabamis pirebs arasodes daukavebiaT sajaro Tanamdeboba moldovaSi.

mowme fiqrobda, rom gamoZiebis Sewyvetis gadawyvetileba araswori iyo.

205. mowmem waikiTxa gazeTebSi, rom prezidenti voronini da prezidenti

putini, agreTve, TviT rumineTis prezidentic ki xels uwyobdnen b-ni

ilaSkus gaTavisuflebas.

206. adgili ar hqonia raime saxis oficialur Tu araoficialur

TanamSromlobas moldovisa da dnestrispireTis sagamoZiebo organoebs

Soris. mowme piradad arasodes dalaparakebia dnestrispireTis prokurors.

mowmem icoda, rom Sinagan saqmeTa saministros hqonda brZaneba,

eTanamSromla dnestrispireTis Sinagan saqmeTa saministrosTan, raTa

gaumjobesebuliyo brZola danaSaulis winaaRmdeg – mdinaris mopirdapire

mxarisaTvis gadaecaT seriozuli danaSaulis CadenaSi eWvmitanili pirebi.

magram adgili ar hqonia oficialur eqstradicias, rogorc aseTi, radgan

es exeboda pirebs erTi da imave saxelmwifos sazRvrebs SigniT. magram

araoficialurad xsenebuli xorcieldeboda. rac Seexeba zogadad

eqstradicias, winaT es xdeboda prokuroris gadawyvetilebiT. axla

kanonmdebloba Seicvala da xsenebulis gansaxorcieleblad moiTxoveba

sasamarTlos brZaneba.

1998-1999 wlebSi, rodesac mowme generaluri prokurori iyo, moldovasa da

dnestrispireTs Soris ar arsebobda raime saxis oficialuri SeTanxmeba

pirebis gacvlasTan dakavSirebiT. rogorc es mowmem icis, arasodes

dadebula aseTi SeTanxmeba. moldovasa da dnestrispireTs Soris pirebis

gadayvana organizebuli iqna Sinagan saqmeTa saministros mier. iyo

SemTxvevebi, rodesac pirebi, romlebic dnestrispireTSi Cadiodnen

danaSauls, moldovidan gadaecemodnen dnestrispireTs. oficialurad

xsenebuli ar keTdeboda, magram araoficialurad orive mxaris sapolicio

Zalebi TanamSromlobdnen da gadascemdnen pirebs erTmaneTs. magaliTad,

1995 wels dubasariSi policiis komisris winaaRmdeg aRiZra saqme da igi

eqstradirebuli iqna dnestrispireTSi.

207. generalur prokurorad msaxurobis periodSi mowmes ar miuRia raime

saxis Txovna b-ni ilaSkus an sxva ganmcxadeblebis mxridan da kavSiri ar

hqonia

dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis

warmomadgenlebTan

ilaSkus

saqmesTan dakavSirebiT. xsenebul periodSi mis samsaxurSi ar muSaobda

aravin saqmeze, romelic aRZruli iyo dnestrispireTis mosamarTleebisa da

prokurorebis winaaRmdeg. saqme SeCerebuli iyo. 1998 wlidan 1999 wlamde

xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT ar ganxorcielebula aranairi gamoZieba,

miuxedavad imisa, rom 2000 wels miRebuli iqna oficialuri gadawyvetileba

saqmis SewyvetasTan dakavSirebiT.

208. moldovis uzenaesma sasamarTlom miiRo im ganaCenis asli, romelic

gamotanili iyo e.w. separatistuli teritoriuli erTeulis uzenaesi

sasamarTlos mier, magram sasamarTlos ar miuRia saqmis masalebi. adgili

hqonda TanamSromlobas mxolod Sinagan saqmeTa saministroebis doneze.

dabal

safexurze

mdgomi

prokurorebi

SesaZloa

axorcielebdnen

satelefono zarebs TavianT kolegebTan dnestrispireTSi, magram es

mxolod piradi saqme iyo. 1998 wlamde ar arsebobda aranairi specialuri

prokurori,

dakavebuli.

romelic

mowmem

sagangebod

aseTi danayofi

dnestrispireTis

Seqmna 1998

TemiT

wels.

iqneboda

danayofis

pasuxismgeblobas warmoadgenda saerTaSoriso urTierTobebi da ara

mxolod urTierTobebi dnestrispireTTan mimarTebaSi; magram Tu

warmoiSoboda problema dnestrispireTTan dakavSirebiT, swored es

departamenti ganixilavda mas. Tumca xsenebuli departamenti ar iyo

kompetenturi, ewarmoebina gamoZieba im danaSaulebTan mimarTebaSi,

romlebic savaraudod Caidines dnestrispirelma xelisuflebis pirebma;

aseTi

danaSaulebis

gamoZiebis

kompetencia

gaaCnda

sagamoZiebo

departaments. magram nebismier SemTxvevaSi moldovis xelisuflebis

organoebs ar miuwvdebodaT xeli informaciaze, romelic exeboda

dnestrispireTSi mimdinare movlenebs, ase rom isini ar aRZravdnen

gamoZiebas im SemTxvevaSic ki, Tu miiRebdnen xsenebulTan dakavSirebul

moTxovnas kerZo pirisagan.

209. b-n ilaSkus generalur prokuraturaSi ar gaugzavnia aranairi

pretenzia. werili, romelic b-nma ilaSkum 1999 wels moldovis parlaments

gaugzavna, parlaments ar gadaugzavnia sagamoZiebo organoebisaTvis. mowmes

arasodes gaugia b-ni ilaSkus aseTi peticiis Sesaxeb.

210. mowmem ganacxada, rom igi iZulebuli iyo, gadamdgariyo politikuri

mizezebis gamo: komunisturi partiis wevrebi ewinaaRmdegebodnen mis

muSaobas, radgan igi daJinebiT moiTxovda gadawyvetilebebis miRebas

mxolod kanonis safuZvelze da ara imis Sesabamisad, Tu saidan uberavda

politikuri

niavi.

rodesac

gaTavisufleba

mizanSewonilad

da

gonivruladaa miCneuli, yovelTvis gamoiZebneba mizezi da swored es

moxda mowmesTan mimarTebaSic. generaluri prokuroris Tanamdeboba

politikuri Tanamdeboba iyo. mowme cdilobda, ar Careuliyo politikur

saqmianobaSi da mxolod kanoni daecva. magram, samwuxarod, garkveuli

saqmeebi politikas exeboda.

211. mowmes gaaCnda mosazreba, rom ilaSkus jgufis gaTavisufleba

SesaZlebeli

konstituciuri xelisuflebis organoebs ar SeeZloT gaekeTebinaT ufro

meti, vidre gaakeTes. TviT saerTaSoriso zewolis konteqstSic

iyo

mxolod

Zalis

gamoyenebis

Sedegad.

moldovis

xelisuflebam gaakeTa yvelaferi, risi gakeTebac SeeZlo.

mowme X

212. mowme iyo xelisuflebis maRali Tanamdebobis piri dnestrispireTSi.

mosmenis droisaTvis igi arasamTavrobo organizaciaSi muSaobda.

213. me-14 armia CarTuli iyo 1991-1992 wlis movlenebSi. me-14 armiis

gadamdgari oficrebi daqiravebulni iyvnen separatistebis mier. Semdeg me-

14 armia pirdapir CaerTo konfliqtSi, romlis Sedegadac separatistebma

gaimarjves. amis Semdeg ruseTi isev CaerTo procesSi da Tavs moaxvia

mxareebs molaparakebebis warmoeba da `mSvidobis SenarCuneba~.

Sedga moldovis, ruseTisa da ukrainis ministrebis Sexvedra, romelSic

mowmec monawileobda. situaciis gadaWris SesaZlebloba saxeze iyo 1992

wels. rumineTi mxars uWerda moldovis pozicias. magram warmodgenili

formula ganadgurebuli iqna, rodesac ruseTis saidumlo samsaxurebma

moawyes

incidentis

inspirireba

qalaq

benderSi,

ramac

CaSala

molaparakebebi da daasrula damkvirvebelTa misia. moldovis samxedro

marcxi sabolood dafiqsirda 1992 wels, rodesac ruseTis prezidentma

elcinma da moldovis prezidentma snegurma xeli moaweres SeTanxmebas

konfliqtis SeCerebasTan dakavSirebiT. SeTanxmeba xelmowerili iqna

mxolod am ori prezidentis mier. SeiZleboda daskvnis gamotana, rom

konfliqtis

meore

mxares

ruseTis

federacia

warmoadgenda;

igi

akontrolebda regions da swored mas gaaCnda SesaZlebloba, SeeCerebina

konfliqti moldovis samxedro marcxis Semdeg. `mSvidobis SenarCunebis~

formula

Tavs

iqna

moxveuli

ruseTis

mier.

konfliqtSi

aseve

monawileobdnen dnestrispireTis ukanono SeiaraRebuli formirebebi.

elcin/sneguris SeTanxmebis safuZvelze Seqmnil sakontrolo komisiaSi

miRweuli daskvnebis Sedegad separatistuli reJimi gaZlierda.

214. 1991 wlis agvistoSi, rodesac smirnovs emuqreboda dakaveba moldovis

xelisuflebis mier, igi gadamala me-14 armiis xelmZRvanelobam, kerZod,

genadi iakovlevma. iakovlevi amis Semdeg emorCileboda smirnovis

brZanebebs

da

iRebda

miTiTebebs,

daecva

dnestrispireTis

arakonstituciuri reJimi.

mowme piradad eswreboda 1992 wlis gasafxulze axlagazrda kacis

dakiTxvas, romelic donis rostovidan iyo da tyved aiyvanes moldovis

konstituciurma samxedro Zalebma. pirma aRiara, rom gagzavnili iyo

moldovaSi, raTa daecva rusuli miwa dnestrispireTSi. mowmem dakiTxa

suk-is yofili wevri, romelic tiraspolSi msaxurobda 1991 wels.

xsenebulma oficerma ganucxada mowmes, rom rogorc ruseTis dazvervis

centraluri sammarTvelos (gru) danayofis wevri, Cavida tiraspolSi da

apirebda tiraspolis datovebas, radgan icoda, rom axlovdeboda

ubedureba da sisxlisRvra. me-14 armia rCeboda ruseTis kontrolis qveS,

ase rom ruseTs rCeboda Carevis mizezi.

215. mowmem Caatara igor smirnovis dakiTxva. igi arCeuli iqna sxva 64

warmomadgenelTan erTad dnestrispirel mSromelTa gaerTianebuli sabWos

SemadgenlobaSi 1990 wlis Teberval/martSi. man xma misca mirCa draks

rogorc

premier-ministrs

da,

Sesabamisad,

SesaZlebloba

hqonda,

daemtkicebina, rom demokrati iyo. mowmem smirnovi dakiTxa 1990 wels e.w.

me-2 kongresis mowvevis mizezebTan dakavSirebiT (es iyo kongresi,

romelsac Sedegad mohyva dnestrispireTis sabWoTa socialisturi

respublikis gamocxadeba). igor smirnovma ganacxada, rom moldovis

enasTan dakavSirebulma kanonmdeblobam is da misi dnestrispireli

megobrebi meorexarisxovan moqalaqeebad gadaaqcia. magram man ver SeZlo

mowmisaTvis waredgina Tundac erTi debuleba enasTan dakavSirebul

kanonmdeblobaSi, romelic gamoiwvevda maT daCagvras. xsenebuli mowmobda,

rom mis separatizms safuZvlad ar edo problema, romelic ar SeiZleboda

gadaWriliyo demokratiuli gziT.

dnestrispireTSi gamoyenebuli scenari adre gamoyenebuli iqna afxazeTsa

da samxreT oseTSi, magram ver ganxorcielda baltiispireTis qveynebSi.

sabWoTa kavSiris daSlidan erTi wlis Semdeg politikuri procesi

moldovaSi iseve ganviTarda, rogorc baltiispireTis qveynebSi. Sedegad

Seiqmna situacia, romlis drosac sajaro organizmi aRar kontroldeboda

komunisturi partiis mier. magram am SemTxvevaSi dasasruli sxvagvari

gamodga. baltiispireTis qveynebma SeZles Tavidan aecilebinaT separatizmi.

antiufeevis

jgufma

baltiispireTis

qveynebSi

ganaxorciela

igive

mcdelobebi, romlebic mimarTuli iyo konstituciuri wyobis damxobisaken.

antiufeevi, im droisaTvis dnestrispireTis separatistuli mTavrobis

wevri, gaiqca latviidan. dakiTxvisas man ganacxada, rom moldovaSi

gaagzavna sabWoTa parlamentSi arsebulma jgufma `soiuz~, romelsac

lukianovi

xelmZRvanelobda.

mas

SesTavazes

an

afxazeTi

an

dnestrispireTi. man dnestrispireTi airCia, radgan iq ar idga enis

problema. igi gaagzavnes sxva saxelmwifoSi dadgenil konstituciur

reJimTan sabrZolvelad, rogorc es man gaakeTa latviaSi. antiufeevi da

oleg gudimo, misi moadgile, arian ruseTis moqalaqeebi. igi Seyvanilia

dumis saamomrCevlo siaSi, rogorc stalinis `Savi~ kandidatebis

mxardamWeri. kandidatebi ar iqnen arCeulni, magram sayuradReboa, rom

antiufeevi am tipis adamianebs miekuTvneba.

216. 1992 wlis 25 Tu 26 marts mowme wavida me-14 armiis StabbinaSi ramdenime

moldovel parlamentarTan da general netkaCovTan erTad, romelic iyo

me-14 armiis sardali. oficerTa umravlesoba dezorientirebuli iyo. isini

iseT mdgomareobaSi iyvnen, rom advili iyo maTi manipulireba. swored amiT

aixsneba, rom jaris garkveuli nawili dnestrispireTis separatistuli

reJimis iurisdiqciis qveS gadavida. me-14 armiis eTnikuri moldoveli

jariskaci Camovida kiSiniovSi – igi maiori iyo – mowmisaTvis imis

saTqmelad,

dnestrispireTis armia, romelsac hqonda me-14 armiis kuTvnili tankebi,

organizebuli iqna me-14 armiis oficrebis mier. separatistebis

rom

me-14

armia

gegmavda

konfliqtSi

CarTvas.

e.w.

gankargulebaSi iyo artileria, romelic saSualebas aZlevda maT,

gaekontrolebinaT dnestrispireTis teritoria. maT hyavdaT kargad

gawvrTnili tankis memanqaneebi, Sveulmfrenebi da 18 tanki. arc erTi

zemoxsenebuli ar iyideboda kerZo bazarze.

217. igor smirnovi iyo ruseTis federaciis moqalaqe.

218. mowme fiqrobda, rom ruseTis jarebi darCebodnen moldovaSi

konfliqtis politikuri gziT iseT mogvarebamde, romelic xelsayreli

iqneboda ruseTis federaciisTvis. me-14 armia 11 wlis ganmavlobaSi imitom

ar gaiyvanes, rom ruseTis federacias ar surda es. ruseTis samxedro

Zalebis iq yofna gamoiyeneboda moldovaze zewolis gansaxorcieleblad

da ukanono separatistuli reJimis dasacavad. 1998 wlis martSi odesaSi

ruseTis premier-ministr b-n Cernomirdinsa da b-n smirnovs Soris

xelmowerili iqna SeTanxmeba me-14 armiis kuTvnili samxedro qonebis

gayofasTan dakavSirebiT. dnestrispireTi gaxda ukanono komerciuli

saqmianobis centri, romelic me-14 armiis aRWurvilobidan iaraRis gayidvas

da eqsports awarmoebda.

me-14 armia rom gasuliyo, es gadaWrida problemas. dRemde ar gatanila

aranairi

samxedro

aRWurviloba.

jarebis

srulad

gayvanis

vada

gadacilebuli iqna da dairRveva axali vadac. ruseTis dumis vebgverdze

gamoqveynebuli iyo gancxadeba, romlis Tanaxmadac dumis wevrebs

moeTxovebodaT, Tavi SeekavebinaT dnestrispireTTan dakavSirebiT TavianTi

azris gamoTqmisagan, radgan adamianis uflebaTa evropul sasamarTloSi

mimdinareobda saqmis ganxilva da aseTi gancxadebebi negatiurad

imoqmedebda saqmesTan dakavSirebul situaciaze.

219. b-ni ilaSku warmoadgenda saxalxo fronts tiraspolSi. igi

gaaTavisufles ruseTis federaciis zewolis Sedegad. b-ni ilaSku

pirobiTad iqna gaTavisuflebuli – anu im pirobiT, rom gamoitanda

ganacxads

strasburgis

sasamarTlodan.

darCenili

ganmcxadeblebi

mZevlebad iqnen datovebulni. xsenebuli daamtkica b-nma voroninma,

romelmac ganacxada, rom ilaSku damnaSave iyo imaSi, rom darCenili

ganmcxadeblebis patimroba grZeldeboda da im SemTxvevaSi, Tu ilaSku

gamoitanda ganacxads, isini dauyovnebliv iqnebodnen gaTavisuflebulni.

220. generalma lebedma, me-14 armiis sardalma, iseve, rogorc iakovlevma,

Tavs

neba

misca,

arCeuliyo

dnestrispireTis

arakonstituciur

sakanonmdeblo organoSi. igi daufaravad aRwerda, Tu rogor aiaraRebda

kazakebs moldovis xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad.

221. strasburgSi gamarTul sajaro mosmenaze dasmuli erT-erTi kiTxva

aseTi iyo: exmareba Tu ara ruseTi dnestrispireTs ekonomikurad? ruseTis

federaciis warmomadgenlebis pasuxi iyo, rom ruseTis elCi moldovaSi

axorcielebda xolme vizitebs tiraspolSi da acxadebda ruseTis

federaciis interesebs dnestrispireTSi mimdinare privatizaciis procesSi.

es iyo dnestrispireTis ekonomikis damoukideblobis legitimurobis

aRiareba, TanamSromlobis SeTanxmebis garda saxeze iyo im saqonlis sia,

romelic privilegirebulad unda yofiliyo ganxiluli, moldovis

aRmosavleT nawilidan Sesul saqonels Tavisuflad unda emoZrava da ar

unda dabegriliyo.

dnestrispireTs aseve gaaCnda 700 milioni amerikuli dolaris vali

ruseTisadmi momxarebuli gazisaTvis, rogorc amas acxadebda gazis

momwodebeli kompania `gazpromi~. ruseTis saxelmwifo ufasod aZlevda

gazs dnestrispireTs 11 wlis ganmavlobaSi. igi amas imitom akeTebda, rom

mxardaWera aRmoeCina ukanono reJimisaTvis, sinamdvileSi ki gadaerCina

dnestrispireTis ekonomika.

rac Seexeba politikur mxardaWeras, SesaZlebelia gavixsenoT ruseTis

vice-prezidentis b-n ruckois gancxadeba moskovsa da 1992 wels

tiraspolSi vizitisas. ruseTis dumaSi Seiqmna komiteti dnestrispireTSi

arsebuli problemebis gadaWrasTan dakavSirebiT – naxsenebi ar yofila is

faqti, rom dnestrispireTis reJimi ukanono iyo. SesaZlebelia aseve

gavixsenoT 1997 wels moskovSi xelmowerili memorandumi moldovis

prezident luCinskisa da `mdr~-s prezident smirnovs Soris, rasac aseve

Tan erTvoda prezident elcinis xelmowera ruseTis federaciis mxridan

da prezident kuCmas xelmowera ukrainis mxridan, romelic cnobda

dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebis kanonierebas molaparakebis

procesSi.

222. moldovis biujeti im droisaTvis iyo 300 milioni amerikuli dolari.

ruseTis mier dnestrispireTisaTvis gaweuli daxmareba orjer aRemateboda

moldovis

wliur

biujets.

rabnitas

metalurgiuli

qarxana

dnestrispireTSi awarmoebda dnestrispireTis biujetis 60%-s, vinaidan igi

gadasaxadebisagan gaTavisuflebuli iyo, radgan es aucilebeli iyo

ukanono reJimis gadarCenisaTvis. aseve saxe iyo seriozuli kontrabanda,

magram es sxva saqmea.

223. me-14 armias rom monawileoba ar mieRo 1991-1992 wlebis konfliqtSi,

ukanono reJimi ver gadarCeboda. me-14 armiis monawileobam gadamwyveti

roli iTamaSa moldovis konstituciuri xelisuflebis organoebis

samxedro, politikur da moralur damarcxebaSi. da es mniSvnelovani iyo

ukanono separatistuli reJimis gadasarCenad.

224. mowmem ilaSkus jgufis Sesaxeb pirvelad gaigo misi dakavebis Semdeg.

mowmem ar icoda, es jgufi moldovis saidumlo samsaxurebis wevrebisagan

Sedgeboda Tu ara. maTi gasamarTleba aucilebeli iyo politikuri

miznebisaTvis, raTa gaZlierebuliyo separatistuli reJimi.

19. mirCa sneguri

225. mowme iyo moldovis prezidenti 1990 wlidan 1996 wlamde. Cvenebis

micemis droisaTvis igi liberaluri partiis sapatio prezidenti iyo.

226. 1989 wels ruseTis jaris nawilebi didi odenobiT Camovidnen

moldovaSi. xsenebul periodSi moldovis inteleqtualuri nawili

ibrZoda sakuTari uflebebisaTvis, kerZod ki ruminul enaze laparakis

uflebisaTvis. mowmis gancxadeba, romelic mimarTuli iyo gaero-sadmi,

damoukidebel saxelmwifoTa Tanamegobrobisa da ruseTis federaciisadmi,

emyareboda im faqts, rom me-14 armia kvlav rCeboda dnestris marcxena

sanapiroze, Tumca cota Semcirebuli SemadgenlobiT. xsenebuli armia

aiaraRebda separatist ajanyebulebs. xsenebuli samxedro mxardaWeris gamo

warmoiSva konfliqti. daiwyo moldovis saxelmwifos organoTa

–

policiis, sasamarTloebisa da sxv. _ daSla. aRmocenda paraleluri armia,

romelic moldovis armiaze ukeT iyo aRWurvili. mowme ara mxolod

gancxadebebs akeTebda, aramed aseve axorcielebda vizitebs moskovSi, raTa

arsebuli

situaciis

Sesaxeb

informacia

miewodebina

ruseTis

mTavrobisaTvis. aRWurvilobis sawyobebi gatexili iqna da iaraRi

urigdebodaT ajanyebulebs. konstituciuri Zalebi ar iyvnen ise kargad

SeiaraRebulni, rogorc ajanyebulebi.

SesaZlebelia, prezidenti ar iZleoda pirdapir brZanebebs. magram ar

SeiZleba imis uaryofa, rom adgili hqonda samxedro, ekonomikur da

ideologiur mxardaWeras. ajanyebulebs dnestrispireTSi gaaCndaT kargad

aRWurvili armia.

227.

elcinis

mier

xelmowerili

dokumenti,

romelic

amTavrebda

konfliqts, mianiSnebda im faqtze, rom konfliqtis mxareebi iyvnen ruseTi

da moldova.

prezidentis mier xelmoweris ganxorcielebamde ruseTis vice-prezident

aleqsandre ruckois amocanas warmoadgenda kiSiniovSi Casvla

d

samSvidobo molaparakebis warmoeba. SeTanxmebis proeqti, romelTan

dakavSirebiTac man molaparakeba gamarTa, xelmowerili iqna moskovSi.

moldovis

mxridan

molaparakebaSi

monawileobdnen

premier-ministri

valeriu muravSi, parlamentis Tavmjdomare da Tavad mowme.

228. 1992 wlis ivlisSi smirnovs xeli ar mouweria cecxlis SewyvetasTan

dakavSirebuli SeTanxmebisTvis moskovSi, miuxedavad imisa, rom iq

imyofeboda. rodesac SeTanxmeba xelmowerili iqna ruseTsa da moldovas

Soris, mxareebma gacvales teqstebi. dokumentebze iyo mxolod ori

xelmowera: elcinis da sneguris. mowmem ar icis, saidan gaCnda smirnovis

xelmowera mogvianebiT. SesaZlebelia, b-nma ruckoim neba darTo mas, xeli

moewera dokumentze mogvianebiT.

229. mizezi imisa, Tu ratom iqna xelmowerili 1992 wlis SeTanxmeba, iyo is,

rom arsebobda me-14 armiis kiSiniovSi gamoCenis safrTxe. xalxi ixoceboda.

konkretuli saxelmwifo amaragebda iaraRiT ajanyebulebs, raTa xsenebuli

SesaZlebeli gamxdariyo. arsebobda imis riski, rom tankebi kiSiniovSic

gamoCeniliyo. dnestrispireTSi tankebs ar amzadeben. sabWoTa dros

moldovis industriis 40% dnestrispireTis regionSi iyo ganTavsebuli –

metalurgiuli qarxana, saojaxo eleqtrosaqonlis warmoeba, magaliTad,

macivrebi, saxelosno dazgebi da a.S. dnestrispireTis armias hqonda

tankebi, moldovis armias ki ar hqonda. tankebi Seyvanili iqna benderSi,

Semdeg ki gayvanili. xsenebuli uzarmazar fsiqologiur zewolas

warmoadgenda, yvela satelevizio arxiT gadaicemoda. es savarjiSo

moedanze ar xdeboda.

is, rac moldovis mxares surda, iyo konfliqtis dasruleba da cecxlis

Sewyveta. moldovam miaRwia xsenebuls. moldovis mxare aseve mxars uWerda

dokumentis Sedgenas da samSvidobo misiis mivlenas dnestrispireTSi

ruseTidan, radgan moldovis mxare fiqrobda, rom rusebi zegavlenas

moaxdendnen tiraspolSi myof smirnovze.

230. me-14 armiis tankebi monawileobas iRebdnen konfliqtSi. magaliTad,

benderis operaciaSi tankebma gadakveTes xidi da mogvianebiT ukan

dabrundnen.

231. me-14 armiasTan pirdapiri molaparakeba arasodes gamarTula, magram

xorcieldeboda satelefono saubrebi imisaTvis, rom daerwmunebinaT

armiis warmomadgenlebi, ar miecaT iaraRi separatisti ajanyebulebisaTvis.

magaliTad, xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT molaparakeba xorcieldeboda

general lebedTan. mowmem moismina general lebedis gancxadebebi

televiziiT, rodesac igi ambobda: `Cveni tankebi buqarestzec wava, Tuki

amis saWiroeba Seiqmneba~ da a.S. magram im droisaTvis mowme ar Sexvedria

lebeds. mogvianebiT igi Sexvda mas moskovSi kremlSi gamarTul miRebaze,

romelic eZRvneboda meore msoflio omSi gamarjvebis iubiles.

232. 1992 wlis 21 ivlisis SeTanxmebaSi ruseTma aRiara, rom mas gaaCnda

tiraspolze zemoqmedebis saSualebebi da realurad axorcielebda

zegavlenas

–

magaliTad, cecxlis SewyvetiT

–

romelic Zalze

mniSvnelovani iyo. konfliqtis yovel damatebiT dRes Sedegad mosdevda

damatebiTi cxedrebi. Sesabamisad, uaRresad mniSvnelovani iyo cecxlis

Sewyveta maqsimalurad swrafad. mxolod mogvianebiT iqna ganxiluli iseTi

sakiTxebi, rogoric aris me-14 armiis roli.

233. mowme fiqrobda, rom dnestrispireTis politikuri da ekonomikuri

mxardaWera

ruseTis

federaciis

mxridan

kvlavac

grZeldeboda,

gamomdinare iqidan, rom xsenebuli ukanono separatistuli reJimi kvlavac

funqcionirebda da mas cnobdnen da aRiarebdnen ruseTis dumaSi saTando

pativiTa

da

RirsebiT.

ruseTis

dumaSi

stumrobdnen

xolme

dnestrispireTis warmomadgenlebi, garda amisa, arsebobda uamravi sxva

mtkicebuleba. genadi selezniovma, dumis vice-spikerma aSkarad daadastura

es kiSiniovSi 1992 wels ganxorcielebuli vizitisas, rodesac man

ganacxada: `Cven, rusebma, mxari unda davuWiroT dnestrispireTs. Tu Cven

mas mxars ar davuWerT konfliqtSi, moldova gaerTiandeba rumineTTan~. es

mxardaWeris absoluturad aSkara dadastureba iyo. reJimi ver gadarCeboda

ruseTis ekonomikuri da politikuri mxardaWeris gareSe. es exeba,

magaliTad, energoresursebs

davalianeba ruseTis mimarT gaziT momaragebasTan dakavSirebiT. im faqtis

gamo, rom dnestrispireTi kvlavac ufasod iRebda gazsa da

–

dnestrispireTs gaaCnda uzarmazari

eleqtroenergias, dnestrispireTSi xalxi Zalian kargad cxovrobda. maT

privilegirebulad SeeZloT Sesvla ruseTisa da ukrainis bazrebze, radgan

xeli ar miuwvdebodaT evropul bazarze. amave dros ruseTma gaziT

momarageba Seuwyvita moldovas.

234. rac Seexeba dnestrispireTTan urTierTobas 1992 wlis Semdeg, anu mas

Semdeg, rac situacia Cawynarda, adgili aRar hqonia srolebs. Semdgom

etaps warmoadgenda konfliqtis mSvidobiani mogvareba. pirveli nayofieri

Sexvedra gaimarTa 1994 wlis 29 aprils tiraspolis maxloblad.

xelmowerili iqna ganzraxvis SeTanxmeba konfliqtis mSvidobiani gziT

gadaWrasTan

da

moldovis

SemadgenlobaSi

dnestrispireTisaTvis

specialuri statusis miniWebasTan dakavSirebiT. rodesac mowme prezidenti

iyo, Sedga Sexvedrebis ganrigi, romlis Tanaxmadac moldovelebi

Cadiodnen dnestrispireTSi da sapirispirod, sxvadasxva sakiTxebis

gansaxilvelad,

magaliTad,

sabaJo

kontrolis

ganxorcielebasTan

dakavSirebiT da a.S. ganzraxvas warmoadgenda ara mxolod komerciuli

kavSirebis, aramed aseve politikuri kavSirebis aRdgenac. dnestrispireTi

iyo regioni, romelSic sami oficialuri ena moqmedebda – rusuli,

ukrainuli da moldovuri. 1996 wlis Semdeg Sewyda Serigebisken mimarTuli

myari nabijebis gadadgma. SedarebiT gaumjobesda situacia b-ni voroninis

prezidentad mosvlis Semdgom.

mowmis

prezidentobis

ganmavlobaSi

adgili

hqonda

urTierTobis

damyarebas dnestrispireTTan, zogjer es urTierTobebi kargi, zogjer ki

cudi iyo. moldovis Sexeduleba iyo, rom molaparakebebi sjobda

konfliqts. xsenebuli urTierTobebis monawileebi iyvnen TviT mowme, b-ni

smirnovi, moldovis parlamentis Tavmjdomare, b-ni diacovi da b-ni

luCinski. dnestrispireTis mxridan monawileobdnen e.w. premier-ministri da

sxva ministrebi da departamentebis warmomadgenlebi, rodesac garkveuli

sakiTxebi ixileboda – magaliTad, fostasTan, sabaJoebTan da mediasTan

dakavSirebiT. moldovis mxarem mravalgzis daakmayofila maTi moTxovnebi,

gansakuTrebiT ekonomikur sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT, radgan sxvagvarad

Cveulebrivi komerciuli warmoeba, muSaxeli da glexebi dazaraldebodnen.

xsenebulSi monawileobas ar iRebdnen me-14 armiis warmomadgenlebi. yvela

Sexvedras eswrebodnen Suamavlebi - ruseTidan, ukrainidan da euTo-dan.

