adremoqmedi pirveli seqcia

fadeeva ruseTis winaaRmdeg

CASE OF FADEYEVA v. RUSSIA

(ganacxadi # 55723/00)

ganCineba

strasburgi

2005 wlis 9 ivnisi

saboloo

30/11/2005

winamdebare ganCineba saboloo gaxdeba konvenciis 44-e muxlis

me-2 punqtSi Camoyalibebuli debulebebis Sesabamisad. igi

SeiZleba daeqvemdebaros redaqciul gadasinjvas.

saqmeze `fadeeva ruseTis winaaRmdeg~

adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlom (yofilma pirvelma

seqciam), romelic palatis saxiT Seikriba da Sedgeboda Semdegi

mosamarTleebisagan:

b-ni k. l. rozakisi, Tavmjdomare,

b-ni p. lorenzeni,

q-ni f. tulkensi,

q-ni n. vajiCi,

q-ni s. botuCarova

b-ni a. kovleri,

b-ni v. zagrebelski, mosamarTleebi,

agreTve seqciis samdivnos ufrosi b-n s. nilseni,

imsjela ra ganmartoebiT 2004 wlis 1 ivlissa da 2005 wlis 19

maiss,

2005 wlis 19 maiss gamoitana winamdebare ganCineba:

procedura

1.

saqme momdinareobs ganacxadidan (#55723/00), romelic

warmodgenili iqna sasamarTlos winaSe ruseTis feredaciis

winaaRmdeg, adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa

dacvis evropuli konvenciis (SemdgomSi `konvencia~) 34-e muxlis

Sesabamisad, ruseTis moqalaqis q-n nadeJda mixailis asul

fadeevas (SemdgomSi `ganmcxadebeli~) mier 1999 wlis 11 dekembers.

2.

ganmcxadebels, romelsac mieca samarTlebrivi daxmareba

sasamarTlos winaSe samarTalwarmoebisaTvis, Tavdapirvelad

warmoadgendnen b-ni iuri vanJa, xolo SemdgomSi b-ni kiril

koroteevi da q-ni dina vedernikova, ruseTis arasamTavrobo

organizacia `memorialis~ advokatebi, da b-ni bil bouringi da

b-ni filip lixi, advokatebi inglissa da uelsSi. ruseTis

mTavrobas (SemdgomSi `mTavroba~) warmoadgendnen b-ni pavel

laptevi, adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos winaSe

ruseTis federaciis warmomadgeneli.

3.

kerZod, ganmcxadebeli Cioda, rom saxlTan axlomdebare

foladis qarxana safrTxes uqmnida mis janrTelobasa da

keTildReobas. igi eyrdnoboda konvenciis me-8 muxls.

4.

ganacxadi

gadaeca

sasamarTlos

meore

seqcias

(sasamarTlos reglamentis 52-e muxlis 1-li punqti). aRniSnul

seqciaSi Seiqmna palata (reglamentis 26-e muxlis 1-li punqti),

romelsac unda ganexila saqme (konvenciis 27-e muxlis 1-li

punqti).

5.

2001 wlis 1 noembers sasamarTlom Secvala seqciebis

Semadgenloba (reglamentis 25-e muxlis 1-li punqti). winamdebare

saqme gadaeca axladSeqmnil pirvel seqcias (reglamentis 52-e

muxlis 1-li punqti).

6.

2003 wlis 16 oqtombris gadawyvetilebiT sasamarTlom

arsebiT ganxilvaze nawilobriv daSvebulad

ganacxadi

gamoacxada da miiRo gadawyvetileba mxareebisagan damatebiTi

informaciis da mimoxilvebis gamoTxovis da saqmis arsebiTad

ganxilvis mosmenis Catarebis Sesaxeb.

7.

ganmcxadebelma da mTavrobam saqmis arsebiT mxaresTan

dakavSirebiT warmoadgines TavianTi mimoxilvebi (reglamentis

59-e muxlis 1-li punqti). saqmis mosmena Sedga adamianis

uflebaTa

SenobaSi,

strasburgSi,

2004

wlis

1

ivliss

(reglamentis 59-e muxlis me-3 punqti).

sasamarTlos winaSe gamocxaddnen:

(a) mTavrobis saxeliT

b-ni

pavel

laptevi,

adamianis

uflebaTa

evropuli

sasamarTlos winaSe ruseTis federaciis warmomadgeneli,

b-ni berestnevi, advokati,

q-ni t. gorniaki,

b-ni m. stavrovski,

b-ni m. vinogradovi, mrCevlebi;

(b) ganmcxadeblis saxeliT

b-ni k. koroteevi,

q-ni d. vedernikova,

b-ni bouringi,

b-ni f. lixi, advokati.

8.

sasamarTlom moismina b-ni laptevis, b-ni bouringis, b-ni

lixisa da b-ni koroteevis gamosvlebi.

9.

2004 wlis 1 noembers sasamarTlom Secvala seqciebis

Semadgenloba (reglamentis 25-e muxlis 1-li punqti). winamdebare

saqme darCa pirveli seqciis Tavdapirvel SemadgenlobaSi.

faqtebi

I.

saqmis garemoebebi

A.

10.

Sesavali

ganmcxadebeli daibada 1949 wels. igi amJamad cxovrobs

qalaq CerepovecSi, romelic foladis mwarmoebel mniSvnelovan

centrs warmoadgens. igi moskovidan Crdilo-aRmosavleTiT 300

km-is moSorebiT mdebareobs. 1982 wels ganmcxadeblis ojaxi

sacxovreblad gadavida axal binaSi, Jukovis quCa #1-Si,

romelic foladis qarxana `severstalidan~ (SemdgomSi `qarxana~)

450

metris

moSorebiT

mdebaroebda.

aRniSnuli

bina

ganmcxadeblis qmars, b-n nikolai fadeevs, qarxanam gadasca

qiravnobis xelSekrulebiT.

11.

foladis qarxana `severstali~ sabWoTa periodSi aSenda.

igi ruseTis sabWoTa federaciuli socialisturi respublikis

(rsfsr) Savi metalurgiis saministros sakuTrebaSi iyo. qarxana

iyo da dRemde rCeba liTonis mwarmoebel umsxviles qarxanad

ruseTSi da ZiriTad damqiraveblad, romelic daaxloebiT 60 000

adamians asaqmebs. imisaTvis, rom ganesazRvra is sivrce, sadac

foladis warmoebis Sedegad dabinZureba SesaZloa moWarbebuli

yofiliyo, `severstalis~ garSemo xelisuflebam buferuli zona

- `sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zona~ - Seqmna. es zona pirvelad

1965 wels SemoisazRvra. misi farTobi 5 000 m²-s Seadgenda. Tumca

Teoriulad igulisxmeboda, rom aRniSnul zonas qarxana qalaqis

sacxovrebeli nawilisagan unda gaemijna, praqtikulad iq

aTasobiT adamiani (maT Soris ganmcxadeblis ojaxic) cxovrobda.

zonaSi ganlagebuli sacxovrebeli binebi qarxnis sakuTrebas

warmoadgenda da ZiriTadad gankuTvnili iyo im muSebisaTvis,

romlebsac mudmivi macxovreblebis statusi hqondaT (ix.

`Sesabamisi Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi kanonmdebloba da praqtika~).

rsfsr-is

gankargulebis

ministrTa

sabWos

Savi

1974

wlis

10

seqtembris

saministro

mixedviT,

metalurgiis

valdebuli iyo, sxvagan daebinavebina sanitaruli usafrTxoebis

zonis mosaxleoba, romelic 1977 wlisaTvis ## 213 da 214

raionebSi cxovrobda. Tumca realurad es ar ganxorcielebula.

12.

bunebrivi garemos gaumjobesebis Sesaxeb~. programis mixedviT,

`qalaqSi toqsikuri nivTierebebis haerSi koncentracia

1990 wels rsfsr-is mTavrobam miiRo programa `CerepovecSi

mravaljer aRemateboda dasaSveb normas~ da Cerepovecis

mosaxleobaSi avadmyofobis maCvenebeli saSualoze maRali iyo.

iqve aRniSnuli iyo, rom kvlav bevri adamiani cxovrobda

foladis qarxnis sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonaSi. programis

Tanaxmad, foladis qarxanas moeTxoveboda toqsikuri emisiis

usafrTxo donemde Semcireba 1998 wlisaTvis. aRniSnuli miznis

misaRwevad programa mTel rig specialur teqnologiur

RonisZiebebs

iTvaliswinebda.

foladis

qarxana

agreTve

valdebuli iyo, yovelwliurad daefinansebina 20 000 m²-is

sacxovrebeli saxlebis mSenebloba sanitaruli usafrTxoebis

zonaSi mcxovrebi mosaxleobis gansaxlebisaTvis.

13.

municipalitetis 1992 wlis 18 noembris #30 gankargulebiT

sanitaruli usafrToebis zonis sazRvrebi xelaxla ganisazRvra.

am zonis sigane 1 000 metramde Semcirda.

14.

`severstalis~ mier. privatizaciis procesSi qarxnis sakuTrebaSi

arsebuli sacxovrebeli binebi, romlebic zonis SigniT

mdebareobda, municipalitets gadaeca.

1993

wels

foladis

qarxana

privatizebuli

iqna

15.

1996 wlis 3 oqtombers ruseTis federaciis mTavrobam

miiRo # 1161 gankarguleba `specialuri federaluri programis

_ `CerepovecSi bunebrivi garemosa da janmrTelobis dacvis

gaumjobesebis Sesaxeb~ 1997-2010 wlebisaTvis~ (2002 wels es

programa

Secvala

specialurma

federalurma

programam: `ruseTis ekologia da bunebrivi resursebi~). 1996

wlis programis ganxorcielebas msoflio banki afinansebda. am

programis meore punqtSi naTqvamia:

`qalaqis sacxovrebel nawilSi konkretuli damabinZurebeli

nivTierebebis koncentracia 20-50-jer maRalia zRvrul dasaSveb

koeficientze (zdk). ... 1 atmosferos dabinZurebaSi yvelaze didi

`wvlili~ Seaqvs `severstals~, romelic yvela emisiis 96%-zea

pasuxismgebeli. haeris dabinZurebis yvelaze maRali koeficienti

registrirebulia im sacxovrebel raonebSi, romlebic uSualod

`severstalis~ samrewvelo teritorias emijneba. toqsikuri

nivTierebebis atmosferoSi emisiis ZiriTadi mizezi aris

metalurgiul da sxva mrewvelobaSi Zveli da ekologiurad

saSiSi teqnologiebisa da manqana-danadgarebis gamoyeneba, iseve,

rogorc gazis gamasufTavebeli sistemis dabali efeqtianoba.

mdgomareobas kidev ufro amZimebs TiTqmis sruli Tanxvedra

qalaqis samrewvelo da sacxovrebeli raionebisa, romlebic ar

arian gamijnuli sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonebiT.~

gankargulebis mixedviT, `qalaqSi arsebuli bunebrivi garemos

mdgomareoba mosaxleobis janmrTelobis mudmiv gauaresebas

ganapirobebs~. kerZod, gankargulebaSi naTqvamia, rom 1991-1995

wlebSi respiratoruli daavadebebis mqone bavSvTa ricxvi 345-

dan 945-mde gaizarda, sisxlisa da hematogenuri daavadebebis

SemTxvevebisa _ 3,4-dan 11-mde, xolo kanis daavadebebisa – 33,3-dan

101,1-mde yovel aTas sul mosaxleze. gankargulebis Tanaxmad,

atmosferuli dabinZurebis maRali koeficienti ganapirobebda

respiratoruli da sisxlis daavadebebis ricxobriv zrdas

qalaqis zrdasrul mosaxleobaSi da simsivniT gardacvalebis

SemTxvevebis matebas.

16.

programaSi miTiTebul RonisZiebaTa umravlesoba exeboda

`severstalis~ funqcionirebas. gankargulebaSi CamoTvlili iyo,

agreTve, rigi RonisZiebebisa, romlebic mTel qalaqs exeboda. es

RonisZiebebi

gulisxmobda

`severstalis~

sanitaruli

usafrToebis zonidan 18 900 adamianis gamoyvanas da sxvagan

dabinavebas. programidan Cans, rom am gansaxlebis dafinansebis

mTavari wyaro saxelmwifo unda yofiliyo. Tumca, rogorc Cans,

Semdgom wlebSi zonis mcxovrebTa gasaxlebis dafinansebas

`severstali~ ganagrZobda, yovel SemTxvevaSi, 213-e da 214-e

raionebis mcxovrebTaTvis. magaliTad, Cerepovecis meris 2004

wlis 4 aprilis # 1260 gankargulebiT 2004 wels gagarinis

moedanze ganlagebuli sacxovrebeli saxlis macxovreblebi

qalaqis sxva raionSi ganasaxles. Cerepovecis meris 2004 wlis 3

ivnisis werilis mixedviT, gansaxlebis xarjebis daaxloebiT

erTi mesamedi `severstalma~ gaiRo.

17.

2000 wlis 9 agvistos Cerepovecis mTavarma sanitarulma

inspeqtorma daadgina, rom sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonis

sigane unda yofiliyo 1 000 metri samrewvelo dabinZurebis

mTavari wyarodan. Tumca raime specialuri sazRvrebi zonisTvis

ar daudgeniaT. 2002 wels municipalitetma gaasaCivra Tavisive

1992 wlis #30 gankarguleba, romelic adgenda zonis sazRvrebs

(ix. punqti 13). 2002 wlis 13 ivniss Cerepovecis saqalaqo

sasamarTlom # 30 gankarguleba baTilad gamoacxada im motiviT,

rom is scildeboda uflebamosilebis sferos (ultra vires).

saqalaqo sasamarTlom daadgina, rom im dros municipalitets ar

hqonda iurisdiqcia, ganesazRvra zonis sigane. sanitaruli

usafrTxoebis zonis sazRvrebi `severstalis~ Senobebis garSemo

kvlavac ar gansazRvrula.

18.

Sewyda

1996 wlis mTavrobis programis ganxorcieleba 2001 wels

da SeTavazebuli RonisZiebebi gadatanili iqna

specialuri federaluri programis _ `ruseTis ekologia da

bunebrivi resursebi~ _ qveprogramis `bunebrivi garemos xarisxis

regulireba~ Sesabamis karSi.

19.

Cerepovecis meris 2004 wlis 3 ivnisis werilis mixedviT,

1999 wels qarxana pasuxismgebeli iyo qalaqis haerSi samrewvelo

emisiebis 95%-ze metze. 1999 wlisTvis garemos dacvis Sesaxeb

saxelmwifo daskvnis Sesabamisad, ruseTis yvela metalurgiul

qarxanas

Soris

Cerepovecis

`severstals~

yvelaze

didi

`wvlili~ Sehqonda haeris dabinZurebaSi.

B.

1.

ganmcxadeblis mcdeloba, dasaxlebuliyo zonis gareT

samarTalwarmoebis pirveli etapi

20.

1995

wels

ganmcxadebelma,

Tavis

ojaxsa

da

mis

sacxovrebel saxlSi mcxovreb bevr sxva adamianTan erTad,

sasamarTlos

gansaxlebis Taobaze. ganmcxadeblis mtkicebiT, toqsikuri

naerTebis koncentracia da xmauris done sanitaruli

mimarTa

sarCeliT

zonis

farglebs

gareT

usafrTxoebis zonaSi aRemateboda ruseTis kanonmdeblobiT

dadgenil zRvrul dasaSveb koeficients (zdk). ganmcxadebeli

aRniSnavda,

rom

zonaSi

bunebrivi

garemos

mdgomareoba

adamianebisaTvis mavne iyo da iq cxovreba potenciur safrTxes

uqmnida maT janmrTelobasa da sicocxles. Tavisi argumentebis

dasasabuTeblad

igi

ZiriTadad

eyrdnoboda

1989

wlis

instruqcias qalaqis dagegmarebis Sesaxeb (ix. qvemoT, `Sesabamisi

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

ganmcxadeblis TqmiT,

kanonmdebloba

aRniSnuli

da

praqtika~).

qarxnebis

instruqcia

mepatroneebs avaldebulebda zonaSi sxvadasxva ekologiuri

zomebis miRebas, maT Soris, macxovreblebis gansaxlebas

ekologiurad usafrTxo adgilze. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom

`severstalma~ ar Seasrula es valdebuleba.

21.

1996 wlis 17 aprils Cerepovecis saqalaqo sasamarTlom

ganixila ganmcxadeblis sarCeli. sasamarTlom scno, rom Senoba

Jukovis q. #1-Si, sadac ganmcxadebeli cxovrobda, mdebareobda

`severstalis~ sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonis farglebSi.

sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom 1993 wlamde ganmcxadeblis bina Savi

metalurgiis saministros sakuTrebaSi iyo, romelsac ekuTvnoda

qarxanac. 1993 wels qarxnis privatizaciis Semdeg igi gaxda

kerZo

xelisuflebis sakuTrebaSi gadavida. ministris 1974 wlis

gankargulebaze miTiTebiT, sasamarTlom daadgina, rom

xelisuflebas evaleboda zonis yvela macxovreblis gansaxleba,

rac ar ganxorcielebula. am daskvnis gaTvaliswinebiT

sakuTreba

da

ganmcxadeblis

bina

adgilobrivi

sasamarTlo principulad daeTanxma ganmcxadeblis pretenzias,

aRniSna ra, rom mas, Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi kanonmdeblobis

Sesabamisad, hqonda gansaxlebis ufleba. Tumca ganaCenis

sarezolucio nawilSi sasamarTlos ar miuRia raime specialuri

brZaneba ganmcxadeblis gansaxlebasTan dakavSirebiT. piriqiT,

sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom adgilobriv xelisuflebas igi

aRricxvaze unda aeyvana `binis momlodineTa prioritetul

siaSi~ axali binis micemis mizniT (ix. qvemoT, `Sesabamisi

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi kanonmdebloba da praqtika~). sasamarTlom

aseve aRniSna, rom ganmcxadeblis gansaxleba damokidebuli iyo

finansuri saxsrebis xelmisawvdomobaze.