235. rac Seexeba ruseTis jarebis yofnas moldovaSi, mowmem ganacxada, rom

samxedro pirebis yofna ar warmoadgenda armiis efeqturobis erTaderT

saSualebas. dnestrispireTSi aseve ganTavsebuli iyo 200 000 tonaze meti

SeiaraReba da Wurvebi. ruseTis mxares rom Seesrulebina yvela SeTanxmeba,

romelsac man xeli moawera, moldova ar iqneboda dRevandel situaciaSi.

miuxedavad miRweuli SeTanxmebebisa, dnestrispireTidan ruseTis jarebis

gayvana imitom gaiwela, rom es iyo ruseTis federaciis survili. jarebis

gayvana xazgasmuli iqna mraval dokumentSi. ruseTis federaciis evropis

sabWoSi Sesvlisas xsenebuli warmoadgenda erT-erT pirobas. stambulis

samitze gadawyda, rom gayvana 2002 wlis bolosaTvis unda dasrulebuliyo.

axla es unda moxdes 2003 wlis dasasrulisaTvis. xsenebuli gaWianureba

iyo im politikosebis zegavlenis Sedegi, romlebic fexs iTrevdnen

jarebis

gayvanaze

dnestrispireTis

mxaris

moTxovniT

konfliqtis

saboloo gadawyvetamde.

236. garkveuli mcdelobebi ganxorcielda cecxlis Sewyvetis Semdeg, raTa

uzrunvelyofiliyo patimrebis gaTavisufleba. magaliTad, 1995 wlis

dadgenilebiT gamoica amnistia yvela im pirTan dakavSirebiT, romlebic

monawileobas

iRebdnen

konfliqtSi.

nebismiers,

vinc

patimrobaSi

imyofeboda moldovaSi, Seexo amnistia. dnestrispireTis mxarem ar

Seasrula garigebisas masze dakisrebuli valdebulebebi. ilaSkusa da misi

kolegebis gasamarTleba da maTTvis sasjelis Sefardeba farsi iyo,

uiRblo bedis Sedegi. mowmem 1993 wels dauyovnebliv gamosca brZaneba,

romliTac sasamarTlo procesi ukanonod iqna Sefasebuli. ilaSkus

sakiTxi dRis wesrigSi idga meore mxaresTan gamarTul yvela Sexvedraze.

isini mxolod dapirebebs iZleodnen: `Cven davubrundebiT am sakiTxs~ da

amgvar gancxadebebs akeTebdnen. mowme piradad Sexvda prezident elcins da

elaparaka am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT. moldovam xsenebuli sakiTxi wamoWra

dsT-s Sexvedrebzec. magram rusebma ar mousmines moldovelebs. moldovis

komunist prezidents rusebma Tanamdebobis dakavebidan ori dRis Semdeg

mousmines da Sedegad ilaSku gaTavisuflebuli iqna.

237. b-ni elcinis reaqcia yovelTvis iyo is, rom igi gagebiT xvdeboda

problemas da iZleoda dapirebebs, rom zegavlenas moaxdenda smirnovze.

magram xsenebuli ar ganxorcielda. prezident elcins arasodes uTqvams,

rom ar gaaCnda raime zegavlenis moxdenis SesaZlebloba. igi yovelTvis

dapirebebs iZleoda, rom imoqmedebda smirnovze, magram misi dapirebebi

dapirebebad rCeboda Semdgom Sexvedramde. ilaSkus gaTavisufleba ar iyo

Tavad smirnovis mier gadadgmuli nabiji. es ganxorcielebuli iqna

mxolod gare zewolis Sedegad.

238. prezident luCinskis mier 1997 wlis maisis memorandumze xelmowera

moskovSi Secdoma iyo. es warmoadgenda dnestrispireTis aRiarebas,

rogorc calke saxelmwifosi. amgvarad xelmowerili iqna dokumenti, sadac

dnestrispireTi

aRiarebul

iyo

calke

saxelmwifod.

xsenebuli

memorandumis erT-erT elements warmoadgenda me-14 armiis gayvanis

sinqronizeba konfliqtis sabolooo mogvarebasTan. es ganxorcielebuli

iyo dnestrispireTisa da ruseTis mxareebis iniciativiT.

239. Sereul sakontrolo komisiaSi, romelic integraciis saministros

egidiT moqmedebda, yovelTvis iyo problemebi, radgan xorcieldeboda

Careva dnestrispireTis mxaris mier, gansakuTrebiT benderTan, agreTve, maT

mcdelobasTan dakavSirebiT, iqidan gasuliyo moldovis policia.

mowmem xeli moawera dokumentebs, romlebic ufro did avtonomiurobas

aniWebda

dnestrispireTis

adgilobrivi

xelisuflebis

organoebs

moldovis teritoriis SigniT, magram xsenebuli ar gulisxmobda reJimis

aRiarebas. magaliTad, dokumentebi, romlebic exeboda sabaJo beWdebs, ar

yofila aRiarebuli oficialurad ukanono reJimis mier. gaTvaliswinebuli

iqna praqtikuli problemebis gadaWra, radganac moldovis xelisuflebas

ar

surda

Seeqmna

ekonomikuri

blokada.

moldova

aRiarebda

dnestrispireTs rogorc `areals~ da saWirod miiCnevda samsaxurebis

koordinacias.

mowmes

arasodes

Seqmnia

problemebi

dnestrispireTSi

CasvlasTan

dakavSirebiT, igi arasodes SeuCerebiaT an daumcirebiaT.

240. moldovis konstituciuri xelisufebis organoebi exmarebodnen

ilaSkus jgufis ojaxebs.

rac Seexeba ilaSkus, mowme Sexvda mas, rodesac politikur moRvaweobas

iwyebda. mas Semdeg, rac b-ni ilaSku gaaTavisufles, isini erTxel Sexvdnen

erTmaneTs kiSiniovSi. man erTxel dareka partiis StabbinaSi da datova

telefonis nomeri, magram amis Semdeg masTan kavSiri ar hqonia.

241. smirnovi gaTavisuflebuli iqna ramdenime mizezis gamo, kerZod, es iyo

kargi ganzraxvebi, romlebic nakarnaxevi iyo keTilsindisierebiT anu

surviliT, moldovis xelisuflebis organoebis sawadeli molaparakebebis

saSualebiT miRweuliyo.

20. aleqsandru moSanu

242. 1990 wlidan 1993 wlis Tebervlamde igi iyo moldovis parlamentis

Tavmjdomare da 1993 wlidan 2001 wlamde iyo parlamentis wevri.

243. parlaments hqonda mtkicebulebebi, rom dnestris marcxena sanapiroze

myofi separatistuli Zalebi maragdebodnen sxvadasxva tipis iaraRiT da

maT wvrTnidnen yofili me-14 armiis oficrebi. 1992 wlis 19 maiss

televiziam gadasca filmi me-14 armiis tankebze, romlebzec rusuli

droSebi frialebda da konfliqtSi Riad monawileobdnen. me-14 armiis mier

ganxorcielebuli am aSkara intervenciis Semdeg parlamentma miiRo

rezolucia, romelic xsenebul qmedebebs aZlevda ruseTis armiis mier

moldovis winaaRmdeg warmoebuli samxedro agresiis Sefasebas. xsenebuli

rezolucia mimarTuli iyo msoflios yvela parlamentisa da xalxisadmi.

rezolucia aRwerda yofil me-14 armias rogorc Tavisufal, suverenul

qveyanaSi myof saokupacio armias. rezoluciis miRebasTan dakavSirebuli

gadawyvetileba miRebuli iqna moldovis parlamentis mimdinare sesiaze.

genadi iakovlevi, separatistuli moZraobis ideologi, acxadebda sagazeTo

statiaSi 1992 wlis 18 ivniss, rom me-14 armia da dnestrispireli xalxi

gaerTianebulni iyvnen. `tiraspolskaia pravdis~ 1992 wlis 2 seqtembris

nomerSi smirnovi acxadebda, rom dnestrispireTis respublika arsebobda

mxolod ruseTisa da me-14 armiis mxardaWeriT.

244. ruseTis federaciis mxardaWeris gareSe dnestrispireTis reJimi ver

iarsebebda. mais-ivnisis periodSi moldovaSi Cavida SeerTebuli Statebis

senatori lari presleri. igi adgilze swavlobda problemas da

SeerTebuli Statebis kongresisadmi 1992 wlis 24 ivnisis moxsenebaSi

daaskvna, rom problemebi arsebobda konfliqtSi me-14 armiis Carevis gamo.

245. 1992 wlis ivnisis bolos generalma lebedma, rogorc me-14 armiis

sardalma, daureka mowmes telefonze, rodesac saxelmwifos prezidenti ar

imyofeboda qveyanaSi, da ubrZana, neba ar daerTo moldovis armiis

konkretuli samxedro formirebis erTi zonidan meoreSi gadayvanaze.

rodesac mowmem upasuxa, rom man ar icoda, Tu vin iyo b-ni lebedi, man

upasuxa, rom tankebiT Sevidoda kiSiniovSi.

246. daaxloebiT imave dros, 1992 wlis bolos, Sewyda kiSiniovisTvis

eleqtroenergiis miwodeba kuCiurganis eleqtrosadguridan, romelic

dnestrispireTSi imyofeboda. vinaidan moldovas ar gaaCnda energiis

miRebis alternatiuli wyaro, mowme wavida minskSi, raTa belorusiis

uzenaesi

sabWos

TavmjdomarisaTvis

miemarTa

daxmarebis

TxovniT.

belorusiis uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomarem b-nma SuSkeviCma mowmis

TandaswrebiT daureka prezident elcins da sTxova, Careuliyo. im

droisaTvis, rodesac mowme qveyanaSi dabrunda, eleqtroenergiis mowodeba

aRdgenili iyo.

247. 1992 wels mowmem araferi icoda ilaSkus jgufis Sesaxeb; xsenebulis

Taobaze man mogvianebiT Seityo. im droisaTvis bevri adamiani iyo

mokluli, dakavebuli da damarxuli. b-ni ilaSku im droisaTvis ar iyo

parlamentis wevri. igi pirvelad arCeuli iqna 1994 wels saxalxo frontis

siiT da xelaxla iqna arCeuli 1998 wels.

248. moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi uzrunvelyofdnen transportiT q-n

ilaSkus, raTa igi gamgzavrebuliyo tiraspolSi. q-n ilaSkus aseve

SesaZlebloba hqonda, mieRo b-ni ilaSkus, rogorc parlamentis wevris,

xelfasi.

mowmem b-ni ilaSkus Sesaxeb gaigo 1993 wlis 5 maiss, rodesac e.w.

sasamarTlo procesi daiwyo tiraspolSi. mowmem moawyo mxardamWri jgufis

Sexvedra 6 maiss kiSiniovSi. man icoda gazeTebidan tiraspolSi b-ni

ilaSkus moRvaweobis Sesaxeb, magram arasodes ganuxilavs masTan brZaneba

#6 an tiraspolSi mis mier ganxorcielebuli qmedebebi.

249. parlamentSi Seiqmna komiteti, romelic imuSavebda ilaSkus jgufis

problemebze.

xorcieldeboda

kavSiri

tiraspolis

xelisuflebis

organoebTan da moldovelebs ucxadebdnen, rom arafris gakeTeba ar

SeiZleboda. realurad ufro efeqtiani RonisZiebebi parlamentis gareT

xorcieldeboda. moldovis parlamentma wamoWra xsenebuli sakiTxi euTo-s

Sexvedrebze da ucxo saxelmwifoebTan gamarTul Sexvedrebze, magaliTad,

amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis delegaciasTan gamarTul Sexvedraze. b-nma

snegurma aseve wamoWra xsenebuli sakiTxi 1999 wels berlinSi gamarTul

Sexvedraze, sadac imarTeboda parlamentTaSorisi kavSiris Sexvedra da

sadac xsenebulis Sedegad miRebuli iqna rezolucia b-n ilaSkusTan

dakavSirebiT.

250. ruseTis xelisuflebis organoebis mxridan araviTari reqcia ar

mohyolia kazakebis gayvanis moTxovnas. mowme telefoniT daukavSirda

xazbulatovs, ruseTis parlamentis spikers, magram am ukanasknelma ar

gamoiCina aranairi interesi. moldovis parlamentma aseve gaagzavna

warmomadgenlebi ruseTisa da ukrainis parlamentebSi, raTa maT aexsnaT

TavianTi pozicia. ar mosula aranairi oficialuri pasuxi moldovis

moTxovnebze.

1994 wlis oqtomberSi moldovam xeli moawera SeTanxmebas ruseTis

federaciasTan moldovis teritoriidan samxedro SenaerTebis gayvanasTan

dakavSirebiT. moldovis parlamentma moaxdina SeTanxmebis retificireba.

ruseTis

parlaments

arasodes

mouxdenia

xsenebuli

SeTanxmebis

ratificireba; ufro metic, xsenebuli SeTanxmebis ratificireba amoRebuli

iqna ruseTis parlamentis dRis wesrigidan.

moldovis parlamenti mxars uWerda elcins moskovSi mimdinare buntis

dros. 1991 wlis seqtemberSi elcinma miavlina b-ni nikolai medvedevi,

kolegebis jgufTan erTad, raTa emoqmedaT Suamavlebad. moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebma uaryves xsenebuli iniciativa, radgan Tvlidnen,

rom es iyo saSinao problema da ruseTi ar unda Careuliyo xsenebuli

sakiTxis ganxilva-gadaWraSi. magram b-ni medvedevi mainc Sexvda mowmes da

ganucxada, rom xelSekruleba moldovasa da ruseTs Soris ar iqneboda

ratificirebuli, sanam moldovis saxelmwifo ar Seasrulebda `mdr~-s

moTxovnebs.

251. 1992 wlis 21 ivlisis cecxlis Sewyvetis mizezs warmoadgenda is faqti,

rom Tu moldova xels ar moawerda damamcirebel SeTanxmebas, me-14 armiis

tankebi Sevidodnen kiSiniovSi. moldovas mxolod moxaliseTa armia hyavda,

anu susti armia da ara gawvrTnili jari. xsenebuli Setakebebisas bevri

adamiani iqna mokluli. moldovas sxva Sansi ar gaaCnda, mas xeli unda

moewera SeTanxmebisTvis.

252. moldova ver axorcielebda raime kontrols qveynis aRmosavleT

nawilze. yvela politikuri monawile akeTebda maqsimums, raTa problema

mogvarebuliyo ilaSkus jgufis sasargeblod. magram ruseTis federaciis

gare zewola – politikuri da ekonomikuri – Zalian Zlieri iyo. im dros

moldovis xelisuflebis organoebis midgoma sakiTxisadmi iyo, rom Tu

moldova ar gascemda pasportebs an sabaJo beWdebs dnestrispirelebisTvis,

mas ar ecodineboda, rogor moiqceodnen dnestrispirelebi. axla, rodesac

tiraspolis xelisuflebis organoTa warmomadgenlebs CamoerTvaT ufleba,

gaemgzavron

dasavleTSi,

maTi

midgoma

Seicvala.

moldovis

xelmZRvanelobas unda mieRo 1992 wels SeerTebuli Statebis winadadeba,

monawileoba mieRo samSvidobo komisiaSi.

mowme Y

253. Cvenebis micemis droisaTvis mowme iyo moldovis liberaluri partiis

maRali Tanamdebobis piri. igi iyo moldovis parlamentis yofili wevri da

yofili diplomati.

254. dnestris problema daiwyo 1992 wels. saparlamento komitets im

droisaTvis ar hyavda Tavmjdomare da amitomac ar iyo CarTuli mdinare

dnestris movlenebTan dakavSirebul debatebSi. benderis movlenebisas

mowme ar imyofeboda qveyanaSi. komitetis Tavmjdomared gaxdomis Semdeg

man moiTxova, rom sam Sesabamis saministros warmoedgina parlamentisaTvis

informacia benderSi ganviTarebuli movlenebis mizezebTan da moldovis

mTavrobis qmedebebTan dakavSirebiT. Sesabamisi dokumentebi gadaeca

parlaments. dokumentebSi arsebuli informaciis Tanaxmad, ikveTeboda

eWvis safuZveli, rom me-14 armia mxarSi edga separatistebs xsenebuli

movlenebisas. 20-21 ivniss, rodesac moldovis armiis pirveli nawilebi

Sevidnen benderSi, im jariskacTa jgufze, romlebic gadayavda avtobuss

da romlebsac ecvaT formebi da msubuqad iyvnen SeiaraRebulni, moxda

Tavdasxma, avtobussa da jgufze avtomaturi cecxli gaxsnes orive

mxridan. cecxli modioda im adgilidan, romelic ekuTvnoda me-14 armias.

mokluli iqna 20 moldoveli jariskaci.

rodesac prezidenti sneguri da premier-ministri andrei sangheli iyvnen

moskovSi, maT mravaljer wamoWres ilaSkus jgufis sakiTxi. Sedga piradi

(pirispir) Sexvedrebi elcinsa da snegurs Soris, romelTa drosac b-nma

snegurma wamoWra sakiTxi. mowme pasuxismgebeli iyo SexvedrebTan

dakavSirebuli presrelizebis momzadebaze. magaliTad, ilaSkus jgufis

sakiTxi wamoWrili iqna 1993 wlis 15 maiss; naTqvami iyo, rom orive mxare

ganaxorcielebda

qmedebebs

jgufis

maqsimalurad

swrafad

gaTavisuflebasTan dakavSirebiT.

Tumca moldovasa da ruseTis federacias Soris ganxorcielebuli

molaparakebebi moldovidan ruseTis jarebis gayvanasTan dakavSirebiT ar

moicavda

ilaSkus

jgufis

sakiTxs.

ruseTis

armiis

gayvanasTan

dakavSirebul molaparakebebSi moldovis mxarisaTvis mTavar problemas

warmoadgenda is, rom ruseTis mxare moiTxovda ruseTis armiis gayvanis

sinqronizebas

dnestrispireTis

problemis

saboloo

mogvarebasTan.

moldovisaTvis es iyo ori gansxvavebuli procesi, romelTa Sorisac

araviTari kavSiri ar arsebobda. moldovis mTavrobam icoda, rom

Teoriulad aseTi kavSiric rom yofiliyo, arsebobda safrTxe, rom

dnestrispireTis konfliqti ver gadawydeboda: nebismieri mxare, romlis

interesebSi Sedioda rusuli samxedro Zalebis moldovaSi darCena,

momavalSi imuSavebda imaze, rom uzrunveleyo, rom dnestrispireTis

problema arasodes mogvarebuliyo. xsenebuli mosazreba molaparakebisas

waredgina

ruseTis

mxares.

magram

rusebi

daJinebiT

moiTxovdnen

sinqronizebis formulas da, samwuxarod, swored es versia gavida

saboloo dokumentSi.

problemis gadauWrelobam safuZveli misca rusebs, TavianTi armia

hyolodaT xsenebul teritoriaze. da swored isini axorcielebdnen

konfliqtis mogvarebis SesaZleblobis kontrols.

sinqronizebis formula SemoTavazebuli iqna ruseTis sagareo saqmeTa

saministros mier. xsenebuli presrelizSi aSkarad maTi moTxovniT iqna

Setanili. rodesac moldovam wamoayena winadadeba, rom presrelizSi

naxsenebi yofiliyo ilaSkus jgufis gaTavisuflebaSi orive mxaris

daintereseba, rusebi daTanxmdnen im pirobiT, rom naxsenebi iqneboda

sinqronizebis formulac. Sedegad moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma

gaaanalizes, rom maT dauSves didi Secdoma sinqronizebis formulis

miRebasTan dakavSirebiT.

255. mowmem ar icoda raime SemTxveva, rom samSvidobo Zalebs daerRviaT

mandati. igi muSaobda `ruseTis saorganizacio dajgufebis~ sakiTxebze,

samSvidobo Zalebi ar Sedioda mis kompetenciaSi. mowmem mogvianebiT

Seityo, rom samSvidobo Zalebi ramdenimejer iqna gamoyenebuli kiSiniovis

Tanxmobis gareSe.

256. ilaSkus sakiTxi mravaljer iqna wamoWrili moldovis xelisuflebis

organoebis

mier.

1992

wlis

dekemberSi

daiwyo

molaparakebebi

dnestrispireTis mxaresTan, tiraspolis gareT mdebare olqSi da

moldovis mxarem wamoayena ilaSkus sakiTxi. 1993 wlis martamde gaimarTa

molaparakebebis oTxi raundi. moldovas arasodes miuRia separatistuli

xelisuflebis organoebis nebarTva, Sexvedroda ilaSkus jgufis wevrebs.

wamoWrili iqna samedicino daxmarebis sakiTxi, ganxiluli iqna eqimebis

sakiTxi, romlebic tiraspolSi unda Casuliyvnen kiSiniovidan da

aRmoeCinaT samedicino daxmareba jgufisaTvis. sakiTxi gansaxilvelad iqna

gatanili saparlamento komitetze. mowmem prezident snegurisagan miiRo

miTiTeba, wamoeWra sakiTxi rus oficialur pirebTan Sexvedrebisas. 1993

wlis seqtemberSi mowmem wamoayena sakiTxi ruseTis federaciis uzenaesi

sabWos Tavmjdomaris (ruseTis parlamentis spikeris), b-ni xazbulatovis

winaSe, romelmac aRuTqva, rom ruseTis parlamentis wevrebi, romlebic

tiraspolSi miemgzavrebodnen, Seecdebodnen, moepovebinaT informacia

ilaSkus jgufis Sesaxeb.

257.

arsebobda

miniSnebebi

dnestrispireTSi

ruseTis

politikis

gatarebasTan dakavSirebiT, rasac iuwyebodnen ruseTSi arsebuli kvleviTi

institutebis vebgverdebi. konstantin zatulini iyo erT-erTi aseTi

institutis

ufrosi,

saxeldobr,

samarTlis

akademiis

direqtori.

institutis vebgverdze ganTavsebuli iyo moxseneba, romelic asaxavda

sxvadasxva scenars, Tu rogor unda yofiliyo sakiTxebi organizebuli

dnestrispireTSi. iyo sxva magaliTebic, rogoric aris mecnierebaTa

akademiis iuridiuli departamentis vebgverdi, romelzec ganTavsebuli iyo

dnestrispireTis saxelmwifod Camoyalibebis Teoriuli modeli. mowmes ar

SeeZlo imis Tqma, xsenebuli modeli mecnierebaTa akademiis nebarTviT iqna

Camoyalibebuli Tu ara.

258. mowme ixsenebs ruseTis federaciis ultimatums 1994 wels gaero-s

generalur asambleaze, rodesac moldovis warmomadgenelma aseT doneze

pirvelad

gaaJRera

ruseTis

mxaris

monawileoba

dnestrispireTis

konfliqtSi. ruseTis federaciis sagareo saqmeTa ministris moadgiles

hqonda Sexvedra mowmesTan da ministris moadgilem ganucxada mas, rom

ruseTis mxares ar moewona kiSiniovis mier gaero-Si gamoCenili iniciativa.

misi TqmiT, ruseTi gamonaxavs `adekvatur SesaZleblobas,~ uaryos

xsenebuli iniciativa.

259.

1990

wels

Seqmnili

xelSekruleba

gacilebiT

ukeTesi

iyo

moldovisaTvis, vidre xelSekruleba, romelic xelmowerili iqna ruseTis

federaciasTan 2001 wels. 1990 wels es iyo xelSekrulebis sakiTxi or

sabWoTa

xelSekrulebaSi

respublikas

Soris,

iyo

romlebic

moldovis

iyvnen

ssrk-s

wevrebi.

asaxuli

survili,

moepovebina

damoukidebloba. mogvianebiT gaformebuli xelSekruleba daido or

damoukidebel saxelmwifos Soris da Seicavda garkveul debulebebs,

romlebic miuRebeli iyo moldovis mxarisaTvis.

260. 1997 wlidan 1998 wlamde mowme iyo mrCeveli dnestrispireTis

sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT, maT Soris ilaSkus jgufis gaTavisuflebasTan

dakavSirebiTac. xsenebuli problema mravaljer iqna wamoWrili. mowmis

azriT, gacilebiT metis gakeTeba SeiZleboda da ufro efeqtianad, vidre

es realurad ganxorcielda. mowmis gegma dnestrispireTis problemis

mogvarebasTan

dakavSirebiT

uaryofili

iqna

moldovis

maSindeli

xelisuflebis mier da igi gaaTavisufles dnestrispireTis sakiTxebze

mTavari mrCevlis Tanamdebobidan mis mier warmodgenili gegmis gamo.

261. samwuxarod, ruseTis xelisuflebis organoebi mxars uWerdnen

dnestrispireTis

ukanono

reJims

tiraspolSi.

xsenebuli

moicavda

ekonomikur mxardaWeras. ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi dnestrispireTs

moldovis sxva nawilebTan SedarebiT naxevar fasSi miewodeboda bunebrivi

gazi. 2003 wlis 1 Tebervlidan dnestrispireTisaTvis fasi gaormagda.

xsenebul dromde bevri adamiani dnestrispireTSi ambobda, rom maT ar

surdaT moldovis respublikasTan gaerTianeba, radgan Tuki isini amas

gaakeTebdnen,

gazSi

ufro

Zviri

safasuris

gadaxda

mouwevdaT.

dnestrispireTs 750 milioni dolaris vali aqvs ruseTis mimarT bunebrivi

airis gamo. xsenebuli vali Camoiwereba, Tuki ruseTi miiRebs wilebs

dnestrispireTis erovnul sawarmoebSi. Sesabamisad, moldovis mosaxleobis

nawils gaaCnia ruseTis vali.

262. 1992 wlis 1 aprils prezidentma elcinma gamosca dadgenileba,

romliTac brZanebda me-14 armiis ruseTis iurisdiqciaSi gadayvanas.

xsenebuliT man daarRvia moldovis erovnuli iurisdiqcia da moldovis

suvereniteti. es imitom moxda, rom adre, ianvarSi, prezidentma snegurma

gamosca

dadgenileba,

romlis

Tanaxmadac

moldovis

teritoriaze

ganTavsebuli me-14 armiis yvela SenaerTi unda gadasuliyo moldovis

iurisdiqciaSi. xsenebuli warmoadgenda problemas, romelic moiTxovda

gadaWras.

263. me-14 armiis 200 000 tona samxedro aRWurviloba, romelic

dnestrispireTSi rCeboda, prezident sneguris dadgenilebis safuZvelze

unda mikuTvneboda moldovas an unda gankarguliyo euTo-s mier. problema

ar wamoiWreboda, xsenebuli samxedro aRWurviloba saerTaSoriso

kontrols rom daqvemdebareboda. problemas warmoadgenda is faqti, rom

kontrols erTpirovnulad axorcielebda ruseTi.

smirnovi

iyo

ruseTis

federaciis

moqalaqe.

amitomac

xsenebuli

warmoadgenda ruseTis problemas, radgan smirnovi misi moqalaqe iyo.

prezidentma voroninma ganucxada rusebs, rom, rogorc moldovis

prezidenti, bednieri iqneboda, Tuki ruseTi waiyvanda smirnovs da

daasaxlebda moskovis gareubanSi.

22. andrei sangheli

265. mowme premier-ministri gaxda 1992 wels. SeiaraRebuli konfliqti

manamde daiwyo. Cvenebis micemis droisaTvis mowme muSaobda franguli

firmis generalur direqtorad. mas ar hqonia dakavebuli aranairi

politikuri Tanamdeboba 1997 wlis Semdeg.

266. marTalia, ar arsebobda mtkicebulebebi, rom me-14 armia monawileobda

1992 wlis konfliqtSi, magram me-14 armiis iaraRi, aRWurviloba da

saWurveli gamoyenebuli iqna speratistebis Zalebis mier. saWurveli da

javSanmanqanebi,

romlebsac

iyenebdnen

tiraspoleli

ajanyebulebi

moldovis konstituciur ZalebTan gamarTuli brZolebisas, modioda me-14

armiis maragebidan.

267. ilaSkus jgufis problema dRis wesrigSi idga yovel Sexvedraze,

romelsac moldova marTavda dnestrispireTis mxaresTan. moldova

cdilobda, gaekeTebina yvelaferi, rac SeeZlo, rogorc moralurad, aseve

materialurad. amJamindeli mTavrobis warmateba adre ganxorcielebuli

qmedebebis Sedegi iyo. magram garemoebebi xsenebuli droisaTvis niSnavda

imas, rom moldovas ar gaaCnda aranairi sxva saSualeba molaparakebis

garda. 1992 wlis konfliqti qveynis tragedia iyo.

ilaSkus

jgufis

gaTavisufleba

iyo

politikuri

problema.

dnestrispireTis reJimi danarCen ganmcxadeblebs itovebda Semdgomi

vaWrobisaTvis. maT surdaT, sargebeli enaxaT patimrebis gaTavisuflebis

nebismieri gadawyvetilebidan. moldovam gaakeTa yvelaferi, risi gakeTebac

SesaZlebeli iyo. moldovis konstituciuri xelisuflebis organoebi ar

iyvnen

ganmcxadebelTa

organoebs da

pasuxismgebelni

imaze,

mudmivad

moldovis

rac

daemarTa

ukavSirdebodnen

xelisuflebisagan

ilaSkus

jgufs.

xelisuflebis

politikur,

ojaxebi

iRebdnen

samedicino da sxva saxis daxmarebas.

268. tiraspolisaTvis ruseTis mier savaraudod aRmoCenil finansur

mxardaWerasTan dakavSirebiT ar arsebobda aranairi oficialuri

dokumentacia, magram arsebobda informacia, romlis miRebac SeiZleboda im

gancxadebebidan, romlebsac ruseTis warmomadgenlebi akeTebdnen

tiraspolSi vizitisas. mniSvnelovani iyo energetikis sferoSi valebis

sakiTxic. ruseTi dnestrispirelebs gazs ufasod awvdida. es SesaZloa

CaiTvalos ekonomikur daxmarebad. ruseTTan molaparakebisas 1992 wels

mowme

monawileobas

iRebda

ekonomikuri

sakiTxebis

ganxilvaSi.

molaparakebis mTavari Tema iyo energiis mowodeba da ruseTis bazrebi

moldovis produqciisaTvis, rogoric aris xemasala da naxSiri, iseve,

rogorc sakredito saSualebebi. dnestrispireTs gazi miewodeboda ufro

dabali tarifiT, vidre moldovas. rodesac mowme iyo premier-ministri,

gazis momwodebeli kompania saxelmwifo gaerTianeba iyo. mas Semdeg, rac

ganxorcielda kompaniis privatizeba, situacia moldoveli xalxisaTvis

gauaresda. dReisaTvis es aris saaqcio sazogadoeba, magram saxelmwifo

umsxvilesi mewilea. arc moldovis da arc dnestrispireTis ekonomikas ar

SeeZloT funqcionireba rusuli gazis gareSe.

269. 1993 wels mowmem ganixila valis sakiTxi ruseTis mTavrobasTan da

dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebTan. isini daTanxmdnen, rom vali

orad gayofiliyo. mowmem ar icoda, gadaixades Tu ara dnestrispirelebma

sakuTari davalianeba, magram fiqrobs, rom maT is ar gadauxdiaT.

23. mowme Z

270. mowme moldovis yofili ministria.

271. mowme monawileobas iRebda Sesabamis molaparakebebSi, amitom mas

gaaCnia informacia me-14 armiisa da rod-is mier samxedro aRWurvilobis

separatistebisaTvis gadacemasTan dakavSirebiT. xsenebuli daiwyo uzenaesi

sabWos gadawyvetilebiT, Seqmniliyo SeiaraRebuli Zalebi marTlwesrigis

dasacavad.

sabWoTa kavSirSi gaerTianebasTan dakavSirebuli, 1991 wels gamarTuli

referendumis droisaTvis da 1992 wlis martamde generalma iakovlevma, me-

14 armiis yofilma sardalma, daiwyo iaraRisa da saWurvlis gadacema da es

daemTxva kazakebis Camosvlas. saWurvlis es gadacema xdeboda, kerZod,

dnestrispireTis

gvardiisaTvis,

romelic

SemdgomSi

gaxda

dnestrispireTis Tavdacvis saministro. yvela SenaerTi, maT Soris

kazakebi, aRWurvilni iyvnen avtomaturi iaraRiT, tyviamfrqvevebiT,

javSanmanqanebiT da a.S. parkanis inJinerTa batalioni Riad SeuerTda

dnestrispirelTa mxares. dnestrispirelebs saCuqris saxiT gadaeca t-74

tipis 18 tanki.

mowme acxadebda, rom mas gaaCnda bevri informacia gadacemuli iaraRis

raodenobasTan dakavSirebiT. omis Semdeg procesi grZeldeboda. xsenebuli

xorcieldeboda ruseTisa d dnestrispireTis mTavrobebis mier. ruseTis

generalurma prokurorma Seamowma rusuli armia.

mowmem aRniSna, rom arsebobda aseve saarqivo mtkicebulebebi satelevizio

filmis saxiT, romelic naTlad adasturebda, rom TavdasxmaSi monawile

tankebis umetesobaze ruseTis droSa frialebda. zogierT aseT tankze

frialebda ori droSa _ dnestrispireTis da ruseTisa.

272. SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis Semdeg adgili hqonda patimrebis gacvlas.

dubasaris mZevlebi, e.i. 30 policieli, romlebic datyvevebulni iqnen

dnestrispireTis Zalebis mier, tyveobaSi imyofebodnen daaxloebiT erTi

Tvis ganmavlobaSi. moldovam isini gacvala general iakovlevSi. aseTi

gacvlebi mudmivad xdeboda. moldova cvlida im pirebs, romlebic kanons

arRvevdnen, xolo dnestrispirelebi cvlidnen maT, vinc patimrobaSi

hyavdaT. mowme cdilobda, ganxiluliyo ilaSkus jgufis gacvlis sakiTxi.

dnestrispirelebi pasuxobdnen, rom ilaSkus jgufis wevrebi ar iyvnen

marto konfliqtis monawileni, aramed isini teroristebi iyvnen da rom

amitom SeuZlebeli iyo maTi gacvla. moldovas ar hyavda tyveobaSi

Sesabamisi piri, raTa gaecvala. ilaSku iyo separatizmis winaaRmdeg

mebrZoli. dnestrispireTs esaWiroeboda misi arsebobis gamarTleba.

swored xsenebuli iyo imis mizezi, Tu ratom ar surda dnestrispireTis

mxares ganmcxadebelTa gacvla.

arasodes ganxilula iakovlevisa da 30 policielis gacvlis operaciaSi

ilaSkus jgufis CarTvis sakiTxi, radgan iakovlevis gaTavisufleba b-ni

ilaSkus dakavebamde moxda.

moldovis xelisuflebam mainc wamoWra am jgufis sakiTxi patimrebis

gacvlis konteqstSi. SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis periodSi moldovam aiyvana

patimarTa garkveuli raodenoba. magram moldovis winadadeba gacvlasTan

dakavSirebiT kategoriulad iqna uaryofili, rodesac wamoWrili iqna

sakiTxi ilakus jgufis Taobaze. analogiuri ram xdeboda yvela doneze.

moldovas ar SeeZlo uzrunveleyo ganmcxadebelTa gaTavisufleba,

miuxedavad

yvela

mcdelobisa.

separatistul

reJims

esaWiroeboda

gamarTleba im braldebisaTvis, rom moldova Careuli iyo teroristul

aqtebSi da ilaSkus gasamarTleba uzrunvelyofda misTvis fardas, romlis

ukanac damalavda mis mierve daqiravebuli pirebis Cadenil teroristul

aqtebs.

273.

warmoadgenda parlamentisa da mTavrobis mier konfliqtis gadaWrasTan

dakavSirebiT miRebuli sxvadasxva gadawyvetilebis ganxorcieleba.

b-n

smirnovTan

gamarTuli

pirdapiri

molaparakebebis

mizans

xsenebuli molaparakebebi xorcieldeboda general kreangasTan da

exeboda, magaliTad, SeiaraRebuli formirebebis gayvanas. es xdeboda 1992

wlis martSi. SemdgomSi, 1992 wlis 21 ivliss, gaformda moldova/ruseTis

SeTanxmeba dnestrispireTis konfliqtis gadaWrasTan dakavSirebiT. mowme

CarTuli iyo molaparakebebSi, romelTa mizans warmoadgenda konfliqtis

adgilobriv doneze gadaWra.

274. urTierTobebi moldovasa da dnestrispireTs Soris imarTeboda

moldova-ruseTis 1992 wlis 21 ivlisis SeTanxmebiT.

sakontrolo

komisia

Tavdapirvelad

Seiqmna

ruseTis

delegaciis,

moldovis delegaciisa da dnestrispireTis delegaciisagan. mogvianebiT

maT SeuerTdnen euTo-sa da ukrainis delegaciebi. sakontrolo komisias

unda ganexila yvela is problema, romlebic warmoiSoboda konfliqtis

Sedegad – magaliTad, kompensacia zianisaTvis, jarebis gayvana da a.S.

garkveuli problemebi gadaiWra. ruseTis inertulobisa da gansxvavebuli

strategiis gamo ruseTis jarebi isev rCebodnen regionSi. iq, sadac idgnen

ruseTis samSvidobo Zalebi, axla ganTavsebulni arian ruseTis Zalebi. da

rogorc amas euTo adasturebs, dnestrispirelebi axla awarmoeben

Wurvebsa da sabrZolo aRWurvilobas.

275. separatistuli reJimi ver iarsebebda ruseTis mxardaWeris gareSe. arc

eTnikuri, arc religiuri da arc TviT Sida politikuri mizezebi ar

gamxdara konfliqtis dawyebis sababi. konfliqti gare Zalebis mier iyo

inspirirebuli. konfliqtis mizans warmoadgenda moldovis gayofa, radgan

moldovas ar surda, xeli moewera sabWoTa kavSiris SeerTebis

xelSekrulebaze.

ramdenime

Tvis

ganmavlobaSi

dnestrispirelebma

gaanadgures konstituciuri sagamoZiebo da samarTaldamcavi organoebi –

prokuratura, policia da sxv. maT ar SeeZloT amis gakeTeba me-14 armiis

mxardaWeris gareSe. uwin dnestris marcxena da marjvena napirebi

mSvidobian Tanacxovrebas eweodnen. xsenebuli konfliqtisa da marjvena da

marcxena napirebis daSoriSorebis provocireba ruseTis mier sakuTari

politikuri miznebisaTvis ganxorcielda.

276. es ar yofila eTnikuri konfliqti. gusliakovi iyo generali, romelic

meTaurobda

benderis

policias.

igi

uzrunvelyofda

kanonisa

da

marTlwesrigis dacvas moldovis konstituciuri wyobis saxeliT. igi

rusulad laparakobda. generali gusliakovi yvelanairad cdilobda,

maqsimalurad

SeenarCunebina

marTlwesrigi.

mogvianebiT

igi

gaxda

moldovis ministris moadgile.

277. moldova Seacdines, rodesac man xeli moawera dokumentebs

dnestrispireTis mxaresTan erTad. moldova ar iyo mzad omisaTvis,

romelic daiwyo 19 ivniss, rodesac benderis policias alya Semoartyes.

kostenkom ieriSi miitana dubasarize 16 ivniss. moldovam miiRo

gadawyvetileba,

dasaxmareblad. mas Semdeg, rac benderi gaTavisuflebuli iqna kostenkos

bandisagan, moldovis jariskacebi, romlebmac ar icodnen, sad

gaegzavna

specdaniSnulebis

Zalebi

policiis

ganTavsebuliyvnen, mividnen citadelSi, sadac tyved Cavardnen, xolo

ramdenime maTgani daxvrites. amaSi monawileobda ruseTis armia, romelsac

ekava citadeli da akontrolebda teritorias. rodesac maT gaaTavisufles

xidi, moldovelebs ar gauxsniaT cecxli ruseTis ZalebisaTvis, magram

tankebma, romlebzec ruseTis droSa frialebda, gauxsnes maT cecxli.

278. iakovlevi dakavebuli iqna moldovis uSiSroebis samsaxurebis mier.

arsebobda

sakmarisi

mtkicebulebebi

imisa,

rom

igi

exmareboda

separatistebs. ar aris marTali, TiTqos igi gaaTavisufles mis winaaRmdeg

sakmarisi mtkicebulebebis uqonlobis gamo.

279. generali lebedi, rod-is sardali, arCeuli iqna dnestrispireTis

parlamentSi

1993

wels.

moldova

aRSfoTebuli

iyo

mis

mier

separatistebisaTvis aRmoCenili daxmarebiT. magram ruseTis dumam aSkarad

daafiqsira Tavisi pozicia xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT. mxolod gvian mixvda

generali lebedi, Tu ra saxis reJims uWerda mxars. man ganacxada, rom es

iyo kriminaluri reJimi.

280. dnestrispireTis Zalebi monawileobas iRebdnen afxazeTis omSi.

dnestrispirelTa kuTvnili dolfinis Zalebi aqtiurad monawileobdnen

afxazeTis operaciaSi. xsenebuli daadastura antiufeevis `omonelma~

kolegam, gonCarenko-matveevma, tiraspolis reJimis uSiSroebis ministris

moadgilem. gonCarenko iyo ruseTis specdaniSnulebis Zalebis erT-erTi

xelmZRvaneli,

romelic

moqmedebda

baltiispireTis

qveynebSi.

man

monawileoba miiRo rigaSi ganxorcielebul operaciaSi. Semdeg igi

Camovida dnestrispireTSi Sevcov/antiufeevTan erTad da pasuxismgebeli

iyo dnestrispireTis Zalebis Seqmnaze.

gonCarenko moiTxovda, rom pirebi, romlebic ibrZodnen saqarTvelos

kanonieri konstituciuri Zalebis winaaRmdeg, dajildoebuliyvnen. es iyo

analogiuri konfliqti, romelic moicavda separatistebs, rusulenovan

ajanyebulebs, romlebsac zurgs umagrebdnen sabWoTa, mogvianebiT ki

ruseTis jarebi. ruseTi rekorduli maCveneblebiT iyo pasuxismgebeli

xsenebuli ukanono ZalebisaTvis samxedro daxmarebis aRmoCenaze.

281. moldovas ar gaaCnda regularuli armia konfliqtis droisaTvis.

policiis Zalebma moxaliseebTan erTad TavianT Tavze miiRes dartyma.

Zalebi konfliqtSi araTanabari iyo. erT mxares iyo kargad SeiaraRebuli

armia, xolo meore mxares _ policia da SeiaraRebuli moqalaqeebi.

moldova ver gadarCeboda.

ruseTi uzrunvelyofda samSvidobo Zalebs, magram garkveuli pirobebiT.

ruseT/moldovas SeTanxmeba Sedga moskovSi da moldovas ar SeeZlo am

SeTanxmebaSi raime mniSvnelovanis Cadeba, rogorc es mas surda,

magaliTad, saxelmwifo damoukideblobis cnebasTan, suverenitetTan

dakavSirebiT da a.S. xsenebuli SeTanxmeba iyo mxolod samxedro iaraRi

garkveuli xnis ganmavlobaSi, magram sami Tvis Semdeg, 1992 wlis

seqtemberSi, moldovam ganacxada, rom SeTanxmeba ganxorcielda da saWiro

iyo Semdgomi molaparakebebis warmoeba im xelSekrulebaTa dadebasTan

dakavSirebiT, romlebic mSvidobas uzrunvelyofdnen.

24. anatoli plugaru

282. mowme iyo uSiSroebis ministri 1991 wlis agvistosa da 1992 ivliss

Soris periodSi. xsenebul periodamde igi iyo polkovniki da daniSnuli

iyo moldovis suk-is xelmZRvanelad im dros, rodesac 1991 wlis

agvistoSi iSleboda sabWoTa kavSiri. manamde igi iyo parlamentari,

uzenaesi sabWos wevri. 1992 wlis ivlisidan 1993 wlis seqtembramde igi

msaxurobda sagareo saqmeTa ministris moadgiled. SemdgomSi mas

mTavrobaSi aRar umuSavia. Cvenebis micemis droisaTvis igi iyo Tavisufali

samarTlebrivi eqsperti da Jurnalisti.

283. mowme icnobda b-n ilaSkus Tavisi samsaxuridan gamomdinare. igi

daukavSirda b-n ilaSkus, rodesac moldova iZulebuli gaxda, moexdina

moqalaqeTa mobilizeba dnestrispireTSi ukanono reJimis warmoSobasTan

dakavSirebiT. aTiaTasobiT moqalaqe iTxovda iaraRs imisaTvis, rom daecva

sakuTari samSoblo. moldovas ar hyavda aranairi armia. Tavdacvis, Sinagan

saqmeTa da uSiSroebis saministroebs ebrZanaT, moexdinaT im xalxis

mobilizeba, romlebmac miiRes garkveuli samxedro momzadeba. b-ni ilaSku

am kategoriaSi moxvda.

284. mowmem ar icoda, monawileobda Tu ara ilaSkus dakiTxvaSi ruseTis

specdaniSnulebis Zalebi - jgufi `alfa~.

285. mowmes miaCnda, rom b-ni ilaSku iyo omis tyve, romelic xvdeboda

Jenevis 1949 wlis konvenciisa da damatebiTi oqmebis regulirebis sferoSi.

ganxorcielda garkveuli mcdelobebi, raTa b-ni ilaSku da misi kolegebi

gacvliliyvnen, magram moldovas ar hyavda patimrebi, romlebsac

sanacvlod SesTavazebda dnestrispireTis mxares.

286. garda amisa, moldovam icoda, Tu vin idga yovelive amis ukan. me-14

armias surda mdinaris gadmolaxva. `kazaki buqarestSic ki kazakia,~ -

gaigonebdiT zogjer. moldovas ar SeeZlo Zalis gamoyeneba, miuxedavad

imisa, rom man ganaxorciela garkveuli operaciebi, magaliTad, iakovlevTan

dakavSirebiT. generali iakovlevi dakavebuli iqna moldovis saidumlo

samsaxurebis mier. b-ni ilaSku ar monawileobda xsenebul operaciaSi.

iakovlevi imitom daapatimres, rom igi amaragebda iaraRiT separatist

ajanyebulebs. misi cixeSi gaCereba SesaZlo gaxda mxolod mcire xniT da

gamomZieblebma

sasamarTlos winaSe mis warsadgenad. generali stoliarovi, marSal

SapoSnikovis moadgile, dsT-is Zalebis mTavarsardali, Camovida

ver

SeZles

sakmarisi

mtkicebulebebis

mopoveba

moskovidan – igi ruseTis saidumlo samsaxuris ufrosis moadgile iyo –

raTa eTxova iakovlevis gaTavisufleba. maSinve, rogorc ki cnobili gaxda,

rom ar arsebobda sakmarisi mtkicebulebebi mis winaaRmdeg gamoZiebis

gasagrZeleblad, moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma wamoWres idea

iakovlevis gacvlasTan dakavSirebiT da mowmem xsenebuli sakiTxi

ganixila stoliarovTan erTad. sabolood generali iakovlevi gaicvala 30

policielSi, romlebic patimrobaSi imyofebodnen dubasariSi.

287. Sinagan saqmeTa saministros kavSiri hqonda dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis organoebTan. Zalian bevri mcdeloba ganxorcielda

imisaTvis, rom b-ni ilaSku da sxvebi gaTavisuflebuliyvnen. magram

xsenebulTan dakavSirebuli yvela winadadeba uaryofili iqna, radgan b-ni

ilaSkus saqme dnestrispirelTaTvis warmoadgenda miznis miRwevis erT-erT

meqanizms, iaraRs, romliTac am mxares SeeZlo moldovis damcireba. reJims

mxars uWerdnen ruseTi da ukraina. b-ni ilaSkusa da misi kolegebis

gaTavisuflebis ufro energiuli mcdelobebi gazrdida daZabulobas.

ilaSkus saqmis saSualebiT dnestrispireTis reJims SeeZlo zewolis

ganxorcieleba moldovis konstituciuri xelisuflebis organoebze, raTa

moepovebina aRiareba.

288. de facto separatistuli reJimi ar xvdeboda moldovis konstituciuri

xelisuflebis organoebis kanonieri kontrolis sferoSi. dnestrispireTis

reJimi SeiaraRebuli iyo me-14 armiis iaraRiT. xsenebul ukanono

formirebebs

iakovlevi

aiaraRebda.

lebedi

eweoda

`aqtiuri

neitralitetis~ politikas. moldovas ar gaaCnda iq Sesvlis ufleba.

Tanamdebobis dakavebisas general lebeds xsenebulis Sesaxeb unda

moexsenebina

prezident

snegurisaTvis,

rogorc

im

saxelmwifos

meTaurisaTvis, romlis teritoriazec ganTavsebuli iyo me-14 armia. magram

generalma lebedma ignorireba gaukeTa elementarul wesebs. rodesac igi

Camovida, mas ar ucnobebia moldovis prezidentisaTvis Camosvlis Sesaxeb;

Setyobineba xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT arc kremlidan mosula.

289. arsebobda `balkaneTis TaRis gegma~ Semdegi scenariT: im SemTxvevaSi,

Tu moldova ar SeaCerebda SeiaraRebul konfliqts, igi Seerwymeboda

rumineTs. prezidentebi elcini da putini akeTebdnen gancxadebebs

moldovis suverenitetTan dakavSirebiT, magram saxelmwifo dumis bevri

wevri, maT Soris b-ni ruckoi, imyofeboda dnestrispireTSi da mxars

uWerda separatistebs. isini uxeSad ereodnen moldovis saSinao saqmeebSi.

im SemTxvevaSi ruseTis oficialur mTavrobas rom eTanamSromla,

moxerxdeboda SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis Tavidan arideba.

290. im droisaTvis ruseTs didi problemebi hqonda uzarmazar armiasTan

dakavSirebiT, romelic ganTavsebuli iyo moldovis teritoriaze. Zalian

bevr

mosamzadebeli

jariskacs

ar

surda

ukan

ar

ruseTSi

yofila

gamgzavreba.

ganxorcielebuli

aranairi

maT

samuSaoebi

dasabruneblad. ruseTis samxedro Zalebi dnestrispireTSi samxedro

ZaliT mxars uWerdnen dnestrispireTis reJims. ruseTis armiis tankebi

monawileobas iRebdnen SeiaraRebul konfliqtSi; es gadacemuli iyo

televiziiT. me-14 armiis tankebis garda, im droisaTvis moldovaSi ar

yofila arc erTi tanki.

291. ruseTTan cecxlis Sewyvetis SeTanxmeba xelmowerili iqna 1992 wlis

ivlisSi. mowme gaTavisuflebuli iqna xsenebul dromde xuTi dRiT adre,

ruseTis federaciis zewolis Sedegad.

292. mowmis TqmiT, igi arasodes Sexvedria b-n gorbovs. SeiaraRebul

konfliqtamde igi gaTavisuflebuli iqna moldovis Sinagan saqmeTa

saministrodan. rodesac konfliqti daiwyo, man Tavisi samsaxuri SesTavaza

tiraspolis mxares, radgan ar eTanxmeboda kiSiniovis xelisuflebas. mas

pasuxismgebloba daakisres ilaSkus jgufTan dakavSirebul saqmeze. igi

awarmoebda gamoZiebas me-14 armiis meTaur polkovnik bergmanTan erTad.

SemdgomSi urTierTobebi massa da tiraspolis xelisuflebas Soris

gauaresda. igi SesaZloa wasuliyo moskovSi.

mowme icnobda olga Capatinas, man icoda, rom xsenebuli piri samoqalaqo

aqtivisti iyo da Cabmuli iyo avRaneTSi daRupul jariskacTa meuRleebisa

da dedebis ligis saqmianobaSi. mowmes ar gaaCnda aranairi informacia

konfliqtis dros mis sadazvervo saqmianobasTan dakavSirebiT. Tumca

mowmem saerTod ar icoda im konkretuli pirebis vinaoba, vinc sadazvervo

saqmianobas eweoda.

293. mowme Sexvda b-n ilaSkus rogorc sabWoTa kavSiris droindeli suk-is

ufrosi. b-ni ilaSku mobilizebuli iqna moldovis suk-is brZanebiT. igi ar

yofila suk-is TanamSromeli, rogorc aseTi. igi mobilizebuli iqna

imitom, rom hqonda gamocdileba informaciis SegrovebaSi. mas Semdeg, rac

suk-is struqtura Seicvala, CarTuli iqna sami saministro: Tavdacvis,

Sinagan saqmeTa da uSiSroebis. moldova ebrZoda mtrebs da jgufebs,

romlebmac SemoaRwies qveyanaSi anu tiraspolSi _ moldovis respublikis

nawilSi.

294. moldovis uSiSroebis saministro ar iRebda aranair daxmarebas

garedan. marTalia, rumineTi amaragebda moldovas garkveuli iaraRiT,

magram es iyo Zalian Zveli iaraRi, romelic ar muSaobda.

magram dnestrispireTSi myof eTnikur rusebs mxars uWerda ruseTi.

dnestrispireTSi Camovidnen cixeebidan gamoSvebuli kazakebi. iaraRiT

datvirTuli didi kolonebi gadahqondaT dnestrispireTSi. moldovis

uSiSroebis

dnestrispireTsa

saministrom

da me-14

gaagzavna

armiaSi.

agentebi,

situaciis

raTa

gaTvaliswinebiT

emoqmedaT

es

Cveulebrivi movlena iyo. xsenebuli droisaTvis moldovas gaaCnda

dokumenturi mtkicebulebebi, romlebsac igi iRebda agentebis saSualebiT

da romlebic adasturebda, rom 1992 wlis aprilis Semdeg me-14 armia

exmareboda ajanyebulebs iaraRiTa da sxvadasxva saSualebebiT. generalma

netkaCovma aRiara, rom dnestrispirelebi iyenebdnen satvirTo manqanebs,

raTa Sesuliyvnen iaraRis sawyobebSi danaRmuli velebis gavliT.

25. nikolai petrica

295. mowme iyo satanko akademiis kursdamTavrebuli. 1992 wlis 17 aprils

man datova sabWoTa armia da SeuerTda moldovis armias 1993 wlis

ivnisamde. xsenebul dromde igi iyo samxedro skolis direqtoris

moadgile avRaneTSi. 1964 wlidan 1974 wlamde igi msaxurobda kiSiniovSi,

amis Semdeg datova me-14 armia da wavida moskovSi sabWoTa jarebSi

samsaxurod. Cvenebis micemis droisaTvis igi iyo samxedro kaTedris gamge

moldovis teqnikur universitetSi.

296. mowme xelmZRvanelobda moldovis Zalebs dubasaris brZolaSi.

moldovelebs ruseTis armia esroda. isini iyenebdnen 152 mm tyviebs,

romlebic separatistebs im droisaTvis ar gaaCndaT. isini kocieri-

dubasaris xazidan isrodnen. 1992 wlis 24 maiss gaimarTa molaparakebebi

polkovnikTan, romelic xelmZRvanelobda dnestrispirelTa SeiaraRebul

Zalebs. xsenebuls ar eswrebodnen me-14 armiis warmomadgenlebi. magram rom

ara ruseTis Zalebi dnestrispireTSi, separatistebi ver SeiaraRdebodnen.

19 maiss separatistebma miiRes t-64 tipis 13 tanki me-14 armiidan. isini

iyenebdnen samxedro daniSnulebis sxva aRWurvilobasac, rogoric aris

artileria, romelic imave wyarodan unda yofiliyo miRebuli. mowmes

Tavad ar unaxavs me-14 armia an misi jariskacebi.

297. golicanis eklesia dangreuli iqna 152 mm-iani tyviebiT; am kalibris

tyviebi

daatyda

Tavs

sofel

krugliCsac.

mogvianebiT

gamarTul

msjelobebSi, romlebic gaimarTa mowmesa da me-14 armiis meTaurebs Soris,

maT daadastures, rom iyo SemTxvevebi, rodesac saartilerio aRWurviloba

gamoiyeneboda marjvena napirze arsebuli Zalebis winaaRmdeg.

generali lebedi Riad acxadebda, rom awarmoebda `aqtiuri Tavdacvis~

politikas. rusi jariskacebi cecxls awarmoebdnen qalaq tiginas

(benderis) mimarTulebiTac.

298. 1992 wlis 21 ivlissa da 16 oqtombers Soris periodSi, rodesac mowme

moldovis samSvidobo Zalebis meTauri iyo, mas araferi gaugia imis

Sesaxeb, rom ruseTis samSvidobo Zalebi ajanyebulebis mxareze ibrZodnen.

piriqiT, moldovas da ruseTs erTad SeeZloT xsenebul zonaSi mSvidobis

dacva. mowme Zalian kargad TanamSromlobda rus generalTan da isini

srul kontrols awarmoebdnen situaciaze.

299. 1992 wlis maisSi 16 tanki gadaeca dnestrispireTis gvardias. aqedan 13

tanki wavida kaCeevskis xidTan. magram 24 maiss mowme Sexvda mowinaaRmdege

polkovniks,

romelTanac

megobruli

urTierToba

hqonda

Soreuli

aRmosavleTidan. isini SeTanxmdnen, daecvaT poziciebi cecxlis gaxsnis

gareSe. magram 19 ivniss moxda tragedia. lebedi iyenebda Tavis jarebsa da

tankebs. savaraudod, xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT brZanebebi mas zemodan

mosdioda, radgan arc erTi generali ar imoqmedebda ase, rom ar mieRo

instruqciebi Tavisi politikuri xelmZRvanelebisagan. benderi dangreuli

iqna artileriisa da me-14 armiis tankebis da ara moldovelTa mier.

gamoyenebuli tankebi ekuTvnoda me-14 armias, 59-e divizias. magram lebedma

aseve ganaiaraRa kostenkos brigada, anu dnestrispirel ajanyebulTa

brigada. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, man miiRo gadawyvetileba cecxlis

SewyvetasTan dakavSirebiT.

dnestrispirelTaTvis SeuZlebeli iyo tankebis xelSi Cagdeba. lebedi

mudmivad iq imyofeboda. brZanebebi modioda moskovidan da lebedic

asrulebda maT.

300. 1992 wlis 21 ivliss ruseTma miiRo gadawyvetileba dnestrispireTis

konfliqtis

garkveulwilad

mogvarebasTan

ilaSkus

dakavSirebiT

jgufis

da

es

gadawyvetileba

sakiTxsac

gaTavisuflebis

iTvaliswinebda. magram, rogorc Cans, moldovam ver gamoiCina sakmarisi

daJineba. moldova monawileobas iRebda Sereul sakontrolo komisiaSi,

romelic Seiqmna moldova/ruseTis 1992 wlis ivlisis SeTanxmebis

safuZvelze. b-ni Cadana eswreboda xsenebuls.

26. vasile rusu

301. Cvenebis micemis droisaTvis mowme iyo moldovis generaluri

prokurori. xsenebul dromde igi iyo advokati da moldovis parlamentis

wevri komunisturi partiis siidan.

302. 1993 wlis dekemberSi aRZruli sisxlissamarTlebrivi gamoZieba im

mosamarTleebisa da prokurorebis winaaRmdeg, romlebic monawileobdnen

ilaSkus sasamarTlo samarTalwarmoebaSi, ar gagrZelda imitom, rom

saWiro gamokiTxvebi unda warmarTuliyo dnestris aRmosavleT napirze,

romelic separatistuli reJimis kontrolis qveS iyo. moldovis kanonieri

xelisuflebis organoebi ver Sediodnen respublikis aRmosavleT nawilSi.

analogiurad, 1992 wels moldovis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 82-e

muxlis

mkvlelobasTan dakavSirebiT moldovis xelisuflebis organoebs ar

SeeZloT ewarmoebinaT gamoZieba dnestrispireTis teritoriaze.

Sesabamisad

wardgenil

pretenziebze

moqalaqe

gusaris

2002 wlis dekemberSi gamoZieba SeCerebuli iqna. sisxlissamarTlebrivi

gamoZieba iqna aseve aRZruli 2000 wels hlinaias cixis mmarTvelis

winaaRmdeg piris ukanono patimrobaSi yolisaTvis, magram xsenebuli

gamoZiebac SeCerebuli iqna, radgan SeuZlebeli iyo raime realuri

sagamoZiebo moqmedebis Catareba.

mowmis azriT, mosamarTleebisa da prokurorebis winaaRmdeg sisxlis

samarTlis 190-e da 192-e muxlebiT aRZruli samarTalwarmoeba araswori

iyo. ufro Sesaferi iqneboda, gamoZieba aRZruliyo 116-e muxlis me-2

punqtisa da 207-e muxlis safuZvelze, romlebic gulisxmobs oficialuri

piris uflebamosilebis uzurpirebas da ukanono patimrobas, rogorc es

ganxorcielebuli iqna hlinaias cixis mmarTvelis winaaRmdeg aRZrul

gamoZiebasTan mimarTebaSi.

303. dnestrispireTis mxarisaTvis SeTavazebuli iqna patimarTa, maT Soris

ilaSkus jgufis, gacvla, magram es winadadeba uaryofili iqna. generalur

prokurorad mowmis muSaobis periodSi moldovasa da tiraspolis reJims

Soris ar ganxorcielebula msjavrdebuli patimrebis aranairi gacvla.

mowme ar icnobda dnestrispireTis generalur prokurors da arasodes

hqonia masTan satelefono kavSiri.