22.

ganmcxadebelma gaasaCivra es gadawyvetileba, amtkicebda

ra, rom gansaxlebis valdebuleba ufro metad qarxanas

ekisreboda, vidre municipalitets. igi agreTve miuTiTebda, rom

sasamarTlom araswori formiT warmoadgina misi davis sagani:

miuxedavad imisa, rom iTxovda dauyovnebel gansaxlebas,

sasamarTlom igi momlodineTa siaSi Cawera. ganmcxadeblis

azriT, es gadawyvetileba ar iyo ganxorcielebadi, radgan misi

aRsruleba bevr faqtorze iyo damokidebuli (gansaxlebis

Sesaxeb

brZanebis

arseboba,

momlodineTa

siaSi

xalxis

raodenoba,

gansaxlebisTvis

saWiro fuladi

saxsrebis

xelmisawvdomoba da a.S.).

23. 1996 wlis 7 agvistos vologdis saolqo sasamarTlom

arsebiTad ZalaSi datova 1996 wlis 17 aprilis gadawyvetileba

da daadastura, rom ganmcxadeblis saxli mdebareobda foladis

qarxana

`severstalis~

sanitaruli

usafrTxoebis

zonis

farglebSi. saapelacio sasamarTlom agreTve aRniSna, rom

ganmcxadeblis gansaxleba ekologiurad usafrTxo adgilas

municipalitetis mier unda ganxorcielebuliyo. da bolos,

saapelacio

sasamarTlom

amoiRo

ganaCenis

sarezolucio

nawilidan miTiTeba fuladi saxsrebis, rogorc ganmcxadeblis

gansaxlebis winapirobis, xelmisawvdomobaze.

24.

pirveli instanciis sasamarTlom miiRo saaRsrulebo

furceli da gadasca aRmasrulebels. Tumca gadawyvetileba ar

aRsrulebula garkveuli drois ganmavlobaSi. Cerepovecis meri

1996 wlis 11 dekembris werilSi aRniSnavda, rom ganaCenis

aRsruleba SeCerebuli iyo, radgan ar arsebobda normebi,

romlebic daadgenda mcxovrebTa zonis gareT gansaxlebis

proceduras.

25.

1997

wlis

10

Tebervals

aRmasrulebelma

Sewyvita

aRsrulebis samarTalwarmoeba im safuZvliT, rom ar arsebobda

axali binis `momlodineTa prioritetuli sia~ sanitaruli

usafrTxoebis zonis mcxovrebTaTvis.

2.

samarTalwarmoebis pirveli etapi

26.

1999 wels ganmcxadebelma municipalitetis winaaRmdeg

kvlav Seitana sarCeli, romliTac moiTxovda 1996 wlis 17

aprilis ganaCenis dauyovnebel aRsrulebas. ganmcxadeblis

mtkicebiT, inter alia, sistematuri toqsikuri emisia da xmauri

qarxana `severstalidan~ arRvevda mis ZiriTad uflebas piradi

cxovrebisa da sacxovreblis pativiscemaze, rogorc amas

uzrunvelyofs ruseTis konstitucia da adamianis uflebaTa

evropuli konvencia. igi iTxovda ekologiurad usafrTxo

adgilas biniT uzrunvelyofas an saxsrebis gamoyofas axali

binis SesaZenad.

27.

Seiyvana axali binis momlodineTa saerTo siaSi. igi siaSi rigiT

6820-e iyo (ix. qvemoT, `Sesabamisi Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

kanonmdebloba da praqtika~).

1999 wlis 27 agvistos municipalitetma ganmcxadebeli

28.

ar daakmayofila ganmcxadeblis sarCeli. sasamarTlom aRniSna,

rom ar arsebobda sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonebSi

1999 wlis 31 agvistos Cerepovecis saqalaqo sasamarTlom

mcxovrebTa binis momlodineTa prioritetuli sia da am mizniT

gansaxlebis aranairi sabWo ar Seqmnila. sasamarTlom daaskvna,

rom ganmcxadebeli jerovnad iyo Setanili momlodineTa saerTo

siaSi. sasamarTlom daadastura, rom 1996 wlis 17 aprilis

ganaCeni aRsrulebuli iqna. Sesabamisad, raime Semdgomi zomebis

miReba saWiro ar iyo. es ganaCeni daadastura vologdis saolqo

sasamarTlom 1999 wlis 17 noembers.

g.

dabinZurebis koeficienti ganmcxadeblis sacxovrebel

adgilas

29.

saxelmwifo xelisuflebis organoebi atareben regularul

inspeqciebs qalaqSi haeris xarisxis Sesamowmeblad. dabinZurebas

akontrolebs hidrometeorologiis saxelmwifo saagentos oTxi

stacionaruli sadguri, maT Soris erTi (sadguri

#

1)

ganlagebulia Jukovis q. #4-Si, ganmcxadeblis saxlidan 300

metris daSorebiT. xelisufleba akontrolebs cameti saSiSi

nivTierebis (azotis orJangis, amiakis, naxSirorJangis, mtvris,

gogirdwyalbadis, gogirdnaxSirbadis, karbolmJavis, fenolis,

formaldehidis, gogirdis orJangis, azotis Jangis, manganumis,

benzopirinis,

tyviis) emisiis

dones.

hidrometeorologiis

saxelmwifo saagentos oTxi stacionaruli sadguri akvirdeba

mxolod pirveli rva nivTierebis emisias; garda amisa, sadguri

#1 akontrolebs gogirdis orJangis, azotis orJangis, tyviis,

benzopiranis, manganumix, xolo sadguri #2 _ benzopiranis,

manganumisa da gogirdis orJangis emisias. amasTanave, sanitaruli

kontrolis saxelmwifo saagento regularulad amowmebs haers

foladis qarxnidan erTi, ori, xuTi, Svidi da cxrameti

kilometris manZilze. da bolos, `severstals~ aqvs kontrolis

sakuTari sistema, romelic afasebs emisias qarxnis samrewvelo

funqciis mqone TiToeuli Senobidan.

30.

rogorc Cans, pirveladi monacemebi garemos dabinZurebis

Sesaxeb, imis miuxedavad, saxelmwifo kontrolis sadgurebis

mier aris Sedgenili Tu `severstalis~, ar aris sajarod

xelmisawvdomi.

oficialuri dokumentebisa, romlebic Seicavs informacias

qalaqSi samrewvelo dabinZurebis Sesaxeb. aRniSnuli

orive

mxarem

warmoadgina

mTeli

rigi

dokumentebi, ramdenadac isini saqmesTan kavSirSia, mokled aris

mimoxiluli momdevno punqtebsa da winamdebare ganCinebis

danarTSi.

1.

ganmcxadeblis mier warmodgenili informcia

31.

ganmcxadeblis mtkicebiT, haerSi garkveuli toqsikuri

nivTierebebis koncentracia mis saxlTan axlos mudmivad

aRemateboda da dRemde aRemateba ruseTis kanonmdeblobiT

dadgenil usafrTxoebis koeficients. ase magaliTad, 1990-1999

wlebSi

haerSi

mtvris

saSualo

wliuri

koncentracia

`severstalis~ sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonaSi 1,6-1,9-jer

aRemateboda zdk-s, karbolmJavis koncentracia _ 1,4-4-jer, xolo

formaldehidis

koncentracia

–

2-4,7-jer

(Cerepovecis

sanitaruli kontrolis centris monacemebiT). Cerepovecis

hidrometeorologiis saxelmwifo saagentos daskvnis Tanaxmad,

zonaSi atmosferuli dabinZurebis done 1997-2001 wlebSi

Sefasebuli

iyo

rogorc

`maRali~

an

`Zalian

maRali~.

hidrometeorologiis saxelmwifo saagentom daadastura, rom

aRniSnul periodSi dafiqsirda sxva mavne nivTierebebis,

magaliTad,

gogirdwyalbadisa

da

amiakis

gadaWarbebuli

koncentracia.

32.

rac Seexeba 2002 wels, ganmcxadebelma warmoadgina

da bunebriv garemoze dakvirvebis

hidrometeorologiisa

saxelmwifo saagentos CrdiloeTis regionuli ofisis moxseneba.

am moxsenebis Sesabamisad, inter alia, 2002 wels mtvris wliuri

saSualo koncentracia ganmcxadeblis saxlTan axlos 1,9-iT

aRemateboda zdk-s. ivlisSi naxSirorJangis Warbi koncentracia

iqna dafiqsirebuli ganmcxadeblis saxlTan axlos: am elementis

koncentracia Tavis moklevadian pikSi Svidjer aRemateboda zdk-

s.

amasTanave,

saagentos

koncentracia

daskvnis

samjer

Sesabamisad,

aRemateboda

qalaqSi

zdk-s.

formaldehidis

ganmcxadeblis saxlTan axlos gogirnaxSirbadis saSualo

wliuri koncentracia 2,9-jer aRemateboda zdk-s. fenolis

koncentracia

moklevadian

pikSi

oTxjer,

xolo

gogirdwyalbadisa – 4,5-jer aRemateboda zdk-s.

33.

ganmcxadebelma agreTve warmoadgina hidrometeorologiisa

da bunebriv garemoze dakvirvebis saxelmwifo saagentos

CrdiloeTis regionuli ofisis vebgverdze gamoqveynebuli

informacia. aRniSnuli wyaros mixedviT, 2004 wlis aprilSi

CerepovecSi formaldehidis koncentracia normas aRemateboda.

2004 wlis martSi formaldehidis yovelTviuri saSualo

koncentracia 5-jer aRemateboda zdk-s.

34.

`severstalSi~ janmrTelobis dacvis RonisZiebebis ekonomikuri

efeqtianobis Sesaxeb~, romelic moamzada teqnikuri

ganmcxadebelma

agreTve

warmoadgina

gamokvleva

TanamSromlobis saerTaSoriso proeqtebis momzadebisa da

ganxorcielebis centrma, sajaro samarTlis iuridiulma pirma,

romelic 1993 wels dafuZnda maSindeli garemos dacvis

saxelmwifo

komitetis

zedamxedvelobis

qveS.

gamokvleva

SeukveTa Cerepovecis municipalitetma 1996 wlis federaluri

programiT gaTvaliswinebuli sxvadasxva RonisZiebebis xarjebis

efeqtianobis analizis Catarebis mizniT. eqspertTa jgufs xeli

miuwvdeboda monacemebze im 58 damabinZurebel nivTierebasTan

dakavSirebiT,

romlebsac

Seicavda

qarxana

`severstalis~

samrewvelo emisia. eqspertebma gamoarCies cameti yvelaze ufro

toqsikuri nivTiereba da, specialuri dispersiuli gavrcelebis

modelis gamoyenebiT, daadgines, Tu ra gavlenas axdenda isini

qalaqSi avadmyofobis maCvenebelze. SemdgomSi eqpertebma

gamoiangariSes, Tu rogor Seamcirebda am damabinZureblebis

koncentraciasa da, Sesabamisad, avadmyofobis maCvenebels

federaluri programiT gaTvaliswinebuli romelime RonisZiebis

ganxorcieleba.

35.

2004 wlis aprilSi ganmcxadebelma sasamarTlos acnoba,

rom SesaZlebelia damatebiTi informaciis gamoTxova mopasuxe

mTavrobisagan. kerZod, ganmcxadebels surda moepovebina:

a) monacemebi `severstalis~ ZiriTadi emisiis, maT Soris im

gamonabolqvis fizikuri parametrebisa da qimikatebis moculebis

Sesaxeb,

romlebsac

yovelwliurad

gamoyofda

TiToeuli

procesis dros `severstali~; b) monacemebi atmosferul haerSi

13 toqsikuri nivTierebis koncentraciis Sefasebis dispersiuli

modelis Sesaxeb rogorc X, ise Y sakoordinacio RerZebze, rac

efuZneboda

zemoxsenebul

monacemebs

emisiis

Sesaxeb.

ganmcxadebelma

miuTiTa,

rom am informaciis

mopoveba

SesaZlebeli iyo teqnikuri TanamSromlobis saerTaSoriso

proeqtebis momzadebisa da ganxorcielebis centrSi (ix. punqti

34). ganmcxadebels agreTve surda, mieRo monacemebi CerepovecSi

atmosferuli haeris xarisxis Sesaxeb, romlebic mopovebuli iqna

1998-1999 wlebSi ruseTis federaciaSi bunebrivi garemos marTvis

Sesaxeb

msoflio

bankis

mier

dafinansebuli

proeqtis

farglebSi. 2004 wlis maisSi sasamarTlom SesTavaza mopasuxe

mTavrobas,

warmoedgina

ganmcxadeblis

mier

miTiTebuli

informacia.

2.

mopasuxe mTavrobis mier warmodgenili informacia

36. 2004 wlis ivnisSi mTavrobam warmoadgina Cerepovecis

municipalitetis mier momzadebuli daskvna `CerepovecSi garemos

dacvis

mdgomareoba

da

misi

kavSiri

[`severstalis~]

saqmianobasTan 2004 wlamde periodisTvis~.

37. daskvnis mixedviT, CerepovecSi bunebrivi garemos mdgomareoba

gaumjobesebuli iqna bolo wlebSi: magaliTad, qalaqSi

damabinZureblebis didi emisia Semcirda 1999 wels 370,5-dan 2003

wels 346,7 aTas tonamde (anu 6,4 procentiT). mTliani emisia

`severstalidan~ am periodSi 355,3-dan 333,2 aTas tonamde (anu 5,7

procentiT) iqna Semcirebuli, xolo stacionarul sadgurebze

aradamakmayofilebeli Sedegebis xvedriTi wili 2003 wels 32,7-

dan 26 procentamde Semcirda.

38.

daskvnaSi

aRniSnuli

iyo,

rom,

hidrometeorologiis

saxelmwifo saagentos oTxi stacionaruli sadguridan miRebuli

monacemebis mixedviT, mTeli rigi mavne naerTebis koncentraciis

mniSvnelovani Semcireba iqna dafiqsirebuli 1999-2003 wlebSi:

(i)

mtveri – 0,2 mgr/m³-dan (zdk-is 1,28) 0,11 mgr/m³-mde (zdk-

is 0,66);

(ii)

(iii)

gogirdwyalbadi – 0,016 mgr/m³-dan (zdk-is 3,2) 0,006

mgr/m³-mde (zdk-is 1.2);

fenoli – 0,018 mgr/m³-dan (zdk-is 0,6) 0,14 mgr/m³-mde

(zdk-is 0,47).

39.

daskvnis Tanaxmad, dabinZureba ganmcxadeblis saxlis

mimdebare teritoriaze ar iyo aucileblad iseTive maRali,

rogorc qalaqis sxva adgilebSi. magaliTad, 2003 wels azotis

orJangis koncentracia #1 sadgurze iyo 0,025 mgr/m³, maSin,

rodesac #2 sadgurze _ 0,034 mgr/m³, xolo #3 sadgurze _ 0,029

mgr/m³aRiniSna.

amiakis

saSualo

dRiuri

koncentraciis

koeficienti, romelic #1 sadgurze dafiqsirda, iyo 0,016 mgr/m³,

#2 sadgurze – 0,017 mgr/m³, #3 sadgurze – 0,005 mgr/m³, xolo #4

sadgurze – 0,0082 mgr. fenolis koeficienti, romelic #1

sadgurze dafiqsirda, iyo 0,014 mgr/m³, #2 sadgurze – 0,015 mgr/m³,

#4 sadgurze

–

0,0012 mgr/m^3.. da bolos, formaldehidis

koncentracia #1 sadgurze iyo 0,019 mgr/m³, maSin, rodesac #2

sadgurze dafiqsirda 0,012 mgr/m³,

xolo #4 sadgurze – 0,02 mgr/m³.

#3 sadgurze – 0,018 mgr/m³,

40.

manganumis, azotmJavis, amiakis, gogirdwyalbadis, fenolis,

naxSirorJangisa da gogirdnaxSirbadis saSualo wliuri

daskvnaSi aRniSnuli iyo, rom azotis orJangis, tyviis,

koncentracia ar aRemateboda zdk-s. Warbi wliuri koncentracia

mxolod mtverTan, formaldehidsa da benzopirinTan mimarTebaSi

iqna dafiqsirebuli. 1999-2003 wlebSi atmosferuli haeris

xarisxis garkveuli gaumjobeseba dafiqsirda foladis qarxnis

`dabinZurebis gvirgvinis~ qveS qalaqis sacxovrebel nawilSi.

magaliTad, aradamakmayofilebeli Sedegebis xvedriTi wili 13,2

procenti iyo 1999 wels, maSin, rodesac 2003 wels igi 12,7

procentamde daeca. daskvnaSi xazgasmiT iyo aRniSnuli, rom

aradamakmayofilebeli Sedegebis xvedriTi wili mcirdeboda: 18,4-

dan 14,2 procentame qarxnidan 1000 metris radiusSi da 14,04-dan

12,8 procentamde 3000 metris radiusSi. pozitiuri tendencia

SeiniSneboda, agreTve, zogierT konkretul ingredientebTan

mimarTebiT:

1000

metris

radiusSi

aradamakmayofilebeli

Sedegebis Tanafardoba azotis orJangisTvis 1999 wels 50

procentidan 2003 wels 47 procentamde, gogirdwyalbadisTvis –

1999 wels 75-dan 2003 wels 20 procentamde, xolo fenolisTvis –

1999 wels 52-dan 2003 wels 38 procentamde Semcirda.

41.

ganzogadebul monacemebs dabinZurebis saSualo maCvenebelze

1999-2003 wlebSi, romlebic Segrovebuli iqna

mTavrobis

mier

warmodgenili

daskvna

Seicavda

hidrometeorologiis saxelmwifo saagentos oTxi stacionaruli

sadguris mier. mTavrobam agreTve warmoadgina #1 sadguris mier

dakvirvebis Sedegad miRebuli monacemebi, romlebic asaxavda

wliuri saSualo da maqsimaluri dabinZurebis doneebs 10-20

wlis win arsebul situaciasTan SedarebiT. aRniSnul daskvnaSi

aRwerili yvelaze mniSvnelovani monacemebi mokled winamdebare

ganCinebis danarTSia ganxiluli.