304.

ilaSkus

samarTalwarmoebaSi

monawile

mosamarTleebsa

da

prokurorebs, iseve, rogorc hlinaias cixis mmarTvels rom gadaewyvitaT

kiSiniovSi Casvla, rac maT SeeZloT, isini dakiTxulni iqnebodnen da

warimarTeboda Sesabamisi procedura. aucilebeli ar iqneboda maTi

dapatimreba; winaswar SeuZlebelia imis gansazRvra, waeyenebodaT Tu ara

maT dakiTxvis Sedegad brali sajaro Tanamdebobis uzurpirebaSi – amas

gamoZieba gansazRvravda.

mowmem ar icoda, rom is danaSaulebi, romlebic bralad eracxebodaT

prokurorebsa da mosamarTleebs (sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 116-e da 207-

e

muxlebi), xandazmulad iqna miCneuli prokuror iugas 2000 wlis

agvistos gadawyvetilebiT.

mowmis azriT, im SemTxvevaSi, Tu tiraspoleli prokurorebi da

mosamarTleebi,

romlebic

monawileobdnen

ilaSkus

sasamarTlo

samarTalwarmoebaSi, Cavidodnen dnestris marjvena napirze, sisxlis

samarTlis kodeqsis 207-e muxliT maT winaaRmdeg SesaZloa dawyebuliyo

gamoZieba, miuxedavad garkveuli problemebisa.

pirebi SesaZloa msjavrdebulni iqnen dauswreblad, Tuki arsebobs

sakmarisi mtkicebuleba maTi braleulobis dasadastureblad. es pirebi

rom sazRvargareT wasuliyvnen, magaliTad, ruseTSi, SesaZlebeli iqneboda

ruseTis xelisuflebis organoebisaTvis moldovaSi maTi eqstradirebis

moTxovna.

polkovniki

golovaCevi,

hlinaias

cixis

mmarTveli,

informirebuli iqna mis winaaRmdeg gamoZiebis aRZvrasTan dakavSirebiT da

gamoZaxebuli

saSualebiT.

iqna

kiSiniovSi

tiraspolSi

mdebare

prokuraturis

305.

rogorc

generalur

prokurors,

mowmes

ar

hqonda

ufleba,

gamgzavrebuliyo marcxena napirze. Cvenebis micemis droisaTvis misi

samsaxuri ver akontrolebda mdinaris mopirdapire napirze ganviTarebul

movlenebs. mowmem amjobina, pasuxi ar gaeca kiTxvaze, SeeZlo Tu ara mas

dnestris mopirdapire mxares myof Tavis kolegebTan muSaoba.

306. mowmis TqmiT, saqme rom Sesuliyo masTan, rogorc moldovis

generalur prokurorTan, igi daiwyebda gamoZiebas im ori adamianis

sikvdilTan dakavSirebiT, romlebic TiTqosda emsxverplnen ilaSkus

jgufis savaraudo teroristul aqts – es adamianebi iyvnen gusari da

strapenko

–

miuxedavad imisa, rom es ukanasknelni iyvnen ruseTis

federaciis moqalaqeebi.

mowmes ar hqonda SesaZlebloba, daekiTxa b-ni ilaSku, rodesac es

ukanaskneli Camovida kiSiniovSi gaTavisuflebis Semdeg, 2001 wlis 5 maiss,

radgan igi Tanamdebobaze dainiSna mxolod 18 maiss, 2001 wlis 10 maiss ki

b-nma ilaSkum miiRo rumineTis umaRlesi jildo, `rumineTis varskvlavi~.

27. vasile sturca

307. 2000 wlidan 2003 wlis 1 ianvramde mowme iyo dnestrispireTTan

molaparakebis komisiis Tavmjdomare. rogorc saxelwodebidan Cans,

komisiis

amocanas

warmoadgenda

dnestrispireTis

statusze

da

dakavSirebul sakiTxebze molaparakebis gamarTva. 1991-1992 wlebis periodSi

mowme iyo moldovis generaluri prokuroris pirveli moadgile, ra

Tanamdebobac man daikava 1990 wlis seqtemberSi da rCeboda am

Tanamdebobaze 1994 wlamde. 1994 wlis aprilidan 1998 wlis maisamde igi iyo

iusticiis ministri. 1998 wlis maisidan 2001 wlis ianvramde igi isev

generaluri prokuroris moadgile iyo.

308. komisia, romlis Tavmjdomarec mowme iyo, dakavebuli iyo ZiriTadad

politikuri problemebiT, romlebic ukavSirdeboda dnestrispireTs, da

komisiis ZiriTad mizans warmoadgenda am ukanasknelis samarTlebrivi

statusis dadgena. arsebobda, agreTve, sxva komisia, romelic dakavebuli

iyo dnestrispireTis situaciidan warmoSobili socialuri da ekonomikuri

problemebiT.

ekonomikuri,

kulturuli

da

socialuri

aspeqtebi

paralelurad ganixileboda sxva komisiaSi.

309. dnestrispireTis statusTan dakavSirebuli molaparakebebis konteqstSi

mimdinareobda msjeloba dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebis mier

ganxorcielebuli oficialuri qmedebebis kanonierebis Sesaxeb, magram

moldovis mxare yovelTvis daJinebiT miuTiTebda dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis

organoebis

mier

ganxorcielebuli

qmedebebis

arakonstituciurobaze. 2001-2003 wlebSi dnestrispireTis statusTan

dakavSirebiT ganxiluli iqna Zalian bevri dokumentis proeqtebi,

romelTagan zogierTi moicavda debulebebs imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu ra

unda

gakeTebuliyo

dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis

organoebis

gadawyvetilebebTan mimarTebaSi, magaliTad, im sisxlissamarTlebriv

ganaCenebsa da samoqalaqo gadawyvetilebebTan mimarTebaSi, romlebic

gamotanili iqna wina 10 wlis ganmavlobaSi.

310. rac Seexeba ilaSkusa da misi jgufis SesaZlo gaTavisuflebas,

generalurma prokuraturam mosTxova dnestrispireTis prokuraturas,

mieca saSualeba, rom saqme gamoeZiebinaT moldovis konstituciur

organoebs. xsenebuli sakiTxi mowmem ramdenimejer ganixila prokuror

lukiCTan erTad, romelic zedamxedvelobda gamoZiebas 1992-1993 wlebis

periodSi. problema imaSi mdgomareobda, rom rac ar unda gaekeTebinaT

sagamoZiebo organoebs dnestrispireTSi ilaSkus saqmesTan dakavSirebiT,

yovelive es arakonstituciuri iyo da ar SeiZleboda xsenebulis Sedegad

gamotanili gadawyvetilebis aRsruleba moldovaSi. amitom moldovam

wamoayena winadadeba, rom mowveuliyvnen prokurorebi sxva qveynebidan,

magaliTad, yofili sabWoTa kavSiris qveynebidan, rogoric aris ukraina,

belorusia da ruseTis federacia. mowme piradad gafrinda minskSi, raTa

ganexila sakiTxi belorusiis generalur prokurorTan erTad, romelmac

Tanxmoba gamoTqva saqmis gamoZiebaze. magram dnestrispireTis mxarem uari

ganacxada xsnebulTan dakavSirebiT. mowmem aseve gamarTa Sexvedra q-n

ivanovasTan, romelic iyo sasamarTlos Tavmjdomare, raTa daerwmunebina

dnestrispireTis mxare, rom arakonstituciuri organos mier gamotanili

gadawyvetileba yvelas problemas Seuqmnida. aRniSnuli isev uaryofili

iqna.

311. 1994 wels, maSin, rodesac mowme muSaobda generalur prokuraturaSi,

prezidentma snegurma gaagzavna igi dnestrispireTSi, raTa moexerxebina b-

ni ilaSkusa da sxva patimrebis gaTavisufleba. mogvianebiT, 1996 wels, b-

nma smirnovma mowmes neba darTo, pirvelad Sexvedroda piradad ilaSkus

hlinaias sapyrobileSi. mowme iyo pirveli adamiani, romelic ilaSkus

amgvarad Sexvda. mowme piradad gaesaubra smirnovs, prezidenti sneguris

instruqciebis Sesabamisad, raTa eTxova misTvis ilaSkusa da sxvebis

gaTavisufleba. xsenebuli warmoadgenda rTul da delikatur sakiTxs.

sakiTxi politizirebuli iyo. mowme bevrjer Sexvda q-n ivanovas,

mosamarTles, romelmac ganixila saqme, rogorc dnestrispireTis e.w.

uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomarem, b-n lukiCs, romelic iyo prokurori

am saqmeSi, dnestrispireTis reJimis Sinagan saqmeTa ministrs da

dnestrispireTis uzenaesi sabWos Tavmjdomares. Tavidan maT Tanxmoba

gamoTqves

saqmis

ganxilvaze

im

kuTxiT,

rom

momxdariyo

yvela

msjavrdebuli piris gaTavisufleba, magram maT moiTxoves, rom xsenebuli

ganxorcielebuliyo dnestrispireTSi arsebuli proceduris Sesabamisad.

312. 1993 wlis martSi smirnovma gamosca dadgenileba, romlis Tanaxmadac

Seiqmna Sewyalebis komisia. SemuSavebuli iqna komisiis saqmianobis

reglamenti. imisaTvis, rom daculi yofiliyo saTanado procedura, pirs

unda daerwmunebina komisiis wevrebi, rom gaeTavisuflebinaT Sesabamisi

patimrebi. amitom mowmes Sexvedrebi hqonda komisiis TavmjdomaresTan. 1996

wlis ganmavlobaSi, aprilidan Semodgomamde, mowmem bevri molaparakeba

gamarTa komisiasTan, romelsac gaaCnda dnestrispireTSi yvela adamianis

Sewyalebis uflebamosileba. es rTuli procesi iyo, radgan mas unda

daerwmunebina komisiis yvela wevri. bolo Sexvedra mowmem gamarTa yvela

uwyebis _ anu prokuraturis, uzenaesi sasamarTlosa da uzenaesi sabWos _

warmomadgenlebTan. eswrebodnen yvela aRniSnuli uwyebis warmomadgenlebi.

maTi daskvnis Tanaxmad, ilaSkus jgufis gaTavisuflebis sakiTxi SesaZloa

adgilidan daZruliyo, Tuki es dadasturebuli iqneboda b-ni smirnovis

gadawyvetilebiT, romelic amaze uars ambobda.

gaTavisuflebasTan

dakavSirebuli

ganxilvebi

1996

wlis

Semdegac

gagrZelda. smirnovi xan Tanxmobas acxadebda da xan uars. saboloo

gadawyvetileba miRebuli iqna 2001 wlis gazafxulze. 2000 wlis 16 maiss

prezident luCinskisa da prezident smirnovis erT-erT Sexvedraze

moldovelebma isev mosTxoves smirnovs b-ni ilaSkus gaTavisufleba.

smirnovma ganacxada, rom ver daTanxmdeboda gaTavisuflebaze, rogorc

aseTi, magram daTanxmdeboda saqmis xelaxla ganxilvaze sxva qveynis

sasamarTlos mier. xsenebulma ramdenime axali iniciativa wamoWra.

magaliTad, moldovam sTxova elC hils, euTo-s misiis xelmZRvanels, rom

mas euTo-s ofisebis saSualebiT eZia SesaZlebloba, rom ilaSkus saqme

gansaxilvelad sxva qveynis sasamarTlos gadascemoda. elC hilis mier

venaSi warmoTqmuli mowodebis Semdeg Sveicariam, poloneTma da ungreTma

Tanxmoba gamoTqves imis SesaZleblobaze, rom ilaSkus saqme ganexila am

qveynebis sasamarTloebs. elCma hilma ganixila xsenebulis SesaZlebloba

Sveicariis warmomadgenlebTan. ganxilva inicirebuli iyo TviT mowmis mier

poloneTisa da ungreTis elCebTan kiSiniovSi. isini teqnikuri detalebis

ganxilvasac ki Seudgnen, rogoric aris monawile mosamarTleTa

raodenoba, romeli sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsi unda iqnes gamoyenebuli,

vin unda iyos prokurori, vin unda dauWiros mxaris moldovel

warmomadgenlebs da a.S.

amave

dros

moldovis

xelisuflebis

organoebi

agrZelebdnen

dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebTan molaparakebebs ilaSkus

jgufis upirobo gaTavisuflebasTan dakavSirebiT. b-nma voroninma da b-nma

hilma calke mimarTes dnestrispireTis mxares. poloneTis sasamarTlo

mzad iyo, ganexila saqme. xsenebuli moTxovnebi gaigzavna dnestrispireTis

mxaresTan. bolos, 2001 wlis 12 aprils, dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis

organoebma Tanxmoba gamoTqves upirobo gaTavisuflebaze da ara ucxo

qveynis sasamarTlos Carevaze. msjelobebi gaimarTa gaTavisuflebis

teqnikur mxareebTan dakavSirebiT. 16 aprils mowme gaemgzavra tiraspolSi

manqaniT, raTa patimrebi Camoeyvana kiSiniovSi, magram dnestrispirelebma

aRniSnulze uari ganacxades, miuxedavad imisa, rom SeTanxmeba miRweuli

iyo. mowme Sexvda cixeSi jgufis yvela wevrs tiraspolSi euTo-s

warmomadgenlebTan erTad. amjerad dnestrispirelebi ambobdnen, rom mzad

iyvnen, gaeTavisuflebinaT yvela patimari.

rodesac 2001 wlis 5 maiss mxolod b-ni ilaSku iqna gaTavisuflebuli da

ara yvela patimari, aman Zalian ganacvifra moldovis mxare. moldovis

mxarem

miiRo

werili

smirnovisagan

patimris

gaTavisuflebasTan

dakavSirebiT.

rac Seexeba imas, Tu ratom Tqves dnestrispirelebma uari yvela patimris

gaTavisuflebaze,

molaparakebebi

maTi

dnestrispireTis

gancxadebiT,

moldovas

unda

waremarTa

gadaWrasTan

regionis

problemis

dakavSirebiT. moldovis xelisuflebis organoebs ar SeeZloT uari

ganecxadebinaT arakonstituciur organoebTan saubarze. imave dros

sisxlissamarTlebrivi

gamoZieba

iqna

aRZruli

im

mosamarTleebis

winaaRmdeg, romlebmac monawileoba miiRes dnestrispireTSi ilaSkus

jgufis winaaRmdeg gamarTul ukanono sasamarTlo procesSi. magram im

droisaTvis moldovelebi darwmunebulebi iyvnen, rom yvela gancmxadebeli

gaTavisuflebuli iqneboda.

sxva patimrebis gaTavisuflebis mcdelobis warumateblad damTavrebis

Semdeg xsenebuli sakiTxi wamoiWreboda xolme dnestrispirelebTan

gamarTul yvela Sexvedraze, rodesac mowme Tavmjdomareobda komisias.

aseve sxva mimarTva iqna xelmowerili mowmisa da maSindeli iusticiis

ministris, b-ni moreis mier.

313. 2001 wlis maisis Semdeg xsenebul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT smirnovTan

molaparakebebi aRar gamarTula. dnestrispireTis mxare Tavidan icilebda

aseT Sexvedrebs. mowmem ganixila ganmcxadebelTa gaTavisuflebis sakiTxi

tiraspolel

komisiaSi.

kolegebTan

erTad

dnestrispireTTan

molaparakebis

314. rac Seexeba im gamoZiebis brZanebas, romelic ukavSirdeboda

dnestrispireTSi gamarTul sasamarTloSi monawile sasamarTlo

moxeleebs, xsenebuli brZaneba gauqmda 2000 wlis 16 agvistos generaluri

prokuroris moadgilis b-ni didiCis mier.

Sesabamis dros mowmes hqonda msjeloba prezident snegurTan am sakiTxze,

Semdeg

ki

sadili

dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis

organoebis

warmomadgenlebTan, romlebic sisxlissamarTlebrivi gamoZiebis Sewyvetas

moiTxovdnen. es sakiTxi ganxiluli iyo aseve orive mxaris sagamoZiebo

organoebis xelmZRvanelebis doneze da misi mogvareba zogadad statusis

sakiTxis gadaWris erT-erT pirobad iyo dasmuli. magram samarTlebrivi da

politikuri aspeqtebi gansxvavdeboda erTmaneTisagan. mowmis azriT, is, rac

dnestrispirelma

arakonstituciuri

prokurorebma

iyo da isini

da

mosamarTleebma

gaakeTes,

unda

marTlmsajulebis

winaSe

warmdgariyvnen. dnestrispireTis statusis sakiTxi kvlavac msjelobis

sagani iyo dokumentis proeqtis safuZvelze. msjeloba moicavda

sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobis zogad sakiTxs da ara mxolod

ilaSkus saqmeSi monawile pirebTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebs.

moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma icodnen im Txovnis Sesaxeb, romelic

exeboda konfliqtSi monawile pirebs. amitom mowmisaTvis Zalian Zneli iyo

imis Tqma, 2000 wlis 16 agvistos gadawyvetileba samarTlebrivi xasiaTis

iyo Tu ufro politikur gadawyvetilebas mogvagonebs. statusTan

dakavSirebuli aqtis proeqti naTlad moicavda xsenebul sakiTxs.

315. dnestrispireTidan ruseTis jarebis gayvanis sakiTxi arasodes yofila

ganxiluli statusTan dakavSirebul molaparakebaTa komisiaSi. xsenebuli

sakiTxi sxvagvar konteqstSi ganixileboda. dnestrispireTis statusis

garantiebis siaSi erT-erTi punqti exeboda samxedro sakiTxebs. sagareo

saqmeTa da Tavdacvis saministroebma ganixiles ruseTis jarebis gayvanis

sakiTxi moldova/ruseTs Soris arsebuli ormxrivi urTierTobebis

konteqstSi. miuxedavad imisa, rom dnestrispireTis sakiTxis mogvarebasa da

ruseTis jarebis gayvanas Soris kavSiri wamoWrili iqna dnestrispireTis

mxaris mier, sakiTxi ganxiluli iqna calke konteqstSi – saxeldobr, aqtis

proeqtis erT-erT TavSi, romelic exeboda dnestrispireTis statusis

garantiebs.

dnestrispireTSi ganxiluli iqna aTasobiT sisxlis samarTlis saqme.

ilaSkus saqme Zalze politizirebuli iyo. dnestrispirelebi yovelTvis

acxadebdnen, rom es ar iyo politikuri saqme, rom ganmcxadeblebi iyvnen

Cveulebrivi moqalaqeebi, romlebmac Caidines mkvleloba da ixdidnen

sasjels. moldova sxva kuTxiT uyurebda am sakiTxs: Tu xsenebulma pirebma

marTlac Caidines danaSauli, saqme unda gamoZiebuliyo da pirebi unda

gasamarTlebuliyvnen konstituciuri organoebis mier. sasamarTlos Semdeg

samarTalwarmoeba ilaSkus saqmeze ganxiluli iqna poloneli profesoris

rJeplinskis mier. misi moxsenebis safuZvelze dnestrispirelebs unda

gaeanalizebinaT, rom Zalian bevri saproceso Secdoma dauSves gamoZiebisa

da sasamarTlo samarTalwarmoebis warmarTvisas. magram maTTvis uaRresad

mniSvnelovani iyo imis warmoCena, rom reJimi arsebobda rogorc

saxelmwifo.

316. mowme mravaljer Sexvda ganmcxadeblebsa da aseve maTi ojaxis wevrebs

iseT sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT, rogoric aris mkurnaloba, materialuri

mxardaWera, patimrobis pirobebi. yvela maTi moTxovna dakmayofilebuli

iqna

maqsimalurad

da

im

farglebSi,

rac

Sedioda

moldovis

konstituciuri xelisuflebis organoTa kompetenciaSi. cixeSi ojaxis

vizitebs xels uwyobdnen moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi transportis

uzrunvelyofiT. mkurnalobas uzrunvelyofda moldovis janmrTelobis

saministro.

b-ni

sturcas

komisia

yuradRebas

aqcevda,

rom

maT

miwodebodaT yvelaferi, rasac moiTxovdnen, magaliTad, gazeTebi da

finansuri daxmareba ojaxebisaTvis.

317. iusticiis saministro awarmoebda mosamzadebel samuSaoebs moldovis

SesvlisaTvis evropis sabWoSi. umTavresi problema iyo adamianis uflebaTa

dacvis sakiTxi. naTeli iyo, rom moldovis kanonieri xelisuflebis

organoebs ar SeeZloT adamianis uflebaTa dacva dnestrispireTis

regionSi. xsenebulma migviyvana sakamaTo daTqmamde adamianis uflebaTa

evropuli konvenciis mimarT, romelic moldovis parlamentma 1997 wlis

seqtemberSi daamtkica. xsenebuli daTqmis teqsti sityvasityviT iqna

SeTanxmebuli da Sejerebuli evropis sabWosTan. moldova mudmiv kavSirSi

imyofeboda strasburgis oficialur pirebTan. mowmis azriT, is faqti, rom

ilaSkus jgufis sxva wevrebi ar iyvnen gaTavisuflebulni am dromde,

mowmobda imas, rom moldovis kanonieri xelisuflebis organoebs ar

SeeZloT adamianis uflebebis dacva xsenebul regionSi.

318.

moldovis

xelisuflebis

organoebs

arasodes

uRiarebiaT

dnestrispireTis regionis sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebebi da oficialuri

qmedebebi; moldova maT arakonstituciurad miiCnevda. imisaTvis, rom

dnestrispireli xalxi ar datanjuliyo im situaciiT, rac iq Camoyalibda

1990 wlis movlenebis Semdeg, mdinaris marjvena napirze daarsda moldovis

sasamarTloebi

dakavSirebul

dnestrispireTis

SemTxvevebSi (saojaxo

regionisaTvis.

xsenebul

sakiTxTan

samarTalTan

dakavSirebiT

dnestrispireTis organoebis mier miRebuli RonisZiebebi) moqalaqeebi

valdebulni arian, mimarTon konstituciur (anu kanonier) sasamarTloebs

moldovaSi, raTa maTi saqme xelaxla iqnes mosmenili dnestrispireTis

sasamarTloebisa

da

xelisuflebis

organoebis

mier

miRebuli

gadawyvetilebis Semdeg. mowmes bevri msjeloba hqonda imisaTvis, rom

gadaeWra problema. dnestrispirelebi fiqrobdnen, rom problema unda

mogvarebuliyo

dakavSirebul

sxva

politikas

gziT,

raTa

negatiuri

xsenebul

zegavlena

gadawyvetilebebTan

ar moexdina

dnestrispireTis mosaxleobaze. problema exeba ara mxolod qorwinebis

saregistracio dawesebulebebs, aramed policiis, notariusebisa da sxva

samsaxurebs. magaliTad, Tuki dnestrispirel xalxs surs, wavides

ukrainasa Tu ruseTSi, samgzavro dokumentebis misaRebad isini unda

gadavidnen mdinaris marjvena napirze.

yvela es problema aris mimdinare molaparakebebis sagani. 10 000-mde

samoqalaqo saqme ukve gadawyvetilia dnestrispireTis sasamarTloebis

mier. aucilebelia imis gadawyveta, Tu ra moxdeba xsenebul saqmeebTan

dakavSirebiT. ararealuri midgoma iqneba, Tuki miviCnevT, rom yvela es

saqme

mogvianebiT

unda

gadaisinjos.

Tumca

im

SemTxvevaSi,

Tu

dnestrispireTSi mcxovrebi moqalaqe ar eTanxmeba dnestrispireTis

sasamarTlos mier gamotanil gadawyvetilebas, mas unda hqondes moldovis

konstituciuri xelisuflebis organoebis winaSe gasaCivrebis ufleba,

raTa misi saqme gadasinjuli iqnes.

319. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, rodesac moqalaqis saqme gadawyvetili iqna

dnestrispireTSi da midis moldovis uzenaes sasamarTloSi, es saqme

ganixileba

da

uzenaesi

sasamarTlo

arakonstituciurad

acxadebs

dnestrispireTis mxaris mier miRebul gadawyvetilebas. gasuli wlebis

ganmavlobaSi Zalian bevri aseTi SemTxveva moxda. samoqalaqo saqmeebi

ganixileba imgvarad, rom uzrunvelyofili iqnes adamianis uflebebis

dacva.

320. rodesac moldovis xelisuflebis organoebma Seityves gusarisa da

ostapenkos sikvdilis Sesaxeb, isini mzad iyvnen, gamoeZiebinaT da

daedginaT, Tu vin iyvnen damnaSaveebi. moldovis organoebi daukavSirdnen

tiraspolis prokuraturas, raTa gaegoT, Tu vin iyo damnaSave xsenebuli

mkvlelobis CadenaSi. magram moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi maT

winaSe aRmarTul kedels waawydnen.

321.

ilaSkus

jgufis

gaTavisuflebasTan

dakavSirebuli

teqnikuri

detalebis ganxilva daiwyo 2001 wlis 12 aprils. 2001 wlis 16 aprils

mowme piradad wavida tiraspolSi ilaSkus jgufis wevrebis Camosayvanad

kiSiniovSi. rodesac dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebma uari

uTxres amaze, mowmes xelaxla mouxda yovelives dawyeba.

5

maiss

dnestrispireTis saidumlo samsaxurebis warmomadgenlebma gadasces

ilaSku kiSiniovis saidumlo samsaxurs da ara sagamoZiebo organoebs.

Znelia imis Tqma, SesaZlebeli iyo Tu ara b-ni ilaSkus dakiTxva misi

gaTavisuflebisas. sisxlis samarTalwarmoeba kvlav aRZruli iyo, magram

ilaSku Tavisufali adamiani iyo da datova moldova sakuTari surviliT.

dauyovnebliv 2000 wlis maisis Semdeg, rodesac smirnovma ganacxada, rom

igi Tanaxma iyo ilaSkus saqmis gadasinjvaze sxva qveynis sasamarTlos

mier,

moldovis

xelisuflebis

organoebi

daukavSirdnen

ungreTs,

poloneTs da Sveicarias. warimarTa teqnikuri molaparakebebi xsenebul

qveynebTan. magram ilaSkus gaTavisuflebam 2001 wels bolo mouRo imis

SesaZleblobas, rom saqme mTlianad ganxiluliyo sxva sasamarTlos mier

sxva qveyanaSi.

322. yvelaferi, rac gakeTda ilaSkus saqmeSi da zogadad dnestrispireTis

problemasTan dakavSirebiT, gakeTda seriozulad da gulmodgined,

miuxedavad imisa, Tu ra dros xdeboda movlenebi. mowmem piradad

Seiswavla

saqme

ramdenimejer.

garkveuli

mniSvnelovani

Seswavla

ganxorcielda euTo-s iniciativiT. dRes, 11 wlis Semdeg, Zneli iqneba

nebismieri winaswari sisxlissamarTlebrivi gamoZiebis Catareba, magram

moldovis sagamoZiebo organoebi maqsimalurad Seecdebian.

28. viqtor vieiru

323. mowme iyo iusticiis ministris moadgile 2001 wlis Semdeg. xsenebul

dromde igi iyo advokati. mowmes aranairi Sexeba ar hqonia ilaSkus

saqmesTan. arc erTi Sexvedris dros, romelsac igi eswreboda, xsenebuli

sakiTxi ar wamoWrila.

mowme marTlac iyo statusis Taobaze molaparakebaTa komisiis wevri,

romelsac Tavmjdomareobda b-ni sturca. Tumca im Sexvedrebze, romlebsac

igi eswreboda, arasodes ganxilula darCenili patimrebis gaTavisuflebis

sakiTxi.

324. mowmis, rogorc advokatis, azriT, generaluri prokuraturis mier

miRebuli gadawyvetileba 2000 wlis agvistoSi im brZanebis gauqmebasTan

dakavSirebiT, romliTac 1993 wels sisxlissamarTlebrivi gamoZieba aRiZra

ilaSkusa da misi kolegebis gasamarTlebaze pasuxismgebeli pirebis

winaaRmdeg, araswori iyo.

325. moldovis xelisuflebis organoebs arasodes uRiarebiaT is

dokumentebi, romlebic gacemuli iyo dnestrispireTis arakonstituciuri

organoebis mier. mowmis azriT, 2001 wlis oqmi, romelic xelmowerili iyo

b-ni voroninisa da b-ni smirnovis mier, ar iyo samarTlebrivad

savaldebulo. pirvel rigSi, moldovis uzenaesi kanoni, rogorc es

konstituciiT aris dadgenili, ar moicavs samarTlebrivi aqtis saxiT iseT

aqts, rogoric aris aseTi politikuri gadawyvetileba. meore, xsenebuli

ar SeiZleba ganxiluli iqnes ise, rom warmoadgendes saerTaSoriso

xelSekrulebas venis 1969 wlis saxelSekrulebo samarTlis mniSvnelobiT:

xelSekrulebis xelmoweris ufleba aqvT mxolod saxelmwifoebs, xolo

dnestrispireTi ar SeiZleba saxelmwifod CaiTvalos. mesame, nebismieri

samarTlebrivi aqti gamoqveynebuli unda iqnes oficialur beWdviT

organoSi. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, moldovis konstituciuri organoebis mier

gamocemuli dokumentebi ar aris aRiarebuli qveynis aRmosavleT nawilSi.

29. andrei stratani

326. mowme iyo sabaJo departamentis direqtori 1999 wlidan 2001 wlamde.

Cvenebis micemis droisaTvis igi iyo elCi, sagareo saqmeTa saministros

samxreT-aRmosavleT evropaSi mSvidobis paqtis samsaxuris ufrosi. 1999

wlamde igi iyo sabaJo departamentis direqtoris moadgile. xsenebuli

struqtura Tavidan finansTa saministroSi Sedioda, xolo mogvianebiT

pirdapir mTavrobas daeqvemdebara.

327. moldovis sabaJo xelisuflebis organoebs faqtobrivad ar gaaCniaT

aranairi

uflebamosileba

dnestrispireTis

teritoriaze

ukrainis

sazRvramde saqonlis transportirebasTan dakavSirebiT, radgan isini ver

Sedian am teritoriaze.

dnestrispireTSi mdebare korporaciul gaerTianebaTa umetesoba sabaJo

dokumentacias amzadebs tiraspolSi. rodesac maT esaWiroebaT saeqsporto

nebarTvebi, magaliTad, samkervalo nawarmisTvis, isini ukavSirdebian

xelisuflebis

dokumentacias.

organoebs

aranairi

kiSiniovSi,

SezRudva

romlebic

ar arsebobs

gascemen

Sesabamis

dnestrispireTSi

korporaciul gaerTianebebTan dakavSirebiT, romlebic kiSiniovSi Cadian

mesame

dnestrispireTSi

qveyanaSi

saeqsporto

eqsporti da

dokumentaciis

importi xorcieldeba

misaRebad.