42.

mTavrobam agreTve warmoadgina amonaridebi vologdis

raionis mTavari sanitaruli inspeqtoris daskvnidan, romelic

momzadda 2004 wlis ivnisSi sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonisTvis

axali sazRvrebis dasadgenad. daskvnis mixedviT, 2004 wels

`severstali~ kvlav pasuxismgebeli iyo qalaqSi mTliani

dabinZurebis

`severstalis~ emisia Seicavda 80 sxvadasxva damabinZurebel

nivTierebas. bolo wlebSi dabinZurebis mniSvnelovnad

94-97

procentze.

daskvna

miuTiTebda,

rom

Semcirebis miuxedavad, `xuTi prioritetuli damabinZureblis~

(mtverisa, romelic Seicavs silikonis orJangis, mtvris, azotis

orJangis, naftalinisa da gogirdwyalbadis 20%-ze mets)

maqsimaluri koncentracia kvlav aRemateboda usafrTxoebis

standartebs erTidan xuTi kilometris radiusze qarxnidan

moSorebiT. daskvnaSi agreTve aRniSnuli iyo, rom `150 000

adamianze meti cxovrobda zonaSi, sadac safrTxis maqsimalurad

dasaSvebi

Camoyalibebuli iyo mTeli rigi RonisZiebebisa, romlebsac 2010

wlisaTvis unda Seemcirebina naftalinisa da mtvris

koeficienti

gadacilebuli

iyo~.

daskvnaSi

koncentracia usafrTxo zRvramde, da naTqvami iyo, rom

`severstalidan~ atmosferos qveda SreSi momdinare yvela

toqsikuri

nivTierebis

koncentracia

2005

wlisaTvis

maqsimalurad dasaSvebi koeficientis qveviT unda Camosuliyo.

43.

da bolos, mTavrobis gancxadebiT, Tu sasamarTlo

moisurvebs ganmcxadeblisa da misi advokatebis mier miTiTebuli

dokumentebis miRebas haeris dabinZurebis Taobaze ZiriTadi

informaciis

wyaros

saxiT,

maSin

`ruseTis

federaciis

saxelisuflebo organoebis azriT, es dokumenti gamoTxovili

unda iqnes b-ni koroteevisagan [ganmcxadeblis erT-erTi

warmomadgeneli]~.

d.

dabinZurebis Sedegebi ganmcxadeblisTvis

44.

1982

wlidan

q-ni

fadeeva

zedamxedvelobis

imyofeboda

qveS.

Cerepovecis

mTavrobis

saavadmyofos

klinikis

Tanaxmad, xsenebul klinikaSi ganmcxadeblis samedicino istoria

misi janmrTelobis gauaresebas ar ukavSirebs misi sacxovrebeli

adgilis araxelsayrel pirobebs.

45. 2001 wels klinikis samedicino personalma ganmcxadeblis

samuSao adgilze Caatara morigi samedicino Semowmeba yvela

TanamSromlisTvis. aRniSnuli Semowmebis Sedegad eqimebma xuT

muSas, maT Soris ganmcxadebels, aRmouCines profesiuli

daavadebis niSnebi. 2002 wels diagnozi dadasturda: sanqt-

peterburgis higienisa da janmrTelobis dacvis Crdilo-

dasavleTis samecniero centris saavadmyofos 2002 wlis 30

maisiT

ganmcxadebels

daavadebebi,

daTariRebuli

samedicino

nervuli

daskvnis

sistemis

Tanaxmad,

sxvadasxva

profesiuli

awuxebda

kerZod,

zeda

kidurebis

progresuli/motosensoruli nevropaTia mtevnis arxis doneze

orive Sida nervis paralizebasTan (Tavdapirveli diagnozi)

erTad,

xerxemlis

osteoqondrozi,

muxlis

saxsrebis

deformirebuli arTriti, Sua mielinis garsis gadagvareba,

Tormetgoja nawlavis qronikuli anTeba, pirveli xarisxis

Sorsmxedveloba da presbiopia (gamomdinare daavadeba). Tumca

daskvnaSi calsaxad ar yofila miTiTebuli am daavadebaTa

gamomwvevi faqtorebi, eqimebma ganacxades, rom isini gamwvavda

`vibraciis,

pirobebSi~.

toqsikuri

dabinZurebisa

da

mavne

klimatur

46. 2004 wels ganmcxadebelma warmoadgina daskvna `adamianebis

janmrTelobisaTvis Cerepovecis qarxana `severstalis~ mimdebare

teritoriaze damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa koeficientis riskis

Sefaseba~. aRniSnuli daskvna, romelic moiTxova ganmcxadebelma,

moamzada profesorma mark Cernaikma. eqim Cernaikis azriT,

mosalodneli iyo, rom zonaSi mcxovrebTa Soris saSualoze

metad yofiliyo gavrcelebuli daavadebebi respiratoruli

infeqciebis, surdos, xvelisa Tu Tavis tkivilis, farisebri

jirkvlis gaRizianebis, cxvirisa da sasunTqi milis simsivnis,

Tvalebis, cxvirisa Tu yelis qronikuli gaRizianebis, agreTve

nevrologiuri,

gul-sisxlZarRvTa

da

reproduqciuli

funqciebis moSlis saxiT. daskvnis mixedviT:

`Cerepovecis

aRmoCenili

sanitaruli

toqsikuri

usafrTxoebis

zonaSi

Warbad

airisebri

damabinZureblebi

damabinZureblebia, romlebsac uSvebs rkinisa da foladis

mwarmoebeli qarxnebi (konkretulad, metalurgiuli koqsis

warmoebis procesis meSveobiT) da ara zogadad sxva industriebi.

aqedan gamomdinare, gonivrulia davaskvnaT, rom sanitaruli

usafrTxoebis zonaSi mcxovrebi adamianebis janrTelobis

mdgomareobaze zemoxsenebuli uaryofiTi Sedegebis ZiriTadi

mizezia qarxana `severstalis~ araadekvaturad kontrolirebadi

emisia.~

47.

ganmcxadebelma

agreTve

warmoadgina

Cerepovecis

municipalitetis garemos dacvis departamentis sainformacio

nota, romelSic mocemuli iyo rekomendaciebi Cerepovecis

mosaxleobisaTvis, Tu rogor unda emoqmedaT `araxelsayreli

amindis pirobebSi~, kerZod, rodesac qari avrcelebda emisias

`severstalidan~ qalaqis mimarTulebiT. nota mosaxleobas

saxlebSi darCenisa da naklebi fizikuri datvirTvisaken

mouwodebda. igi agreTve iTvaliswinebda ramdenime rekomendacias

dietis kuTxiT. aRniSnul SemzRudav rekomendaciebs ZiriTadad

safuZvlad edo `severstalis~ emisia. ganmcxadebeli agreTve

miuTiTebda Cerepovecis sanitaruli kontrolis centris 2001

wlis 20 seqtembris werilze, romlis Tanaxmadac zemoxsenebuli

`araxelsayreli amindis pirobebSi~ bavSvebi 1,3-jer ufro xSirad

mimarTavdnen adgilobriv saavadmyofoebs.

II.

a.

Sesabamisi Sida kanonmdebloba da praqtika

bunebrivi garemos dacvis standartebi

48.

ruseTis federaciis konstituciis 42-e muxlis Tanaxmad:

`yvelas aqvs ufleba, cxovrobdes janmrTelobisaTvis uvnebel

garemoSi, xeli miuwvdebodes saTanado informaciaze da miiRos

kompensacia ekologiuri zemoqmedebis Sedegad janrTelobisa Tu

qonebisTvis miyenebuli zianis gamo~.

49.

sanitaruli

usafrTxoebis

Sesaxeb

(О

санитарно-

эпидемиологическом благополучии населения) 1999 wlis 30 martis

federaluri kanonis Sesabamisad, federaluri sanitaruli

samsaxuri adgens garemoze zemoqmedebis saxelmwifo standartebs

mosaxleobis

janmrTelobis

dacvis

mizniT.

kerZod,

es

standartebi gamoiyeneba haeris xarisxis Sefasebisas qalaqebSi:

atmosferuli dabinZurebis Sefaseba xdeba erTeuliT, zRvruli

dasaSvebi koeficientiT (zdk), romelic haerSi sxvadasxva

toqsikuri nivTierebebis koncentracias adgens. 2001 wlis

sanitaruli wesebis 2.1 muxlisa da atmosferulis haeris dacvis

Sesaxeb 1999 wlis kanonis 1-li muxlis mixedviT, Tu zdk ar aris

Warbi odenobiT, maSin haeri usafrTxoa Sesabamis teritoriaze

mcxovrebi adamianebis janmrTelobisa da keTildReobisaTvis.

sanitaruli

wesebis

2.2

muxlis

Sesabamisad,

qalaqebis

sacxovrebel raionebSi haeris xarisxi ar unda aRematebodes 1,0

zdk-s yvela kategoriis toqsikuri nivTierebebisaTvis, xolo

rekreaciul zonebSi – 0,8 zdk-s.

50.

atmosferuli haeris dacvis Sesaxeb (Об охране атмосферного

воздуха) 1999 wlis 4 maisis kanonis mixedviT, garemos dacvis

federaluri saagento adgens bunebrivi garemos standartebs

sxvadasxva saxis dabinZurebis wyaroebisTvis (manqanebi, fermebi,

samrewvelo sawarmoebi da a.S.). garemos dacvis regionuli

saagentoebi aRniSnul zogad standartebs iyeneben konkretul

sawarmoTa

funqcionireba ar unda iwvevdes iseT dabinZurebas, romelic

aRemateba zdk-s (kanonis me-16 muxli). Tumca, regionis

mimarT.

ZiriTadad,

samrewvelo

sawarmos

ekonomikuri ganviTarebis gamo, garemos dacvis regionul

saagentos SeuZlia gasces droebiTi nebarTva, romelic sawarmos

aZlevs uflebas, gadaaWarbos aRniSnul normebs (kanonis 1-li da

me-12 muxlebi). nebarTvas Tan unda erTvodes toqsikuri emisiis

usafrTxo donemde etapobrivi Semcirebis grafiki.

b.

sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zona

TiToeulma sawarmom, romelic iwvevs dabinZurebas, Tavisi

teritoriis garSemo unda Seqmnas `sanitaruli usafrTxoebis

zona~, anu buferuli sivrce, romelic dabinZurebis wyaros

ganacalkevebs qalaqis sacxovrebeli sivrcisgan (1996 wlis

sanitaruli wesebis 3.5 da 3.6 muxlebi, romlebic ZalaSi Sevida

saxelmwifo sanitaruli samsaxuris 1996 wlis 31 oqtombris # 41

gankargulebiT; analogiur debulebebs iTvaliswinebda 2000, 2001

da 2003 wlebis wesebi, romlebmac Secvala 1996 wlis wesebi).

aRniSnul

buferul

zonaSi

dabinZurebis

done

SeiZleba

aRematebodes zdk-s.

52. sxvadasxva kategoriis sawarmoTaTvis zonis minimaluri

sigane gansazRvrulia sanitaruli wesebiT. 1996 wlis wesebis

mixedviT, sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zona `severstalis~ zomis

foladis qarxnis garSemo unda iyos 2 000 metri. 2000 wlis 1

oqtombris sanitaruli wesebis mixedviT, am zomis metalurgiuli

sawarmosTvis sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonis sigane sul mcire

1

000 metri unda iyos. zogierT SemTxvevebSi saxelmwifo

sanitarul samsaxurs SeuZlia zonis gafarToeba (magaliTad,

rodesac haerSi toqsikuri nivTierebebis koncentracia zonis

farglebs

miRma

aRemateba

zdk-s).

SemdgomSi

miRebulma

sanitarulma wesebma (ZalaSi Sevida 2001 wlis 17 maiss da 2003

wlis 10 aprils) daamtkica es moTxovnebi.

53. qalaqis dagegmarebis Sesaxeb 1989 wlis wesebis 3.6 muxlis

Tanaxmad, sawarmom unda miiRos yvela aucilebeli zoma, raTa,

kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad, moawyos (обустроить) sanitaruli

usafrTxoebis zona dabinZurebis Semcirebis mizniT.

54. qalaqis dagegmarebis Sesaxeb 1989 wlis wesebis 3.8 muxlis

Tanaxmad, sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonis SigniT ar unda iyos

ganlagebuli sacxovrebeli saxlebi. es debuleba mogvianebiT

iqna CarTuli 1998 wlis qalaqis dagegmarebis kodeqsSi

(Градостроительный Кодекс) (muxli 43), agreTve 2001 wlis 17 maisisa

da 2003 wlis 10 aprilis sanitarul wesebSi. 2001 wlis

sanitaruli wesebis 3.3.3. muxlis Sesabamisad, zonis Seqmnis

proeqti maRalprioritetuli sakiTxis saxiT SeiZleba Seicavdes

zonis mosaxleobis gansaxlebas. Tumca eqspluataciaSi Sesuli

sawamos

sanitaruli

usafrTxoebis

zonaSi

mcxovrebTa

gansaxleba ar aris pirdapiri moTxovna.

55. 1998 wlis qalaqis dagegmarebis kodeqsis me-10 muxlis me-5

punqtis Sesabamisad:

`im SemTxvevebSi, rodesac saxelmwifo an sazogadoebrivi

interesebi moiTxovs, rom ekonomikuri an sxva saxis saqmianoba

ganxorcieldes im teritoriaze, sadac mavne bunebrivi garemoa,

dasaSvebia

mosaxleobis

droebiT

cxovreba

aRniSnul

teritoriaze im pirobiT, rom gamoyenebuli iqneba qalaqis

dagegmarebis specialuri reJimi...~

2.

praqtika

56.

Crdilo-kavkasiis

olqis

federaluri

komerciuli

sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT (2003 wlis 3 ivnisi, #Ф08-1540/2003),

xelisuflebis organoebs SeuZliaT kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad

Seuwyviton funqcionireba im sawarmos, romelmac ar Seqmna

sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zona.

57. ganmcxadebelma warmoadgina amonaridi ruseTis federaciis

umaRlesi sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebidan saqmeze `ivaSCenko

krasnoiarskis rkinigzis winaaRmdeg~ (Ivaschenko v. the Krasnoyarsk

Railways) (`umaRlesi sasamarTlos praqtikis mimoxilva~, Бюллетень

Верховного Суда РФ, #9, 1998 wlis 15 ivlisi, punqti 22). aRniSnul

SemTxvevaSi mosarCele moiTxovda dauyovnebel gasaxlebas

avariuli

saxlidan.

qveda

instanciis

sasamarTlom

ar

daakmayofila mosarCelis moTxovna, miuTiTa ra, rom mas SeeZlo

gansaxlebaze pretenzia ganecxadebina prioritetulobis rigis

dacviT (e.i. unda Caweriliyo binis momlodineTa siaSi).

umaRlesma sasamarTlom gaauqma es gadawyvetileba Semdegi

mosazrebidan gamomdinare:

`[mosarCelis] saxli ara mxolod avariulia [...], aramed agreTve

mdebareobs 30 metris daSorebiT rkinigzidan misi sanitaruli

usafrTxoebis zonis SigniT, rac ewinaaRmdegeba sanitarul

wesebs (am zonis sigane 100 metria da masSi dauSvebelia

sacxovrebeli binebis arseboba)~.

umaRlesma sasamarTlom saqme daubruna pirveli instanciis

sasamarTlos da ubrZana, moeZebna konkretuli sacxovrebeli,

romelsac SesTavazebdnen Sesabamis pirs Zveli sacxovreblis

sanacvlod.

58.

sxva

saqmeSi,

romelic

q-n

lediaevas,

`severstalis~

sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonaSi macxovreblis, gansaxlebas

exeboda, vologdis saolqo sasamarTlom, 2002 wlis 11

Tebervlis gadawyvetilebiT, daadgina, inter alia:

`qveda instanciis sasamarTlos ar Seufasebia, Tu ramdenad

adekvaturia sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonaSi mcxovrebTa

gansaxlebisaTvis ganxorcielebuli RonisZiebebi im safrTxisa,

romelic mosarCeles emuqreba. Sedegad, sasamarTlos ar

daudgenia,

SeiZleba

Tu

ara

CaiTvalos

[q-n

lediaevas]

uzrunvelyofa axali sacxovrebliT, sabinao kanonmdeblobis

Sesabamisad, misi momlodineTa rigSi moTavsebiT misTvis

realuri SesaZleblobis micemad, icxovros sicocxlisa da

janmrTelobisaTvis uvnebel garemoSi.~

sasamarTlom agreTve gamoxata daeWveba imasTan dakavSirebiT,

unda iyos Tu ara pasuxismgebeli saxelmwifo zonis mcxovrebTa

gansaxlebaze.

g.

ruseTis sabinao kanonmdeblobis mimoxilva

59.

sabWoTa periodSi ruseTSi binebis umravlesoba ekuTvnoda

sxvadasxva saxelmwifo organoebsa Tu saxelmwifo sawarmoebs.

mosaxleoba am binebSi mudmivi damqiraveblebis saxiT cxovrobda.

1990-ian wlebSi ganxorcielda farTomasStabiani saprivatizacio

programebi. garkveul SemTxvevebSi qoneba, romelic ar iqna

privatizebuli, sakuTrebaSi gadaeca adgilobriv xelisuflebas.

60.

dReisaTvis

ruseTis

mosaxleobis

garkveuli

nawili

damqiraveblis saxiT kvlav cxovrobs adgilobriv municipalur

binebSi upiratesobebiT sargeblobis gamo. kerZod, municipaluri

binis damqiraveblebs ar moeTxovebaT qonebis gadasaxadis

gadaxda,

isini

ixdian

qiras,

romelic

mniSvnelovnad

Camouvardeba sabazro Rirebulebas, da aqvT qonebiT srulad

sargeblobisa da misi kontrolis uflebebi. garkveul pirebs

aqvT ufleba, adgilobriv xelisuflebas mosTxovon axali

sacxovrebliT

uzrunvelyofa

im

SemTxvevaSi,

Tu

isini

akmayofileben kanonmdeblobiT dadgenil moTxovnebs.

61.

uzrunvelyofis moTxovna im ZiriTad socialur da ekonomikur

uflebebs ganekuTvneboda, rasac iTvaliswinebda sabWoTa

istoriuli

TvalTaxedviT,

axali

sacxovrebliT

kanonmdebloba. rsfsr-is 1983 wlis 24 ivnisis sabinao kodeqsis

mixedviT, romelic kvlav ZalaSi iyo ruseTSi, rodesac

winamdebare saqmis faqtobriv garemoebebs hqonda adgili,

TiToeul damqiravebels, romlis sacxovrebeli pirobebi ar

Seesabameboda standartebis moTxovnas, SeeZlo aRricxuliyo

adgilobrivi

xelisuflebis

momlodineTa

rigSi

axali

municipaluri binis misaRebad. rodesac gamoCndeboda axali

sacxovrebeli bina, mas im adamians miscemdnen, romelic binis

momlodineTa siaSi pirveli iyo.

62.