Tumca

moldovis

konstituciuri xelisuflebis organoebis nebarTvis gareSe. umetesad

importirebuli saqoneli Sedis pirdapir tiraspolSi. zogierTi saqoneli,

rogoric aris samkervalo nawarmi, SesaZlebelia eqsportirebuli iqnes

evrokavSirSi mxolod mas Semdeg, rac amasTan dakavSirebiT nebarTva

gaicema moldovis ekonomikis saministros mier. es imitom xdeba, rom

dadgenilia saeqsporto kvotebi. es ar aris sabaJo procedura, rogorc

aseTi. es aris ekonomikis saministrodan nebarTvis miRebis procedura.

sabaJo departaments ar gaaCnia aranairi kontroli xsenebul proceduraze.

moldovidan

xelisuflebis

iaraRis

eqsporti

Sedis

moldovis

xsenebulisaTvis

konstituciuri

saWiroa

organoebis

iurisdiqciaSi.

mTavrobis gadawyvetileba. realurad iaraRis eqsportTan an sxva

gadaricxvebTan dakavSirebiT gadawyvetilebebs departamentTaSorisi

komiteti iRebs. mowmem ar icoda, Tu ra procedura gamoiyeneboda

tiraspolis xelisuflebis organoebis mier.

tiraspolidan iaraRis eqsportireba xorcieldeboda ukrainis gavliT

pirdapir sxva qveynebSi, radgan kiSiniovs ar SeeZlo ganexorcielebina

kontroli ukrainis sazRvarze.

328.

sabaJo

departamenti

pasuxismgebeli

ar

iyo

warmomavlobis

sertifikatebis gacemaze. es savaWro palatis kompetenciaSi Sedioda.

329. zogierTi saqoneli nawilobriv moldovaSi mzaddeboda da nawilobriv

dnestrispireTSi; aseT SemTxvevebSi saqonlis transportireba xdeboda

dnestrispireTSi

korporaciuli sawarmoebisaTvis bunebrivi iyo saqmiani urTierTobebis

damyareba marjvena napirTan. moldovis organoebs ar gaaCniaT

da

dnestrispireTidan.

marcxena

napirze

mdebare

statistikuri monacemebi xsenebulTan dakavSirebiT, radgan iTvleboda,

rom es iyo Sida vaWroba.

330. mdinaris marcxena da marjvena napirebs Soris ar yofila Seqmnili

aranairi saerTo sabaJo postebi. 1995 wlidan moldova iyo saerTaSoriso

sabaJo gaerTianebis wevri. dnestrispireTi moldovis ganuyofeli nawilia,

magram moldovis xelisuflebis organoebis mier arasodes xorcieldeboda

sabaJo kontroli im momsaxurebasa da saqonelze, romelic marcxena

napiridan momdinareobda. amitom, formalurad rom vilaparakoT, adgili

ar hqonia raime saxis kontrabandas.

331. moldovis energetikuli resursebiT momarageba ruseTidan xdeba

konfliqtamde xelmowerili SeTanxmebis safuZvelze. sabaJo departamentma

icis, Tu ra raodenobis energetikuli resursebi Semodis ruseTidan.

sabaJo departamentSi aris danayofi, romelic zedamxedvelobs am

resursebis Semotanas. sabaJo departamenti iRebs oficialur dokumentebs,

romlebic exeba gaziTa da eleqtroenergiiT momaragebas. magram moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebs ar SeuZliaT gaakontrolon, ra xdeba moldova-

ukrainis sazRvarze da aRricxon dnestrispireTSi importirebuli

energetikuli resursebis odenoba. xorcieldeba informaciis gacvla

ruseTisa da moldovis sabaJo departamentebs Soris ruseTidan moldovaSi

gazis eqsportTan dakavSirebiT. aranairi sabaJo gadasaxadi ar aris

dawesebuli ruseTidan moldovaSi bunebrivi gazis importirebaze, mxolod

sabaJo procedurebisa da damatebuli Rirebulebis gadasaxadi.

332. mowmem ar icoda, aRiricxeboda Tu ara saeqsportod gankuTvnili

saqonlis transportireba dnestrispireTidan pirdapir sxva qveynebSi.

mowmes arasodes unaxavs iseTi dokumentacia, romelic, misi azriT,

mianiSnebda, rom aseTi saqonlis eqsportirebis sxva gzebi iqna aRmoCenili

da adgili hqonda gaukontrolebel vaWrobas dnestrispireTsa da mesame

qveynebs Soris, garda iaraRiT vaWrobisa. moldovis sabaJo departamentSi

arsebobs brigada ukanono eqsportis gamoZiebisTvis. magram am brigadas

moqmedeba

SeuZlia

mxolod

im

teritoriaze,

romelze

Sesvlis

SesaZleblobac aqvs da romelzec axorcielebs kontrols. amitom

dnestrispireTsa da ukrainas Soris arsebuli vaWroba ar kontroldeba

moldovis sabaJo departamentis mier.

333. mowmem ar icoda, Tu rogor SeiZleboda, rom tiraspolSi Camosxmuli

brendis boTlebze, romlebic gayidvaSi iyo ruseTSi, saxelmwifo kodi iyo

rusuli da ara moldovuri. igi Tvlida, rom xsenebuli kiTxva unda

daesvaT ruseTis federaciis sabaJo xelisuflebis organoebisaTvis.

334. moldovis sabaJo deparatamenti ar axorcielebs raime saxis sabaJo

kontrols dnestris marjvena sanapiroze, radgan es ar aris saerTaSoriso

sazRvari. Sesabamisad, moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi ar awarmoeben

gamoZiebas xsenebul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT. danaSauls ar warmoadgens

saqonlis transportireba mdinaris marjvena napiridan marcxenaze.

30. generali boris sergeevi

335. mowme daibada 1950 wlis 17 ianvars orenburgSi, ruseTSi. igi aris rod-

is sardali 2002 wlis 18 ianvridan. 1996 wlidan xsenebul dromde igi iyo

rod-is kadrebis ufrosis moadgile.

336. rod-is misia ormagi xasiaTisaa: samSvidobo Zalebi da SenaerTebi,

romlebic pasuxismgebelni arian me-14 armiis aRWurvilobisa da sakuTrebis

dacvasa da mogvianebiT ruseTis federaciaSi dabrunebaze.

337. rac Seexeba samSvidobo Zalebs, maT SemadgenlobaSi daaxloebiT 360

piria: 2 batalioni da 1 saaviacio danayofi. batalionebi erTmaneTs

enacvlebian da rodesac postze imyofebian, eqvemdebarebian mxolod

samSvidobo

Zalebis

Sereul

xelZRvanelobas.

ruseTis

samSvidobo

batalionebi organizaciulad damokidebulni arian rod-ze. xsenebuli

batalionebi rod-is jarebisagan gancalkevebulad arian ganTavsebuli da

hyavT sakuTari sameTauro centri. rod-is sxva danayofebi ar arian

Cabmulni samSvidobo operaciebSi da arasodes monawileobdnen maTSi.

ruseTis samSvidobo Zalebs ar gaaCniaT tankebi. saaviacio jgufi

pasuxismgebelia tiraspolis aerodromze.

338. rod-is amJamindeli Stabbina uwin me-14 armiis Stabbina iyo. rod-is

Semadgenloba Cvenebis micemis droisaTvis 1500 adamianze naklebi iyo,

yvela samxedro SenaerTis CaTvliT.

339. tiraspolSi aris samxedro aerodromi. sabWoTa dros iq ganTavsebuli

iyo sahaero divizia. sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdeg 1991 wels saaviacio

aRWurviloba gayofili iqna moldovas, ukrainasa da ruseTs Soris. me-14

armias gaaCnda mxolod SveulmfrenTa eskadrilia, romelic tiraspolSi

iyo ganTavsebuli. es eskadrilia gaxda samSvidobo Zalebis nawili.

dReisaTvis mas gaaCnia 9 Sveulmfreni da personali, romelic 180 adamians

iTvlis. isini ar Sedian rod-is SemadgenlobaSi, magram pirdapir

eqvemdebarebian ruseTis aviaciis Zalebs. isini gamoiyeneba samSvidobo

jarebis

mier

inspeqciis

gansaxorcieleblad:

isini

awarmoeben

usafrTxoebis zonis monitorings.

340. tiraspolis aerodromze Zalian mcire moZraobaa. sahaero sivrce

kontroldeba ukrainisa da moldovis sahaero kontroliorebis mier:

rodesac sahaero xomaldi mifrinavs ukrainis teritoriaze, sahaero

kontrols axorcielebs ukraina, xolo rodesac xomaldi uaxlovdeba

moldovis teritorias, mas warmarTavs kiSiniovis sahaero kontrolis

samsaxuri. amitom kiSiniovSi mdebare moldovis sahaero kontroliorebis

nebarTvis gareSe ruseTis sahaero xomaldebsa da Sveulmfrenebs ar

SeuZliaT dajdoma da afrena.

rac Seexeba aerodromis usafrTxoebas, zoli, romelic gamoiyeneba

ruseTis federaciis mZime TviTmfrinavebisa da Sveulmfrenebis dasajdomad

da asafrenad, daculia ruseTis Zalebis mier. Tumca aerodromis

teritoria Riaa, ase rom dnestrispirelebs rom moundeT, SeuZliaT iq

SeRweva. magram isini iq ar Sedian da, analogiurad, ruseTis Zalebic ar

erevian imaSi, Tu rogor iyeneben dnestrispirelebi aerodromis maT

kuTvnil nawils.

341. rod-is gayvana unda dasrulebuliyo 2002 wlis dasasrulisaTvis. axla

am vadam 2003 wlis bolomde gadaiwia. am etapze xorcieldeboda kolbasnas

sawyobebSi arsebuli aRWurvilobis transportireba. saWiro iyo 69 gzis

ganxorcieleba

aRWurvilobisaTvis.

saWurvlisaTvis

xsenebuli

da

kidev

15

2003

gzisa

wlis

samxedro

bolomde

savaraudod

gagrZeldeboda. mowmem ganacxada, rom mas erCivna ar daesaxelebina gatanis

gaWianurebis mizezebi, radgan amasTan dakavSirebuli gancxadebis gakeTeba

gascdeboda

misi

kompetenciis

farglebs.

ganrigi

dadgenili

iyo

prezidentisa da Tavdacvis saministros mier. mowmes mxolod maTi

gadawyvetilebebi unda Seesrulebina.

ruseTSi gatana xorcieldeboda matarebliT da mxolod gamonaklis

SemTxvevebSi _ sahaero transportiT. bolos sahaero gziT aRWurviloba

1996 wels iqna gatanili, xsenebuli tvirTi tanksawinaaRmdego saWurveli

iyo. zogierTi iaraRi adgilze ganadgurda, magaliTad, javSanteqnika da

haersawinaaRmdego kompleqsebi. xsenebuli tipis sabrZolo iaraRis

ganadgurebis meTodi SeTanxmebuli iyo euTo-s eqspertebTan da amitom

euTo axorcielebs procesis monitorings. ganadgureba xorcieldeba im

meTodiT, romelic gamoricxavs mis Semdgom aRdgenas. 2002 wels

ganadgurda 108 tanki, axla ki iwyeboda haersawinaaRmdego sistemebis

ganadgureba.

342. mowmis TqmiT, dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebs iaraRis

gatanisas igi mxolod im dros ukavSirdeboda, Tuki amas konkretul

SemTxvevaSi ubrZanebdnen zemdgomi organoebi. process mudmivad xels

uSlian dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebi, magram amJamad maT

ikisres valdebuleba, eTanamSromlaT da gaetarebinaT transporti. rod-ma

`mdr~-s SesTavaza kompensacia gatanisaTvis rogorc valebis CamoweriT,

aseve arasamxedro daniSnulebis qonebis gadacemis gziT.

343.

euTo

atarebs

xolme

gankuTvnili

inspeqtirebas

im

adgilebSic,

ganTavsebuli,

sadac

da

transportirebisTvis

aRWurvilobaa

ruseTSic, daniSnulebis adgilzec. moldovis xelisuflebis organoebi

aseve zedamxedveloben process: pirvel rigSi, euTo-s meSveobiT, Semdeg,

rodesac

transporti

(matarebeli)

gadis

moldovidan,

ruseTis

xelisuflebis organoebi akonkreteben tvirTis saxeobas da raodenobas,

Semdeg ki tvirTis CamonaTvali egzavneba moldovis xelisuflebis

organoebs moldova-ukrainis sazRvris gadakveTaze.

344. rod-is personals gadaadgileba SeuZlia mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu

nebarTva gacemulia dnestrispirelebis mier. analogiuri nebarTvis gacemaa

saWiro saqonlisa da maragebis SemotanisaTvis. dnestrispirelebis mxridan

nebarTvaa

saWiroa,

agreTve,

rkinigzisa

da

saavtomobilo

gzebis

gamoyenebisaTvis rogorc tvirTis gatanisas, ise Semotanisas. rod-s

evaleba, warmoadginos marSrutis gegma, monawile moZravi saSualebebis

detalebiT. sxva SemTxvevaSi dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebi

apatimreben an ar atareben satransporto saSualebebs.

mowmis TqmiT, Cvenebis micemis droisaTvis dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis

organoebis mier sami avtomobili iyo ukanonod dakavebuli.

345. rod-i arasodes marTavda dnestrispireTis SeiaraRebul ZalebTan

erTobliv wvrTnebs.

346. rodesac warmoiSoboda dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebTan

dakavSirebis saWiroeba, moskovi specialur uflebamosilebas aniWebda

xolme mowmes, raTa is dakavSireboda romelime Tanamdebobis pirs

dnestrispireTis administraciaSi; dakonkretebuli iyo aseve am pirTa

vinaoba da gansjis sagani.

347. rod-s ar aklia samxedro maragebi da saWurveli da ar Semoaqvs raime

saxis axali SeiaraReba. sxva maragebi (magaliTad, sawvavi) Semodis

sxvadasxva adgilebidan – ukrainidan, poloneTidan an pirdapir ruseTidan.

mZime aRWurviloba (rogoric aris TviTmfrinavis nawilebi), romelic

saWiroebs SekeTebas, igzavneba ukan ruseTSi. xsenebuli ecnobeba

adgilobrivi xelisuflebis organoebs da ara moldovis centraluri

xelisuflebis

organoebs.

rod-i

yidulobs

garkveul

sakvebs

dnestrispireTis adgilobrivi mosaxleobisagan. is, rac Semodis sahaero

transportiT, gadis kontrols moldoveli mSvidobismyofelebis mxridan,

radgan 1992 wlis SeTanxmebis Tanaxmad swored isini arian pasuxismgebelni

sabaJo da sasazRvro kontrolze.

348. dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebi Tvlian, rom sabWoTa

kavSiris daSlis Semddeg me-14 armiis qonebis nawili, romelic

ganTavsebulia dnestrispireTSi, ekuTvniT maT. rod-i maT awvdis mxolod

arasamxedro daniSnulebis aRWurvilobas. xsenebuli ar moicavs iaraRs,

saWurvels

aRWurviloba,

eqskavatorebi,

an

javSanteqnikas,

es

aris

tipis

karvebi,

mxolod

sainJinro

sayofacxovrebo

aRWurviloba,

manqanebi,

sawvavis

garkveuli

cisternebi,

generatorebi

da

a.S.

gadacemamde CamonaTvali mtkicdeba Tavdacvis saministrosa da saxelmwifo

qonebis saministros mier moskovSi. dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis

organoebs arasodes gasdacemiaT tankebi.

349. 1992 wels samxedro meTauri tiraspolSi mixail bergmani iyo, igi

xelmZRvanelobda

daxuruli struqtura iyo, romelsac gaaCnda konkretuli samxedro

amocanebi. komendatura ganTavsebuli iyo rod-is Stabbinidan

komendaturas.

xsenebuli

dros

armiis

Stabbina

gancalkevebulad da mas ekisreboda mravali administraciuli amocanis

Sesruleba, rogoric aris Camosuli axali mosamsaxureebis registracia,

Svebulebebisa da gaTavisuflebis registracia, mivlineba da a.S. igi 24

saaTis

ganmavlobaSi

muSaobda

da

hqonda

samxedro

kavSirebi.

komendaturaSi aseve iyo samxedro policia da sapatimro saknebi.

komendaturis Senoba ganTavsebuli iyo Stabbinidan 1 km-is daSorebiT.

daaxloebiT sami wlis win Senoba gadaeca dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis

organoebs.

350. me-14 armia Seiqmna 1956 wels, rogorc odesis samxedro olqis nawili.

Stabbina ganTavsebuli iyo kiSiniovSi, magram 1986 Tu 1988 wels sameTauro

centri gadatanili iqna tiraspolSi. armia ganTavsebuli iyo rogorc

ukrainis,

aseve

moldaveTis

sabWoTa

socialisturi

respublikebis

teritoriebze. armiis arc erTi danayofi ar yofila odesme ganTavsebuli

ruseTis teritoriaze. ukrainis ssr-s teritoriaze ganTavsebuli iyo

sahaero-sadesanto Zalebi. armia gadanawilda Semdegnairad: yvelaferi is,

rac iyo moldovis teritoriaze, gadaeca moldovas, dnestris marcxena

sanapiroze mdebare aRWurvilobis garda, romelic ruseTs darCa. 1991 wlis

dekembris Semdeg armia cota xnis ganmavlobaSi ekuTvnoda dsT-s

SeiaraRebul Zalebs. 1992 wlis 1 aprils armiis mepatrone ruseTi gaxda.

1991 wlis Semdeg me-14 armiis sardali b-ni lebedi iyo. xsenebuli drois

Semdeg me-14 armias gadaerqva saxeli da ewoda rod-i; Semdeg is generalma

netkaCovma Caibara. Cvenebis micemis droisaTvis mowme iyo rod-is sardali.

generlebi iakovlevi da netkaCovi msaxurobdnen sabWoTa armiaSi, magram

arasodes yofilan ruseTis axali SeiaraRebuli Zalebis wevrebi.

mowmem ar icoda raime 1993 wels general lebedis dnestrispireTis

parlamentSi arCevis Sesaxeb. tiraspolis Semdeg igi dainiSna uSiSroebis

sabWos mdivnad moskovSi.

351. rod-is formas saxeloze hqonda Tavdacvis saministros mier 1994 wels

SemoRebuli niSani. 1988 wlidan xsenebul dromde formas hqonda saxelosa

da samxreebze ganTavsebuli niSani sabWoTa armiis abreviaturiT. mowme

acxadebda, rom miuxedavad imisa, rom niSnebi gansxvavebuli iyo, mas ar

SeuZlia imis Tqma, SeeZlo Tu ara isini ganesxvavebina maT Semxedvares.

352. rod-i atarebs erTobliv wvrTnebs moldovis SeiaraRebul ZalebTan

centralur moldovaSi, magram arasodes Cautarebia erToblivi wvrTnebi

dnestrispireTis ZalebTan.

TanamSromloba moldovasTan xorcieldeba dsT-s CarCoebSi, samxedro

TanamSromlobis SeTanxmebebis safuZvelze. mowmem ganacxada, rom mas

hqonda regularuli Sexvedrebi da satelefono kavSirebi moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebTan

–

Tavdacvis saministrosTan, prezidentis

administraciis xelmZRvanelTan. magram igi arasodes Sexvedria smirnovs.

353. mowme eqvemdebareboda moskovis samxedro olqis meTaurs, kadrebis

ganyofilebis ufrossa da Tavdacvis saministros. SeiaraRebul ZalebSi

SesaZlebelia ruseTis mamrobiTi sqesis 18 welze ufrosi moqalaqeebis

gawveva, miuxedavad imisa, mudmivad cxovroben Tu ara isini ruseTSi. rod-s

hyavs gawveulebi moskovis samxedro olqidan. mowme acxadebda, rom man ar

icoda im 400 piris Sesaxeb, romlebic, rogorc Cans, gawveulni iyvnen

dnestrispireTSi 2000 wlis TebervalSi.

354. jariskacebs, romlebic icaven sawyobebs, eZlevaT ganmarteba, Tu ra

dros SeuZliaT cecxlis gaxsna. arasodes damdgara dRis wesrigSi

moldovis jarebisaTvis cecxlis gaxsnis sakiTxi.

31. polkovniki aleqsandr verguzi

355. mowme daibada 1960 wlis 24 noembers tiraspolSi. 1999 wlis aprilidan

igi iyo rod-is meTauris moadgile saganmanaTleblo dargSi.

356.

2002

wels

moxda

sami

SemTxveva,

rodesac

dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis organoebma aiyvanes rod-is maragiT datvirTuli manqanebi

da ukanonod hyavdaT isini gaCerebuli.

357. dnestrispireTSi rod-is mTavar funqcias warmoadgenda rod-is ZalebSi

marTlwesrigis dacva; igi ar ereoda politikur sakiTxebSi. rod-i

ganTavsebuli iyo ruseTis teritoriis farglebs gareT da dakavebuli iyo

mxolod im sakiTxebiT, romlebic warmoiSoboda rod-is SigniT. rod-is

umTavres funqcias warmoadgenda iaraRisa da saWurvlis sawyobebis dacva

da samxedro personalis gawvrTna. samSvidobo Zalebis amocana

_

usafrTxoebis zonaSi marTlwesrigis SenarCuneba _ mimarTuli iyo `gare

samyarosaken~, magram samSvidoboebi ar iyvnen rod-is nawili; es calke

Zalebi iyo.

358. mowme tiraspolSi msaxurobda 1992 wlidan. 1992 wlis ivnisSi moxda

brZolebi bendersa da dubasariSi, magram ara tiraspolSi, ase rom igi ar

Seswrebia brZolebs. mowme aseve acxadebda, rom ruseTis samxedro Zalebi

mkacr neitralitets inarCunebdnen da ar monawileobdnen brZolebSi. man

ar icoda tankebis Sesaxeb, romlebic monawileobas iRebdnen konfliqtSi.

359. adgili ar hqonia iaraRis gadacemas, magram iaraRi Zalis gamoyenebiT

iqna

gatacebuli,

radgan

xalxi

ajanyebuli

iyo.

es

ar

iyo

gaTvaliswinebuli. movidnen bavSvebi da qalebi, Cumad SemoiWrnen da

gaitaces iaraRi. im jariskacebma, romlebsac evalebodaT iaraRis dacva,

savaraudod ver gauxsnes cecxli qalebsa da bavSvebs. situacia marTlac

rom gansakuTrebuli iyo. adamianebi, romlebmac xsenebuli Caidines,

TavzexelaRebulni iyvnen: mimdinareobda omi da maT sWirdebodaT TavianTi

saxlebis dacva. gamoyenebuli iqna aseve satvirTo manqanebi naRmebiT

dacul sawyobebSi SesaWrelad. situaciis uaRresad daZabvis gareSe

SeuZlebeli iyo gatacebuli iaraRis dabruneba. SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis

dawyebamde adgili ar hqonia iaraRis datacebas.

360. iaraRis dataceba Sefasebuli iqna yaCaRobad anu qurdobad da aRiZra

samarTalwarmoeba yoveli incidentis gamosaZieblad. mowme acxadebda, rom

man ar icoda xsenebuli sisxlis samarTalwarmoebis Sedegebis Sesaxeb.

361. 1992 wels komendanti mixail bergmani iyo. komendaturis Senoba

ganTavsebuli iyo kirpiCnis quCaze, Stabbinidan daaxloebiT

daSorebiT. im dros Senoba ruseTis samxedro Zalebis sruli kontrolis

qveS imyofeboda da SenobiT ar sargeblobdnen dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis organoebi.

1

km-is

32. vice-polkovniki vitalius radzaeviCusi

362. mowme daibada vitebskSi, belorusiaSi. man Tanamdeboba datova 2002

wlis dekemberSi; xsenebul periodamde igi iyo rod-is samxedro dazvervis

ufrosi oficeri. regionSi igi msaxurobda 1993 wlis Tebervlis Semdeg. mis

movaleobaSi Sedioda informaciis Segroveba da sadazvervo jgufebis

momzadeba.

363. dnestrispireTSi transportis moZraoba siZneles warmoadgenda.

axlaxans ruseTSi gagzavnili sami avtomanqana iqna dapatimrebuli. rod-s

ar gaaCnda kontaqtebi arc dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebTan da

arc maT sadazvervo samsaxurebTan. mowmis movaleobaSi ar Sedioda arc

moldovis sadazvervo samsaxurebTan Sexvedra.

364. olga Capatina msaxurobda rod-Si olga suslinas saxeliT. mowmis

azriT, igi smirnovis agenti iyo.

365. mowmem uaryo, rom dnestrispireTSi odesme ganTavsebuli iyvnen

sazRvao fexosnebi an fsb-s `alfa~ jgufi.

33. polkovniki anatoli zaicevi

366. mowme daibada 1953 wels ruseTSi, kalugis regionSi. igi msaxurobda

tiraspolSi 2002 wlis ianvridan; xsenebul dromde igi msaxurobda

moskovis samxedro olqSi.

367. Sereuli samSvidobo Zalebi daarsda moldovisa da ruseTis

prezidentebs Soris 1992 wels dadebuli SeTanxmebis safuZvelze. ruseTis

mxaris samSvidobo ZalebSi Sedioda 294 adamiani, 29 manqana da 264

avtomati. samSvidobo Zalebs aseve gaaCndaT 17 javSanmanqana, romlebic

ganTavsebuli iyo samSvidobo Zalebis postebze da gamoiyeneboda

komunikaciis mizniT. avtomatebi iyo `kalaSnikovis~ tipis da aseve iyo

`makarovis~ sistemis pistoletebi; samSvidobo Zalebs ar hqondaT mZime

SeiaraReba,

rogoric

aris

yumbarmtyorcnebi,

tyviamfrqvevebi,

tanksawinaaRmdego Wurvebi da sxv. samSvidobo Zalebis yvela manqana da

mosamsaxure atarebda specialur amosacnob niSnebs. maT ufleba hqondaT,

Tavisuflad

emoZravaT,

rogorc

es

1992

wlis

SeTanxmebiT

iyo

gaTvaliswinebuli. ruseTis samSvidobo Zalebi da rod-i erTmaneTisgan

absoluturad damoukideblad moqmedebdnen. samSvidobo Zalebis ufrosi

Tanamdebobebi rus oficrebs ekavaT. 1992 wlidan dRemde ruseTis

samSvidobo Zalebis meTauris posti arasodes daukavebia vinmes rod-is

Semadgenlobidan; meTauri mudam moskovidan iyo xolme. TavianTi

funqciebis ganxorcielebisas samSvidobo Zalebi ar TanamSromlobdnen

rod-Tan.

368. samSvidobo Zalebis movaleobas warmoadgenda usafrTxoebis zonaSi

iaraRis, feTqebadi masalebisa da narkotikebis gadatanis aRkveTa.

moldovisa

da

dnestrispireTis

Zalebi

pasuxismgebelni

iyvnen

monitoringze da Sesabamisi mxareebis destruqciuli Zalebis qmedebaTa

aRkveTaze. 1992-1993 wlebSi samSvidobo Zalebis amocanebi sxva iyo da

moicavda SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis SeCerebas, brZolaSi monawile

mxareebis daSoriSorebas, ganiaraRebas da marTlwesrigis aRdgenas. am

etapze samSvidobo Zalebi icavdnen mSvidobas da axorcielebdnen

SeTanxmebaTa Sesrulebis monitorings.

369. mowmis uSualo zemdgomi organo iyo Sereuli sakontrolo komisia,

romelic Seiqmna 1992 wlis imave SeTanxmebiT. Sereuli sakontrolo

komisiis

federaciidan, erTi moldovis respublikidan da erTic dnestrispireTis

regionidan. yovel mxares hyavda warmomadgeneli sagareo saqmeTa

SemadgenlobaSi

Sedioda

sami

delegacia:

erTi

ruseTis

6

saministrodan, Tavdacvis saministrodan, Sinagan saqmeTa saministrodan da

uSiSroebis saministrodan. arsebobda, agreTve, erToblivi samxedro

meTauroba, romelic pasuxismgebeli iyo samSvidobo Zalebze. 1996 wlis

Semdeg Sereuli sakontrolo komisiis muSaobaSi monawileobas iRebda

samxedro damkvirvebelTa jgufi ukrainidan. yvela gadawyvetileba

miiReboda sam mxaresa da ukrainas Soris miRweuli konsensusis

safuZvelze. samSvidobo Zalebi emyarebodnen wevrebs Soris amocanebisa da

pasuxismgeblobebis Tanabari gayofis princips. Sereuli sakontrolo

komisia TanamSromlobda euTo-sTan.

34. vice-polkovniki boris levicki

370. mowme daibada 1961 wlis 31 maiss ruseTSi, novgorodis regionSi. igi

iyo me-80 samxedro garnizonis sasamarTlos Tavmjdomare. Cvenebis micemis

droisaTvis igi msaxurobda xsenebul Tanamdebobaze 2000 wlis Semdeg.

mowme

iyo

sasamarTlos

Tavmjdomare

da

erTaderTi

mosamarTle.

garnizonis meore mosamarTlis Tanamdeboba vakanturia. mowme ixilavda

administraciul, samoqalaqo da sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebs, iseve,

rogorc samxedro disciplinarul gadacdomebs. rogorc samxedro

mosamarTle, igi eqvemdebareboda uzenaesi sasamarTlos marTlmsajulebis

departaments da ara rod-s an rod-is meTaurebs an Tavdacvis Tu

iusticiis saministroebs.

samxedro sasamarTlo, romelic arsebobda dnestrispireTSi me-14 armiis

dros, gadayvanili iqna ruseTis federaciis iurisdiqciaSi imave dros, ra

drosac armia. aseTi sasamarTloebi warmoadgens ruseTis federaciis

samarTlebrivi sistemis nawils. rogorc ruseTis samxedro sasamarTlos,

mas gaaCnia iurisdiqcia mxolod ruseTis moqalaqeebze

–

rod-is

mosamsaxureebsa da samoqalaqo personalze. sasamarTlos ar gaaCnia

iurisdiqcia sxva adamianebze, magaliTad, adgilobriv mosaxleobaze,

dnestrispireTis miliciaze da a.S. samxedro sakuTrebis moparvis

SemTxvevaSi sasamarTlos eqneba iurisdiqcia ruseTis moqalaqeze, romelic

msaxurobs dnestrispireTSi, magram Tu eWvmitanili dnestrispirelia,

xsenebuli Seva adgilobrivi sasamarTloebis kompetenciaSi. nebismier

SemTxvevaSi rod-is samxedro sasamarTlos tiraspolSi ar eqneba

SesaZlebloba, ganixilos aseTi situacia. mowmis TqmiT, mas ar Sexvedria

raime saqme, romelic dakavSirebuli iqneboda iaraRisa da saWurvlis

qurdobasTan an ukanono gadacemasTan.

371. rod-s ar gaaCnia uSualo kavSiri moldovis an dnestrispireTis

marTlmsajulebis organoebTan. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu vinme moaxerxebda

moldovis teritoriaze Tavis Sefarebas, rod-i moiTxovda am adamianis

eqstradirebas moskovidan Tavdacvis saministrosa da sagareo saqmeTa

saministros saSualebiT, romlebic, Tavis mxriv, mimarTavdnen kiSiniovis

xelisuflebis organoebs.

mowme

dabrkolebebs

acxadebda,

rom

dnestrispireTis

rod-is samxedro

xelisuflebis

personalis

organoebi

moZraobas.

uqmnidnen

magaliTad, erTxel igi gaaCeres misi kuTvnili manqaniT, rodesac

kolbasnaSi midioda da xeli SeuSales iq moxvedraSi.