Tumca momlodineTa siaSi aRricxva ar aZlevda adamians

uflebas, moeTxova raime specialur pirobebi an grafiki

saxelmwifosagan axali binis misaRebad. adamianTa garkveul

kategorias,

magaliTad,

mosamarTleebs,

policielebsa

da

invalidebs, SeeZlo `momlodineTa prioritetul siaSi~ aRricxva.

miuxedavad amisa, rogorc Cans, ruseTis kanonmdebloba ar

iTvaliswinebda seriozuli ekologiuri saSiSroebis gamo

momlodineTa prioritetul siaSi aRricxvis aranair uflebas.

63.

sabWoTa periodis Semdeg asobiT aTasi rusi iqna ayvanili

aRricxvaze momlodineTa siaSi, romelic yovelwliurad ufro

grZeli xdeboda axali municipaluri binebis aSenebisaTvis

arasakmarisi resursebis gamo. amJamad momlodineTa siaSi

aRricxvaze yofnis faqti warmoadgens saxelmwifos nebis

gamoxatulebas biniT uzrunvelyofasTan dakavSirebiT, rodesac

resursebi iqneba xelmisawvdomi. Tumca ganmcxadebeli magaliTis

saxiT aRniSnavs, rom adamiani, romelic momlodineTa siaSi

pirveli ewera, 1968 wlidan elodeboda axal municipalur binas.

TviTon igi am siaSi 1999 wels rigiT 6820-e iyo.

samarTali

I.

konvenciis me-3 muxlis savaraudo darRveva

64.

ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom adgili hqonda konvenciis

me-8 muxlis darRvevas saxelmwifos mxridan, radgan man ver

SeZlo misi piradi cxovrebisa da sacxovreblis dacva mavne

bunebrivi

garemosagan,

rac

`severstalis~

samrewvelo

saqmianobiT iyo gamowveuli.

65.

konvenciis

me-3

muxli,

romelsac

eyrdnoboda

ganmcxadebeli, miuTiTebs:

`1.

yvelas aqvs ufleba, pativi scen mis pirad da ojaxur

cxovrebas, mis sacxovrebelsa da mis mimoweras.

2.

dauSvebelia sajaro xelisuflebis Careva am uflebis

ganxorcielebaSi, garda iseTi Carevisa, rac daSvebulia kanoniT

da

aucilebelia

demokratiul

sazogadoebaSi

usafrTxoebis

erovnuli

qveynis

uSiSroebis,

sazogadoebrivi

an

ekonomikuri keTildReobis interesebisaTvis an uwesrigobis Tu

danaSaulis Tavidan asacileblad, janmrTelobis an zneobis Tu

sxvaTa uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa dacvisaTvis.~

a.

1.

me-8 muxlis gamoyeneba winamdebare saqmeSi

ganmcxadeblis uflebebSi savaraudo Carevis Sinaarsi da

moculoba

66.

orive mxare eTanxmeba im faqts, rom ganmcxadeblis

sacxovrebel adgilze gavlenas axdenda samrewvelo dabinZureba.

maT ar gauprotestebiaT, rom dabinZurebis ZiriTadi mizezi

ganmcxadeblis saxlTan axlos mdebare foladis qarxana

`severstali~ iyo.

67. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom, miuxedavad amisa, mxareebi davoben

`severstalis~ mier dabinZurebis xarisxsa da im Sedegebze, rac

aman ganmcxadebelze iqonia. ganmcxadebeli daJinebiT miuTiTebs,

rom dabinZurebam seriozulad xelyo misi piradi cxovreba da

janmrTelobis mdgomareoba, xolo mopasuxe mTavrobis mtkicebiT,

ganmcxadeblis mier imis Sedegad gancdili ziani, rom misi

saxli sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonis SigniT mdebareobda, ar

wamoWrida sakiTxs konvenciis me-8 muxlis darRvevis kuTxiT.

mTavrobis pretenziis mixedviT, sasamarTlom pirvel rigSi unda

daadginos, xvdeba Tu ara konvenciis me-8 muxlis sferoSi is

situacia, romelsac amtkicebs ganmcxadebeli.

(a) zogadi principebi

68. me-8 muxli gamoiyeneba bunebriv garemosTan dakavSirebul

sxvadasxva SemTxvevebSi, magram yovelTvis ara aqvs mis darRvevas

adgili, rodesac xdeba bunebrivi garemos gauareseba: konvenciiT

gaTvaliswinebul uflebebsa da Tavisuflebebs Soris ar aris

bunebis SenarCunebis ufleba (ix. saqmeze Kyrtatos v. Greece

gamotanili ganCineba, # 41666/98, ECHR 2003-VI, punqti 52). aqedan

gamomdinare, imisaTvis, rom sakiTxi daisvas me-8 muxlis kuTxiT,

Careva uSualod unda xelyofdes ganmcxadeblis saxls, ojaxs an

mis pirad cxovrebas.

69. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom bunebrivi garemos dabinZurebis

uaryofiTi Sedegebi unda aRwevdes garkveul minimalur dones,

raTa moxvdes me-8 muxlis moqmedebis sferoSi (ix. López Ostra v.

Spain, 1994 wlis 9 dekemberis ganCineba, seria A # 303-C, gv. 54,

punqti 51; agreTve ix., mutatis mutandis, Hatton and Others v. the United

Kingdom [GC], # 36022/97, ECHR 2003-VIII, punqti 118). zemoxsenebuli

minimumis Sefaseba SedarebiTia da damokidebulia saqmis iseT

garemoebebze,

rogoricaa

dabinZurebis

intensiuroba

da

xangrZlivoba, misi fizikuri da moraluri Sedegebi. agreTve

mxedvelobaSi unda iqnes miRebuli bunebrivi garemos zogadi

konteqsti. me-8 muxlis Sesabamisad safuZvlian pretenzias ara

aqvs adgili, Tu is ziani, rasac asaCivreben, umniSvneloa

bunebrivi garemos im safrTxesTan SedarebiT, romelic yvela

Tanamedrove qalaqisTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli.

70. magaliTad, me-8 muxlis moqmedebas rom daeqvemdebaros,

bunebrivi garemos xelyofis Sesaxeb saCivrebi unda amtkicebdes,

pirvel rigSi, rom adgili hqonda realur Carevas ganmcxadeblis

pirad samyaroSi, xolo meore rigSi, rom sisastikis dones

aRwevda.

(b) ganmcxadeblis argumentacia

71. ganmcxadeblis mtkicebiT, bunebrivi garemos dabinZurebis

moculoba mis sacxovrebel saxlTan dRemde seriozul zians

ayenebs misi da misi ojaxis janmrTelobasa da keTildReobas.

72. ganmcxadebelma miuTiTa ramdenime dokumentze, romlebic, misi

azriT, metyvelebda foladis qarxana `severstalis~ samrewvelo

saqmianobis uaryofiT Sedegebze Cerepovecis mosaxleobisTvis.

kerZod, igi miuTiTebda eqim Cernaikis daskvnaze (ix. punqti 46),

sanqt-peterburgis higienisa da janmrTelobis dacvis centris

daskvnaze (ix. punqti 45), Cerepovecis municipalitetis bunebis

dacvis departamentisagan miRebul sainformacio notasa da

Cerepovecis sanitaruli kontrolis centris werilze (ix. punqti

47).

73. ganmcxadebeli aRniSnavda, rom 2004 wels sasamarTlom sTxova

mTavrobas

CerepovecSi

garkveuli

haeris

sabaziso

dabinZurebis

informaciis

Sesaxeb.

warmodgena

ganmcxadebeli

daJinebiT amtkicebda, rom mTavrobas xeli miuwvdeboda am

monacemebze, magram ar warudgina sasamarTlos. mTavrobis mier

momzadebuli

daskvna

mxolod

damabinZureblebis

donis

grZelvadian saSualo maCveneblebs Seicavda, rac ar iyo

sakmarisi imis gasarkvevad, Tu ra gavlenas axdenda CerepovecSi

aRniSnuli

damabinZureblebi

adamianis

janmrTelobaze.

ganmcxadeblis azriT, Tumca grZelvadiani saSualo maCveneblebi

TavisTavad bevrad aRemateboda usafrTxoebis dones, pikis

periodebSi ukiduresad momatebuli dabinZurebis SemTxvevebs

niRbavda. ganmcxadebeli moiTxovda, rom sasamarTlos uaryofiTi

daskvna gaekeTebina im faqtis gamo, rom mTavrobam ar

warmoadgina moTxovnili dokumentebi.

(g) mTavrobis argumentacia

74. mTavrobam zogadad aRiara, rom ganmcxadeblis saxlTan

axlos haerSi damabinZurebeli nivTierebebis koncentracia

aRemateboda bunebrivi garemos dacvis normebs. amasTan erTad, ar

arsebobda raime mtkicebuleba, rom ganmcxadeblis piradi

cxovreba an janmrTeloba garkveulwilad xelyofili iqna mis

saxlTan axlos foladis qarxnis funqcionirebis gamo. mTavroba

amtkicebda, rom `q-ni fadeevas [ganmcxadebeli] [`severstalis~]

sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonis teritoriaze cxovrebis faqti

miuTiTebda ara miyenebul zianze, aramed mxolod aseTi zianis

miyenebis SesaZleblobaze~.

75.

mTavrobam

aRniSna,

rom

Sida

sasamarTloebs

arc

ganmcxadeblis

janmrTelobaze

industriuli

dabinZurebis

gavlena ganuxilavT da arc am dabinZurebiT gamowveuli ziani.

mTavrobis mtkicebiT, ganmcxadebels es sakiTxi ar wamouWria

Sida sasamarTloebis winaSe samarTalwarmoebisas.

76. mTavrobam agreTve aRniSna, rom ganmcxadebelma ar mimarTa im

saSualebebs, romlebsac ruseTis kanonmdebloba iTvaliswinebda

bunebrivi

ganmcxadebels, janmrTelobis dacvis ministris 2001 wlis 15

agvistos gankargulebis Sesabamisad, SeeZlo gamoeTxova

garemos

safrTxis

SefasebisaTvis.

kerZod,

`sanitarul-epidemiologiuri daskvna~ bunebrivi garemos Sesaxeb.

garda amisa, mTavrobis daJinebuli mtkicebiT, `mosaxleobis

janmrTelobis

safrTxis

done

Sefasebuli

unda

iqnes

atmosferoSi emisiis Sesaxeb oficialurad daregistrirebul

monacemebze

Sejerebulia

dayrdnobiT,

ruseTis

romlebic

federaciis

gaanalizebuli

da

kanonmdeblobiT

gaTvaliswinebuli meTodebis gamoyenebiT~.

77. rac Seexeba higienisa da janmrTelobis dacvis Crdilo-

dasavleTis centris mier dasmul diagnozs (ix. punqti 45),

mTavrobis mtkicebiT, es profesiuli daavadeba (профессиональное

заболевание) iyo. mTavrobis TqmiT, ganmcxadebeli muSaobda

janmrTelobisaTvis mavne sawarmoSi; misi funqcia iyo milebisa

da mrewvelobis sxva Termosaizolacio mowyobilobebis daxurva.

aseTi samuSao, romelic moiTxovs fizikur Zalas, xSirad

sruldeboda gareT an iseT SenobebSi, romlebic ar Tbeboda.

amdenad, zemoxsenebuli daavadeba ganpirobebuli iyo ara

ganmcxadeblis sacxovrebeli adgiliT, aramed araxelsayreli

samuSao pirobebiT. mTavrobis azriT, ganmcxadeblis daavadeba

iyo farTod gavrcelebuli da damaxasiaTebeli misi asakis

adamianebisaTvis, miuxedavad maTi sacxovrebeli adgilisa.

78. mTavroba daeTanxma eqim Cernaikis daskvnaSi Camoyalibebul

pirvelad mosazrebas, magram gaaprotesta misi saboloo daskvna.

mTavrobis

usafrTxoebis zonaSi mcxovrebTa mometebuli midrekilebis

Sesaxeb garkveuli daavadebebis mimarT Tavisi xasiaTiT

gancxadebiT,

`Cernaikis

daskvna

sanitaruli

abstraqtulia, ar aris dasabuTebuli da, aqedan gamomdinare, ar

unda iqnes mxedvelobaSi miRebuli~.

(d) sasamarTlos Sefaseba

79. Tavdapirvelad sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom mtkicebulebaTa

Sefasebisas gamosayenebeli zogadi principia `gonivrul eWvs

miRma~ mtkicebis standarti. aseTi mtkiceba SesaZlebelia, Tu

erTdroulad arsebobs sakmarisad myari, mkafio da Tanmxvedri

varaudebi an msgavsi gaubaTilebeli prezumfciebi faqtTan

dakavSirebiT. aseve unda aRiniSnos, rom sasamarTlo Tavis

praqtikaSi iyenebs moqnil midgomas amasTan dakavSirebiT,

iTvaliswinebs sadavo materialuri uflebis xasiaTs da yvela

arsebul mtkicebulebiT sirTules. zog SemTxvevaSi mxolod

mopasuxe

mTavrobisTvis

aris

xelmisawvdomi

informacia,

romelic adasturebs an uaryofs ganmcxadeblis saCivrebs;

amitom SeuZlebelia affirmanti, non neganti, incumbit probatio principis¹

gamoyeneba (ix. Aktaş v. Turkey, #24351/94, punqti 272, ECHR 2003-V

(amonaridebi)).

80. rac Seexeba konkretulad mocemuli saqmis garemoebebs,

sasamarTlo

SeniSnavs,

rom,

ganmcxadeblis

azriT,

misi

janmrTeloba metalurgiuli qarxnis siaxloves misi cxovrebis

gamo gauaresda. erTaderTi dokumenturi mtkicebuleba, romelic

ganmcxadebelma Tavisi mosazrebis mxardasaWerad warmoadgina,

aris sanqt-peterburgis klinikis mier gacemuli cnoba (ix. punqti

45). sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom am cnobiT ar dasturdeba

mizezobrivi kavSiri dabinZurebasa da ganmcxadeblis daavadebebs

Soris. ganmcxadebels ar warmoudgenia raime sxva samedicino

mtkicebulebebi, romlebic mkafiod daadasturebda kavSirs mis

janmrTelobis mdgomareobasa da mis sacxovrebel adgilze

maRali xarisxis dabinZurebas Soris.

81. ganmcxadebelma aseve warmoadgina ramdenime oficialuri

dokumenti, romlebic adasturebs, rom 1995 wlidan (rodesac man

pirvelad mimarTa sasamarTlos) garemos dabinZurebis done mis

sacxovrebel adgilas mudmivad aWarbebda usafrTxoebis normebs

(ix. punqti 31 da misi Semdgomi punqtebi). ganmcxadeblis azriT,

es dokumentebi adasturebs, rom dabinZurebis aRniSnuli

xarisxisadmi daqvemdebarebuli nebismieri piris janmrTelobas

da normalur yofas gardauvlad adgeba mZime ziani.

82. rac Seexeba am gancxadebas, sasamarTlo mxedvelobaSi iRebs,

pirvel rigSi, rom konvencia ruseTis mimarT ZalaSi Sevida 1998

wlis 5 maiss. amitom mxolod am TariRis Semdgomi periodis

gaTvaliswinebaa SesaZlebeli ganmcxadeblis piradi cxovrebis

savaraudo xelyofis xasiaTisa da masStabis dadgenisas.

83. sasamarTlosTvis wardgenili masalebis Tanaxmad, 1998 wlamde

dabinZurebis

xarisxi

sxvadasxva

parametriT

aWarbebda

adgilobriv normebs. kerZod, mTavrobis mier warmodgenili

monacemebi adasturebs, rom 1999-2003 wlebSi mtvris, gogirdis

naxSirJangisa da formaldehidis odenoba haerSi ganmcxadeblis

saxlis

siaxloves

muxmivad

aWarbebda

zRvrul

dasaSveb

koeficients (zdk) (ix. am ganCinebis danarTi). 1999 wels mtvris

koncentracia 1,76-jer aWarbebda zdk-s, xolo 2003 wels – 1,13-

jer. 1999 wels gogirdis naxSirJangis koncentracia 3,74-jer

aRemateboda zdk-s; 2003 wels am nivTierebis koncentracia

Semcirda,

magram

1,12-jer

mainc

aRemateboda

zdk-s.

formaldehidis koncentracia 4,53-jer aWarbebda zdk-s. 2003 wels

igi 6,3-jer aRemateboda zdk-s. garda amisa, aRniSnul periodSi

fiqsirdeboda sxva nivTierebebis siWarbec, rogoricaa marganeci,

¹mtkicebis tvirTi ekisreba mas, vinc amtkicebs da ara mas, vinc uaryofs

(mTargmnelis SeniSvna)

benzopireni da gogirdis gazi (ix. punqti 38 da misi momdevno

punqtebi).

84.

sasamarTlo

aseve

SeniSnavs,

rom

mTavrobis

mier

warmodgenili cifrebi asaxavs mxolod wliur saSualo

maCveneblebs da ara dabinZurebis yoveldRiur an maqsimalur

xarisxs.

Tavad

mTavrobis

TqmiT,

ganmcxadeblis

saxlis

siaxloves

dafiqsirebuli

damabinZureblebis

maqsimaluri

koncentraciebi xSirad aTjer aRemateboda saSualo wliur zdk-

s (romelic isedac aWarbebda usafrTxoebis dasaSvebs normebs).

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom mTavrobas ar ganumartavs, Tu ratom

ar warmoadgina man sasamarTlos mier moTxovnili dokumentebi

da angariSebi (ix. punqti 43) miuxedavad imisa, rom am

dokumentebis

mopoveba

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

organoebidan

namdvilad SesaZlebeli iyo. amitom sasamarTlo askvnis, rom

garemos mdgomareoba rig periodebSi SeiZleba uaresic yofiliyo

mowodebul monacemebTan SedarebiT.

85. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom saxelmwifom mravaljer aRiara,

rom CerepovecSi arsebuli garemos mdgomareoba qalaqelebis

momatebuli sikvdilianobis mizezi iyo (ix. punqtebi 12, 15, 34, 47).

ganmcxadeblis mier warmodgenili daskvnebi da oficialuri

dokumentebi, kerZod, doqtor mark Cernaikis angariSi (ix. punqti

46), aRwers dabinZurebis negatiuri zemoqmedebis Sedegebs

Cerepovecis yvela macxovrebelze, gansakuTrebiT, qarxanasTan

axlos macxovrebel adamianebze. magaliTad, orive mxaris mier

warmodgenili

monacemebis

Tanaxmad,

mTeli

gansaxilveli

periodis ganmavlobaSi formaldehidis koncentracia haerSi

ganmcxadeblis saxlis siaxloves 3-6-jer meti iyo usafrTxo

normaze. doqtori Cernaiki formaldehidis negatiur Sedegebs

Semdegnairad aRwers:

`Cerepovecis

sanitaruli

usafrTxoebis

zonaSi

formaldehidisadmi arsebuli daucvelobis gaTvaliswinebiT,

savaraudoa, rom zonaSi mcxovrebi mosaxleoba saSualoze metad

iqneba daavadebuli sasunTqi gzebis kiboTi, Tavis tkivilebiT da

yel-yur-cxviris da Tvalebis qronikuli gaRizianebiT, im

mosaxleobasTan SedarebiT, romelic cxovrobs formaldehidis

Warbi dozebiT daubinZurebel raionebSi~.

rac Seexeba gogirdis naxSirJangs, romlis koncentraciac zdk-s

aRemateboda 1,1-3,75-jer mTeli am periodis ganmavlobaSi (2002

wlis garda), doqtori Cernaiki acxadebs:

`Cerepovecis

sanitaruli

usafrTxoebis

zonaSi

CS2-sadmi

arsebuli daucvelobis gaTvaliswinebiT, savaraudoa, rom zonaSi

mcxovrebi mosaxleoba saSualoze metad iqneba daavadebuli

nevro-qceviTi,

nevrologiuri,

gulsisxlZarRvTa

da

reproduqciuli

funqciebis moSliT,

im mosaxleobasTan

SedarebiT,

romelic

cxovrobs

CS2-is

Warbi

dozebiT

daubinZurebel raionebSi~.

86. da bolos, sasamarTlo gansakuTrebul yuradRebas aqcevs

imas, rom Sidasaxelmwifoebrivma sasamarTloebma mocemul

saqmeze aRiares, rom ganmcxadebels hqonda sxva adgilas

gansaxlebis ufleba. dabiZurebis gavlenas ganmcxadeblis pirad

cxovrebaze

marTlac

ar

daTmobia

ZiriTadi

yuradReba

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi samarTalwarmoebisas. magram, rogorc

vologdis olqis sasamarTlos mosazrebidan gamomdinareobs,

romelic man lediaevas saqmeze gamoTqva (punqti 58), sadavo ar

iyo, rom `severstalis~ meqanizmebiT gamowveuli dabinZureba

iwvevda usafrTxo adgilas gansaxlebis saWiroebas. aseve, TviT

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi kanonmdebloba ganmcxadeblis saxlis

mdebareobis

mizanSeuwonels (ix. punqti 51). amitom, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom

ganmcxadeblis piradi cxovrebis xelyofis faqti

dadasturebulad CaiTvala Sidasaxelmwifoebriv doneze.

zonas

gansazRvravda,

rogorc

sacxovreblad

87. Sejamebis saxiT sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom mniSvnelovani

drois ganmavlobaSi ganmcxadeblis saxlis siaxloves haerSi

arsebuli sxvadasxva toqsikuri nivTierebebis koncentracia

mniSvnelovnad aWarbebda zdk-s. ruseTis kanonmdebloba zdk-s

gansazRvravs,

rogorc

toqsikuri

nivTierebebis

usafrTxo

koncentraciis dones (ix. punqti 49). amitom zdk-s gadaWarbebis

SemTxvevaSi dabinZureba potenciurad saSiSi xdeba misdami

daqvemdebarebuli adamianebis janmrTelobisa da normaluri

yofisTvis. es aris varaudi, romelic SesaZloa am konkretul

SemTxvevaSi ar Seesabamebodes sinamdviles. igive SeiZleba iTqvas

ganmcxadeblis mier warmodgenil daskvnebze: Warbi dabinZurebisa

da mTlianad mosaxleobaze misi dadasturebuli negatiuri

zegavlenis miuxedavad, ganmcxadebels SeiZleba ar ganucdia

konkretuli da gansakuTrebuli ziani.

88. magram mocemul saqmeSi arapirdapiri mtkicebulebebisa da

prezumfciebis metad Zlieri kombinacia SesaZlebels xdis

davaskvnaT, rom ganmcxadeblis janmrTeloba gauaresda didi

xnis

ganmavlobaSi

metalurgiuli

qarxana

`severstalis~

sawarmoo emisiebisadmi daqvemdebarebis Sedegad. Tundac rom

davuSvaT, rom dabinZurebas misi janmrTelobisTvis ar miuyenebia

gazomvadi ziani, aRniSnulis Sedegad igi, sul mcire, ufro

daucveli gaxda sxvadasxva daavadebebisadmi. garda amisa,

ueWvelia, rom dabinZurebam uaryofiTi gavlena iqonia misi

cxovrebis xarisxze sakuTar saxlSi. amitom sasamarTlo

iziarebs Tvalsazriss, rom ganmcxadeblis janmrTelobisa da

normaluri yofisTvis miyenebuli faqtobrivi ziani aRwevs im

dones, rac aucilebelia konvenciis me-8 muxlis moqmedebis

sferoSi mosaxvedrad.

2. savaraudo xelyofis mikuTvneba saxelmwifosTvis

89. sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom gansaxilvel dros saxelmwifo ar

flobda, ar akontrolebda da ar amuSavebda metalurgiul

qarxana `severstals~. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom ver

iTqmeba, rom ruseTis federaciam uSualod xelyo ganmcxadeblis

piradi cxovreba an misi sacxovrebeli adgili. amave dros,

sasamarTlo

garemosTan dakavSirebul saqmeebze SeiZleba wamoiWras kerZo

sawarmoebis saqmianobis dauregulireblobis gamoc (ix.

zemoxsenebuli saqme Hatton and Others). amitom ganmcxadeblis

saCivrebi unda gaanalizdes saxelmwifos pozitiuri

valdebulebis WrilSi ganaxorcielos gonivruli da

aRniSnavs,

rom

saxelmwifos

pasuxismgebloba

–

adekvaturi RonisZiebebi konvenciis me-8 muxlis pirveli punqtiT

gaTvaliswinebuli ganmcxadeblis uflebebis uzrunvelsayofad

(ix. 1990 wlis 21 Tebervlis ganCineba saqmeze Powell and Rayner v. the

United Kingdom, Series A, # 172, punqti 41, da 1998 wlis 19 Tebervlis

ganCineba saqmeze Guerra v. Italy, Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1998-I,

punqti 58). am garemoebebSi sasamarTlos pirveli amocanaa,

Seafasos, moeTxoveboda Tu ara saxelmwifos gonivrulad iseTi

qmedebebis

ganxorcieleba,

romlebiTac

Tavidan

iqneboda

acilebuli

an dasrulebuli

ganmcxadeblis

uflebebis

savaraudo xelyofa.

90.

metalurgiuli qarxana `severstali~ aSenda saxelmwifos mier da

Tavdapirvelad ekuTvnoda saxelmwifos. qarxana Tavidanve

amasTan

dakavSirebiT

sasamarTlo

SeniSnavs,

rom

xarvezebiT muSaobda, gamoscemda kvamls, suns da dabinZurebas,

CerepovecSi mcxovreb mraval adamianSi iwvevda janmrTelobis

problemebs an Semawuxebeli iyo maTTvis (ix. danarTi, agreTve

punqtebi 11 da 12). 1993 wels qarxnis privatizaciis Semdeg

saxelmwifo kvlav agrZelebda kontrols qarxnis sawarmoo

saqmianobaze,

qarxnis

mflobelze

saoperacio

pirobebis

dakisrebiT da am pirobebis Sesrulebaze kontroliT. qarxana

mravaljer Semowmda saxelmwifos garemosdacviTi organoebis

mier da mis mflobelsa da menejments administraciuli

jarimebic daekisraT (ix. qvemoT, punqti 114). davis sagnad qceuli

garemos mdgomareoba ar aris ucabedi da moulodneli viTarebis

Sedegi, piriqiT, is xangrZlivi da sayovelTaod cnobili

movlenebiTaa gamowveuli (ix. punqtebi 11, 12 da 15). iseve, rogorc

lopes ostras saqmeSi (ix. zemoT punqtebi 52-53, López Ostra v. Spain),

mocemul saqmeSic municipaluri xelisufleba saqmis kursSi iyo

garemos problemebTan dakavSirebiT da iyenebda garkveul

sanqciebs mdgomareobis gamosasworeblad.

91.

sasamarTlo

SeniSnavs,

rom

metalurgiuli

qarxana

`severstali~ iyo da rCeba 95%-iT pasuxismgeblad qalaqSi haeris

saerTo dabinZurebaze (ix. punqti 42). sxva mravali qalaqisgan

gansxvavebiT, sadac dabinZureba SeiZleba gamowveuli iyos didi

raodenobis sxvadasxva mcire wyaroebiT, dabinZurebis mTavari

wyaro CerepovecSi advilad misagnebi iyo. sadavod qceuli

garemos problemebi Zalian konkretuli iyo da srulad

miewereboda erTi konkretuli sawarmos saqmianobas. amas ki

gansakuTrebuli zegavlena hqonda `severstalis~ siaxloves

mcxovrebi adamianebisTvis.

92. sasamarTlo askvnis, rom mocemul saqmeSi xelisuflebas

namdvilad SeeZlo Seefasebina dabinZurebis riski da mieRo

saTanado zomebi mis Tavidan asacileblad an Sesamcireblad.

aRniSnuli faqtorebis kombinacia aCvenebs sakmaris kavSirs

damabinZurebel emisiebsa da saxelmwifos Soris, ris Sedegadac

dgeba saxelmwifos pozitiuri valdebulebis sakiTxi me-8 muxlis

safuZvelze.

93. gasarkvevi rCeba, ganmcxadeblis uflebebis dacvisas daicva

Tu ara saxelmwifom samarTliani wonasworoba ganmcxadeblis

interesebsa da zogadad sazogadoebis interesebs Soris, rac

gaTvaliswinebulia me-8 muxlis me-2 punqtiT.

B. dasabuTeba me-8 muxlis me-2 punqtis mixedviT

1. zogadi principebi

94. sasamarTlo imeorebs, rom romeli analitikuri midgomac ar

unda iqnes gamoyenebuli – pozitiuri valdebulebis darRveva Tu

saxelmwifos mier xelyofa

safuZvelze dasasabuTeblad

–

me-8 muxlis me-2 punqtis

gamosayenebeli principebi

pirovnebis uflebasa da mTlianad sazogadoebis interesebs

Soris wonasworobis TvalsazrisiT orive SemTxvevaSi msgavsia

(ix. 1994 wlis 26 maisis ganCineba saqmeze Keegan v. Ireland, Series A,

# 290, gv. 19, punqti 49).

95.

saxelmwifos

mxridan

me-8

muxliT

gaTvaliswinebuli

uflebebis xelyofa SeusabamobaSi iqneba me-2 punqtTan, garda im

SemTxvevisa, rodesac aseTi xelyofa xorcieldeba `kanonis

Sesabamisad~.

aseT

SemTxvevaSi

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

kanonmdeblobis darRveva aucileblad gamoiwvevs konvenciis

darRvevis faqtis aRiarebas.

96.

magram

rodesac

saxelmwifos

moeTxoveba

pozitiuri

RonisZiebebis ganxorcieleba, arCevanis saSualeba, principSi,

xelSemkvrel saxelmwifoTa diskreciazea damokidebuli. `piradi

cxovrebis

pativiscemis~

uzrunvelyofisTvis

sxvadasxva

saSualeba arsebobs da saxelmwifom rom Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli erTi konkretuli RonisZieba

ar ganaxorcielos, mas mainc SeuZlia Tavisi pozitiuri

valdebuleba sxva saSualebebiTac Seasrulos. amitom am

SemTxvevebSi

dasabuTebisTvis saWiro standarti, ver iqneba gamoyenebuli,

iseve, rogorc saxelmwifos mxridan uSualo xelyofis

SemTxvevebSi.

`kanonis

Sesabamisobis~

kriteriumi,

rogorc

97. amave dros, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom yvela wina saqmeSi,

romlebSic garemos dacvasTan dakavSirebiT iyo wamoWrili

konvenciis darRvevis sakiTxi, darRveva ganpirobebuli iyo

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi organoebis mier TavianTi kanonmdeblobis

romelime calkeuli moTxovnis SeusruleblobiT. magaliTad,

lopes ostras saqmeSi nagvis gadamamuSavebeli qarxana ukanonod

eweoda saqmianobas, radgan mas ar gaaCnda Sesabamisi licenzia

da sabolood igi daixura (zemoT, punqtebi 16-22, ganCineba lopes

ostras saqmeze). aseve, geras saqmeSi konvenciis darRveva

dadginda Sidasaxelmwifoebriv doneze kanonTan Seusabamobis

gamo, kerZod, ganmcxadeblebma ver SeZles im informaciis

mopoveba, romlis gacemac saxelmwifos sakuTari kanonmdeblobiT

evaleboda (zemoxsenebuli saqme Guerra and Others v. Italy, gv. 219,

punqtebi 25-7). saqmeSi S. v. France (# 13728/88, komisiis 1990 wlis 17

maisis gadawyetileba, Decisions and Reports (DR) 65, gv 263)

mxedvelobaSi iqna miRebuli kanoniereba Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

kanonmdeblobis mixedviT.

98.

saxelmwifos uCivis imis gamo, rom ar iqna daculi konvenciiT

gaTvaliswinebuli misi uflebebi, kanoniereba

magaliTad,

im

saqmeebSi,

romlebSic

ganmcxadebeli

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi kanonmdeblobis mixedviT gamoyenebuli

unda iyos ara rogorc calke da saboloo standarti, aramed

rogorc erT-erTi aspeqti sxva mraval aspeqts Soris, romlebic

mxedvelobaSi unda iqnes miRebuli imis dasadgenad, daicva Tu

ara saxelmwifom `samarTliani wonasworoba~ me-8 muxlis me-2

punqtis mixedviT.

2. `legitimuri mizani~

99. rodesac saxelmwifos moeTxoveba pozitiuri RonisZiebebis

ganxorcieleba

ganmcxadeblis

interesebsa

da

mTlianad

sazogadoebis interesebs Soris samarTliani wonasworobis

dasamyareblad, garkveuli datvirTva SeiZleba hqondes me-8

muxlis me-2 punqtSi aRniSnul miznebs, Tumca es debuleba

mxolod

`xelyofaze~

saubrobs

pirveli

punqtiT

gaTvaliswinebul uflebasTan mimarTebaSi; anu, sxva sityvebiT

rom vTqvaT, es debuleba gulisxmobs pirvel punqtSi aRniSnuli

valdebulebidan gamomdinare negatiur valdebulebas (ix. 1986

wlis 17 oqtombris ganCineba saqmeze Rees v. the United Kingdom, Series

A, # 106, gv. 15, punqti 37).

100. sasamarTlo SeniSnavs, rom ganmcxadeblis gansaxlebaze

uaris

mTavrobiseuli

dasabuTeba

ZiriTadad

eyrdnoboda

Cerepovecis

romlebsac

kanonmdeblobiT.

xelisuflebas

im

ufaso

sxva

macxovrebelTa

ufleba

radgan

interesebis

dacvas,

Sida

sacxovreblis

mTavrobis

mxolod

hqondaT

azriT,

municipalur

SezRuduli

resursebi

gaaCnda

socialuri miznebiT axali saxlebis asaSeneblad, marto

ganmcxadeblis gansaxlebiT dairRveoda binis rigSi Cawerili

sxva adamianebis uflebebi.

101. mopasuxe mTavrobam argumentad miuTiTa mTlianad qveynis

ekonomikur keTildReobaze (ix. qvemoT, punqti 111). iseve, rogorc

mopasuxe mTavrobas, sasamarTlosac miaCnia, rom metalurgiuli

qarxnis uwyveti muSaoba xels uwyobda vologdis regionSi

ekonomikuri sistemis ganviTarebas da am kuTxiT emsaxureboda

legitimur mizans konvenciis me-8 muxlis me-2 punqtis gagebiT.

gasarkvevi rCeba, daicva Tu ara xelisuflebam am miznis

misaRwevad

wonasworoba

qmedebebis

ganmcxadeblis

ganxorcielebisas samarTliani

interesebsa da mTlianad

sazogadoebis interesebs Soris.

3. `aucilebeli demokratiul sazogadoebaSi~

(a) zogadi principebi

102. sasamarTlo miuTiTebs, rom imis Sefasebisas, Tu ra aris

aucilebeli konvenciis me-8 muxlis me-2 punqtSi aRniSnuli

miznebis misaRwevad, Sidasaxelmwifoebriv organoebs Tavisufali

diskrecia gaaCniaT, radgan maT saerTaSoriso sasamarTloze

ukeT SeuZliaT adgilobrivi saWiroebebisa da pirobebis

Sefaseba. marTalia, aucileblobis Tavdapirveli Sefaseba

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi organoebis saqmea, magram sasamarTlos

SeuZlia gaakeTos saboloo Sefaseba imisa, aris Tu ara

Sesabamisi da sakmarisi saxelmwifos mier moyvanili dasabuTeba

(sxva avtoritetul wyaroebs Soris ix. saqme Lustig-Prean and Beckett

v. the United Kingdom, ## 31417/96 da 32377/96, 1999 wlis 27 seqtemberi,

punqtebi 80-81).

103.

bolo

aTwleulebis

SeSfoTebis

manZilze

dabinZureba

iqca.

mzardi

Sedegad

sazogadoebrivi

problemad

saxelmwifoebma miiRes sxvadasxva zomebi sawarmoo saqmianobis

uaryofiTi gavlenis Sesamcireblad. konvenciis pirveli oqmis

pirveli muxlis WrilSi am zomebis Sefasebisas sasamarTlom

wesis saxiT miiRo, rom saxelmwifoebs Sefasebis farTo

diskrecia aqvT garemosdacviT sakiTxebze. magaliTad, 1991 wels

saqmeze Fredin v. Sweden (1991 wlis 18 Tebervlis ganCineba, Series A,

#

192, punqti 48) sasamarTlom aRiara, rom `dRevandel

sazogadoebaSi garemos dacva mzardi mniSvnelobis sakiTxia~ da

daadgina, rom kerZo sakuTrebis uflebis xelyofa (bunebis

konservaciis safuZvliT ganmcxadeblisTvis licenziis gauqmeba,

romelic mas uflebas aZlevda, misi sakuTari miwidan moepovebina

qva-RorRi)

ar

iyo

mizanSeuwoneli

an

araproporciuli

konvenciis pirveli oqmis pirveli muxlis gagebiT. es midgoma

sasamarTlom daadastura aseve imave wels saqmeze Pine Valley

Development Ltd and Others v. Ireland (1991 wlis 29 noembris ganCineba,

Series A, # 222).

104. sxva saqmeebSi, romlebic saxelmwifos mxridan umoqmedobas

Seexeboda,

sasamarTlom

aseve

arCia,

Tavi

Seekavebina

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi garemosdacviTi wesebis gadasinjvisgan.

amaswindel didi palatis ganCinebaSi sasamarTlom ganacxada,

rom `mizanSewonili ar iqneboda sasamarTlosTvis, rom man

SeimuSaos

dakavSirebuli

specialuri

adamianis

midgoma

uflebebis

am

kuTxiT,

specialuri

garemosTan

statusis

motiviT~ (zemoxsenebuli hatonis saqme, punqti 122). ufro

adrindel saqmeSi sasamarTlom ganacxada, rom `... sasamarTlos

saqme aSkarad ar aris Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi xelisuflebis

organoebis Canacvleba gadawyvetilebis miRebisas imis Taobaze,

Tu ra aris saukeTeso politika mocemul rTul teqnikur da

socialur sferoebSi. es is sferoebia, romlebSic xelSemkvreli

saxelmwifoebi unda sargeblobdnen gadawyvetilebis miRebis

farTo diskreciiT~ (zemoxsenebuli saqme Powell and Rayner v. the

United Kingdom, gv. 89, punqti 44).

105.

sasamarTlos

mier

dasadgeni

rCeba,

rom

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivma organoebma aSkara SefasebiTi Secdoma

dauSves mocemul sferoSi sxvadasxva kerZo pirebis konfliqtur

interesebs Soris samarTliani wonasworobis uzrunvelyofis

TvalsazrisiT.

magram

garemosdacviTi

sakiTxebis

kompleqsurobis gamo sasamarTlos roli mxolod meoradi

xasiaTisaa. sasamarTlom jer unda gamoarkvios, iyo Tu ara

gadawyvetilebis

miRebis

procesi

samarTliani

da

iseTi,

romelic uzrunvelyofs me-8 muxliT garantirebuli pirovnebis

interesebis saTanado pativiscemas (ix. 1996 wlis 25 seqtembris

ganCineba saqmeze Buckley v. the United Kingdom, Reports of Judgments and

Decisions 1996-IV, gv. 1292-93, punqtebi 76-77); mxolod gamonaklis

SemTxvevebSi SeiZleba sasamarTlom gadakveTos es zRvari da

gadasinjos Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi organoebis arsebiTi daskvnebi

(ix. saqme Taşkin and Others v. Turkey, # 46117/99, punqti 117, 2004 wlis

10 noemberi).

(b) ganmcxadeblis argumentebi

106. ganmcxadebelma Tavdapirvelad ganacxada, rom ruseTis

kanonmdebloba iTvaliswinebda mis gansaxlebas `severstalis~

sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonis gareT. misi azriT, 1974 wlis

brZanebuleba (ix. punqti 11) saxelmwifos avaldebulebda,

moexdina misi gansaxleba sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonis gareT.

sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonis macxovrebelTa gansaxleba

savaldebulo iyo, agreTve, 1996 wlis federaluri programiT (ix.

punqti 15). kanonmdebloba, ganmartebuli uzenaesi sasamarTlos

mier ivaSCenkos saqmeSi, moiTxovs ganmcxadeblis dauyovnebliv

gansaxlebas da ara mis Seyvanas binis momlodineTa siaSi.

gansaxlebisaTvis saWiro erTaderTi kriteriumi yovelTvis iyo

mxolod is faqti, rom piri cxovrobs sanitaruli usafrTxoebis

zonaSi. magram xelisuflebam ar Seasrula masze dakisrebuli

iuridiuli valdebuleba, ganesaxlebina ganmcxadebeli da am

valdebulebis

Sesruleba

ar

iqna

uzrunvelyofili

sasamarTloebis mier.

107. Tavis argumentebSi mopasuxe mTavrobam miuTiTa saqalaqo

dagegmarebis kodeqsis me-10 muxlis me-5 punqtze, rogorc

ganmcxadeblis sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonaSi cxovrebis

gamamarTlebel argumentze (ix. punqti 55). magram, ganmcxadeblis

azriT, es debuleba gamoiyeneba mxolod droebiTi sacxovrebeli

adgilebis

adgilebisa

da

ara

saxlebis

mWidrod

dasaxlebuli

sacxovrebeli

erT-erTSi

mimarT,

romelTagan

cxovrobs ganmcxadebeli. amitom mTavrobis mier miTiTebuli

saqalaqo dagegmarebis kodeqsis me-10 muxlis me-5 punqti

ganmcxadeblis viTarebis mimarT ar gamoiyeneba.

108. ganmcxadebeli aseve amtkicebs, rom xelisuflebam ar miiRo

adekvaturi zomebi konvenciis me-8 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli

misi uflebebis uzrunvelsayofad. pirveli, mTavrobas ar ucdia,

daesabuTebina me-8 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli ganmcxadeblis

uflebebis xelyofa raime safuZvliani mizeziT. meore, mTavrobam

ar gaatara efeqtiani RonisZiebebi garemos dabinZurebis Tavidan

asacileblad an Sesamcireblad. `severstalidan~ gavrcelebuli

dabinZurebis

dauSvebeli

normebis

Sesaxeb

arsebuli

damajerebeli mtkicebulebebis miuxedavad, Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

zRvruli normebis darRveviT, mTavroba ubralod amtkicebs, rom

`garemos dabinZurebasTan dakavSirebiT ar wamoWrila [am qarxnis]

saqmianobis SezRudvis, SeCerebis an Sewyvetis sakiTxi.~

(c) mTavrobis argumentebi

109.

mTavroba

amtkicebs,

rom

ganmcxadeblis

saCivari

dausabuTebelia da rom konvenciis me-8 muxlis darRvevas

adgili ar hqonia. mTavrobis argumentebi SeiZleba Semdegnairad

Sejamdes:

110. sasamarTlosTvis wardgenil Tavdapirvel mosazrebebSi

mTavrobam aRiara, rom ganmcxadeblis sacxovrebeli saxli

mdebareobda `severstalis~ sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonaSi,

magram ganacxada, rom Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi sasamarTloebis

gadawyvetilebebi ganmcxadeblis dauyovnebliv gansaxlebaze

uaris

Tqmis

Sesaxeb

kanonieri

iyo.

ruseTis

Sesabamisi

kanonmdebloba iTvaliswinebs mxolod ganmcxadeblis Seyvanas

binis momlodineTa saerTo siaSi momavalSi gansaxlebis mizniT,

rac evaleba municipalur organoebs. mTavroba aseve amtkicebs,

rom ganmcxadeblisTvis binis micema, siaSi misi adgilis

gauTvaliswineblad, daarRvevda im sxva adamianebis uflebebs,

romlebsac

aqvT

ufaso

sacxovrebeli

adgilis

ufleba

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad.

111. dasaSvebobis sakiTxis Semdgom mosazrebebSi da zepiri

mosmenisas mTavrobam ganacxada, rom Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

sasamarTlo

gadawyvetilebebi

araswori

iyo,

radgan

ganmcxadeblis saxli ar mdebareobda sanitaruli usafrTxoebis

zonaSi. mTavrobam aseve aRniSna, rom Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad, `qalbatoni n.m. fadeevas droebiTi

cxovreba sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonaSi dasaSvebia~, radgan

`saxelmwifo

anu

sajaro

interesebi

saWiroebs

aseT

teritoriebze ekonomikuri da sxva saqmianobis ganxorcielebas~.

kerZod, mTavroba miuTiTebs saqalaqo dagegmarebis kodeqsis me-10

muxlis me-5 punqts (ix. punqti 55). mTavroba werilobiT

mosazrebaSi aRniSnavs, rom `ruseTis federaciis saqalaqo

dagegmarebis kodeqsis me-10 muxlis me-5 punqtis Tanaxmad,

garemos TvalsazrisiT arasasurvel teritoriebze adamianebis

droebiTi

cxovreba

dasaSvebia

im

SemTxvevebSi,

rodesac

saxelmwifo anu sajaro interesebi saWiroebs ekonomikuri an

sxva saqmianobis ganxorcielebas aseT teritoriebze~.

112. mTavroba aseve acxadebs, rom ganmcxadebeli sakuTari

surviliT gadavida sxva binaSi, Jukovis quCa #1-Si, da araferi

uSlis mas xels Zveli binis datovebaSi. aseve, ganmcxadebels

nebismier dros SeuZlia moaxdinos am binis privatizeba da

SemdgomSi gayidos igi, raTa iyidos bina qalaqis sxva ubanSi.

113.

mTavroba

amtkicebs,

amowmebdnen

rom

haeris

xelisuflebis

xarisxs

organoebi

regularulad

qalaqSi

da

axorcielebdnen

rig

samecniero

kvlevebs

Cerepovecis

macxovreblebze dabinZurebis gavlenis Sesafaseblad.

114. mTavroba acxadebs, rom xelisuflebis organoebma sxvadasxva

administraciuli sanqciebi gamoiyenes sawarmo `severstalis~

mimarT,

misi

saqmianobis

Sidasaxelmwifoebriv

normebTan

SesabamisobaSi moyvanis mizniT. kerZod, 1995-2000 wlebSi garemos

dacvis saxelmwifo komitetma sawarmo `severstalSi~ Caatara 89

Semowmeba da gamoavlina 300-ze meti darRvevis faqti. am xnis

ganmavlobaSi metalurgiuli qarxnis menejerebs 45-jer waeyenaT

brali

garemosdacviT

sferoSi

administraciuli

samarTaldarRvevebis gamo. 2001-2003 wlebSi ruseTis federaciis

bunebrivi resursebis saministrom qarxanaSi Caatara oTxi

kompleqsuri

Semowmeba,

romelTa

drosac

gamovlinda

garemosdacviTi kanonmdeblobis 44 darRveva. dResdReobiT

kanoniT

gaTvaliswinebuli

organoebis

mier

gamovlenili

darRvevebis umravlesoba aRmofxvrilia.

115. da bolos, mTavroba amtkicebs, rom bolo wlebSi rigi

federaluri da municipaluri programebis ganxorcielebis

Sedegad

mTavroba

CerepovecSi

aRniSnavs,

dabinZurebis

rom xelisuflebis

xarisxi

Semcirebulia.

mier

organoebis

Catarebuli garemosdacviTi monitoringis Sedegad mTlianad

qalaqSi gaumjobesda garemos mdgomareoba, xolo dabinZurebis

xarisxi

ganmcxadeblis

saxlis

siaxloves

arsebiTad

ar

gansxvavdeba qalaqSi arsebuli saSualo xarisxisgan. mTavrobam

aseve CamoTvala metalurgiuli qarxnis mier emisiebis Semcirebis

mizniT

ganxorcielebuli

sxvadasxva

teqnologiuri

modifikaciebi da acxadebs, rom axlo momavalSi igegmeba

damatebiTi axali gaumjobesebebi.

(d) sasamarTlos Sefaseba

(i)

ganmcxadeblis

gansaxlebis

moTxovnis

savaraudo

Seusrulebloba

116. Tavdapirvelad sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom metalurgiuli

qarxana `severstalis~ saqmianobis zemoqmedeba garemoze ar

Seesatyviseba Sesabamisi rusuli kanonmdeblobiT dadgenil

garemosdacviT da jandacvis standartebs. aseTi mniSvnelovani

sawarmos muSaobis SesanarCuneblad ruseTis kanonmdebloba,

kompromisuli gamosavlis saxiT, iTvaliswinebs buferuli zonis

Seqmnas sawarmos adgilsamyofelis irgvliv, romlis farglebSic

oficialurad dasaSvebia, rom dabinZureba aWarbebdes dadgenil

normebs. amitom aseTi zonis arseboba aucilebeli pirobaa

saxifaTo sawarmosTvis – sxva SemTxvevaSi igi unda daixuros an

arsebiTad gadakeTdes.

117. sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonis ZiriTadi mizania, moxdes

sacxovrebeli raionebis gamocalkeveba dabinZurebis wyarosgan

da amgvarad minimumamde iqnes dayvanili qarxnis negatiuri

gavlena axlos mcxovreb mosaxleobaze. mTavrobam aCvena, rom

bolo

20

wlis

ganmavlobaSi

`severstalis~

emisiebi

mniSvnelovnad Semcirda da, ra Tqma unda, es tendencia

misasalmebelia (ix. punqti 37 da misi momdevno punqtebi). magram

mTeli gansaxilveli periodis ganmavlobaSi (1998 wlidan) rigi

saSiSi nivTierebebiT dabinZurebis done mudmivad aWarbebda

dasaSveb usafrTxo normebs. amitom `severstalis~ saqmianobis

gagrZeleba Sidasaxelmwifoebriv garemosdacviT standartebTan

winaaRmdegobis gareSe SesaZlebeli iyo mxolod im SemTxvevaSi,

Tu iarsebebda aRniSnuli zona, romelic gamocalkevebda

sawarmos qalaqis sacxovrebeli raionebisgan.

118. mxareebi davoben zonis realur masStabze. dasaSvebobis

etapis Semdeg sasamarTlosTvis warmodgenil mimoxilvaSi da

zepir gancxadebebSi mTavrobam uaryo, rom ganmcxadebeli zonis

farglebSi cxovrobda. Tumca Tavdapirvel mimoxilvaSi mTavroba

pirdapir acxadebda, rom ganmcxadeblis saxli mdebareobda

zonis farglebSi. is faqti, rom metalurgiuli qarxana

`severstalis~ sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zona moicavs qalaqis

sacxovrebel raionebsac, dadasturebulia 1996 wlis samTavrobo

programiT

ganmcxadeblis

(ix.

punqti

saxls,

15).

rac

Seexeba

qarxnis

konkretulad

sanitaruli

metalurgiuli

usafrTxoebis zonaSi misi mdebareobis faqti sadavo ar gamxdara

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi saqmiswarmoebis dros da mravaljer iqna

dadasturebuli

Sidasaxelmwifoebriv

organoTa

gadawyvetilebebSi. zonis statusi sadavo gaxda mxolod mas

Semdeg, rac mopasuxe mTavrobas ganacxadi gaegzavna. amitom

sasamarTlo miiCnevs, rom gansaxilvel periodSi ganmcxadebeli

`severstalis~ sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonaSi cxovrobda.

119.

industriasTan dakavSirebuli dabinZurebis xarisxi igivea an

SeiZleba ufro maRalic Cerepovecis sxva raionebSic,

Semdeg

mTavrobam

ganacxada,

rom

metalurgiul

ganmcxadeblis saxlis siaxloves dafiqsirebul xarisxTan

SedarebiT (ix. punqti 39). magram es amtkicebs mxolod imas, rom

metalurgiuli

Sidasaxelmwifoebriv

mosazrebas,

usafrTxoebis

qarxana

`severstali~

ar

akmayofilebs

da aCens

sanitaruli

nebismier

garemosdacviT

moTxovnebs

iyos

rom

ufro

SesaZloa

farTo

saWiro

zonis

arseboba.

SemTxvevaSi, es argumenti gavlenas ar axdens sasamarTlos

daskvnaze, rom ganmcxadebeli cxovrobda specialur zonaSi,

sadac sawarmoo dabinZureba aWarbebda usafrTxo normebs da

sadac

cxovreba,

faqtobrivad,

akrZaluli

iyo

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi kanonmdeblobiT.

120. mniSvnelovania faqti, rom ganmcxadebeli am adgilas

sacxovreblad gadavida 1982 wels da im dros mas

gaTviTcnobierebuli hqonda, rom aq garemos mdgomareoba

arakeTilsasurveli iyo. magram im dros arsebuli sacxovrebeli

saxlebis naklebobis gamo, agreTve, imis gamo, rom sawarmoo

qalaqebSi TiTqmis yvela sacxovrebeli saxli ekuTvnoda

saxelmwifos, savaraudoa, rom ganmcxadebels ar hqonda arCevani,

rom ar daTanxmeboda misi ojaxisTvis SeTavazebul binas (ix.

punqti 59 da misi momdevno punqtebi). garda amisa, im dros

garemosTan

ganmcxadebelma SeiZleba saTanadod ver Seafasa aRniSnul

raionSi dabinZurebis problemis seriozuloba. aseve

mniSvnelovania, rom ganmcxadebelma bina kanonierad miiRo

dakavSirebuli

informaciis

naklebobis

gamo

saxelmwifosgan,

scodnoda, rom

xolo

bina

saxelmwifos

metalurgiuli

ar

qarxnis

SeiZleboda

ar

sanitaruli

usafrTxoebis zonaSi mdebareobda da ekologiuri mdgomareoba

iq aradamakmayofilebeli iyo. amitom ver iqneba mxardaWerili

gancxadeba, rom ganmcxadebelma TviTon Seqmna gasaCivrebuli

mdgomareoba an ramenairad TviTon iyo pasuxismgebeli am

mdgomareobis arsebobaze.

121. aseve mniSvnelovania, rom 1990-ian wlebSi SesaZlebeli gaxda

sacxovrebeli qonebis SeuzRudavi daqiraveba an Sesyidva da

ganmcxadebels araferi uSlida xels saxifaTo zonidan

gasvlaSi. amasTan dakavSirebiT sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom

ganmcxadebels naqiravebi hqonda Jukovis quCa #1-Si mdebare bina

adgilobrivi

qiravnobis

sabWosgan

pirobebi,

rogorc

romlebiTac

grZelvadian

mas

mobinadres.

naqiravebi hqonda

aRniSnuli bina, gacilebiT SeRavaTiani iyo sabazro pirobebTan

SedarebiT. sxva saxlSi gadasvla ki gamoiwvevda seriozul

xarjebs,

romlebic,

ganmcxadeblis

mdgomareobis

gaTvaliswinebiT, faqtobrivad miuwvdomeli iyo, radgan misi

erTaderTi Semosavali iyo saxelmwifo pensia da damatebiTi

Tanxebi, romlebsac profesiul daavadebasTan dakavSirebiT

iRebda.

igive

iTqmis

mis

mier

axali

binis

yidvis

SesaZleblobaze, razec mopasuxe mTavrobam argumentis saxiT

miuTiTa. marTalia, Teoriulad ganmcxadebels SeeZlo Tavisi

piradi mdgomareobis Secvla, magram es praqtikulad Zalian

rTuli iyo. Sesabamisad, aRniSnuli garemoeba ganmcxadebels ar

arTmevs

SesaZleblobas,

moiTxovos

konvenciis

darRveviT

dazaralebulad cnoba 34-e muxlis gagebiT, Tumca aman

garkveulwilad SeiZleba gavlena iqonios mTavrobis pozitiur

valdebulebebze mocemul saqmeSi.