35. vice-polkovniki valeri Samaevi

372. mowme daibada 1966 wlis 9 ivniss ruseTSi, iaroslavlSi. igi dainiSna

14101-e samxedro SenaerTis prokurorad 2002 wlis aprilSi da amJamadac am

Tanamdebobazea; xsenebul dromde igi iyo moskovis regionis samxedro

prokuroris moadgile. Cvenebis micemis droisaTvis igi gadahyavdaT sxva

Tanamdebobaze moskovis regionSi.

373. rogorc 14101-e samxedro SenaerTis prokurori, mowme uSualod iyo

pasuxismgebeli moskovis samxedro olqis samxedro prokuroris winaSe.

moskovis regionis ufros prokurors ar SeeZlo misTvis ebrZanebina

gamoZiebis konkretuli xaziT warmarTva, Tumca mas SeeZlo imis aRniSvna,

rom mowme ar misdevda swor proceduras. samxedro prokurorebi ar

emorCilebodnen

rod-is

meTaurobas

da

ar

ekisraT

mis

winaSe

pasuxismgebloba. rod-is meTaurs ar SeeZlo maTTvis instruqciebis micema.

mowmis movaleobaSi Sedioda rod-Si kanonis dacva da im sisxlis

samarTlis danaSaulebis gamoZieba, romlebic Cadenili iyo rod-is

personalis da ara adgilobrivi samoqalaqo pirebis mier. mowmes ar hqonia

SeiaraRebis an aRWurvilobis qurdobis, yaCaRobisa Tu ukanono gadacemis

SemTxvevebi.

374. rod-is samxedro prokurorebs zogadad ar gaaCniaT pirdapiri

kontaqtebi arc moldovis da arc dnestrispireTis marTlmsajulebis

organoebTan. mowmes ar miuRia raime specialuri instruqciebi, Tu rogor

unda eTanamSromla dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebTan.

erTaderTi SemTxveva, romelic ase Tu ise gulisxmobda TanamSromlobas,

moxda 2002 wels. rod-is jariskaci da ramdenime arasrulwlovani

eWvmitanilni iyvnen moxuci adamianis cemaSi, romelic gardaicvala.

tiraspolis samarTaldamcavma organoebma gadasces mowmes garkveuli

dokumentacia, romlis Tanaxmadac rod-is erT-erT mosamsaxures SesaZloa

monawileoba

mieRo

xsenebul

incidentSi.

mowmem

aRZra

gamoZieba

jariskacis winaaRmdeg da gamoiZaxa ramdenime samoqalaqo piri mowmis

saxiT. ase rom rod-i minimalur doneze TanamSromlobda dnestrispireTis

samarTaldamcav organoebTan da es TanamSromloba gulisxmobda mxolod

satelefono kavSirsa da mowmeTa moZebnas.

vinaidan

pirebisaTvis, mas ar aRuZravs samarTalwarmoeba maT winaaRmdeg, magram

adgilobrivma sagamoZiebo organoebma aRZres saqme adgilobrivi

mowmes

ar

wauyenebia

braldeba

xsenebuli

samoqalaqo

eWvmitanilebis winaaRmdeg dnestrispireTis sasamarTloebis winaSe. mowmem

ar icoda raime TanamSromlobis sxva SemTxvevebis Sesaxeb.

375. mowmis TqmiT, rod-is personals araviTari problema ar eqmneboda

dnestrispireTSi gadaadgilebisas; mas piradad SeeZlo Tavisuflad

emoZrava Tavisi manqaniT. maT aseve SeeZloT Tavisuflad gadasuliyvnen

mdinaris meore napirze, maTi zemdgomi oficris nebarTviT.

376. mowmem icoda im sami manqanis Sesaxeb, romlebic ukanonod iyo

dakavebuli dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis organoebis mier. aranairi

gamoZieba ar yofila warmarTuli xsenebul saqmesTan dakavSirebiT, radgan

samxedro prokurors gaaCnia iurisdiqcia mxolod ruseTis samxedro

personalze. mowmem icoda, rom meTauroba awarmoebda molaparakebebs

xsenebuli avtomobilebis dabrunebasTan dakavSirebiT. analogiurad,

dnestrispireTis miliciis mier ruseTis armiidan iaraRis moparvac ar

Sedioda mowmis kompetenciaSi. igi xsenebuls im SemTxvevaSi gamoiZiebda,

Tu

gaurkveveli

iqneboda,

vin

Caidina

qurdoba,

magram

radgan

mtkicebulebebiT dadasturebuli iyo, rom es gaakeTes dnestrispirelebma,

mas aRar SeeZlo xsenebul saqmeSi monawileoba. zemoxsenebul SemTxvevaSi

mowme gaagzavnida saqmes moskovSi, saidanac daukavSirdebodnen moldovis

sagamoZiebo organoebs Semdgomi gamoZiebis warmarTvisaTvis. ruseTis

personalis dumiliT gamoxatuli Tanxmoba Tu daudevroba, ramac

gaaadvila qurdoba, moxvdeboda mowmis iurisdiqciaSi, magram mowme

arasodes aRmoCenila aseTi situaciis winaSe da ar gaaCnda informacia, Tu

ra moxda im momentamde, sanam igi am Tanamdebobaze dainiSneboda.

377. mowmes ar SeeZlo uSualod dakavSireboda moldovis xelisuflebis

organoebs, Tuki ar eqneboda specialuri nebarTva.

36. vasili timoSenko

378. mowme daibada 1941 wlis 3 seqtembers ukrainaSi, kirovogradSi. Cvenebis

micemis droisaTvis igi gadamdgari iyo. 1982 wlis seqtembridan 2002 wlis

aprilamde mas ekava me-14 armiis, Semdeg ki rod-is samxedro prokuroris

Tanamdeboba.

379. me-14 armiis Stabbina kiSiniovidan tiraspolSi 1984 wels gadavida.

mowmis

samuSaos

warmoadgenda

me-14

armiaSi

kanonierebis

dacva.

iurisdiqcia vrceldeboda mxolod samxedroebze – adre me-14 armiaSi,

xolo axla rod-Si momsaxure personalze – da ara samoqalaqo pirebze an

dnestrispireTis miliciaze. Tuki rus samxedros Tavs daesxmeboda

dnestrispireli samoqalaqo piri, amas gamoiZiebdnen dnestrispireTis

sagamoZiebo

organoebi.

praqtikaSi

dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis

organoebi mudam damoukideblad muSaobdnen da ar iTxovdnen rusebis

monawileobas. rod-is samxedro prokurori zogadad iZiebda samxedro

personalis Tanamonawileobas, maT Soris iseT garemoebebSi, rodesac

qurdoba ganxorcielda samoqalaqo pirebis mier, da Tuki sakmarisi

mtkicebulebebi iqneboda samxedro piris Tanamonawileobisa, mowme

aRZravda gamoZiebas. dnestrispireTis miliciis mier ruseTis samxedro

mosamsaxuris TanamonawileobiT armiis qonebis qurdobis SemTxvevaSi rod-

is samxedro prokurors SeeZlo gamoeZiebina es ukanaskneli, magram ara

danaSaulSi mxolod dnestrispirelTa monawileobis SemTxveva. mSvidobis

Jams aseTi SemTxveva ar momxdara. rod-is samxedro prokurori iZiebda

saqmeebs personalis winaaRmdeg, rodesac ruseTis samxedro bazidan

gatanili iqna SeiaraReba da aRWurviloba, magram es mxolod konfliqtis

dros moxda. 1991-1992 wlebis konfliqtis dros adgili ar hqonia me-14

armiis samxedro personalis mier gareSe pirTaTvis aRWurvilobis

miwodebas.

380. komendaturis SenobaSi iyo sapatimro saknebi. komendaturaze

zedamxedvelobas axorcielebda prokuratura da igi aseve eqvemdebareboda

me-14 armiis garnizonis meTaurs. iq ar xdeboda samoqalaqo pirebis

dakaveba. komendatura daiSala 1996 wels da axla iq dnestrispireTis

prokuraturaa ganTavsebuli.

381. mowmem ganmcxadebelTa dakaveba da patimroba Semdegnairad aRwera:

rodesac gaCaRda konfliqti, regionSi moqmedeba daiwyo teroristebis

jgufma, es iyo dajgufeba `bujori~. mokles zogierTi cnobili adamiani,

magaliTad, gusari, dnestrispireTis miliciis wevri, ostapenko da sxvebi

da maTi dasaflaveba gadaizarda masobriv demonstraciebSi. xsenebuli

pirebi mokla saxalxo frontis Tavmjdomarem ilaSkum da garemoebebi,

romlebSic xsenebuli pirebi iqnen moklulni da damwvarni, kargad iyo

cnobili mTeli qalaqisaTvis.

amitom dnestrispireTis prokurorma b-nma Carievma general lebeds mimarTa

TxovniT, teroristebi droebiT ganeTavsebinaT samxedro bazaze, raTa

Tavidan yofiliyo acilebuli saxalxo SurisZieba maT mimarT. generalma

lebedma uari Tqva xsenebuli nebarTvis gacemaze. mowmem, rogorc

prokurorma, Seamowma saknebi. man aRniSna, rom erT-erT frTaSi iyo sami

Tu oTxi gancalkevebuli sakani da rod-is eskortisa da mcvelebis

nacvlad iq iyo dnestrispireTis policia. iq aseve iyo im frTaSi calke

Sesasvleli, sadac ganmcxadeblebi iyvnen moTavsebulni. mixail bergmanma

ganucxada mowmes, rom man gasca nebarTva rod-is saknebSi teroristebis

droebiT ganTavsebaze, raTa brbosagan daculi yofiliyo maTi sicocxle

da janmrTeloba. mowmem yuradReba gaamaxvila im faqtze, rom man daarRvia

disciplinaruli wesebi da saknebi dauyovnebliv unda gaTavisuflebuliyo,

razec mixail bergmanma uari ganacxada. mowmem amis Sesaxeb acnoba general

lebeds, romelic Zalian gabrazda b-n bergmanze. meore dRes mowme wavida

bergmanis sanaxavad, raTa gamoeyenebina Tavisi uflebamosileba da

gamoesworebina darRveva. magram saknebi ukve gaTavisuflebuli iyo.

ganmcxadeblebi xsenebul saknebSi sul erTi Tu ori dRe iyvnen.

bergmanma dauSva Secdoma, rodesac samoqalaqo pirebis komendaturaSi

dapatirebis neba darTo da aseve neba misca dnestrispireTis milicias, iq

ewarmoebina

maTi

dacva

da

dakiTxva.

aranairi

disciplinaruli

samarTalwarmoeba ar aRZrula bergmanis winaaRmdeg, radgan es iyo mcire

mniSvnelobis disciplinaruli darRveva, romelic dauyovnebliv iqna

gamosworebuli.

382. ganmcxadeblebi moldovis xelisuflebis organoebs gasasamarTleblad

imitom ar gadasces, rom maSin saomari mdgomareoba iyo. ganmcxadeblebs

xelebi sisxlSi hqondaT gasvrili da imisaTvis, rac Caidines, isini

marTlmsajulebi

winaSe

unda

warmdgariyvnen.

ganmcxadeblebi

rom

gaeTavisuflebinaT,

aravin

icoda,

daisjebodnen

Tu

ara

isini.

mosaxleobaSi emociebi mZvinvarebda.

383. sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdeg me-14 armia gayofili iqna ukrainas,

moldovasa da ruseTs Soris. moldovam da ukrainam miiRes satanko

polkebi. sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdeg bevri oficeri, romlebsac ar

surdaT moldovis an ukrainis jarebSi samsaxuri an iq ficis miReba,

gaTavisufldnen da Camovidnen dnestrispireTSi. situacia Zalze cvalebadi

iyo. bunebrivia, yoveli jariskaci iZulebuli iyo, efiqra Tavis Tavze.

orma batalionma ar SeinarCuna loialuroba da SeuerTda dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebis organoebs. xsenebuli xdeboda dsT-s periodSi. araviTari

kanonmdebloba xsenebul situaciasTan dakavSirebiT im droisaTvis ar

arsebobda. es uaRresad rTuli periodi iyo yvelasaTvis

ruseTisTvisac ki.

–

TviT

1992 wlis 1 aprils prezidentma elcinma gamoacxada, rom me-14 armia

ruseTis iurisdiqciaSi Sedis. amas Semdeg situacia Cawynarda da

analogiuri

faqtebi,

iseve,

rogorc

rusi

samxedro

personalis

dnestrispirelTa mxareze gadasvla aRar xdeboda. Tumca im samxedroebs,

romelTac surdaT moldovaSi dabruneba, SeeZloT amis gakeTeba.

384. ruseTis armiis saxelos niSani da samxre SemoRebuli iqna 1994 wels;

xsenebul dromde formebze sabWoTa kavSiris abreviatura iyo gamosaxuli.

1992 wlidan dnestrispirelebi TavianT droSasa da simboloebs iyenebdnen.

385. adgili ar hqonia ruseTis mier moldovis okupacias. tragediis

umTavres mizezs warmoadgenda qaosuri situacia, romelic Tan axlda

sabWoTa kavSiris daSlas. SeiaraRebuli konfliqti daiwyo 1990 wels,

rodesac moldovaSi miRebuli iqna enasTan dakavSirebuli axali

kanonmdebloba.

situacia

dnestrispireTSi

Zalian

daiZaba.

xSirad

gaigonebdiT slogans `moldova ekuTvniT moldovelebs~. b-nma ilaSkum

gamosca brZaneba #6, romelic gamoqveynda 1990 wlis seqtemberSi da maSinve

SiSi warmoSva dnestrispireTis mosaxleobaSi. xsenebulis Semdeg xalxma

regionis datoveba daiwyo. da swored am `brZanebis~ Semdeg ganviTarda

tragikuli movlenebi. ilaSkus jgufma didi ziani miayena xalxs da

aRvivebda eTnikur konfliqts. jgufi `bujori~ emzadeboda adgilobrivi

parlamentis Senobis asafeTqeblad; am mizniT jgufma didi raodenobiT

asafeTqebeli masala Semoitana. qveyanaSi Seqmnili rTuli situaciisa da

teroristTa dajgufebis qmedebebis gamo bevrma oficerma, maT Soris

mowmemac, gaxizna ojaxebi. mowmem Tavisi ojaxi ukrainaSi gaagzavna.

386. 1992 wels konfliqtis dawyebis Semdeg rod-i inarCunebda karg

urTierTobebs moldovel samxedroebTan. rodesac me-14 armiis teritoria

benderTan axlos dabomba moldovis mxarem, mowmem daureka moldovelebs

telefoniT, raTa ecnobebina, rom maT rod-s dauSines cecxli. amis Semdeg

ruseTis jarebma aRZres gamoZieba dabombvasTan dakavSirebiT. saqme

gaigzavna moldovaSi Semdgomi gamoZiebis mizniT, magram iqidan araviTari

pasuxi ar mosula.

387. arc me-14 armias da arc mis tankebs monawileoba ar miuRiaT

SeiaraRebul konfliqtSi. adgili hqonda incidents, rodesac

dnestrispirelebma gaitaces ori tanki da waiyvanes xidisaken. ruseTis

Zalebi cdilobdnen maT SeCerebas da moldovis mxarem aafeTqa erT-erTi

jariskaci.

388. mowmes arasodes smenia 40 uiaraRo moldovelis Sesaxeb, romlebic

mokles benderis misadgomebTan. magram man icoda saswrafo daxmarebis

manqanis Sesaxeb, romelic dacxriles moldovis SeiaraRebulma Zalebma. am

Tavdasxmis dros daiRupnen orsuli qali da eqTani. man aseve icoda sxva

saSinelebebic, romlebic Caidines moldovis Zalebma – magaliTad, erTi

Tvis Semdeg momxdari incidenti, rodesac moldovis Zalebma dabombes

dasaxlebuli

punqtebi.

moldovis

TviTmfrinavebma

dabombes

dnestrispireTis sanapiroze mdebare qalaqi parCani. im droisaTvis iq ar

iyo ruseTis aviacia, mxolod Sveulmfrenebi imyofebodnen.

389. mowmem ar icoda im incidentebis Sesaxeb, rodesac me-14 armia

dnestrispireTis xelisuflebas da dnestrispirel moqalaqeebs iaraRiT

amaragebda. me-14 armia inarCunebda mTel mis samxedro aRWurvilobas;

arafris gadacema ar momxdara. 1991-1992 wlebis ganmavlobaSi samxedro

qonebis aranair qurdobas ar hqonia adgili. moxda qonebis datacebis oTxi

SemTxveva konfliqtis dasawyisSi. mowmem xsenebuli saqmeebi gadaugzavna

dnestrispireTis prokurors, radgan SeuZlebeli iyo saqmis masalebis

gagzavna moldovis xelisuflebis organoebisaTvis.

390. mowme icnobda general kostas, moldovis `dosaafis~ (`keTili nebiT

Seqmnili gaerTianeba armiis, aviaciisa da flotis daxmarebisaTvis~) yofil

xelmZRvanels. moldovis `dosaafs~ hqonda mravali samxedro aRWurviloba

savarjiSod – TviTmfrinavebi, tankebi, javSanmanqanebi da sxv. mas hqonda

aseve sakmao gamocdileba imis swavlebaSi, Tu rogor unda imarTos tanki,

rogor unda ganxorcieldes paraSutiT xtoma, rogor unda moxdes

zarbaznis

gasrola

da

gadatenva

da

a.S.

moldovis

`dosaafma~

aRWurviloba dautova moldovas, xolo dnestrispireTSi arsebuli nawili

adgilobrivi xelisuflebis xelSi moxvda.

391. mowme piradad icnobda b-n nosovs, mTavari samxedro prokuroris

pirvel moadgiles, magram araferi icoda imis Sesaxeb, rom b-ni nosovi

Camovida tiraspolSi 1996 wels. misi azriT, adgili rom hqonoda b-ni

nosovis mxridan raime gamoZiebis Catarebas, mas amis Sesaxeb acnobebdnen an

isic monawileobas miiRebda gamoZiebaSi. mowme sadavos xdida 1996 wlis 30

agvistos moxsenebis arsebobas da dokumentis avTenturobas.

37. vladimir molojeni

392. mowme iyo moldovis mTavrobis sainformacio teqnologiebis

departamentis generaluri direqtori. es Tanamdeboba mas ori wlis

ganmavlobaSi ekava. xsenebul dromde igi iyo im departamentis ufrosi,

romelic pasuxismgebeli iyo samoqalaqo dokumentaciaze Sinagan saqmeTa

saministroSi. 1991 da 1992 wlebSi igi iyo Sinagan saqmeTa ministris

moadgile.

393. mowmis departamenti gascems pasportebs da mis funqciaSi Sedis

moldovis moqalaqeTa registracia. rac Seexeba dnestrispireTSi mcxovreb

adamianebs, maTze gaicema dokumentebi, romelTa Tanaxmadac isini moldovis

moqalaqeebi

arian.

moldovis

moqalaqeebis

registracia

jer

ar

gavrcelebula yvela moqalaqeze, radgan es aris aTwliani programa,

romelic 2005 wlamde unda gagrZeldes. moqalaqeebma, romlebsac surT

pasportis aReba, unda mimarTon sapasporto ganyofilebebs, romlebic

qveyanaSi sxvadasxva adgilas mdebareobs. xsenebuli dnestrispireTis

moqalaqeebsac exeba. oficialurad ar arsebobs cneba `dnestrispireTis

pasporti~. dadis Worebi, rom dagegmilia misi SemoReba. moldovis

departaments ara aqvs araviTari urTierToba dnestrispireTis mxaresTan

pasportebis gacemasTan dakavSirebiT.

394. departaments ar gaaCnia monacemebi dnestrispireTSi mcxovrebi

ruseTis moqalaqeebis raodenobasTan dakavSirebiT, Tumca moldovaSi

mcxovrebi ucxo qveynis moqalaqeebi unda daemorCilon moldovis

kanonmdeblobas da unda gaiaron registracia. departaments ar gaaCnia

oficialuri monacemebi imis Sesaxeb, flobs Tu ara smirnovi ruseTis

pasports, Tumca xsenebuls amtkiceben gazeTebi. departaments aqvs mxolod

is informacia, romelsac iRebs regionuli ofisebidan da ruseTis

sakonsulo organoebidan.

nebismieri adamiani, romelsac surs ruseTis pasportis aReba an ganaxleba,

unda mivides ruseTis saelCoSi. moldovis xelT arsebuli monacemebis

Tanaxmad, moldovaSi 1000-ze meti ruseTis moqalaqe cxovrobs. magram

xsenebuli monacemebi ar vrceldeba dnestrispireTze. departaments

arasodes mouTxovia ruseTis saelCosaTvis aseTi informaciis gamogzavna,

Tumca departamenti kargad TanamSromlobs ruseTis saelCosTan da

rodesac sWirdeba raime informacia, ugzavnis ruseTis saelCos oficialur

Txovnas.

mowmem aRniSna, rom Cvenebis micemis droisaTvis moldovis kanonmdeblobis

Tanaxmad adamians SeuZlia mxolod erTi qveynis moqalaqeoba. Sesabamisad,

im SemTxvevaSi, Tu moldovis moqalaqe iRebda sxva qveynis moqalaqeobas,

mas unda miemarTa TxovniT departamentisaTvis, raTa am ukanasknels

gaeuqmebina

misi

moldovis

moqalaqeoba.

gamonaklis

SemTxvevebSi,

prezidentis gankargulebis Tanaxmad, moldovis moqalaqes SeeZlo hqonoda

ormagi moqalaqeoba. mxolod moldovis moqalaqeebs SeeZloT emuSavaT

sajaro samsaxurSi da yofiliyvnen sajaro moxeleebi.

395. telefonebi, rogorc Cveulebrivi, aseve mobiluri, Sedis im

departamentis

kompetenciaSi,

romelic

axorcielebs

saqmianobas

komunikaciebTan dakavSirebiT, da ara sainformacio teqnologiebis

departamentSi. departaments ar gaaCnia araviTari urTierToba satelefono

momsaxurebasTan. mowmem ar icoda, arsebobda Tu ara saerTo satelefono

sistema moldovisaTvis, maT Soris dnestrispireTis regionisaTvis, Tu

arsebobda cal-calke sistemebi.

396. b-n smirnovs ar hqonda moldovis moqalaqeoba da arasodes mouTxovia

misi miReba. 2001 wlis 6 maiss miRebuli oqmi moldovis prezidentsa da

dnestrispireTis reJimis liders Soris xsenebul sakiTxs ukavSirdeba.

moldovis

prezidenti

cdilobda,

gaeiolebina

urTierToba

dnestrispireTis reJimis liderebTan, magram xsenebuli oqmi rCeba

ganzraxvis gamovlinebis gancxadebad, romelsac aranairi oficialuri

Rirebuleba ar gaaCnia. imisaTvis, rom xsenebuli oqmi ZalaSi Sevides,

moldovam unda Secvalos kanonmdebloba. rodesac uqmdeba moldovis

moqalaqeoba, departamenti moqmedebs Txovnis safuZvelze. moqalaqeTa

erovnuli registracia 10-12 wlian CarCoebSi xorcieldeba. xsenebulis

Sedegad departamenti garkveulwilad amowmebs, gaaCnia Tu ara adamians

meore qveynis moqalaqeoba. departamenti aseve ixilavs informaciis

gacvlis SesaZleblobas mraval saxelmwifosTan, rogoric aris rumineTi,

ukraina, bulgareTi, ruseTi, magram es jerjerobiT ar xdeba. ar arsebobs

araviTari sanqcia, Tu sxva qveynis moqalaqeobis miRebisTanave adamiani ar

ityvis uars moldovis moqalaqeobaze. departaments sjera, rom moldovis

moqalaqeTa mniSvnelovan nawils aqvs meore qveynis pasportebi. es

problema exeba ara mxolod ruseTs (rogorc qveyanas, romlis meore

moqalaqeobac aqvT adamianebs), aramed samxreT-aRmosavleT evropis yvela

qveyanas.

397. 1992 wels moldovis mosaxleobis umetesobas kvlav sabWoTa pasportebi

hqonda. mxolod 1993 wels moawera xeli moldovis prezidentma

dadgenilebas moldovis gaerTianebuli sapasporto sistemis Sesaxeb.

pirveli pasportebi 1995-1996 wlebSi gaica. xsenebul dromde adamianis

moldovur moqalaqeobas adasturebda mxolod Canaweri, romelic 1974

wlidan keTdeboda sabWoTa pasportSi. moldovam SemoiRo kanonmdebloba,

romelic moicavda nulovan arCevans. pirebs, romlebic cxovrobdnen

teritoriaze, mieniWaT garkveuli statusi, magram dadgenili iyo drois

ganrigi, romlis ganmavlobaSic statusi unda dadasturebuliyo. pirebs,

romlebsac ar gaaCndaT specialuri Canaweri sabWoTa pasportebSi, unda

miemarTaT moqalaqeobis mosapoveblad. yvelas, vinc cxovrobda moldovis

teritoriaze, ufleba hqonda moldovis moqalaqeobis miRebisa, Tuki maT es

surdaT.

adamians, romelsac hqonda ori pasporti, sTavazobdnen arCevans. magram

arCevanis gakeTebamde igi moldovis moqalaqe rCeboda, miuxedavad imisa,

rom erTdroulad ori pasporti hqonda.

398. kiSiniovidan tiraspolSi ganxorcielebuli satelefono zari Sida

zarad iTvleba.

399. is sakiTxi, SesaZlebeli iyo Tu ara danaSaulis Cadenis SemTxvevaSi

adamianisTvis cxovrebis uflebis gauqmeba, ar Sedioda departamentis

kompetenciaSi, is ganekuTvneboda saimigracio departamentis kompetencias.

Tumca mowmem icoda, rom moldovis kanonmdebloba iTvaliswinebda

cxovrebis nebarTvaze uaris SesaZleblobas im ucxoeli pirisaTvis, vinc

danaSauls Caidenda.

rac Seexeba moldovis uSiSroebisaTvis Seqmnil safrTxes im faqtiT, rom

b-ni ordinisaTvis gaica moldovis piradobis mowmoba, mowmem ganacxada,

rom departamenti dokumentebs SekiTxvebis gareSe gascems. piradobis

mowmoba, rogorc moldovis moqalaqis dokumenti, gaicema nebismier pirze,

romelic mudmivad cxovrobs moldovaSi.

38. ion kostasi

400. mowme iyo moldovis Tavdacvis ministri 1992 wlis Tebervlidan 1992

wlis 30 ivlisamde.

mowme generali gaxda sabWoTa armiis dros 1984 wels. man daamTavra

sahaero oficrebis instituti. igi iyo samxedro mfrinavi. man daamTavra

gagarinis saxelobis samxedro akademia moskovSi da msaxurobda Soreul

aRmosavleTsa da balkaneTSi.

1990 wlis 24 maisidan 1992 wlis 20 Tebervlamde mowme iyo Sinagan saqmeTa

ministri. xsenebul dromde igi iyo parlamentis Tavdacvis komitetis

Tavmjdomare. Tavdacvis ministrobis Semdeg, 1992 wlis ivlisidan 1993 wlis

oqtombramde, igi msaxurobda samxedro ataSed buqarestSi. Semdeg igi

wavida politikidan da aRarasodes gamoCenila sajaro arenaze. Cvenebis

aRebis droisaTvis igi gadamdgari iyo da cxovrobda pensiaze, rogorc

rezervis generali.

401. 1992 wels moldovis mxarem daiwyo adamianebis gawveva smirnovis mier

warmoqmnili safrTxis gasaneitraleblad. moldovas gaaCnda garkveuli

jarebi Sinagan saqmeTa saministros SemadgenlobaSi. 1992 wlis martSi maT

daiwyes jarebis Seqmna Tavdacvis saministrosaTvis. xsenebul dros

moldovis samxedro personalis bevri warmomadgeneli brundeboda

qveyanaSi. yofili sabWoTa kavSiris armiidan dabrunda 51 oficeri. Sinagan

saqmeTa saministroSi muSaobisas mowmem gaaanaliza, rom saWiro iyo

maqsimalurad swrafad Seqmniliyo Tavdacvis saministro. moldovas ar

gaaCnda erovnuli armia, rodesac dnestrispireTis mxarem mas Tavs moaxvia

konfliqti. amitom Tavdacvis saministro SeuerTda Sinagan saqmeTa

saministros Zalebs. sul iyo 8-10 an SeiZleba 12 batalioni, anu es iyo

maqsimumi, rac moldovas SeeZlo daepirispirebina meore mxares mebrZoli

kazakebis, miliciisa da samxedro ZalebisaTvis. xsenebuli daadastura b-

nma selezniovma, rodesac man mimarTa moldovis parlaments 2002 wels.

erTobliobaSi moldovis mxareze unda yofiliyo 25-35 aTasi mebrZoli.

xsenebuli cifri moicavda rezervistebs da samoqalaqo personals,

magaliTad, mSenebel inJinrebs da a.S. amave dros, moldovaSi myof ruseTis

armias hyavda 14 aTasi profesionali jariskaci.

dnestrispirelebs hyavdaT cxra aTasi gawvrTnili milicieli, romlebsac

iaraRiT amaragebdnen me-14 armiis oficrebi. xsenebuli oficrebi gawveulni

iyvnen rezervidan da dainiSnen policiis razmebisa da batalionebis

meTaurebad. garda amisa, iyo 5-6 aTasi moxalise, romlebic maT SeuerTdnen

mas Semdeg, rac ruseTis televiziiT iyo gamosvla mebrZolebisTvis

dnestrispireTSi

sabrZolvelad

wasvlis

mowodebiT.

xsenebuli

moxaliseebi Cadiodnen mTeli ruseTis federaciidan. maTi raodenobda iyo

15-20 aTasi. amitom dnestrispirelTa mxareze ibrZoda daaxloebiT 35-40

aTasi mebrZoli, romlebic daupirispirdnen moldovis respublikis

kanonier Zalebs.

da, garda amisa, arseboda iaraRi da saWurveli, romelzec xeli

miuwvdeboda orsave mxares. marjvena mxares myof mebrZolebs saerTod ar

gaaCndaT tankebi – aranairi artileria an `gradis~ tipis mobiluri

raketebis sasroli danadgarebi Tu mZime artileria. mdinaris marcxena

mxares myof mebrZolT hqondaT 3 batalioni `gradis~ tipis artileriiT,

raketebis sasroli danadgarebiTa da yumbarmtyorcnebiT. maT aseve hqondaT

TviTmfrinavebi `dosaafidan~ da me-14 armiis Sveulmfrenebi da tankebi.

moldovas tankebi ar gaaCnda. generalma lebedma moxaliseebs (kazakebs,

milicias) misca saWurvlis mTeli sawyobebi, romlebic ganTavsebuli iyo

mdinaris aRmosavleT sanapiros perimetrze.

402. Sexvedraze, romelic prezident snegurs hqonda b-n gorbaCovTan 1990

wels, am ukanasknelma naTeli gaxada, rom im SemTxvevaSi, Tu moldova

xels ar moawerda federaciul saxelmwifo SeTanxmebas, moldovis

teritoriaze

Seiqmneboda

sami

respublika,

saxeldobr,

gagauziis,

dnestrispireTisa da moldovis respublikebi. asec moxda.

403. rac Seexeba ruseTis jarebis yofnas moldovaSi 1991-1992 wlebSi, es

gadawyvetili iyo marSal SapoSnikovis, dsT-s Zalebis yofili sardlis

mier da xelmowerili iyo meore mxridan ramdenime generlisa da

polkovnikis mier. es aris dokumenti #314/1 da miRebulia 1992 wlis 23

marts. me-14 armiis iaraRi da saWurveli gaiyo. xsenebuli dokumenti

akonkretebda, Tu romeli iaraRi da saWurveli unda darCeniliyo me-14

armiaSi da romeli unda gadascemoda moldovis respublikas.

404. mowmis TqmiT, mas gaaCnda informacia generaluri Stabidan 1990-1991

wlebis periodSi, rodesac sabWoTa armia kvlavac arsebobda, rom moskovma

miiRo saidumlo gadawyvetileba jarebis gayvanasTan dakavSirebiT im

respublikebidan, romlebSic situacia ar iyo garkveuli, maT Soris

baltiispireTis qveynebidan da moldovidan. am ukanasknelidan masobrivad

iqna gayvanili satanko polkebi. magaliTad, baltidan gayvanili iqna 120

tanki saraketo brigadasTan erTad. saWurveli ganTavsebuli iyo

kolbasnaSi. yvela tanki iqna gayvanili dnestris marjvena sanapirodan,

iseve, rogorc saraketo danadgarebi. araferi aRar darCa marjvena mxares,

TviT yumbarmtyorcnebi da naRmmtyorcnebic ki srulad iqna gatanili da

gadaziduli marcxena napirze. moldovis armias unda darCenoda me-300

sahaero sadesanto polki, magram igi gayvanili iqna ruseTis teritoriaze.

405.

`dosaafi~

iyo

samoqalaqo

organizacia,

romelic

Sedgeboda

brZolisaTvis vargisi pirebisagan, romelTa asaki meryeobda 14 wlidan 60

wlamde. amitom igi moicavda mTel samoqalaqo sazogadoebas da

uSvelebeli organizacia iyo mudmivi struqturiT. sabWoTa kavSirSi es iyo

samxedro organizacia, romelsac saTaveSi edga samxedro piri, misi

moadgileebic samxedroebi iyvnen. danarCeni mosamsaxureebi samoqalaqoebi

iyvnen. organizaciis mizans warmoadgenda samoqalaqo pirebis, kerZod ki

axalgazrdebis gawvrTna. es iyo monstri, romelic Sedgeboda 102 milioni

adamianisagan mTeli sabWoTa kavSiris masStabiT. moldovaSi organizacias

ori milioni wevri hyavda. mas gaaCnda sportuli TviTmfrinavebi,

deltaplanebi,

saradaro

sistemebi,

sazRvao

skola

submarinebis

gamoyenebaSi adamianebis gasawvrTnelad da a.S.

sabWoTa periodSi organizacias aseve gaaCnda tankebi, Sveulmfrenebi,

saraketo danadgarebi. organizacias bevri SeiaraReba ar hqonia; umetesad

yvelaferi sawvrTneli xasiaTis iyo.

Seqmnis Semdeg dsT-s hyavda SeiaraRebuli Zalebi, romlebsac ruseTis

armiis warmomadgeneli meTaurobda. marSali SapoSnikovi iyo sardali da

aseve dsT-s Tavdacvis ministri. ministri daniSnuli iqna ruseTis

federaciis prezidentis b-ni elcinis winadadebiT. magram amave dros iq

iyo ruseTis Tavdacvis ministri pavel graCovic.

dsT-s jarebis yvela umaRlesi meTauri moskovidan iyo, sxvebi iyvnen

ukrainelebi da rusi slavebi.

moldovas ar mouxdenia dsT-s xelSekrulebis samxedro nawilis

ratificireba. ufro metic, moldovaze aranairad ar vrceldeboda dsT-s

Tavdacvis ministris, marSal SapoSnikovis qmedebebi da gadawyvetilebebi.

swored konfliqtis periodSi gadaeca me-14 armia dsT-s Semadgenlobidan

ruseTis federacias.

406. dsT-s SeiaraRebuli Zalebis meTaurs marSal SapoSnikovs ar upasuxia

misTvis moldovis prezidentis mier 1992 wlis aprilSi gagzavnil

werilze, romelSic prezidenti yuradRebas amaxvilebda dsT-s samxedro

Zalebis monawileobaze separatistebisaTvis iaraRis miwodebaSi.

politika, romelsac igi eweoda, mimarTuli iyo moldovisa da sxva

respublikebis sabWoTa kavSiris SemadgenlobaSi darCenisaken an, sul

mcire, yofili sabWoTa kavSiris teritoriis pirdapiri zegavlenis qveS

darCenisaken.

rodesac me-14 armia lebedma Caibara, moxda iaraRis mniSvnelovani gadineba,

maT Soris me-14 armiam fexosanTa naRmebi separatistebs gadasca.

kolbasnadan gatanili iqna iaraRis maragi. 1990 wels, rodesac mowme iyo

Sinagan saqmeTa ministri, man monawileoba miiRo me-14 armiis sardal

general iakovlevsa da moldovis premier-ministr muravSCis Soris

gamarTul SexvedraSi. separatistebTan dakavSirebiT iakovlevma ganacxada,

rom man miiRo specialuri instruqciebi ruseTis Tavdacvis saministrodan,

rom iaraRi miewodebina dnestrispireTis miliciisaTvis. b-ni muravSCis

sapasuxod, romelsac surda gaego, warmoadgenda Tu ara es gafrTxilebas,

generalma iakovlevma ganacxada: `ara, es mxolod faqtia, rom 10 000

`kalaSnikovi~ gadaeca milicias dnestrispireTis regionis dasacavad~.

generalma iakovlevma daamata, rom man miiRo miTiTeba, winaaRmdegoba

gaewia moldovis mcdelobisaTvis, kontrolis qveS moeqcia regioni da ar

mieca kontrolis damyarebis saSualeba.

amitom iaraRis gadacema gardauvali iyo. yvelaferi kargad iyo

organizebuli. moldovas hqonda safuZvliani faqtobrivi mtkicebulebebi,

magaliTad, moldovis jarebis mier ayvanili tyveebisagan, romlebmac

aRiares, rom xsenebuls adgili hqonda. moldovam aseve moipova

mtkicebulebebi da dokumentebi me-14 armiidan, romlebic adasturebdnen,

rom iaraRi gadaecemoda separatistebs. 1991 wlis maisSi me-14 armiis

maSindelma sardalma netkaCovma miiRo miTiTebebi Tavdacvis ministrisagan

moskovidan rezervistebis gawvevasTan da im jarebisa da iaraRis

mzadyofnasTan dakavSirebiT, romlebsac unda daecvaT dnestrispireTi,

radgan es ukanaskneli iyo `ruseTis teritoria da ... Cven [rusebma] unda

davicvaT igi yvela saSualebiT~. mowmes hqonda Sexvedra general

netkaCovTan, romelmac ganucxada mas, rom rezervisti oficrebi tovebdnen

me-14 armias, raTa gaewvrTnaT separatistebi.

mowmem aRniSna, rom samoqalaqo pirebs ar SeeZloT naRmebis Calageba;

xsenebuli amocanis ganxorcieleba SeuZliaT mxolod profesionalebs,

romlebsac gavlili aqvT samxedro wvrTna. konfliqtis Semdeg moldovam

TxovniT mimarTa amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis specialistebs, raTa maT

ganenaRmaT dnestrispireTis teritoria. amerikelebma aseve gawvrTnes

moldoveli specialistebi danaRmuli velebis gauvnebelyofaSi.

407. moldovis Tavdacvis saministros ar SeeZlo raime mniSvnelovani

winaaRmdegobis gaweva dnestrispireTis ZalebisaTvis. rodesac warmoiSva

konfliqti, separatistebs hqondaT 30 tanki, 50 saartilerio danadgari, 6

da 120 mm-iani naRmmtyorcnebi da hyavdaT taqtikuri jgufebi, romlebic

gawvrTnilni iyvnen artileriis gamoyenebaSi. maTi samxedro qmedebebi

kargad iyo organizebuli samxedro oficrebis mier. 120 mm-iani Wurvebis

yidva ar SeiZleba bazarSi; regionSi mxolod me-14 armias gaaCnda aseTi

Wurvebi. `dosaafs~ ar hqonia aseTi kalibris Wurvebi. me-14 armiis sakmaod

Zlieri jgufi iyo benderSi dnestrispireTis saxalxo gvardiasTan erTad.

avtobusebs,

romlebiTac

SeuiaraRebeli

moldoveli

jariskacebi

gadahyavdaT, gauxsnes cecxli tiginas (benderis) misadgomebTan. moldovis

xelisuflebis organoebis mier Catarebuli gamoZiebis Semdeg gamotanili

iqna daskvna, rom es swored rusma jariskacebma gaakeTes. xsenebuli

incidentis dros 23 jariskaci daiRupa.

408. mowmes ar surda gadadgoma; mis gadadgomasTan dakavSirebuli

gadawyvetileba parlamentma da prezidentma snegurma miiRes da amas imiT

xsnidnen, rom ase surda moskovs.

409. adgili hqonda incidents, romlis drosac moldovis TviTmfrinavma

dabomba dnestrispireTis sofeli. ganxorcielda ori sahaero misia,

romlebSic monawileobda oTxi danayofi da ori TviTmfrinaviT yovel

jerze. rodesac miRebuli iqna brZaneba separatistebis SeCerebasTan

dakavSirebiT, romlebic xidis gadakveTas apirebdnen, gaica xidis

dabombvis brZaneba. gamoyenebuli TviTmfrinavebi ar iyo Sesabamisad

aRWurvili samizneebis dasabombad. bombebi Camoyrili iqna, magram ar

moxvda xids. xidze tankebi idga. aucilebeli ar iyo, yofiliyavi samxedro

oficeri, raTa mimxvdariyavi, vis ekuTvnoda xsenebuli tankebi; naTeli iyo,

rom tankebi da jariskacebi me-14 armiis sakuTreba iyo. maT gangeb gauSves

jariskacebi rezervSi, Semdeg ki gaiwvies isini satanko ekipaJebisaTvis.

adamianebi, romlebic marTavdnen tankebs, ar iyvnen Cveulebrivi mZRolebi.

mxolod profesionals SeuZlia tankis manevrireba. maT cecxli gauxsnes

moldovis Zalebs. yvelaferi es gadaRebuli da dafiqsirebulia.

410. samxedro operaciis Tavidan acileba SesaZlebeli iqneboda, ruseTis

mxares rom ar moexdina provocireba da mxari ar daeWira konfliqtis

dawyebisaTvis. konfliqti iyo ruseTis xelmZRvanelobis gadawyvetileba im

droisaTvis.

411. rodesac sabWoTa kavSiri daiSala, iseTi patara qveyana, rogoric

moldovaa, dadga Zalian didi problemebis winaSe uzarmazar qveyanasTan _

ruseTTan Tanaarsebobis mxriv. moldovis pirveli nabiji iyo armiis Seqmna,

anu Tavdacvis saministros Camoyalibeba. verc Sinagan saqmeTa da verc

Tavdacvis saministroebma ver SeZles SeenarCunebinaT qveynis teritoriuli

mTlianoba. pirveli Tveebis ganmavlobaSi moldovas ar SeeZlo efeqturad

emoqmeda; mas ar gaaCnda iaraRi, saWurveli an iaraRi, radgan xsenebuli

masalebis umetesoba gatanili iqna ruseTsa da dnestrispireTSi 1990-1991

wlebSi. moldovas ar gaaCnda saartilerio SenaerTebi, romlebic

winaaRmdegobas gauwevdnen an Seutevdnen mdinaris meore mxares arsebul

Zalebs. moldovas arc sxva samxedro aRWurviloba gaaCnda. imisaTvis, rom

moepovebina samxedro aRWurviloba, moldovam TxovniT mimarTa mezobel

rumineTs da misgan msubuqi iaraRi SeiZina. miuxedavad imisa, Tu ras

ambobdnen gazeTebi, arc erT ruminels monawileoba ar miuRia konfliqtSi.

moldovis Tavdacvis saministros ZalebSi ar yofila Caricxuli sxva

saxelmwifos arc erT samxedro mosamsaxure.

412. generalma lebedma mravaljer ganacxada, rom mis me-14 armias SeeZlo

buqarestamde Casvlac ki 2 saaTis ganmavlobaSi, Tumca mas es arasodes

hqonia

dasaxuli

miznad.

ruseTis

agresiis

mizans

warmoadgenda

dnestrispireTis teritoriaze Zalauflebis SenarCuneba da amiT patara

saxelmwifo moldovaze zewolis ganxorcieleba.

413. 1991-1992 wlebSi dnestrispireli separatistebi namdvilad ar damdgaran

didi siZneleebis winaSe warmoebis aRdgenasTan dakavSirebiT, raTa

ewarmoebinaT iaraRi. savaraudod 1992 wlisaTvis maT ukve Tavad SeeZloT

iaraRis warmoeba.

moldovis samxedro sahaero Zalebs gaaCnda `mig-29~ tipis gamanadgurebeli.

SeiaraRebuli Zalebis mTavarsardali iyo prezidenti sneguri, xolo

generaluri Stabis ufrosi iyo generali kreanga. mowmem uaryo b-n

plugarusTan

saubari

gamanadgureblis

gamoyenebasTan

dakavSirebiT,

vinaidan b-ni plugarus ar ekava saTanado Tanamdeboba.

414. mowmem ganacxada, rom mas arasodes miuRia raime saxis moxseneba

moldovis jariskacebis mier samoqalaqo mosaxleobaze arasaTanado

mopyrobis ganxorcielebasTan dakavSirebiT da nebismier SemTxvevaSi mas

ar gaaCnda aseTi SemTxvevebis gamoZiebis kompetencia.

415. mas Semdeg, rac Sewyda sisxlisRvra, ruseTi imave politikas atarebda,

anu icavda Tavis strategiul interesebs da cdilobda moldovaze

zegavlenis SenarCunebas.

39. valentin sereda

416. Cvenebis micemis momentSi mowmes ekava moldovis saerTo cixeebis

direqtoris Tanamdeboba 2001 wlis agvistodan. penitenciur sistemaSi igi

1978/1979 wlidan muSaobda.

417. moldovasa da dnestrispireTs Soris ar moqmedebs raime SeTanxmeba

sasjelaRsrulebis sferoSi samarTlebrivi urTierTdaxmarebis Sesaxeb. ar

arsebobs

msjavrdebulTa

gadacemis

raime

praqtikuli

procedura.

warsulSi ar yofila erTi mxaridan meorisTvis msjavrdebulTa gadacemis

arc erTi SemTxveva. erTxel moxda tiginidan (benderi) moldovis erT-erT

saavadmyofoSi xalxis gadayvanis mcdeloba, magram moldovis mTavrobam

uari ganacxada, vinaidan SeTanxmeba ver iqna miRweuli. moldoveli eqimebi

ver Sedian tiraspolis cixeebSi da piriqiT. ar xdeba satelefono

saubrebi moldovis cixis eqimebsa da dnestrispireTs Soris. mowmes ar

hqonda informacia patimrebis mkurnalobis Sesaxeb im eqimebis mier, vinc

ar msaxurobda cixeSi. patimarTa gadacema sxva saxelmwifoebisaTvis xdeba

eqstradiciis proceduriT. am proceduras generaluri prokuratura

awarmoebs.

418. dnestrispireTis xelmZRvanelobam Seuwyvita eleqtroenergiisa da

wylis miwodeba dawesebulebas, romelic mkurnalobs tuberkuloziT

daavadebul

pacientebs

tiginaSi.

moldovam

gagzavna

dizelis

eleqtrogeneratori da wylis avzebi. moldovidan mimavali avtomanqanebi

daakaves sazRvarze erTidan sami dRis ganmavlobaSi. tiginis adgilobrivma

xelisuflebam akrZala tuberkuloziani pacientebis moldovidan tiginis

samedicino centrSi gadayvana. tiginis adgilobrivi miliciis postebi

amowmeben yvela Semaval da gamaval avtomanqanas.

419. arc erTi patimari, romelic sasjels ixdis moldovis cixeebSi, ar

aris msjavrdebuli dnestrispireTis sasamarTloebis gadawyvetilebis

safuZvelze. situacia igivea tiginis moldovur sasjelaRsrulebis

dawesebulebebSic. aseve arc erTi adamiani, romelic sasjels ixdis

dnestrispireTis

cixeebSi,

ar

aris

msjavrdebuli

moldovis

sasamarTloebis gadawyvetilebiT.

420. mowme warmoSobiT tiginidanaa, magram bolo 15 wlis ganmavlobaSi mas

ar mounaxulebia arc erTi iqauri penitenciuri dawesebuleba. Tumca, misi

azriT, dnestrispireTsa da moldovas Soris didi gansxvaveba ar unda

yofiliyo cixis pirobebis, sakvebis, samedicino momsaxurebis da a.S.

TvalsazrisiT.

421. Tuki msjavrdebuli gaiqceoda moldovidan dnestrispireTSi, moldova

savaraudod gadadgamda nabijebs dnestrispireTis xelisuflebasTan

TanamSromlobis mizniT.

422. 2002 wels moldovam daiwyo cixis saknebis fanjrebidan darabebis

(`wamwamebis”) moxsna; es procesi unda damTavrdes 2003 wlis bolomde.

darabebi xels uSlis ventilacias da dRis sinaTlis SeRwevas cixis

saknebSi. moldova cdilobs, gamoasworos saknebis zogadi mdgomareoba,

magram vinaidan ar arsebobs sakmarisi saxsrebi, procesi arasrulwlovani

msjavrdebulebis saknebiT daiwyo. maT, magaliTad, aqvT sarecxis avzebi da

Sxapebi TiToeul sakanSi. patimrebs aqvT ufleba, miiRon televizori an

sxva mowyobiloba naTesavebisagan.

423. ganmcxadebelTa advokatebis mier jvaredini dakiTxvisas mowmes

uTxres, rom msjavrdebulTa gadacema moxda ruseTis federaciasa da

`mdr~-s Soris.

kerZod, ganmcxadebelTa advokatebma yuradReba gaamaxviles v. s.-s saqmeze,

romelic daibada 1968 wels, dakavebuli iqna `mdr~-Si 1992 wels, xolo 1993

wels gadayvanili iqna astraxanSi (ruseTis federacia), sadac mas ruseTis

federaciis sasamarTlom miusaja 15 wliT Tavisuflebis aRkveTa. imave

wels igi daabrunes dnestrispireTSi. Semdeg 1999 wels igi gadaiyvanes

ruseTis federaciis cixeSi da sabolood 2002 wels kvlav daabrunes

dnestrispireTis cixeSi. meore magaliTi Seexeboda vinme r. s.-s, romelic

daibada 1973 wels, dakavebuli iqna 1992 wlis 20 oqtombers astraxanSi da

1993 wlis 2 ivliss gadayvanili iqna tiraspolSi, dnestrispireTSi, sadac

msjavrdebuli iqna `mdr~-s uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier 1996 wlis 14 marts.

1999 wlis 27 noembers igi gadaiyvanes moskovSi, xolo 1999 wlis 8

dekembers astraxanSi, sadac gaasamarTla ruseTis sasamarTlom da miusaja

10 wliT Tavisuflebis aRkveTa. 2002 wlis 21 oqtombers igi gadayvanili

iqna tiraspolis cixeSi.

am informaciis sapasuxod mowmem ganacxada, rom ar iyo da arc SeiZleboda

yofiliyo informirebuli, vinaidan mas gaaCnda informacia patimarTa

gadacmaze, romelsac adgili hqonda moldovis xelisuflebis mier

kontrolirebad tertoriaze. igi darwmunebuli iyo, rom patimarTa

gadacemis zemoxsenebuli SemTxvevebi ar ganxorcielebula moldovis

xelisuflebis monawileobiT an nebarTviT da varaudobda, rom gadacema

moxda ruseTis federaciisa da dnestrispireTis xelisuflebaTa uSualo

TanamSroblobiT.

40. viqtor berlinski

424. 1990-1994 wlebSi mowme iyo parlamentis wevri da danaSaulTan brZolis

saparlamento komitetis Tavmjdomare. Cvenebis micemis momentSi igi aRar

iyo parlamentis wevri da moRvaweobda rogorc praqtikosi iuristi.

425. saparlamento komiteti ar iyo dakavSirebuli dnestrispireTis

konfliqtTan. mowmes piradad ar gaaCnda raime uSualo kavSiri an

informacia ilaSkus saqmesTan mimarTebaSi. igi sabolood CamoSorda

politikas 1994 wels.

Tumca 1991-1992 wlebSi mowme CarTuli iyo konfliqtis mogvarebis mizniT

warmoebul molaparakebebSi dnestrispireTis xelmZRvanelobasTan, magram

am ukanasknelma ganacxada, rom hyavda sakuTari SeiaraRebuli Zalebi da

Tavadve Seasrulebda Tavis samuSaos, da molaparakebebma Sedegi ar

gamoiRo.

41. konstantine obroCi

426. mowme iyo moldovis premier-ministris moadgile 1990 wlis maisidan

1992 wlis ivnisamde. 1993 wlidan 1996 wlamde igi iyo prezident sneguris

mrCeveli adgilobrivi mmarTvelobis sakiTxebSi. 2002 wlidan mowme

moRvaweobs

rogorc

damoukidebeli

konsultanti.

premier-ministris

moadgilis Tanamdebobaze mas ZiriTadad Sexeba hqonda adgilobrivi

administraciis problemebTan. muravskis mTavrobis periodSi premier-

ministrs sami moadgile hyavda. mowme dainiSna im saparlamento komitetis

Tavmjdomared, romelic pasuxismgebeli iyo dnestrispireTis reJimTan

molaparakebebis warmoebaze. am komitetis erT-erTi bolo miRweva is iyo,

rom man 1992 wels moaxerxa dnestrispireli parlamentarebis miyvana

moldovis parlamentSi. amis Semdeg daiwyo SeiaraRebuli konfliqti.

427. mowme ar gadamdgara Tavisi iniciativiT 1992 wlis ivnisSi. muravskis

mTeli mTavroba daTxovnili iqna dnestrispireTis situaciis mizeziT

mTavrobasa da parlaments Soris warmoqmnili krizisis gamo.

dnestrispireTsa da ruseTs Soris urTierToba Zalian aSkara iyo.

kiSiniovSi yofnis dros ruseTis saxelmwifo dumis Tavmjdomaris b-ni

selezniovis mier gakeTebuli gancxadebis Tanaxmad, rac dnestrispireTSi

xdeba, mWidrod aris dakavSirebuli ruseTis federaciasTan.

428. mowmes ar hqonda informacia me-14 armiis mier dnestrispireTis

mosaxleobisaTvis iaraRis darigebis Sesaxeb.

Tumca me-14 armiis monawileoba konfliqtSi sayovelTaod cnobili faqti

iyo, romelic srulad iyo dokumentirebuli presaSi. kerZod, konfliqtSi

CarTuli iyo me-14 armiis tankebi. mowme ar yofila brZolis velze da

piradad ar unaxavs sabrZolo operaciebi, amitomac ar SeeZlo pirdapir

aRewera me-14 armiis sabrZolo operaciebSi monawileobis xarisxi,

jariskacTa raodenoba da a.S. magram aSkara iyo, rom es xdeboda; yvelam

icoda amis Sesaxeb.

429. mowmes ar miuRia monawileoba ruseTTan molaparakebebSi, is mxolod

dnestrispireTis

mosaxleobasTan

molaparakebebSi

iyo

CarTuli.

saparlamento komitetma, romelsac igi xelmZRvanelobda, Tavi mouyara

arCeuli parlamentis wevrebs dnestrispireTidan, ukrainidan, moldovidan

da rumineTidan. komitetis xelmZRvanelobiT gamarTuli molaparakebebis

konteqstSi komiteti ar dakavSirebia ruseTis parlamentis arc erT

warmomadgenels.

430. mowmis azriT, ilaSkus sasamarTlo procesi farTomasStabiani

politikuri TamaSis Sedegi iyo. ar arsebobda am procesis aSkara mizezi.

patimarTa gacvla xdeboda orive mxareze, magram es jgufi gamoiricxa.

ruseTis mxares rom sdomnoda ilaSkus jgufis gaTavisufleba, es asec

iqneboda.

431. dainteresebas moldovis teritoriiT safuZveli Caeyara ori saukuniT

adre, ruseT-TurqeTis omis periodidan. moldovaSi didi raodenobiT

slavebi, anu rusebi da ukrainelebi, cxovrobdnen. am didma saxelmwifoebma

maTi erovnebis mosaxleobis yofna teritoriaze moldovaSi mimdinare

procesebis gakontrolebis survilis gamarTlebad gamoiyenes.

dnestris marcxena napirze ganxorcielebul moqmedebebs akontrolebda da

xels uwyobda sabWoTa kavSiris xelisufleba. prezidentma gorbaCovma

gagzavna Tavisi warmomadgeneli marSali axrameevi.

432. mowmem wamoWra dnestrispireTis problemis mogvarebis winadadeba:

miecaT dnestrispireTis mosaxleobisTvis TviTmmarTvelobis garkveuli

uflebamosileba,

daekmayofilebinaT.

dnestrispireTis

raTa

mowmis

`regioni~

gaeqarwylebinaT

winadadebiT

(maSin,

maTi

SiSi

da

amgvarad

daerqmeoda

teritorias

dRes

rodesac

isini

Tavs

`dnestrispireTis respublikas~ uwodeben), iqneboda erTiani valuta da

sagareo urTierTobebis erTiani warmoeba moldovis saxelmwifos mTels

teritoriaze, dnestrispireTs eqneboda sakuTari simbolo, rogoric aris

droSa, da sakuTari kontrolis qveS eyoleboda garkveuli raodenobis

SeiaraRebuli Zalebi. msgavsi gegma iqna SemoTavazebuli gagauziis

mimarTac. gegma iTvaliswinebda regionebis dayofas guberniebad, Tumca

moldova erTian erTeulad darCeboda. mTavari azri iyo dnestrispireTis

regionisa da guberniebis mosaxleobisaTvis meti avtonomiis miniWeba maTi

istoriuli specifikurobis gaTvaliswinebiT, magram winadadeba uaryofili

iqna.

Tavidan dnestrispireTis xelisuflebis Tvalsazrisi igive iyo, rac

moldovis mTavrobisa. rodesac moldovis respublika iqmneboda, aravin

laparakobda rusulenovani mosaxleobis uflebebis Selaxvaze. magram

regionSi iyvnen adamianebi, visac amoZravebda separatistuli Tu sxva

miznebi. amave dros `saxalxo fronti~ qmnida pirobebs moldovis

rumineTTan gasaerTianeblad. moldovas uxdeboda am situaciasTan

gamklaveba.

cxadia,

dnestrispireTis

adgilobrivi

ukanono

TviTmmarTvelobis Camoyalibebamde adgilobrivi mmarTvelobis organoebi

aRiarebuli iyo. centraluri xelisufleba TanamSromlobda maTTan, isini

monawileobdnen yvelanair Cveulebriv saqmianobaSi. tiraspolSi calke

reJimis Camoyalibebis Semdeg marjvena sanapiro ar cnobda marcxena

sanapiros xelisuflebas, Tumca moldovelebi inarCunebdnen kontaqts

meore mxaris mosaxleobasTan. De facto isini warmoadgendnen regionis

mmarTvelobas.

aRiarebis

sakiTxTan

dakavSirebiT

sakmaod

rTuli

iyo

mkacrad

samarTlebrivi, formalisturi poziciis miReba: vinaidan dnestrispireTis

reJimi ar iyo aRiarebuli moldovis mTavrobisa da saerTaSoriso

Tanamegobrobis mier, moldovas ar unda hqonoda masTan aranairi samuSao

kontaqti. es niSnavda, rom konfliqti arasodes gadaiWreboda, magram

moldovis xelisufleba cdilobda, daxmareba gaewia mosaxleobisaTvis.

433.

mowmes

ar

gaaCnda

viTomda

aranairi

iyvnen

informacia

moldovis

imis

dazvervis

Sesaxeb,

rom

ganmcxadeblebi

agentebi

dnestrispireTis teritoriaze.

434. mTavrobaSi aravin uWerda mxars dnestrispireTis konfliqtis

mosagvareblad Zalis gamoyenebas. magram dasawyisSi, rodesac miliciis

Senoba da sxva Senobebi iqna dakavebuli, moldova iZulebuli gaxda,

epasuxa Zalis gamoyenebiT.

rumineTs gaaCnia interesebi moldovaSi. moldoveli da rumineli xalxi

erTi da imave eTnikuri warmomavlobisaa. rumineTi CarTuli iyo tiginis

(benderi) molaparakebebSi. rumineTis mxares araferi aqvs sasayveduro, is

yovelTvis obieqturad moqmedebda. molaparakebebze moxerxda kompromisis

miRweva: adgilobrivi warmomadgenlebi daTanxmdnen, kvlav erTiani

saxelmwifos saxiT emoqmedaT.

435. moldovis centraluri mTavroba da adgilobrivi xelisufleba

daxmarebas uwevda ilaSkus jgufis wevrTa ojaxebs. mowme, iyo ra

prezidentis mrCeveli, ramdenjerme Sexvda qalbaton ilaSkus da Seaxvedra

igi moldovis prezidents.

436. elcin/sneguris 1992 wlis 21 ivlisis SeTanxmebis erT-erTi mizani iyo

SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis, brZolebisa da xocva-Jletis SeCereba. es ar

niSnavda, rom moldovis mTavrobam uari Tqva suverenul uflebebze

mocemul teritoriaze.

42. mixail sidorovi

437. Cvenebis micemis momentSi mowme iyo parlamentis wevri da adamianis

uflebaTa da erovnuli umciresobebis komitetis Tavmjdomare.

mowmem kariera daiwyo rogorc profesionalma mosamarTlem. igi TxuTmeti

weli muSaobda moldovis sasamarTlo sistemaSi. mowme mosamarTled

dainiSna 30 wlis win. igi iyo sisxlis samarTlis uzenaesi sasamarTlos

prezidiumis wevri. 1981 wlidan, misi samosamarTlo karieris Semdeg, igi

muSaobda yofil uzenaes sabWoSi, iyo uzenaesi sabWos samdivnos

iuridiuli samsaxuris ufrosis moadgile. 1991 wels igi daTxovnili iqna

samsaxuridan kiSiniovSi mxolod da mxolod rusuli warmomavlobis gamo

da gadawyvita, wasuliyo dnestrispireTSi. igi dainiSna dnestrispireTis

marTlmsajulebis direqtoratis xelmZRvanelad. am Tanamdebobaze mowmem

Tveze naklebi dahyo. 1993 wlis dekembramde igi moRvaweobda kerZo

biznesSi. 1994 wlis Tebervlidan 1998 wlamde igi iyo parlamentis wevri,

1998-2001 wlebSi ki ombudsmeni.