122. sasamarTlo imeorebs, rom ruseTis kanonmdebloba pirdapir

krZalavs

nebismieri

sacxovrebeli

Senobis

mSeneblobas

sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonaSi. magram kanoni sakmarisad

mkafiod ar akonkretebs, ra bedi ewevaT im adamianebs, romlebic

ukve cxovroben aseT zonaSi. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebs, rom

ruseTis kanonmdebloba moiTxovs aseT zonebSi macxovrebeli

adamianebis gansaxlebas da es gansaxleba unda moxdes

damabinZurebeli

sawarmos

xarjebiT.

magram

erovnulma

sasamarTloebma kanonmdebloba sxvagvarad ganmartes. Cerepovecis

saqalaqo sasamarTlos 1996 wlis da 1999 wlis gadawyvetilebebi

adgens, rom damabinZurebel sawarmos ar ekisreba gansaxlebis

valdebuleba; kanonmdebloba iTvaliswinebs mxolod zonis

macxovreblebis Seyvanas binis momlodineTa saerTo siaSi. imave

sasamarTlom

ar

daakmayofila

ganmcxadeblis

moTxovna

gansaxlebis xarjebis anazRaurebaze. dauyovnebliv gansaxlebis

konkretuli samarTlebrivi moTxovnis ararsebobis pirobebSi

sasamarTlo

absoluturad

sasamarTlo

ar

Tvlis

aragonivrulad.

mzad aris,

kanonis

aseT

interpretacias

safuZvelze

aRniSnulis

gaiziaros,

rom

erovnuli

kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli erTaderTi gamosavali am

situaciidan iyo ganmcxadeblis Seyvana binis momlodineTa siaSi.

magaliTad,

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

sasamarTloebisa

da

organoebis mier gamoyenebuli da ganmartebuli ruseTis

kanonmdebloba ar ansxvavebs im pirebs, vinc uflebamosilia,

ufasod miiRos axali bina socuzrunvelyofis farglebSi (omis

veteranebi, mravalSviliani ojaxebi da sxv.), im pirebisgan, vis

yoveldRiur cxovrebasac seriozulad eSleba xeli mezobeli

qarxnidan momdinare toqsikuri kvamliT.

123. sasamarTlo aseve aRniSnavs, rom 1999 wels, rodesac

ganmcxadebeli

mdgomareoba

binis

arafriT

momlodineTa

Secvlila.

siaSi

ufro

Seiyvanes,

metic, rogorc

misi

ganmcxadebeli marTebulad acxadebs, ar aris raime imedi, rom

siaSi Seyvanas Sedegad mohyveba misi gansaxleba zonidan

ganWvretad momavalSi. zogierTi ojaxis zonidan gansaxleba

`severstalis~ mier Tavad sawarmos keTil nebazea damokidebuli

da

sando

gamosavlad

es

ver

gamodgeba.

amitom

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

sasamarTloebis

mier gamoyenebuli

RonisZieba ganmcxadeblisTvis arafers cvlis: igi ar iZleva

raime realur imeds, rom ganmcxadebels gaiyvanen dabinZurebis

zonidan.

(ii) kerZo sawarmos savaraudo arasaTanado regulireba

124. is RonisZiebebi, romelTa ganxorcielebac ganmcxadebelma

Sidasaxelmwifoebriv sasamarTloebs mosTxova (dauyovnebeli

gansaxleba an gansaxlebis xarjebis anazRaureba), ar aris

gasaCivrebuli situaciidan erTaderTi gamosavali. sasamarTlo

aRniSnavs, rom `me-8 muxlis moTxovnebis Sesasruleblad

gamiznuli saSualebebis arCeva ... uSualod pirebs Soris

urTierTobebSi aris umTavresad xelSemkvreli saxelmwifos

diskreciiT gadasawyveti sakiTxi. amasTan dakavSirebiT arsebobs

`piradi cxovrebis pativiscemis~ uzrunvelyofis sxvadasxva gza

da saxelmwifos valdebuleba damokidebuli iqneba gansaxilveli

piradi cxovrebis konkretul aspeqtebze~ (1985 wlis 26 martis

ganCineba saqmeze X. and Y. v. the Netherlands, ECHR Series A, # 91, punqti

24). gansaxilvel saqmeSi saxelmwifos mTeli rigi sxva

saSualebebi hqonda mis gankargulebaSi, rom Tavidan aecilebina

an minimumamde daeyvana dabinZureba, sasamarTlo ki Seamowmebs,

zogadi xasiaTis RonisZiebebis gatarebisas Seasrula Tu ara

saxelmwifom

masze

konvenciiT

dakisrebuli

pozitiuri

valdebulebebi.

125. amasTan dakavSirebiT sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom, rogorc

mTavrobis moxsenebaSia aRniSnuli, metalurgiuli qarxnis mier

gamowveuli garemos dabinZureba mniSvnelovnad Semcirda bolo

oci wlis ganmavlobaSi. 1970-iani wlebis Semdeg qalaqSi haeris

xarisxi gaumjobesda. magaliTad, rodesac ganmcxadeblis ojaxi

aRniSnul binaSi gadavida sacxovreblad 1982 wels, CerepovecSi

mTliani atmosferuli dabinZureba orjer aRemateboda 2003 wlis

maCveneblebs. 1980 wlidan moyolebuli metalurgiuli qarxana

`severstalidan~ momdinare toqsikuri emisiebis raodenoba

qalaqis haerSi 787,7-dan 333,2 aTas tonamde Semcirda. 1996 wlis

federaluri programis miRebis Semdeg (punqti 15), `severstalis~

mier gamoyofili haeris damabinZurebeli nivTierebebis mTliani

wliuri emisia 5,7 procentiT Semcirda. mTavrobis mier

wardgenili angariSis Tanaxmad, 2003 wlisTvis mniSvnelovnad

Semcirda qalaqis haerSi rigi toqsikuri elementebis saSualo

koncentracia (ix. punqti 37 da misi momdevno punqtebi); bolo

xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi Semcirda, agreTve, `severstalis~

garSemo haeris Semowmebis `aradamakmayofilebeli Sedegebis~

raodenoba.

126. amave dros, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom 1990 wlis da 1996

wlis federaluri programebis ganxorcielebam dasaxul mizans

ver miaRwia: 2003 wels qarxnis maxloblad haerSi toqsikuri

nivTierebebis koncentracia mainc aWarbebda usafrTxo normebs.

marTalia, 1990 wlis programis mixedviT metalurgiuli qarxana

valdebuli iyo, Seemcirebina toqsikuri emisiebi usafrTxo

normebamde 1998 wlisTvis, 2004 wels mTavarma sanitarulma

inspeqtorma aRiara, rom es ase ar moxda da ganisazRvra qarxnis

emisiebis saxifaTo normebze dabla Camowevis axali vada _ 2015

weli.

127. sadavo ar aris, rom bolo aTi – oci wlis ganmavlobaSi

mniSvnelovani warmateba iqna miRweuli emisiebis Semcirebis

TvalsazrisiT. magram Tu mxedvelobaSi mxolod is periodi

iqneba

kompetencia

miRebuli,

romelzec

sasamarTlos

SeiZleba

ratione temporis

iTqvas, rom

vrceldeba,

maSin

garemosdacviTi mdgomareobis mTlianobaSi gaumjobeseba Zalze

nela mimdinareobs. amasTanave, rogorc mTavrobis angariSSia

naCvenebi, zogierTi toqsikuri nivTierebis dinamika uwyveti ar

aris da zog wlebSi dabinZurebis done gaizarda kidec, araTu

Semcirda (ix. danarTi).

128.

metalurgiul

qarxana

problemis

`severstalTan~

sirTulisa

dakavSirebuli

da masStabis

garemosdacviTi

gaTvaliswinebiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom es problema mokle

periodSi ver iqneba gadaWrili. marTlac, sasamarTlos

funqciaSi ar Sedis imis gansazRvra, konkretulad ra unda

yofiliyo gakeTebuli mocemul viTarebaSi dabinZurebis ufro

efeqtianad Sesamcireblad. Tumca sasamarTlos gansjadobaSi

namdvilad Sedis imis Sefaseba, miudga Tu ara mTavroba

problemas saTanado gulmodginebiT da angariSs uwevda Tu ara

konfliqtur interesebs. amasTan dakavSirebiT sasamarTlo

imeorebs, rom saxelmwifos ekisreba mtkicebis tvirTi, detaluri

da zusti monacemebis safuZvelze gaamarTlos is viTareba,

rodesac garkveul adamianebs mZime bedis gaZleba uwevT

danarCeni

sazogadoebis

sakeTildReod.

ganixilavs

ra

winamdebare saqmes am kuTxiT, sasamarTlo Semdeg sakiTxebs

aRniSnavs:

129. mTavrobam moixsenia ramdenime kvleva, romlebic Catarda

Cerepovecis metalurgiuli qarxnis irgvliv arsebuli garemos

mdgomareobis Sefasebis mizniT. Tumca mTavrobas es dokumentebi

ar warmoudgenia da ar ganumartavs, Tu ra gavlena moaxdina am

kvlevebma qarxnis mimarT midgomaze, kerZod, qarxnis saqmianobis

nebarTvis pirobebze. sasamarTlo aseve aRniSnavs, rom mTavrobas

ar warmoudgenia qarxnis saqmianobis nebarTvis asli da ar

dauzustebia, rogor da ramdenad iqna gaTvaliswinebuli

metalurgiuli

qarxnis

irgvliv

mcxovrebi

mosaxleobis

interesebi nebarTvis pirobebis gansazRvrisas.

130. mTavrobam aRniSna, rom gansaxilveli periodis ganmavlobaSi

sawarmo `severstali~ mravaljer iqna Semowmebuli da mis mimarT

mravaljer

garemosdacviTi

iqna

gamoyenebuli

kanonmdeblobis

administraciuli

darRvevis gamo.

jarimebi

magram

mTavrobas ar dauzustebia, ra sanqciebi iqna gamoyenebuli da ra

darRvevebi iqna aRmoCenili. Sesabamisad, SeuZlebelia imis

Sefaseba, Tu ramdenad aiZulebda es sanqciebi `severstals~,

gaetarebina garemos dacvisTvis aucilebeli RonisZiebebi.

131. sasamarTlos miaCnia, rom SeuZlebelia yovlismomcvelad

Sefasdes mTavrobis politika `severstalis~ mimarT, radgan

mTavrobas ar uCvenebia garkveviT, ras gulisxmobs es politika.

am garemoebebSi sasamarTlo iZulebulia, sawinaaRmdego daskvna

gaakeTos. mis winaSe warmodgenili masalebis safuZvelze

sasamarTlo ver daaskvnis, rom metalurgiuli qarxnis sawarmoo

saqmianobis

gaiTvaliswina

interesebi.

regulirebisas

qarxnis siaxloves

xelisuflebam

mcxovrebi

jerovnad

mosaxleobis

132. Sejamebis saxiT sasamarTlo askvnis: saxelmwifom gasca

nebarTva, damabinZurebel sawarmos saqmianoba ewarmoebina

mWidrod dasaxlebul Sua qalaqSi. radgan am sawarmodan

momdinare toqsikuri emisiebi aWarbebda Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

kanonmdeblobiT dadgenil usafrTxoebis normebs da SeeZlo

ziani

mieyenebina

axlos

mcxovrebi

adamianebis

janmrTelobisaTvis, saxelmwifom Seqmna garkveuli teritoria

qarxnis irgvliv, romelzec ar unda iyos sacxovrebeli saxlebi.

amis miuxedavad, kanonmdeblobis es moTxovna praqtikaSi ar

Sesrulebula.

133. Zalian Sors wasuli gancxadeba iqneboda imis Tqma, rom

saxelmwifos

ganmcxadeblis uzrunvelyofa ufaso sacxovrebliT da, nebismier

SemTxvevaSi, arc sasamarTlos funqciaa, saxelmwifoebs

ukarnaxos konkretuli RonisZiebebi, romlebic saxelmwifoebma

an

damabinZurebel

sawarmos

ekisreboda

unda gaataron konvenciis me-8 muxliT maTze dakisrebuli

pozitiuri valdebulebebis Sesasruleblad. magram am saqmeSi,

miuxedavad imisa, rom qarxnis irgvliv arsebuli mdgomareoba

zonaSi mcxovrebi adamianebis mimarT sagangebo mopyrobas

saWiroebda, saxelmwifos ganmcxadeblisTvis ar SeuTavazebia

raime qmediTi gamosavali saxifaTo zonidan mis gayvanaSi

daxmarebis mizniT. agreTve, miuxedavad imisa, rom aRniSnuli

damabinZurebeli qarxana Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi garemosdacviTi

standartebis

darRveviT

funqcionirebda,

ar

arsebobs

informacia, rom saxelmwifom SeimuSava an gamoiyena qmediTi

RonisZiebebi,

dazaralebuli

romlebiTac

romlebic

adgilobrivi

dabinZurebis

angariSs

gauwevda

dabinZurebiT

mosaxleobis

done

interesebs

da

realurad

Semcirdeboda

dasaSveb normebamde.

134.

sasamarTlo

askvnis,

rom

farTo

mopasuxe

diskreciis

saxelmwifos

miuxedavad,

gankargulebaSi

arsebuli

saxelmwifom ver daicva samarTliani wonasworoba sazogadoebis

interesebsa da ganmcxadeblis mier misi sacxovreblis da piradi

cxovrebis pativiscemis uflebis ganxorcielebas Soris. aqedan

gamomdinare, darRveulia me-8 muxli.

II. konvenciis 41-e muxlis gamoyeneba

135. konvenciis 41-e muxlis Tanaxmad:

`Tu sasamarTlo daadgens, rom dairRva konvencia da misi oqmebi,

xolo

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

Sesabamisi

maRali

samarTali

xelSemkvreli

darRvevis

mxaris

mxolod

nawilobrivi gamosworebis SesaZleblobas iZleva, saWiroebis

SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTlo dazaralebul mxares samarTlian

dakmayofilebas miakuTvnebs.~

A. aramaterialuri ziani

136. ganmcxadebelma aramaterialuri zianis anazRaurebis saxiT

moiTxova 10 000 evros gadaxda. ganmcxadeblis azriT, es odenoba

gamarTlebulia sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zonaSi garemos

gadaWarbebuli dabinZurebiT, romelmac uaryofiTi gavlena

iqonia mis janmrTelobasa da mis mier sacxovrebliT da piradi

cxovrebis uflebiT sargeblobaze. am pirobebma aseve gamoiwvia

moraluri tanjva da imedgacrueba imis gamo, rom TviTon da misi

ojaxi iZulebulni iyvnen, ecxovraT aRniSnul zonaSi 20 wlis

manZilze.

137. mTavrobis azriT, es moTxovna gadaWarbebulia da konvenciis

darRvevis dadgenis faqti ukve sakmarisi iqneba samarTliani

dakmayofilebisTvis. alternatiulad, mTavrobam ganacxada, rom

`aramaterialuri zianis anazRaurebis saxiT marTebuli iqneba

mxolod simboluri Tanxis dakisreba.~

138. sasamarTlo mzad aris, gaiziaros, rom didi xnis

ganmavlobaSi

ganmcxadeblis

daqvemdebarebam

sawarmoo

dabinZurebisadmi mas didi diskomforti Seuqmna, gamoiwvia

moraluri da garkveulwilad TviT fizikuri tanjvac ki – es

aSkaraa

im

safuZvlebis

gaTvaliswinebiT,

romlebiTac

sasamarTlom me-8 muxlis darRveva daadgina. amave dros,

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom konvencia ruseTisTvis ZalaSi Sevida

1998 wlis 5 maiss; amitom sasamarTlos ar gaaCnia ratione temporis

kompetencia,

rom

anazRaureba

miakuTvnos

am

periodamde

miyenebuli

zianisTvis.

sxvadasxva

Sesabamisi

faqtoris,

rogoricaa asaki, ganmcxadeblis janmrTelobis mdgomareoba da

gasaCivrebuli mdgomareobis xangrZlivoba, erToblivad

gaTvaliswinebiT, 41-e muxlSi gansazRvruli samarTlianobis

principis safuZvelze, sasamarTlo ganmcxadebels miakuTvnebs 6

000 evros, rasac daemateba nebismieri gadasaxadi, romelic

SeiZleba daericxos am Tanxas.

2. materialuri ziani

139. materialuri zianis saxiT ganmcxadebelma moiTxova, rom

mTavrobam mas SesTavazos misi amJamindeli binis msgavsi axali

sacxovrebeli Cerepovecis sanitaruli zonis farglebs gareT.

ganmcxadebelma ganacxada, rom msgavs saqmeebze damkvidrebuli

principebisa da im faqtis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom saxelmwifom ar

Seasrula Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi kanonmdeblobis moTxovna mis

gansaxlebasTan dakavSirebiT, saxelmwifos unda daekisros

ganmcxadeblisTvis sacxovreblis uzrunvelyofa sanitaruli

usafrTxoebis zonis gareT. alternatiulad, ganmcxadebelma

moiTxova 30 000 evros anazRaureba, rac aris ganmcxadeblis

binis msgavsi binis safasuri Cerepovecis sanitaruli zonis

farglebs gareT.

140. mTavroba amtkicebda, rom ganmcxadeblis moTxovna ar unda

dakmayofilebuliyo.

141. am moTxovnasTan dakavSirebiT sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, pirvel

rigSi,

rom

ganmcxadeblis

mier

gasaCivrebuli

darRveva

gangrZobadi xasiaTisaa. gansaxilveli drois ganmavlobaSi

ganmcxadebeli Tavis binaSi cxovrobs rogorc damqiravebeli da

arasodes CamorTmevia es ufleba. marTalia, am periodis

ganmavlobaSi mis pirad cxovrebaze uaryofiTi gavlena moaxdina

sawarmoo

emisiebma,

araferi

miuTiTebs,

rom

man

raime

danaxarjebi gaiRo am TvalsazrisiT. am ganCinebis gamotanamde

periodTan dakavSirebiT ganmcxadebelma ver daasabuTa misTvis

raime materialuri zianis miyeneba.

142. rac Seexeba mTavrobis mier momavalSi gasatarebel

RonisZiebebs imisaTvis, rom man Seasrulos sasamarTlos mier

konvenciis

me-8

muxlis

darRvevis

dadasturebis

Sesaxeb

ganCinebis moTxovnebi, ganmcxadeblis gansaxleba ekologiurad

usafrTxo raionSi mxolod erT-erTi gamosavalia sxva mraval

SesaZlo gamosavals Soris. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, konvenciis 41-e

muxlis Tanaxmad, mocemul saqmeSi me-8 muxlis darRvevis faqtis

dadgeniT sasamarTlom daadastura saxelmwifos valdebuleba,

miiRos

saTanado

zomebi

ganmcxadeblis

individualuri

mdgomareobis gamosasworeblad.

B. xarjebi da danaxarjebi

143. da bolos, xarjebisa da danaxarjebis saxiT ganmcxadebelma

moiTxova:

(i)

2

000 evro, b-ni iuri vanJas warmomadgenlobisTvis

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi organoebis winaSe da sasamarTlos winaSe

warmoebis Tavdapirvel etapze, 40 saaTis ganmavlobaSi, saaTSi 50

evros odenobiT;

(ii) 3 000 evro, b-ni kiril koroteevis warmomadgenlobisTvis

sasamarTlos winaSe warmoebis Tavdapirvel etapze, 60 saaTis

ganmavlobaSi, saaTSi 50 evros odenobiT;

(iii) 2 940 girvanqa sterlingi xarjebisa da danaxarjebisTvis,

romlebic ganmcxadeblis warmomadgenlebma (b-nma filip liCma

da b-nma bil bouringma) gaiRes londonSi;

(iv) 600 girvanqa sterlingi q-ni miriam karion benitesis

konsultaciisTvis.

144.

am

sakiTxTan

dakavSirebul

damatebiT

mosazrebebSi

ganmcxadebelma moiTxova Semdegi Tanxebis gadaxda 2004 wlis 1

ivlisis sxdomaze misi warmomadgenlebis monawileobisTvis:

(i) 1 200 girvanqa sterlingi (800 girvanqa sterlingi – b-ni filip

liCis anazRaureba, saaTSi 100 girvanqa sterlingis odenobiT,

plius 400 girvanqa sterlingi mgzavrobis drois anazRaureba,

saaTSi 50 girvanqa sterlingis odenobiT);

(ii) 1 400 girvanqa sterlingi (1 000 girvanqa sterlingi – b-ni bil

bouringis anazRaureba, 100 girvanqa sterlingi saaTSi, plius 400

girvanqa sterlingi mgzavrobis drois anazRaureba, 25 girvanqa

sterlingi saaTSi);

(iii) 1 000 evro (500 evro – b-ni kiril koroteevis anazRaureba,

saaTSi 50 evros odenobiT, plius 500 evro mgzavrobis drois

anazRaureba, saaTSi 25 evros odenobiT);

(iv) 700 evro (200 evro – q-ni dina vedernikovas anazRaureba,

saaTSi 50 evros odenobiT, plius 500 evro mgzavrobis drois

anazRaureba, saaTSi 25 evros odenobiT).

145. pasuxad mTavroba amtkicebda, rom ganmcxadeblis moTxovnebi

aRniSnul nawilSi dausabuTebelia. mTavrobis TqmiT, `xarjebis

realurad

warmoudgenia

gawevis

raime

dasadastureblad

xelSekrulebebi

ganmcxadebels

[dadebuli

ar

mis

warmomadgenlebTan] an qviTrebi.~ mTavroba aseve eWvqveS ayenebs

advokatTa qviTrebis zogierT detals, kerZod, dros, romelic b-

nma koroteevma savaraudod daxarja ganmcxadeblis satelefono

gamokiTxvisas, da q-ni vedernikovas evropis sasamarTlos winaSe

gamocxadebis aucileblobas.

146. sasamarTlom pirvel rigSi unda daadginos, realurad iqna

Tu ara gaweuli ganmcxadeblis mier aRniSnuli xarjebi da

danaxarjebi da, meore, saWiro iyo Tu ara am xarjebis da

danaxarjebis gaweva (ix. 1995 wlis 27 seqtembris ganCineba saqmeze

McCann and Others v. the United Kingdom, Series A, # 324, punqti 220).

147. rac Seexeba pirvel sakiTxs, sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom

ganmcxadebels ar warmoudgenia masa da mis advokatebs Soris

dadebuli raime werilobiTi xelSekruleba. Tumca es ar niSnavs,

rom aseTi xelSekruleba ar arsebobs. rusuli kanonmdeblobis

Tanaxmad, xelSekruleba sakonsultacio momsaxurebis gawevis

Sesaxeb SeiZleba daidos zepiri formiTac (ruseTis federaciis

samoqalaqo kodeqsis 153-e muxli 779-e muxlTan erTobliobaSi)

da araferi aCvenebs, rom es ase ar iyo ganmcxadeblisa da misi

warmomadgenlebis SemTxvevaSi. nebismier SemTxvevaSi, mTavrobas

ar warmoudgenia sxva ram, rac sawinaaRmdegos daadasturebda.

amitom

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

advokatTa

honorarebi

kanonmdeblobiT

anazRaurebadia

da, konvenciis

TvalsazrisiT, realuria. am daskvnaze gavlenas ar axdens is

faqti, rom ganmcxadebels ar ekisreboda am Tanxebis winaswar

gadaxdis movaleoba.

148.

Semdeg

unda

dadgindes,

iyo

Tu

ara

aucilebeli

ganmcxadeblis advokatTa xarjebi. rac Seexeba b-ni iuri vanJas

mier moTxovnil xarjebs, es xarjebi unda Semcirdes, radgan

ganmcxadeblis zogierTi moTxovna dauSveblad iqna miCneuli.

gonivrulobis principis safuZvelze sasamarTlo ganmcxadebels

miakuTvnebs 1 500 evros xarjebisaTvis.

149.

rac

Seexeba

xarjebsa

da

danaxarjebs,

romlebic

ganmcxadebelma gaiRo misi ganacxadis daSvebulad miCnevis

Semdeg, razec laparakia 143-e punqtis (i) – (iv) qvepunqtebSi,

sasamarTlo aRniSnavs, rom saqmis mosamzadeblad orive mxares

mouwia sakmao odenobiT iuridiuli da teqnikuri Sroma.

Sesabamisad, sasamarTlo am danaxarjebs aucileblad miiCnevs da

mTlianad miakuTvnebs ganmcxadebels moTxovnil Tanxas, kerZod,

3 000 evros b-ni koroteevis anazRaurebis da danaxarjebis saxiT

da

3

540 girvanqa sterlings ganmcxadeblis britaneli

advokatebisa da mrCevlebis anazRaurebisa da danaxarjebis

saxiT.

150. da bolos, rac Seexeba 2004 wlis 1 ivlisis sxdomasTan

dakavSirebul

ganmcxadeblis oTxive warmomadgenlis daswreba absolutur

aucileblobas warmoadgenda. gonivrulobis principis

xarjebs,

sasamarTlo

aRniSnavs,

rom

safuZvelze, sasamarTlo miakuTvnebs ganmcxadebels 2 000 evros

da 2 000 girvanqa sterlings Sesabamisad rusi da britaneli

advokatebis anazRaurebis da danaxarjebis saxiT.

151. aRniSnul Tanxebs unda daematos is Tanxa, romelic saWiro

iqneba maTze daricxuli gadasaxadebis asanazRaureblad.

C. procentis dakisreba gadaxdis valdebulebis gadacilebisTvis

152.

sasamarTlos mizanSewonilad miaCnia, rom procenti

gadaxdis valdebulebis gadacilebisTvis efuZnebodes evropis

centraluri bankis zRvrul sasesxo procents, romelsac unda

daematos sami procenti.

aRniSnulis safuZvelze sasamarTlo erTsulovnad:

1. adgens, rom darRveulia konvenciis me-8 muxli;

2. adgens, rom:

(a) mopasuxe saxelmwifom, konvenciis 44-e muxlis me-2 punqtis

Sesabamisad am ganCinebis ZalaSi Sesvlidan sami Tvis vadaSi,

ganmcxadebels aramaterialuri zianis saxiT unda gadauxados 6

000 (eqvsi aTasi) evro, romlis konvertaciac unda moxdes rusul

rublebSi, angariSsworebis dRes arsebuli kursiT, plius

nebismieri gadasaxadi, rac SeiZleba daericxos am Tanxas;

(b) mopasuxe saxelmwifom, konvenciis 44-e muxlis me-2 punqtis

Sesabamisad am ganCinebis ZalaSi Sesvlidan sami Tvis vadaSi,

ganmcxadebels unda gadauxados Semdegi Tanxebi:

(i) 6 500 (eqvsi aTas xuTasi) evro misi rusi advokatebis mier

gaweuli xarjebisa da danaxarjebisTvis, romlis konvertaciac

unda moxdes rusul rublebSi, angariSsworebis dRes arsebuli

kursiT, gamoklebuli 1 732 (aTas Svidas ocdaTormti) evro,

romelic ukve gadaxdili iqna batoni koroteevisTvis iuridiuli

daxmarebisTvis;

(ii) 5 540 (xuTi aTas xuTas ormoci) girvanqa sterlingi im

xarjebisa

da

danaxarjebisTvis,

romlebic

gawies

misma

britanelma advokatebma da mrCevlebma;

(iii) plius nebismieri gadasaxadi, rac SeiZleba daericxos

zemoaRniSnul Tanxebs;

(c) zemoaRniSnuli sami Tvis gasvlis Semdeg angariSsworebis

TariRamde gadasaxdel Tanxas daericxos martivi procenti,

romelic udris evropis centraluri bankis zRvrul sasesxo

procents gadaxdis valdebulebis gadacilebis periodSi plius

sami procenti;

3. uars ambobs samarTlian dakmayofilebasTan dakavSirebiT

ganmcxadeblis sxva moTxovnebis dakmayofilebaze.

Sesrulebulia inglisur enaze, Setyobinebulia werilobiT 2005

wlis 9 ivniss, sasamarTlos reglamentis 77-e muxlis me-2-me-3

punqtebis Sesabamisad.

soren nilseni

mdivani

kristos rozakisi

Tavmjdomare

konvenciis

45-e

muxlis

me-2

punqtisa

da

sasamarTlos

reglamentis 74-e muxlis me-2 punqtis Sesabamisad, winamdebare

ganCinebas Tan erTvis batoni a. kovleris Tanmxvedri mosazreba.

k.l.r.

s.n.

mosamarTle kovleris Tanmxvedri mosazreba

me veTanxmebi palatis erTsulovan mosazrebas, rom winamdebare

saqmeSi ruseTis xelisuflebam ar Seasrula misi pozitiuri

valdebuleba

konvenciis

me-8

muxliT

gaTvaliswinebuli

ganmcxadeblis uflebebis dacvasTan dakavSirebiT. amave dros,

minda ganvmarto Cemi midgoma mocemul saqmeSi daculi

specifikuri interesis mimarT.

ganCinebaSi miTiTebul saqmeze – López Ostra v. Spain _ sasamarTlom

daadgina, rom saxelmwifom ver daicva samarTliani wonasworoba

qalaqis ekonomikur keTildReobasa da ganmcxadeblis piradi da

ojaxuri cxovrebis pativiscemis uflebas Soris. hatonis saqmeze,

romelic aseve miTiTebulia ganCinebaSi, sasamarTlom igive

logika ganaviTara (Tumca, sabolood, didma palatam ar miiCnia

me-8 muxli darRveulad). cota xnis winandel saqmeSic, romelic

xmaurs Seexeboda (Moreno Gómez v. Spain, # 4143/02, 2004 wlis 8

noemberi), problema ganmcxadeblis pirad cxovrebasa da

sacxovrebelze gavlenaSi mdgomareobda.

meore mxriv, saqmeSi Guerra and Others v. Italy (1998 wlis 19

Tebervlis ganCineba, # 14967/89, Reports 1998-I), romelic exeboda

sawarmoo safrTxeebis Taobaze informaciis xelmisawvdomobas,

sasamarTlom daadgina mxolod ganmcxadeblebis piradi da

ojaxuri cxovrebis uflebis darRveva, `sacxovreblis~ xsenebis

gareSe. me ufro metad am ukanasknel midgomas vemxrobi da

mimaCnia, rom `garemos uflebebi~ (ramdenadac isini me-8 muxliTaa

daculi) ufro metad `piradi cxovrebis~ sferos Seexeba da ara

`sacxovrebels~. Cemi azriT, `sacxovreblis~ cneba am debulebis

teqstSi Sevida mkafio ganzraxviT – gansazRvruliyo dacvis

konkretuli sfero, romelic gansxvavdeba `piradi da ojaxuri

cxovrebisgan~. am ganmartebis mxardasaWerad me moviSvelieb

citatas mosamarTle grivis gansxvavebuli mosazrebidan hatonis

saqmeze, romelSic man ganacxada, rom `garemos uflebebi

gansxvavdeba im ZiriTadi uflebisgan, rom adamians saxlSi

aravin SemoeWras saTanado nebarTvis gareSe~. amitom, araviTari

eWvi ar Semaqvs ra sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebaSi, rom dairRva

me-8 muxli, me mirCevnia, es darRveva gamoxatuli iqnes, rogorc

ganmcxadeblis piradi cxovrebis dausabuTebeli xelyofa.

Sesabamisad,

saxelmwifos

umoqmedoba

mocemul

saqmeSi

gamoixateba ara mxolod imiT, rom xelisuflebis organoebma ar

ganasaxles ganmcxadebeli usafrTxo adgilas. saxelmwifos

farTo diskrecia aqvs im RonisZiebebis arCevisas, romlebic

saWiroa me-8 muxliT gaTvaliswinebul uflebebsa da mTlianad

sazogadoebis interesebs Soris samarTliani wonasworobis

uzrunvelsayofad.

mcxovrebi adamianebis

amitom

am

saqmeSi

qarxnis

mxolod

siaxloves

erT-erTi

gansaxleba

SesaZleblobaa sxva mraval SesaZlo RonisZiebas Soris da, Cemi

azriT, arc yvelaze saukeTeso: xelisuflebas rom ufro meti

simkacre da Tanmimdevruloba gamoeCina Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi

garemosdacviTi wesebis gamoyenebisas, problemac mosaxleobis

gansaxlebis saWiroebis gareSe gadawydeboda da zogadad

garemos mdgomareobac gaumjobesdeboda.

danarTi – amonaridebi mTavrobis mier warmodgenili angariSidan

CerepovecSi arsebuli garemos mdgomareobis Sesaxeb4

A. haeris dabinZurebis dinamika 1999 – 2003 wlebSi (zdk-s

mixedviT)

toqsikuri

elementi

saSualo

dRiuri zdk,

mg/m³

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

azotis zeJangi

azotis Jangi

amiaki

0,04

0,027

0,021

0,022

0,015

0,018

0,016

0,025

0,06

0,011

0,01

0,024

0,016

0,04

0,0125 0,011

0,0006 0,002

0,005

marganeci

0,001

3,0

0,0007 0,0004 0,0008

naxSirJangi

mtveri

1,884

0,264

1,3

1,5

1,28

0,2

1,76

0,17

0,15

0,25

0,24

gogirdwyalbadi

gogirdnaxSirbadi

fenoli

0,008

0,005

0,003

0,05

0,0002 0,0007 0,0004 0,0006 0,0006

0,0187 0,015 0,011 0,004 0,0056

0,002 0,0014 0,0012 0,0009 0,0014

0,0136 0,02 0,013 0,0099 0,019

0,0049 0,0056 0,0021 0,0024 0,0037

formaldehidi

gogirdis airi

B.

toqsikuri

elementebis

saSualo

da

maqsimaluri

koncentraciebi bolo 20-30 wlis ganmavlobaSi

dakvirvebis qveS

myofi nivTiereba

1974

1983

1989

1996

2003

saS. maqs. saS. maqs. saS. maqs. saS. maqs. saS. maqs.

mtveri

-

0,3

4,0

0,3

2,1

0,1

1,2

0,2

0,8

gogirdis

anhidridi

0,08

0,86

0,04

0,79

0,03

1,170 0,004 0,160 0,004 0,114

naxSirJangi

7

20

1

7

1

16

1

7

1

18

azotis zeJangi

azotis Jangi

gogirdwyalbadi

gogirdnaxSirbadi

fenoli

0,07

0,65

0,04

0,07

0,31

0,04

0,23

0,43

0,02

0,16

0,30

0,03

0,45

1,02

-

0,058 0,05

0,006 0,058 0,002 0,029 0,002 0,023 0,001 0,013

-

0,011 0,076 0,006 0,046

0,003 0,018 0,003 0,04 0,001 0,021

0,02 0,21

0,014 0,129 0,019 0,073

-

amiaki

0,27

-

5,82

-

0,08

-

1,37

-

0,02

0,23

formaldehidi

1. zdk aris sxvadasxva damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa usafrTxo

normebi, romlebic gansazRvrulia ruseTis kanonmdeblobiT

(«предельно допустимые концентрации», ПДК).

2. doqtori Cernaiki flobs filosofiis doqtoris xarisxs

bioqimiaSi

janmrTelobis skola, baltimori, merilendis Stati, aSS). misi

sadoqtoro Sroma da kvlevebi orientirebulia garemos

(jons

hopkinsis

universitetis

sazogadoebrivi

toqsikologiaze. 1992 wlidan doqtori Cernaiki muSaobs Statian

mecnierad aSS-s garemosdacviTi kanonmdeblobis msoflio

aliansis

samsaxurSi.

misi

kompetenciis

farglebSi,

igi

moTxovnil samecniero informacias awvdis iuristebs 60-ze meti

qveynidan. igi xSirad uwevs iuristebs konsultaciebs haeris

damabinZureblebisadmi

daqvemdebarebis

Sedegad

adamianis

janmrTelobisTvis miyenebul zianze; am damabinZureblebSi Sedis

gogirdwyalbadi, wyalbadcianidi, naftalini, formaldehidi,

gogirdnaxSirbadi da sxva nivTierebebi.

3. es gadawyvetileba Seexeboda xelisuflebis mier imgvari

gasamarTi sadguris daxurvas, romelsac irgvliv ar hqonda

sanitaruli usafrTxoebis zona.

4. zemoaRniSnuli monacemebi asaxavs mxolod im Sedegebs,

romlebic miRebuli iqna ganmcxadeblis saxlTan yvelaze

axlomdebare

saxelmwifo

hidrometeorologiuri

centris

pirveli stacionaruli sadamkvirveblo postidan.