438. rodesac 1994 wels mowme arCeuli iqna parlamentSi, warsuls Cabarda

misi cxovrebis is nawili, romelic exeboda dnestrispireTis

marTlmsajulebis direqtoratis yofili xelmZRvanelis Tanamdebobas.

centraluri saarCevno komisiis arc erT wevrs ar gamouTqvams

winaaRmdegoba. parlamentSi moRvaweobisas mowmes araferi smenia ilaSkus

saqmis Sesaxeb.

is faqti, rom mcire periodis ganmavlobaSi mowme emsaxureboda

dnestrispireTis separatistul reJims, ar warmoadgenda dabrkolebas

moldovaSi

misi

Semdgomi

karierisTvis,

magaliTad,

ombudsmenis

Tanamdebobaze muSaobisaTvis.

439. 1998 wlis maissa Tu ivnisSi, rodesac mowmes ekava ombudsmenis

Tanamdeboba, igi Sexvda ilaSkus jgufis wevrebis meuRleebs. mowmem da

misma kolegebma urCies maT, rom vinaidan ombudsmenis samsaxurs ar gaaCnda

raime realuri saSualeba problemis mosagvareblad, maTTvis umjobesi

iqneboda euTo-s misiaSi wasvla. amis Semdeg mowme TanamSromlobda euTo-

sTan. sxva moqalaqeebi dnestrispireTidan aseve modiodnen masTan

Sesaxvedrad TavianTi problemebiT, magram ombudsmenis samsaxuri uZluri

iyo problemebis gadaWraSi euTo-s gareSe.

440. moldovis mTavrobas ar gaaCnda Sesabamisi gavlena dnestrispireTis

reJimze, raTa uzrunveleyo ilaSkus jgufis gaTavisufleba. mas Semdeg,

rac ukanono reJimma Seqmna sakuTari administracia, sasamarTloebis

CaTvliT, ar arsebobda aranairi kontaqti, aranairi oficialuri arxi,

romlis meSveobiTac moldovis mTavrobas SeeZlo maTze gavlenis moxdena.

sasamarTlo procesidan oTxi wlis Semdeg iyo ramdenime mcdeloba, raime

Secvliliyo. ufro adre amas azri ar eqneboda, vinaidan moldovas ar

gaaCnda saSualeba, gamklaveboda problemas. mowmem daaskvna, rom euTo-s

monawileobiT gamarTuli Sexvedrebic ki aranairad ar cvlida situacias.

mowmem monawileoba miiRo ombudsmenTa saerTaSoriso SexvedraSi, vinaidan

miaCnda, rom moldovas ar SeeZlo problemis Sida saSualebebiT mogvareba.

1996 wels moldova SeuerTda CarCo-SeTanxmebas umciresobaTa Sesaxeb, 1997

wels miiRo kanoni erovnul umciresobaTa statusis Sesaxeb. moldovaSi

arsebuli situacia adamianis uflebaTa TvalsazrisiT ganxiluli iqna

evropis sabWos ministrTa komitetis mier, sadac aRiniSna, rom moldovaSi

bevri nabiji idgmeba adamianis uflebaTa uzrunvelyofisTvis. mTavrobam

Seqmna erovnebaTaSorisi urTierTobebis departamenti. moldovaSi iyo 13%

ukrainuli

warmomavlobis

eTnikuri

umciresoba,

13%

rusuli

warmomavlobisa, 5% gagauzielebisa, 4% bulgarelebis da 3% ebraelebisa.

moldovis mosaxleobis 35% erovnuli umciresoba iyo. dnestrispireTSi

40% moldovelebi arian, 28% ukrainelebi da 22% rusebi.

441. 1994 wlis martSi, mas Semdeg, rac batoni ilaSku pirvelad iqna

arCeuli parlamentis wevrad, parlamentma moamzada pirobebi, romelTa

mixedviTac mas unda Seesrulebina parlamentis wevris movaleobebi. am

droisaTvis ilaSkus saqmes ukve hqonda politikuri ganzomileba. Tu

CaiTvleboda, rom sakiTxs mxolod mkacrad samarTlebrivi mniSvneloba

aqvs, SesaZlebeli iqneboda ufro swrafi da ufro konstruqciuli

moqmedeba.

b-ni ilaSkus gaTavisufleba iyo politikuri svlis Sedegi da es ar

momxdara kanonieri xelisuflebis romelime RonisZiebis Sedegad.

mTavrobas ar gaaCnda realuri SesaZlebloba, raime Seecvala ilaSkus

saqmeSi. mas ar SeeZlo am saqmisTvis prioritetuli mniSvnelobis miniWeba.

1997

wels

mowmes

daekisra

valdebuleba,

iusticiis

ministris

moadgilesTan, b-n sturcasTan erTad emuSava ilaSkus saqmeze. Sedga

Sexvedra sturcasa da dnestrispireTis e.w. iusticiis ministrs Soris. es

wminda protokoluri Sexvedra iyo da araferi Seucvlia. am Sexvedris

Semdeg maT Soris ar yofila raime urTierToba. Sexvedrebi rom

gagrZelebuliyo, ilaSkus sakiTxi savaraudod wamoiWreboda, Tumca es ase

ar moxda.

442. mowmem ver gaixsena, sami ombudsmenidan romeli muSaobda ilaSkus

saqmeze. es ombudsmenis samsaxuris muSaobis pirvel TveebSi iyo. mowme

ramdenjerme Sexvda euTo-s warmomadgenlebs da wamoWra sakiTxi ilaSkus

saqmis Sesaxeb. rogorc parlamentis wevrs, mowmes ar daumyarebia kontaqti

romelime saerTaSoriso organizaciasTan ilaSkus saqmesTan dakavSirebiT.

mowmis azriT, am organizaciebs moldovaSi ar ZaluZdaT aRnuSnuli

specifikuri problemis gadaWra.

443. mowmem ar icoda, rom moldovis uzenaesi sasamarTlos 1994 wlis 3

Tebervlis gadawyvetilebiT ilaSkus saqme gadaeca moldovis saxalxo

prokurors xelaxali gamoZiebisaTvis. man icoda mxolod sturcas

winadadebis Sesaxeb, romlis Tanaxmadac ilaSkus jgufis sawinaaRmdego

nebismieri cvlileba xelaxla gansjadi unda yofiliyo ucxo saxelmwifos

sasamarTlos mier.

444.

xelmisawvdomi informaciis Tanaxmad, sisxlis samarTlis procesis

ZiriTadi debulebebi Sesrulebuli iqna kerZod, braldebulebs

mowmes

arasodes

unaxavs

ilaSkus

saqmis

masalebi.

misTvis

–

waredginaT braldeba da dakavebulni iqnen, dacvis mxares xeli

miuwvdeboda sasamarTlos masalebze, mowmeebs CamoerTvaT Cvenebebi,

warmodgenili iqna qmedebis damadasturebeli mtkicebulebebi da Catarda

sasamarTlo mosmena, romelsac eswrebodnen braldebulebi. mowme Tvlida,

rom procesualuri TvalsazrisiT sisxlis samarTlis procesis yvela

standarti daculi iqna. mowme daTanxmda rom sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba

gauqmebuli iqna arakonstituciurobis safuZvelze da aseve aRniSna, rom

saWiro iyo gadawyvetilebis ganxorcieleba. mowmis azriT, saapelacio an

sakasacio sasamarTlom xelaxla unda Seiswavlos saqmis mTeli masalebi.

rac Seexeba savaraudo danaSaulis msxverplTa sakiTxs, mowmes miaCnda, rom

gadawyvetileba am saqmeze dakavSirebuli iyo zogadad dnestrispireTis

problemis mogvarebasTan.

445. vinaidan Semdgomi nabijebi ganxiluli unda iqnes sisxlis samarTlis

procesis TvalsazrisiT, mowmes warmoudgenia ori SesaZlo varianti.

pirveli, moldovis uzenaesi sasamarTlo, rogorc qveynis umaRlesi

sasamarTlo organo, ganixilavs sakiTxs kasaciis wesiT. da meore, sawyis

wertilad aRebuli unda iqnes is faqti, rom mtkicebulebebi adasturebs,

rom

sisxlissamarTlebrivi

braldeba

sworedac

unda

yofiliyo

wayenebuli: warmoebda sisxlissamarTlebrivi gamoZieba, mopovebuli iqna

mtkicebulebebi da a.S. am safuZvelze saqme unda gadaeces uzenaes

sasamarTlos

Semdgomi

ganxilvisaTvis.

xelaxla

unda

moxdes

mtkicebulebaTa miukerZoebeli, politikuri konteqstidan gancalkevebuli

ganxilva. mowmis azriT, sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsi ar

Seicavda muxlebs imis Sesaxeb, rac gakeTda moldovis uzenaesi

sasamarTlos mier ilaSkus saqmeze. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, man araferi

icoda sxva msgavsi SemTxvevebis Sesaxeb moldovasa da dnestrispireTs

Soris. da bolos, mowmes miaCnda, rom moldovis sasamarTlom ver

uzrunvelyo saerTaSoriso standartebi.

446. mowmem icoda moldovis generaluri prokuroris 2000 wlis agvistos

gadawyvetilebis Sesaxeb, romelic wyvetda sisxlis samarTlis gamoZiebas

dnestrispireTis im mosamarTleebisa da prokurorebis winaaRmdeg,

romlebic monawileobas iRebdnen ilaSkus saqmeSi. 1995 Tu 1996 wels

moldovis parlamentma gamarTa Sexvedra tiraspolel kolegebTan, romlis

ganmavlobaSic mowmem hkiTxa maT, Tu ratom ar Camodiodnen kiSiniovSi.

dnestrispirelma parlamentarebma upasuxes, rom ar SeeZloT kiSiniovSi

Casvla, vinaidan maT winaaRmdeg moldovis generaluri prokurori

sisxlissamarTlebriv gamoZiebas awarmoebda. mowme Tvlis, rom gamoZieba

dnestrispireli prokurorebisa da mosamarTleebis winaaRmdeg iyo

politikuri da ara samarTlebrivi nabiji. aseve politikuri xasiaTis iyo

gadawyvetileba sisxlis samarTlis braldebis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb.

447. mowmis CvenebiT, im periodSi, rodesac igi ombudsmeni iyo, moldovas

sami ombudsmeni hyavda. mas ar axsovda, konkretulad romeli maTgani iyo

dakavebuli ilaSkus saqmiT. maT rom pirdapir miemarTaT dnestrispireTis

xelisuflebisTvis, verafers miaRwevdnen. amis demonstrireba iolia maT

mier

gaweuli

mcdelobebis

fonze,

rodesac

isini

cdilobdnen,

moegvarebinaT problemebi, romlebsac waawydnen benderis tuberkuloziT

daavadebuli pacientebis samkurnalo dawesebulebasTan urTierTobisas.

dnestrispireTis adgilobrivma xelisuflebam dawesebulebas Seuwyvita

eleqtroenergiisa da wylis miwodeba da sakanalizacio momsaxureba. erT-

erTma ombudsmenma mimarTa b-n smirnovs, magram basuxi ar miuRia. Semdeg

ombudsmenis

ofisma

mimarTa

euTo-s

_

erTaderT

saerTaSoriso

organizacias, romelsac raime gavlena gaaCnia regionSi.

448. aT weliwadze metia, rac dnestrispireTis qalaqebSi sasamarTloebi

funqcionireben; maT gamoitanes gadawyvetilebebi 4000-ze met sisxlis

samarTlisa da 10000-ze met samoqalaqo saqmeze. aqedan gamomdinare,

wamoiWra sakiTxi, unda gauqmdes Tu ara yvela es gadawyvetileba. an yvela

saqme unda gadaisinjos, an ubralod unda moxdes mosmena sakasacio wesiT,

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi uzenaesi sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT.

449. 1991-dan 1992 wlamde arsebuli krizisi ar iyo spontanuri movlenebis

Sedegi. 1989 wels ZalaSi Sevida moldovis axali kanoni enebis Sesaxeb. am

gadawyvetilebas sixaruliT ar Sexvedrian. man gamoiwvia mosaxleobis

garkveuli nawilis mier organizebuli protestis gamoxatva 1989 wlis

ivnis-ivlisSi; protestSi aqtiur monawileobas iRebda marcxena sanapiro,

tiraspoli. es movlenebi daSlisaken mimarTuli pirveli biZgi iyo. 1990

wels kiSiniovSi situacia gauaresda, rodesac zogierTma politikurma

Zalebma

daiwyes

marcxena

sanapirodan

Camosuli

parlamentarebis

winaaRmdeg qmedebebis organizeba. parlamentSi 360 adgilia. ramdenime

parlamentari scemes, samarTaldamcavma organoebma ar gadadges aranairi

nabijebi, Sedegad samocamde parlamentarma marcxena sanapirodan datova

parlamenti. amis Semdeg situacia gauaresda.

msgavsi movlenebi viTardeboda gagauziis regionSic. mowveuli iqna

parlamentis sxdoma problemis mSvidobiani gziT gadasaWrelad, magram

gagauzielebma

da

dnestrispirelebma

gadawyvites,

CamoeyalibebinaT

xelisuflebis sakuTari struqturebi. parlamentma es xelisuflebis

struqturebi arakonstituciurad gamoacxada. Sesabamisad, 1990 wlis

agvistodan moldovaSi sami regioni arsebobda. gagauziis situaciis

mogvarebis Semdeg dnestrispireTi iyo erTaderTi regioni, romelic de facto

ar iyo parlamentis Zalauflebis qveS.

1990 wels movlenebi swrafad ganviTarda. 1990 wlis oqtomberSi gaimarTa

moxaliseTa svla moldovis samxreTisaken. es svla gamoiwvia gagauziis

respublikis gamocxadebam imave wlis agvistoSi. es movlena warmoadgenda

qveyanaSi SiSis danergvis mcdelobis nawils. sabednierod, samxreTSi ar

mimdinareobda brZolebi da xocva-Jleta. SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis

dawyeba gamoiwvia 1990 wlis 2 noembers dubasariSi momxdarma movlenebma,

amis Semdeg faqtiurad SeuZlebeli gaxda konfliqtis ganviTarebis

SeCereba.

1992 wlis martSi SeiaraRebulma konfliqtma ifeTqa jer dubasariSi,

Semdeg ki benderSi. amis Semdeg Sewyda molaparakebebis procesis

warmarTvisTvis

aucilebeli

yvela

kavSiri.

parlaments

xeli

ar

miuwvdeboda marcxena sanapiroze. 1992 wlidan moyolebuli oficialur

stuqturebs Soris ar xdeboda araviTari urTierTkavSiri. 1994 wels

parlamentma

oficialur

Camoayaliba

struqturebs

komiteti

Soris

moldovisa

kavSiris aRsadgenad.

da

dnestrispireTis

mowme iyo

dnestrispireTis problemis mogvarebis saparlamento komitetis wevri. am

komitetma Camoayaliba sagamoZiebo jgufi, romelsac evaleboda 1992 wels

momxdari movlenebis gamoZieba. 1995 wels Sedga ramdenime Sexveda

dnestrispirel parlamentarebTan. 2000 wels morigi specialuri komiteti

Camoyalibda dnestrispireTis problemis mosagvareblad, 2001 wels

ramdenime Sexvedra Sedga, 2002 wels ki, samwuxarod, arc erTi. mowmis

CvenebiT, mas didi imedi hqonda, rom euTo-s misiis iniciativa ruseTisa da

ukrainis monawileobiT warmatebuli iqneboda. igi miesalma prezident

voroninis gancxadebas, rom SemuSavebuli iqna SeTanxmebis proeqti.

450. mowme monawileobas iRebda gagauziis Sesaxeb kanonis proeqtis

momzadebaSi, romelmac regions avtonomiuri statusi mianiWa 1994 wels.

gagauziasa da moldovas Soris ar arsebobda SeiaraRebuli konfliqti da

moldovis

mTavroba

imedovnebda,

rom

SesaZlebeli

iqneboda

dnestrispireTis

problemis

imave

gziT

mogvareba.

1992

wels

dnestrispireTis teritoriaze dawyebulma konfliqtma orive mxridan

aTasobiT adamianis sicocxle Seiwira da garkveuli dro iyo saWiro aseTi

Rrma Wrilobebis gansakurnad. mowmis azriT, Tuki politikosebi orive

mxareze mzad arian Semdgomi nabijebis gadasadgmelad, SesaZlebelia

problemis mokle xanSi mogvareba.

451.

1990

wlis

bolodan

dnestrispireTSi

funqcionirebda

calke

sasamarTlo sistema. dnestrispireTis sasamarTloebis mier gamotanili

arc erTi gadawyvetileba ar iyo aRiarebuli moldovis sasamarTloebis

mier. ilaSkusa da misi jgufis ganaCeni gauqmebuli iqna, Tumca saqme

arasodes ganxilula moldovis sasamarTloebis mier.

452. mowmem xazi gausva, rom dnestrispireTi arsebobs rogorc de facto

suverenuli saxelmwifo, sakuTari kanonmdeblobiT, sakuTari sasamarTlo

sistemiT da ganaCenis aRsrulebis sakuTari proceduriT. dnestrispireTSi

axlaxan Seiqmna sakonstitucio sasamarTlo. mowmem aRniSna, rom ruseTi

yovelTvis moiTxovda moldovis teritoriuli mTlianobis aRiarebas 1997

wels arsebuli saxiT, rasac adasturebs ruseTTan gaformebuli

xelSekruleba.

mowmis azriT, ruseTis federacia ar iyo pasuxismgebeli movlenebze,

romlebsac sasamarTlo ganixilavs mocemul saqmesTan dakavSirebiT.

ruseTsa

da

dnestrispireTs

Soris

urTierToba

daZabuli

iyo.

dnestrispireTis xelisufleba arasodes Sexvedria ruseTis federaciis

prezidents an premier-ministrs, maSin, rodesac moldovis prezidenti da

moldoveli ministrebi namyofi iyvnen dnestrispireTSi.

453. dnestrispireTze ucxo qveynebis gavlenaze saubrisas mowmem xazi

gausva, rom dnestrispireTi iyo Tavisufali bazari. yvelaze stabiluri

investiciebis wyaro iyo germanuli kapitali, Tumca aseve iyo belgiuri

investiciebic adgilobriv warmoebaSi. dnestrispirelebis informaciiT,

maTi valuta germaniaSi ibeWdeboda.

454. telekominikaciebis sistemas dnestrispireTSi moldova uzrunvelyofs.

moldovaSi telekomunikaciebs sakuTari gamoyofili adgili uWiravT,

maSin,

rodesac

dnestrispireTSi

arsebobs

damoukidebeli

satelekomunikacio kompania da swored am kompanias uxdis telefonis

gadasaxads dnestrispireTis mosaxleoba. tiraspolSi mxolod fiWuri

telefonebi

ar

funqcionirebs.

moldovis

safexburTo

Cempionati

dnestrispireTzec vrceldeba. moldovis amJamindeli safexburTo Cempioni

tiraspolis gundia, romelsac sakmaod kargi safexburTo stadioni aqvs

tiraspolSi. moldovis safexburTo nakrebis Sexvedra holandiis nakrebTan

dagegmili iyo 2003 wlis pirvel aprils da tiraspolis stadionze unda

Semdgariyo. aqedan gamomdinare, dnestrispireTi ZiriTadad politikuri

problemaa.

455. 1990 wlis noemberSi parlamentma miiRo gadawyvetileba moldovaSi

socialur-ekonomikuri

RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb.

situaciis

gasaumjobeseblad

dagmo

gasatarebeli

erovnebaTaSorisi

gadawyvetilebam

konfliqtebis Zalismieri meTodebiT gadaWris nebismieri mcdeloba. mowme

muSaobda departamentSi, romelic amzadebda Sesabamis kanonproeqtebs.

mTavrobaSi Camoyalibda erovnebaTaSorisi komiteti. misi funqcia erovnul

umciresobaTa dacva iyo. kanoni miRebuli iqna 2001 wels, Tumca manamde

seriozuli problema arsebobda moldovaSi eTnikur umciresobebTan

dakavSirebiT.

43. pavel gringa

456. 1992 wlis mais-ivnisSi mowme iyo Tavdacvis ministris moadgile. amis

Semdeg, 1992 wlidan 1997 wlamde, mas ekava Tavdacvis ministris Tanamdeboba.

Cvenebis micemis momentSi mowme gadamdgari iyo. vidre 1992 wels Tavdacvis

ministris moadgilis Tanamdebobas daikavebda, 1990 wels igi dabrunda

moldovaSi belorusiidan, sadac ekava armiis meTauris Tanamdeboba. kubis

sakiTxebSi mrCevlad muSaobis Semdeg mowme gadadga sabWoTa armiis

samsaxuridan

da

dabrunda

samSobloSi.

moldovaSi

axali

pasuxismgeblobebis aRebisas man erTgulebis fici dado.

1990-1992 wlebSi mowme muSaobda samxedro departamentSi. 1997 wlidan

moyolebuli mas aRar ekava oficialuri Tanamdeboba.

457. moldovis damoukideblobis gamocxadebis Semdeg zogierT moldovels

surda sabWoTa kavSiris SemadgenlobaSi darCena. am miznis misaRwevad maT

Seqmnes SeiaraRebuli formirebebi, e.w. `saxalxo damcvelebi~, romlebic

SemdgomSi gadaiqcnen separatistul Zalebad. moldova ar Seurigda

situacias da scada problemis mSvidobiani mogvareba. magram 1990 wels

iZulebuli gaxda, Camoeyalibebina rezervistebis batalionebi. amis Semdeg

SeiaraRebulma jgufebma ufro aSkarad daiwyes moqmedeba. Tavdacvis

saministrom Tavis mxriv nabijebis gadadgma daiwyo 1992 wlis maisSi,

rodesac mowme gaxda Tavdacvis ministris moadgile. igi iyo Tavdacvis

ministris moadgile da prezidentis administraciis wevri. 1992 wlis maisSi

mas ubrZanes, gaexsna sameTauro centri dnestrispireTSi.

saidumlo ar iyo, rom separatistebi daxmarebas iRebdnen moskovidan da

odesidan. 1991 wlis bolodan _ 1992 wlis dasawyisidan moldova veRar

axorcielebda kontrols qveynis aRmosavleT nawilze.

1992 wlisaTvis moldovis SeiaraRebul ZalebSi Sedioda daaxloebiT 10

mudmivi batalioni, rac Seadgens daaxloebiT 6000 jariskacs; situacia

igive iyo konfliqtis dasrulebamde. es Zalebi Sedgeboda Sinagan saqmeTa

saministros SeiaraRebuli Zalebisa da policiisagan, garda amisa, iyo

moxaliseTa sami dajgufeba. saerTo jamSi es Seadgenda 6000-ian moqmed

armias. dnestrispireTis Zalebic aseve 6000-amde iyo. ruseTis me-14 armiis

SemadgenlobaSi daaxloebiT Tormetidan ToTxmet aTasamde jariskaci

Sedioda.

moldovis armias ar gaaCnda imgvari aRWurviloba, rac separatistebs.

moldovis SeiaraRebul ZalebSi sawyis etapze aT jariskacze erTi

avtomaturi iaraRi modioda. maT ar gaaCndaT Sesabamisi struqtura.

me-14 armia awvdida aRWurvilobasa da mxardaWeras uwevda separatistebs.

`saxalxo damcvelTa~ oficrebi me-14 armiis rigebidan iyvnen da es

ukanaskneli amaragebda maT iaraRiT.

mowme Sexvda iakovlevs, romelmac uTxra, rom dnestrispirelebs hqondaT

aTasobiT avtomati. viTomda datacebis gziT da qalebisa da bavSvebis

gamoyenebiT, iaraRis didi odenoba iqna gadacemuli. gadacemuli iqna 30-

amde tanki, 32 javSantransportiori, 24 erTeuli saartilerio iaraRi,

naRmmtyorcnebi, tanksawinaaRmdego yumbarmtyorcnebi, tanksawinaaRmdego

artileria da sahaero Tavdacvis danadgarebi. me-14 armiis sardalma,

generalma lebedma televiziiT gamoacxada, rom man piradad mouyara Tavi

da SeaiaraRa Tormet aTasamde dnestrispireli jariskaci da rom man

piradad ganapiroba maTi armiis arseboba. dnestrispireTis SeiaraRebuli

Zalebis operaciebi xorcieldeboda me-14 armiis oficrebis kontrolis

qveS.

tankebi, romlebic ganlagda dnestris xidze, ekuTvnoda me-14 armias.

tankebi Sesabamisad iyo danomrili.

mowmis gancxadebiT, mas gaaCnda dokumentebi me-14 armiis mier iaraRis

separatistebisaTvis gadacemis Taobaze; man dasZina, rom savaraudod

dokumentebi kvlav Tavdacvis saministroSi inaxeboda. erTia iaraRis

fizikurad gadacema da sul sxvaa oficialuri dokumentebis safuZvelze

formalizebuli gadacema. separatistebma `amoiRes~ me-14 armiis iaraRi

qalebisa da bavSvebis gamoyenebiT. tankebi, romlebic daakaves cocxali

faris gamoyenebiT, Tavidan ekuTvnoda me-14 armiis 183-e motorizebul

brigadas da sxva diviziebs. qalebisa da bavSvebis cocxali faris

moCvenebiTi gamoyenebiT Catarebuli `amoRebis~ miuxedavad, es sinamdvileSi

iaraRis gadacema iyo.

zemoxsenebuli SeiaraReba da aRWurviloba ar SeiZleboda yofiliyo

`dosaafis~ sakuTreba. `dosaafs~ gaaCnda milionamde tyvia, oRond mxolod

msubuqi iaraRisaTvis. sabrZolo iaraRi `dosaafs~ saerTod ar hqonda.

458. dnestrispirelTa SeiaraRebuli formirebebi ukeT iyvnen aRWurvilni,

vidre moldovis jarebi. maT hqondaT tankebi, maSin, rodesac moldovelebs

ar gaaCndaT arc erTi tanki. maT hqondaT meti dajavSnuli manqana, vidre

moldovelebs. moldovelebi flobdnen Zlier artilerias, magaliTad,

`uraganis~ sistemas, romelsac aqvs 27 kilometris manZilze miRwevis

SesaZlebloba, Tumca is ar iqna gamoyenebuli. moldova artilerias

mxolod maSin iyenebda, roca dnestrispireTi iyenebda tankebs. moldovam

gaafrTxila dnestrispireTi, rom Tu is gamoiyenebda tankebs, moldova

artileriiT upasuxebda. moldovas aseve hqonda haubicebi da zarbaznebi.

459. moldovas arasodes gauxsnia cecxli soflebisa da dasaxlebuli

punqtebisaTvis. moldovis SeiaraRebul Zalebs ar gaunadgurebiaT arc

erTi Senoba-nageboba. Tumca es ar iyo im tipis omi, risTvisac mowmes

amzadebdnen samxedro saswavlebelSi.

460. rac Seexeba tiginis (benderi) citadelis dabombvas, rodesac moldovis

SeiaraRebuli Zalebi Sevidnen benderSi, e.w. `saxalxo damcvelebis~

nawilma Tavi Seafara citadels, romelic manamde ekava me-14 armiis qimiuri

Tavdacvis batalions. Sesabamisad, maT cecxli gaxsnes, SesaZloa, qimiuri

Tavdacvis batalionTan erTad.

461. moldovas gaaCnda 122 milimetriani saWurveli da gamoiyena kidec igi.

`uraganis~ saartilerio sistema, romelic moldovas hqonda, gacilebiT

efeqturi iyo dnestripirelTa `gradis~ sistemaze. magram moldovelebs

arasodes gamouyenebiaT `uraganis~ sistema, vinaidan maT icodnen misi

damangreveli Zala. moldovas rom sdomnoda gamarjveba nebismier fasad,

gamoiyenebda `uraganis~ sistemas.

moldovis jars gaaCnda sahaero Tavdacvis sistema, magram ar arsebobda

ukrainasa da rumineTTan koleqtiuri Tavdacvis sistema. moldovis Zalebs

unda gamoeyenebinaT `mig-29~ tipis TviTmfrinavebi sahaero dabombvis

gansaxorcieleblad. meore mxares iyvnen SeiaraRebuli jgufebi, romlebic

iyenebdnen samxedro artilerias; e.i. es ar iyo sapolicio operacia.

gamosavali mxolod erTi iyo: daebombaT xidi da ara sacxovrebeli ubnebi.

moldovas ganzraxuli hqonda xidis ganadgureba, raTa xeli SeeSala

tankebis gadaadgilebisaTvis, rac Tavidan aacilebda mas seriozul

danakargebs. amas adgili hqonda tiginaSi (benderi).

462. moxaliseTa jgufebi, romlebic moldovis mxareze ibrZodnen, ar

klavdnen

sxva

adamianebs.

isini

icavdnen

TavianT

samSoblos

separatistebisgan. moldovis SeiaraRebul Zalebs arasodes gausvriaT

dasaxlebuli punqtebis mimarTulebiT.

463. moldovas ar gaugzavnia dazvervis jgufebi dnestrispireTSi.

moldovis Zalebma gamoiyenes adamianebi, romlebsac icnobdnen. maT aravin

gaugzavniaT specialurad, dazvervis agentebis saxiT, Tumca hyavdaT xalxi,

vinc nebayoflobiT ugzavnida informacias.

464. konfliqtis mimdinareobis periodSi me-14 armia ganlagebuli iyo

tiraspolis samxedro aerodromis teritoriaze. aerodroms erT-erTi maTi

SenaerTi iyenebda. TviTmfrinavebi dafrinavdnen moskovSic. konfliqtis

Semdeg moxda SeTanxmeba da ganisazRvra wesebi, romelTa mixedviTac unda

momxdariyo aerodromis gamoyeneba.

465. im periodSi, rodesac mowmes ekava Tavdacvis ministris Tanamdeboba,

moldovasa da ruseTis federacias Soris gaformda SeTanxmeba me-14 armiis

garkveuli SenaerTebis gayvanis Taobaze. gayvanili iqna me-300 saparaSuto

qvedanayofi, iseve, rogorc kavSirgabmulobis batalioni da ramdenime sxva

SenaerTi. SeTanxmeba aseve Seexeboda tiraspolis samxedro aerodromis

reJims

da

rusi

jariskacebis

samarTlebriv

statuss

moldovis

teritoriaze.

1. euTo-s konfliqtebis Tavidan acilebis centris 1994 wlis 10 ivnisis

sainformacio dokumenti dnestrispireTis konfliqtis Sesaxeb. xsenebuli

dokumenti

internetgverdze.

warmoSoba da ZiriTadi sakiTxebi.”

gamoqveynda

inglisur

enaze

moldovaSi

`dnestrispireTis

euTo-s

misiis

misi

saxelwodebaa

konfliqti: